Resources on various native languages from the Americas, past and present, be it North America, Central America and the Caribbean or South America.

Know of any other resources ? Feel free to add them.

The basic version of this article is currently under construction and should be finished by the end of 2018. It will attempt to be a reasonably exhaustive (though not necessarily complete) overview of native languages from the New World.

Native Languages of the Americas: American Indian Dictionaries and Language Books - “Preserving and promoting American Indian languages”. Many resources on the native languages of the Americas.

Inwewinan - Native American Languages - Older site, with plenty of resources on the native languages of the Americas.

Swadesh lists by family at Wiktionary - Includes many Native American and other native language families, with their individual Swadesh lists.

Loanwords or derived words from Amerindian languages

Native American languages - Includes maps of their distribution and of the main native language groups of North America. (Specific links are also included in the overview table below.)

Online Dictionaries - Native American Dictionaries - A list of available online dictionaries on various North American native languages. (Specific links are also included in the overview table below.)

Common Lakota Words - A dictionary from A to Z. With playable sample recordings for each word, serving as a pronunciation guide.

New Lakota Dictionary Online - Offers both a desktop version and an online version.

The Ojibwe People's Dictionary

FirstVoices.com - Audio recordings of the First Peoples indigenous languages of Canada.

The First Nations Languages of British Columbia - Especially useful for its bibliography lists on each of the featured languages.

List of extinct Uto-Aztecan languages

Map of pre-contact distribution of North American language families north of Mexico

The following table overview lists (in alphabetical order) links to online resource articles on North American native languages (i.e. ones from the modern day territory of the US and Canada). The alphabetical order is applied to both language families and the individual languages of each family. Only the language families accepted by current consensus are listed, hypothetical language families are noted where applicable. Major resource websites used for this overview include Omniglot.com, Native-languages.org, Wikipedia.org, ydli.org/ydindex & ydli.org/fnlgsbc (Yinka Déné Language Institute) and Cla.berkeley.edu (California Language Archive). Each language entry on the list includes useful vocabulary and phrases, downloadable materials and further useful and relevant links. Language families

Language family	Language or dialect	Vocabulary	Location	Notes
Algonkian (Algonquian) languages (Swadesh list 1 Swadesh list 2 Algonkian (Algonquian) names (1) Algonkian (Algonquian) names (2))	Abenaki (Alnôba) Abnaki-Penobscot (Abenaki language) Abenaki language	Abenaki and Penobscot terms Abenaki and Penobscot online dictionary Abenaki and Penobscot language resources Laurent, J.: New Familiar Abenakis and English Dialogues (1884)	Canada: Quebec USA: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire	- Eastern Algonquian languages - Named after its two major dialects, Abenaki and Penobscot. Abenaki had an eastern and western dialect, the eastern one is extinct.
	Algonquin (Anicinâbemowin) Algonquin Language (Algonkin, Anishnabe, Anishnabeg) Algonquin language	Algonquin terms Algonquin numbers	Canada: Quebec and Ontario,	Central Algonquian languages, Ojibwan group
	Arapaho (Hinónoʼeitíít) Arapaho (Arapahoe) Arapaho language	Arapaho dictionaries and language archives Arapaho phrases Arapaho terms Arapaho numbers Bambi in Arapaho !	USA: Wyoming, Oklahoma	Plains Algonquian languages, Arapahoan group
	Atikamekw Atikamekw (Attikamek, Tęte-de-boule) Atikamekw language	Atikamekw terms	Canada: southwestern Quebec	- Central Algonquian languages - A relative of Cree.
	Beothuk (Beothuck) Beothuk language	Beothuk terms	Canada: Newfoundland	- Extinct (in 1829). - Beothuk has never been classified while it was still in use, but it is generally assumed to be an Algonquian language.
	Blackfoot (Siksiká / ᓱᖽᐧᖿ) Blackfoot (Siksika, Peigan, Piegan, Kainai, Blackfeet) Blackfoot language	Blackfoot terms Blackfoot numbers	Canada: southern Alberta USA: Montana	Plains Algonquian languages
	Cheyenne (Tsėhesenėstsestotse) Cheyenne Cheyenne language	Cheyenne phrases Cheyenne terms Cheyenne sample texts Cheyenne dictionary Cheyenne online dictionary	USA: Montana and Oklahoma	Plains Algonquian languages
	Chippewa (Ojibwemowin) Chippewa (Ojibway, Anishinaabe, Ojibwa) Chippewa language	Ojibwe/Chippewa/Ojibway terms Chippewa language resources	USA: from upper Michigan westward to North Dakota	- Central Algonquian languages, Ojibwan group - Technically a dialect of Ojibwe/Ojibwa (see below).
	Cree (ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ / Nēhiyawēwin) Cree Cree language	Cree phrases Cree terms Other language materials Cree bibliography French-Cree dictionary (1874)	Canada: Northwest Territories, Alberta, Labrador USA: Montana	Central Algonquian languages, Cree-Innu languages
	Etchemin Etchemin language	Etchemin terms	USA: Maine	- Eastern Algonquian languages - Unclear classification within the Eastern Algonquian group, due to insufficient or confusing data. The language might not have existed, and might have been “created” by confusion with an existing Algonquian language or dialect by early European settlers who recorded it.
	Gros Ventre (Ahe, Ahahnelin, Aane, Atsina) Gros Ventre (Atsina) language	Gros Ventre (Atsina) terms	USA: Montana	Plains Algonquian languages, Arapahoan group
	Kickapoo (Kikapú) Kickapoo (Kikapoo, Kikapu) Kickapoo language	Kickapoo terms	USA: Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, historically Indiana, Minnesota	Central Algonquian languages
	Loup language Nipmuc language (based on Loup A)	Loup A Loup B	USA: Massachusetts, Connecticut	- Eastern Algonquian languages - Two known sets of vocabulary survive, known as Loup A and Loup B. “Loup” was a generic term of French origin for the many related native nationalities and languages in New England. It is unclear whether the Loup A or Loup B vocab sets are fragments of a lost dialect, or of a local Algonquian creole, or a misinterpreation of existing terms from known tongues. Loup A might be the original language of the Nipmuc. Both Loup A and Loup B went extinct in the 18th century.
	Lumbee (Croatan, Croatoan, Pamlico, Carolina Algonquian) Carolina_Algonquian_language (Lumbee, Croatan, Pamlico)	Lumbee terms	USA: Croatan island, North Carolina	- Eastern Algonquian languages - The language of the natives of Croatan island off the Carolina coast. They also developed a creole of Lumbee and English in later times. Extinct (by the 1790s).
	Maliseet-Passamaquoddy Malecite-Passamaquoddy language	Maliseet-Passamaquoddy terms Maliseet-Passamaquoddy online dictionary and language resources Chamberlin, M.: Maliseet Vocabulary (1899)	Canada: New Brunswick USA: Maine	- Eastern Algonquian languages - Named after its two major dialects, Maliseet (Malecite, Malecites, Malisit) and Passamaquoddy.
	Massachusett (Wôpanâak / Wampanoag) Wampanoag (Massachusett, Natick, Massassoit, Nantucket, Mashpee) Massachusett (Wampanoag) language	Massachusett (Wampanoag) terms Massachusett (Wampanoag) sample texts Massachusett (Wampanoag) audio recording of the Lord's Prayer (from this sound archive)	USA: Massachusetts	- Eastern Algonquian languages, Mohican-Loup group - Extinct, but undergoing a revival.
	Menominee (Omāēqnomenew) Menominee (menomini) Menominee (Menomini) language	Menominee terms	USA: northeastern Wisconsin	Central Algonquian languages
	Mesquakie-Sauk (Sac and Fox) Fox language (Mesquakie, Meskwaki, Sac and Fox), Sauk	Mesquaki-Sauk (Sac and Fox) terms	USA: central Oklahoma, northeastern Kansas, Iowa Mexico: Coahuilla	Central Algonquian languages
	Mohican (Mahican, Stockbridge, Wappinger) Mahican language	Mohican terms Names and relations of Mahican, Mohecan, Mohican, Mohegan, Stockbridge-Munsee	USA: New York state	Eastern Algonquian languages, Mohican-Loup group
	Miami (Myaamia) Miami-Illinois (Maumee, Myamia, Twightwee) Miami-Illinois language	Miami-Illinois terms	USA: Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Ohio, Oklahoma	Central Algonquian languages
	Michif Michif (Mitchif, Metis Creole, French Cree) Michif	Michif terms	Canada: Manitoba, Saskatchewan and northwestern Ontario USA: North Dakota	Central Algonquian languages, Cree-Innu languages - Creole language, developed from Cree and European languages (mainly French). The traditional dialect of the (Francophone) Métis.
	Mi'kmaq (Míkmawísimk) Mi'kmaq (Mi'kmawi'simk, Mi'kmaw, Micmac, Mikmaq) Mi'kmaq language	Míkmaq phrases Míkmaq terms Mi'kmaq numbers Mi'kmaq Online Talking Dictionary	Canada: Nova Scotia	Eastern Algonquian languages
	Mohegan Mohegan (Pequot) Mohegan-Pequot language	Mohegan (Pequot) terms Mohegan numbers Names and relations of Mahican, Mohecan, Mohican, Mohegan, Stockbridge-Munsee	USA: Connecticut Long Island, New York state	Eastern Algonquian languages, Mohican-Loup group
	Montagnais (Innu-Aimun) Montagnais Innu (Innu-Aimun, Innu Aionun) Innu (Innu-aimun, Montagnais) language	Montagnais terms Innu (Montagnais) numbers	Canada: Quebec, Labrador	- Central Algonquian languages, Cree-Innu languages - Montagnais and Naskapi are Innu dialects, both close relatives of Cree.
	Munsee (Huluníixsuwaakan) Munsee Delaware (Minsi, Muncey, Minisink) Munsee	Munsee terms	Canada: Ontario USA (historically): New York state, New Jersey, Pennsylvania	- Eastern Algonquian languages, Lenape-Renape (Delaware) group - Two major dialects, Munsee and Unami.
	Nanticoke Nanticoke language	Nanticoke terms	USA: Delaware, Maryland	Eastern Algonquian languages, Lenape-Renape (Delaware) group
	Narragansett (Nipmuc) Narragansett language	Narragansett terms	USA: Rhode Island	Eastern Algonquian languages, Mohican-Loup group
	Naskapi (ᐃᔪᐤ ᐃᔨᒧᐅᓐ / Iyuw Imuun) Naskapi Innu (Innu-aimun) Naskapi (Iyuw Iyimuun) language	Naskapi terms	Canada: Quebec, Labrador	- Central Algonquian languages, Cree-Innu languages - Montagnais and Naskapi are Innu dialects, both close relatives of Cree.
	Ojibwe (Anishinaabemowin / ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ) Ojibwe (Ojibway, Anishinaabemowin, Chippewa, Ojibwa) Ojibwe language	Ojibwe phrases Ojibwe/Chippewa/Ojibway terms Ojibwe numbers Ojibwe sample texts Chippewa language resources Ojibwe online dictionary Ojibwa audio recording of ceremonial song (from this sound archive)	Canada: Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, partly Alberta, British Columbia USA: Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, partly North Dakota, Montana	Central Algonquian languages, Ojibwan group
	Oji-Cree (Anishininiimowin / ᐊᓂᔑᓂᓂᒧᐏᐣ) Ojibwe (Ojibway, Anishinaabemowin, Chippewa, Ojibwa) Oji-Cree language	N/A	Canada: Ontario, Manitoba	Central Algonquian languages
	Ottawa (Nishnaabemwin / Daawaamwin) Ottawa (Odawa, Odaawa) Ottawa dialect		Canada: Ontario USA: Michigan, Oklahoma	- Central Algonquian languages, Ojibwan group - Technically a dialect of Ojibwe/Ojibwa.
	Potawatomi (Neshnabémwen) Potawatomi (Nishnabek, Pottawatomie, Pottawatomi) Potawatomi language	Potawatomi terms English to Potawatomi online dictionary	Canada: southern Ontario USA: Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin and Kansas	Central Algonquian languages
	Powhatan (Powatan, Powhattan) Powhatan language (Virginia Algonquian)	Powhatan terms	USA: Virginia	- Eastern Algonquian languages - Extinct (by the late 18th century).
	Quiripi (Quinnipiac, Unquachog, Wampano, Naugatuck, Mattabesic) Quiripi (Quiripi-Unquachog, Quiripi-Naugatuck, Wampano)	Quiripi sample text (17th century)	USA: central Long Island, New York state, southwestern Connecticut	- Eastern Algonquian languages - Extinct (by the early 20th century).
	Shawnee (Sawanwa) Shawnee (Shawano, Savannah, Sewanee) Shawnee (Ša˙wano˙ki) language	Shawnee terms Shawnee names	USA: central and northeastern Oklahoma, historically Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania	Central Algonquian languages
	Unami Unami (Lenape, Delaware, Lenni Lenape) Unami	Lenape (Unami) terms Lenape (Unami) numbers Lenape Talking Dictionary Lenape/English dictionary (also here) Historical examples, pronunciation and other resources for Lenape	USA: lower Delaware and Hudson rivers, New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania, some groups in Oklahoma	- Eastern Algonquian languages, Lenape-Renape (Delaware) group - Two major dialects, Munsee and Unami. Unami went extinct in 2002 (with its last fluent speaker), but there is a revival effort.
Algic isolates (distant relatives to all other Algonkian languages)	Wiyot Wiyot language Wiyot	Wiyot terms Wiyot resources and audio recordings	USA: California	One of two small isolates of the Algic language family, all other Algic langs are in the Algonkian subgroup. Extinct, but some revival attempts.
	Yurok (Puliklah) Yurok Yurok language Yurok	Yurok terms Yurok resources and audio recordings	USA: northwestern California	One of two small isolates of the Algic language family, all other Algic langs are in the Algonkian subgroup. Extinct, but undergoing a major revival.
Caddoan languages (Swadesh list, pre-contact map)	Arikara Arikara (Sanish, Arikari, Arickaree) Arikara language (Sáhniš)	Arikara terms Arikara numbers	USA: north-central North Dakota	- Northern Caddoan group, Pawnee-Kitsai subgroup, Pawnee languages branch
	Caddo (Has-sii'-nay) Caddo (Hatsinai) Caddo language (Hasí:nay)	Caddo terms Caddo numbers	USA: Caddo County, Oklahoma	- Caddo (proper) group - Several dialects: Hasinai and Hainai, Kadohadacho, Natchitoches and Yatasi
	Kitsai (K'itsash, Kichai, Keechi) Kitsai language (Kichai)	Kitsai terms	USA: west-central Oklahoma, eastern Texas	- Northern Caddoan group, Pawnee-Kitsai subgroup - Extinct (by 1940).
	Pawnee (Pâri) Pawnee Pawnee language	Pawnee terms Pawnee (Pâri) numbers	USA: north-central Oklahoma	- Northern Caddoan group, Pawnee-Kitsai subgroup, Pawnee languages branch
	Wichita Wichita (Witchita) Wichita language	Wichita terms	USA: west-central Oklahoma	- Northern Caddoan group - Extinct (as of 2016), but there is a revitalisation project.
Chimakuan languages	Chimakum Chemakum language (Chimakum or Chimacum)	N/A	USA: Olympic Peninsula, Washington	- Previously thought to be a language isolate, but now in the tiny Chimakuan language family, along with Quileute. - Extinct (by the 1940s).
	Quileute (Quillayute, Hoh) Quileute language (Quillayute)	Quileute terms	USA: Olympic Peninsula, Washington	- Previously thought to be a language isolate, but now in the tiny Chimakuan language family, along with Chemakum/Chimakum. - Extinct (by 1999), but there is a revival project.
Chumashan languages (Swadesh list; speculated to be part of the hypothetical "Hokan" family)	Barbareño language (Shmuwich, Šmuwič) Barbareño Ineseño (dialect)	Barbareño resources Ineseño dialect resources Ineseño dialect terms	USA: Santa Barbara, Santa Ynez, California	- Southern Chumash group, Central Chumash subgroup - Had a dialect, Samala (Sʰamala, Ineseño). - Extinct (by 1965), there are some revival efforts.
	Cruzeño (Isleño, Island Chumash) Island Chumash	Island Chumash resources	USA: Santa Barbara Channel Islands, Santa Cruz Island, San Miguel, Santa Rosa Island, southern California	- Southern Chumash group, Island Chumash subgroup - Extinct.
	Cuyama	N/A	USA: Cuyama and Sisquoc River, north San Joaquin Valley, California	- Interior Chumash group - Extinct. Little is known about the Interior Chumash languages.
	Emigdiano	N/A	USA: San Emigdio, Buena Vista Lake, Kern County, California	- Interior Chumash group - Extinct. Little is known about the Interior Chumash languages. Emigdiano seems to have been a variety or dialect of Barbareño, and influenced by the neighbouring non-Chumashan language Buena Vista Yokuts.
	Obispeño (Northern Chumash) Obispeño	Obispeño resources	USA: San Luis Obispo County, southern California	- Northern Chumash group - Extinct.
	Purisimeño language Purisimeño	Purisimeño resources and audio recordings	USA: Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, California	- Southern Chumash group, Central Chumash subgroup - Extinct.
	Ventureño language (Mitsqanaqa'n) Ventureño	Ventureño resources	USA: southern California (coastal areas)	- Southern Chumash group, Central Chumash subgroup - Extinct.
Eskimo–Aleut languages (Swadesh list 1 Swadesh list 2 Inuit names)	Aleut (Unangam Tunuu) Aleut (Unangan, Aleutian, Atkan) Aleut language (Unangam Tunuu)	Aleut terms (Eastern Aleut and Western Aleut) Aleut phrases Aleut sample texts	USA: Alaska (Aleutian Islands, Pribilof Islands, Commander Islands, Alaskan Peninsula) Russia: Commander Islands, Kamchatka Krai	- Aleut group - Two main dialect subgroups: Western-Central Aleut (Atkan, Attuan, Unangan, Bering) and Eastern Aleut (Unalaskan, Pribilof). Attuan is extinct.
	Alutiiq Alutiiq (Sugpiaq, Koniag, Chugach Eskimo) Alutiiq_language (Sugpiaq, Pacific Gulf Yupik, Koniag-Chugach)	Alutiiq phrases Alutiiq terms	USA: coastal Alaska	- Eskimo (Yupik-Inuit) group, Yupik subgroup - Two main dialects: Koniag Alutiiq and Chugach Alutiiq
	Central Alaskan Yup'ik (Yugtun) Yup'ik (Cup'ik, Yup'ik Eskimo) Yup'ik language (Central Alaskan Yup'ik)	Yup'ik terms Yugtun (Alsaka) script Central Alaskan Yup'ik sample texts	USA: western and southwestern Alaska	- Eskimo (Yupik-Inuit) group, Yupik subgroup - Three main dialects or branches: general central Alaskan Yup'ik, Chevak Cup’ik (Cup’ik, Cugtun) and Nunivak Cup'ig (Cup'ig, Cugtun)
	Central Siberian Yupik (Юпик) Yupik (Cup'ik, Yup'ik Eskimo)] Central Siberian Yupik language (Yuit)	language_help_-_native_american_languages	USA: St. Lawrence Island, Alaska Russia: Bering Strait	- Eskimo (Yupik-Inuit) group, Yupik subgroup - Two main dialects: Chaplino dialect (Uŋazigmit) and St. Lawrence Island Yupik (Sivuqaghmiistun)
	Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) Greenlandic language (Kalaallisut)	Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) phrases Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) sample texts English to Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) online dictionary	Denmark: Greenland	- Eskimo (Inuit-Yupik) group Inuit subgroup, Greenlandic branch - Three major dialects: Kalaallisut (West Greenlandic), Tunumiit oraasiat (East Greenlandic) and Inuktun (Avanersuaq, Polar Eskimo).
	Inuktitut Inuktitut (Eskimo/Inuit language) Inuktitut (ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ,Eastern Canadian Inuktitut)	Inuktitut terms Inuktitut terms Inuktitut phrases Inuktitut sample texts English to Inuktitut online dictionary	Canada: Northwest Territories, Newfoundland and Labrador (Nunatsiavut), Quebec (Nunavik), Nunavut USA: Alaska	- Eskimo (Inuit-Yupik) group, Inuit subgroup, Inuktitut branch - Several major dialects: Inuttitut (Inuttut, Labrador Inuktitut, Nunatsiavummiutut), Nunavik dialect (Nunavimmiutitut), North Baffin dialect (Qikiqtaaluk uannangani, Iglulingmiut), South Baffin dialect (Qikiqtaaluk nigiani), Aivilik dialect (Aivilingmiutut, Aivilimmiutut, Aivillirmiut, Kangiqłniq, East-Central Nunavut), Kivalliq_dialect (Kivallirmiutut, Caribou Eskimo, Keewatin, Southeast Nunavut)
	Iñupiaq (Inupiatun) Inupiaq language (Inupiat, Inupiatun, Iñupiatun, Inupiaqtun, Alaskan Inuit)	Iñupiaq (Inupiatun) phrases Interactive IñupiaQ Dictionary	USA: Big Diomede Island, Alaska Canada: Northwest Territories Russia: historically	- Inuit group, Inupiaq subgroup - Two major dialects: Qawiaraq (Seward Peninsula Inupiaq) and Inupiatun or Northern Alaska Inupiaq (the latter includes Uummarmiutun, Canadian Iñupiaq).
	Inuvialuktun (Western Canadian Inuit, Western Canadian Inuktitut, Western Canadian Inuktun)	Inuvialuktun phrases and terms (see page 14 of the syllabus)	Canada: Northwest Territories, Nunavut	- Eskimo (Inuit-Yupik) group, Inuit subgroup, Inuvialuktun branch - Three major dialects: Natsilik (Natsilingmiutut, Netsilik, Nattiliŋmiutut) (Nunavut), Siglitun (NWT) and Inuinnaqtun (NWT, Nunavut). The last one is speculated by some to be closely related to Inuktitut dialects too.
	Naukan Yupik (Naukan Siberian Yupik) language		Russia: Bering Strait region	Eskimo (Yupik-Inuit) group, Yupik subgroup
	Sirenik Eskimo language (Sireniki Yupik, Old Sirenik, Vuteen)		Russia: Bering Strait region, around Sireniki	- Eskimo (Yupik-Inuit) group, Yupik subgroup - Extinct (as of 1997).
Na-Dené (Dené, Athabascan) languages (Swadesh list)	Ahtna (Atnakenaege’) Ahtna (Atna, Copper River Athabascan) Ahtna language	Ahtna (Atnakenaege’) terms	USA: Copper River region, Alaska	- Northern Athabaskan languages, Southern Alaskan group - Has four major dialects: Lower Copper River dialect, Central Copper River dialect, Western Ahtna dialect and the Upper Ahtna dialect.
	Apache (eastern form) Eastern Apache	N/A	USA: New Mexico, historically also Texas	- Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) languages, Eastern Apachean group - Eastern Apache includes the Jicarilla (Abáachi mizaa) dialect and the extinct Lipan dialect.
	Apache (western form) Apache (Tinde, Nde, Ndee, Dine'e, Na'isha) Western Apache language	Western Apache terms Apache names	USA: southeastern Arizona	- Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) languages, Western Apachean group - Apache proper has two major subdivisions, Western and Eastern, with many regional dialects. Major offshoot dialects are Mescalero and Chiricahua (see further below), while minor dialects of Western Apache proper include Tonto, White Mountain, San Carlos and Cibecue.
	Babine-Witsuwit'en Babine-Wet'suwet'en (Northern Carrier, Takla) Babine-Witsuwit'en (Nadot’en-Wets’uwet’en) language Babine-Witsuwit'en	Babine-Witsuwit'en terms Babine-Witsuwit'en bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central British Columbian group
	Cahto (Kato) Cahto (Kato) language Cahto (Kato)	Cahto (Kato) terms	USA: Eel River, California	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Californian group - Extinct (since the 1960s). Related to Wailaki (Eel River) language.
	Chipewyan (Dënesųłıné / ᑌᓀᓱᐠᑦᕄᓀ) Chipewyan (Dene Suline) Chipewyan (Dënesųłiné, Dene Suline) language	Chipewyan phrases Chipewyan terms	Canada: northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, southern Northwest Territories and Nunavut	- Northern Athabaskan languages - Also includes the Yellowknife Dené dialect of the Yellowknife/Copper tribe (T'satsąot'ınę).
	Chilcotin (Tŝinlhqut’in) Chilcotin (Tsilhqot’in) Chilcotin language The Chilcotin language	Chilcotin bibliography	Canada: Chilcotin Plateau, British Columbia	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central British Columbian group
	Dakelh (Carrier) Carrier (Dakel, Dakelh) language	Carrier (Dakel, Dakelh) terms Carrier (Dakelh) sample texts Various language resources	Canada: central interior of British Columbia	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central British Columbian group
	Dane-zaa (Danezaa ZaageɁ / ᑕᓀᖚ ᖚᗀᐥ) Beaver (Dane-zaa, Dunne-za) Dane-zaa language The Beaver language	Beaver (Dane-zaa, Dunne-za) terms Beaver (Dane-zaa, Dunne-za) bibliography	Canada: British Columbia, Alberta	- Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group - Seven dialects, with high and low tone characteristics: Boyer River, Child Lake, Prophet River, Blueberry River, Doig River (high tone), Halfway River, West Moberly Lake (low tone).
	Deg Xinag (Degexit'an) Degexit'an (Ingalik, Deg Xinag, Deg Xit'an) Deg Xinag language	Deg Xinag (Degexit'an) terms Deg Xinag (Degexit'an) numbers	USA: lower Yukon River, Anvik River, Innoko River, Alaska	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group
	Eyak (I·ya·q) Eyak Eyak language	N/A	USA: mouth of Copper River, Cordova, south-central Alaska	- Na-Dene languages - Generally classified in its own group within the Na-Dené languages. Along with Haida and Tlingit, it is not within the family's Athabascan group.
	Galice (Nabiltse, Applegate Creek language)		USA: Taltushtuntede (Galice Creek) and Dakubetede (Applegate Creek), Oregon	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Oregonian group - Possible relatively of Tututni (see below). Extinct after the 19th century, few surviving records.
	Gwich'in (Dinjii Zhu’ Ginjik) (Gwichin, Kutchin, Tukudh) Gwich’in (Dinju Zhuh K’yuu) language	Gwich'in terms Gwich'in sample texts	Canada: Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory USA: Alaska	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group
	Haida Haida Haida language	Haida terms Haida numbers Haida bibliography	Canada: Haida Gwaii archipelago, British Columbia USA: Prince of Wales Island, Alaska	- Na-Dene languages - Generally classified in its own group within the Na-Dené languages. Along with Eyak and Tlingit, it is not within the family's Athabascan group. The relation of Haida to other Na-Dene languages is disputed, it might even be a partial isolate.
	Hän (Häł gołan) Han-Kutchin (Hankutchin, Hwech'in, Moosehide, Dawson) Hän language	N/A	USA: Alaska Canada: Yukon Territory,	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group
	Holikachuk (Innoko) Holikachuk (Doogh Qinag) language	N/A	USA: lower Yukon River, Innoko River, Alaska	- Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group - Extinct (by 2012).
	Hupa Hupa (Hoopa) Hupa (Na:tinixwe Mixine:whe') language Hupa	Hupa terms Hupa resources and audio recordings Chilula resources and audio recordings Whilkut resources and audio recordings	Hoopa Valley, California	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Californian group - Currently the only surviving living language of the Californian group.
	Jicarilla (Abáachi mizaa) Jicarilla Apache Jicarilla language	Jicarilla (Abáachi mizaa) terms Apache names	USA: New Mexico	- Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) languages, Eastern Apachean group - Relatives include Eastern Apache and the extinct Lipan.
	Kaska (Nahanni) Kaska language The Kaska language	Kaska terms Kaska (Nahanni) bibliography Course Materials for UBC Kaska Language Course	Canada: southwestern Northwest Territories, southeastern Yukon Territory, northern British Columbia	Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group, Kaskan (Central Cordillera) subgroup
	Koyukon (Denaakk'e) Koyukon (Ten'a) Koyukon (Denaakk'e) language	Koyukon (Denaakk'e) terms	USA: middle Yukon River, Koyukon River, Alaska	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group
	Kwalhioqua (Clatskanie, Tlatskanie, Klaatshan) Kwalhioqua-Clatskanie language	Clatskanie terms	USA: Washington	- Northern Athabaskan languages - Extinct (by the early 1930s). Had two major dialects: Kwalhioqua (with subdialects) and Clatskanie.
	Lipan Apache Lipan language	N/A	USA: New Mexico, Texas	- Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) languages, Eastern Apachean group - Extinct. Relatives include Eastern Apache and Jicarilla.
	Mattole (Bear River language) Mattole (Mattole-Bear River) language Mattole	Mattole (Bear River language) terms Mattole resources and audio recordings	USA: Mattole River, California	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Californian group - Extinct (since the 1930s).
	Mescalero-Chiricahua (Ndee bizaa) Mescalero Apache Chiricahua Apache Mescalero-Chiricahua language	Mescalero-Chiricahua (Ndee bizaa) terms Apache names	USA: New Mexico, Oklahoma	- Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) languages, Western Apachean group - Relatives include Western Apache and Navajo.
	Navajo (Diné Bizaad) Navajo (Diné) Navajo language	Navajo phrases Navajo number Family terms Navajo sample texts English to Navajo online dictionary WWII "Windtalker" glossary Star Wars in Navajo !	USA: Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah	- Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) languages - Possibly the largest Native American language in North America today, by number of speakers (ca 150 000). Closely related to both Western and Eastern Apache.
	Nicola Valley language (Stuwix)	Nicola Valley language (Stuwix) bibliography	Canada: Similkameen Valley and Nicola Valley, British Columbia	- Northern Athabaskan languages, Central British Columbian group - Extinct. Possibly a dialect of Chilcotin.
	Plains Apache Plains Apache Plains Apache language	N/A	USA: central Oklahoma (predominantly)	Southern Athabaskan (Apachean) languages - Forms a subgroup of its own in the Apachean group. Extinct as a living language, might see revitalisation. Sometimes called Kiowa-Apache, but this is a misleading term, as it has no relation to the language of the Kiowa.
	Sekani (Tsek'ehne, Sikanni) Sekani language The Sekani language	Sekani (Tsek'ehne, Sikanni) terms Sekani (Tsek'ehne, Sikanni) bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group
	Slavey language (northern form) Hare Tribe language Deline (Bear Lake) language Mountain Dene (Mackenzie, Tulita) language North Slavey language and its dialects The Slavey languages	Slavey languages bibliography	Canada: Northwest Territories	Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group, Slavey subgroup
	Slavey language (southern form) Slavey (Dene Tha, Hare, Slave) South Slavey language and its dialects The Slavey languages	Slavey languages bibliography	Canada: Northwest Territories,	Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group, Slavey subgroup
	Tagish Tagish language The Tagish language	Tagish bibliography	Canada: Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory	Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group, Kaskan (Central Cordillera) subgroup
	Tahltan Tahltan language The Tahltan Language	Tahltan bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group, Kaskan (Central Cordillera) subgroup
	Tanacross Tanacross language	N/A	USA: middle Tanana River, Alaska	- Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group - A relative of Tanana (see below).
	Tanana Tanana language	Tanana terms	USA: Alaska Canada: Yukon Territory	- Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group - Has two major dialects (or forms): Upper Tanana (Nebesna), Lower Tanana (Minto)
	Tanaina (Dena'ina, Kenaitze) Dena’ina (Tanaina) language	N/A	USA: Cook Inlet region, Lake Clark, Lake Iliamna, Alaska	Northern Athabaskan languages, Southern Alaskan group
	Tlingit (Lingít, Łingít) Tlingit Tlingit (Lingit) language The Tlingit language	Tlingit terms Tlingit numbers Tlingit pronunciation Tlingit bibliography Boas, F.: Tlingit and Tsimshian dictionaries (ca 1892)	USA: Alaska, Washington state Canada: British Columbia, Yukon Territory	- Na-Dene languages - Generally classified in its own group within the Na-Dené languages. Along with Eyak and Haida, it is not within the family's Athabascan group.
	Tłı̨chǫ (Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì, Dogrib) Dogrib Language (Tlicho, Tli cho Dinne, Thlingchadine) Dogrib language (Tłı̨chǫ, Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì)	Tłı̨chǫ (Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì, Dogrib) terms Tłı̨chǫ numbers Tłı̨chǫ sample texts	Canada: Northwest Territories	Northern Athabaskan languages, Northwest Canadian group
	Tolowa (Taa-laa-wa Dee-niʼ Wee-yaʼ) Tolowa (Hawuwut) Tolowa (Siletz Dee-ni) language Tolowa	Tolowa terms Tolowa numbers Tolowa resources and audio recordings	USA: southwest Oregon	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Oregonian group - Chetco is a variant of the language. It's often called Chetco-Tolowa.
	Tsetsaut (Ts'ets'aut) Tsetsaut language The Tsetsaut language	Tsetsaut bibliography	Canada: northern British Columbia	- Northern Athabaskan languages - Extinct.
	Tsúùt’ínà (Sarcee) Sarcee Language (Tsuu T'ina, Sarsi) Tsuut'ina language (Sarcee, Sarsi)	Tsúùt’ínà (Sarcee) terms Tsúùt’ínà (Sarcee) numbers	Canada: Alberta	Northern Athabaskan languages
	Tutchone (Dän k'í / Dän k'è) Tutchone (Selkirk) language Tutchone language	N/A	Canada: Yukon Territory	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group
	Tututni (Rogue River Athapaskan, Mishikhwutmetunne, Coquille) Tututni (Dotodəni) language	Tututni terms	USA: Oregon	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Oregonian group - Extinct (in the early 1980s), but there is a revival project. Major dialects include: Coquille, Tututni (proper), Euchre Creek and Chasta Costa.
	Umpqua (Upper Umpqua, Etnemitane) Upper_Umpqua_language		USA: Umpqua Valley, Oregon	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Oregonian group - Extinct in the 1950s.
	Upper Kuskokwim Language (Kolchan, Goltsan, McGrath) Upper Kuskokwim language	N/A	USA: middle Yukon River, Koyukuk River, Alaska	Northern Athabaskan languages, Central Alaska-Yukon group
	Wailaki (Sinkyone, Lassik, Nongatl, Eel River Athabaskan) Wailaki (Eel River) language Eel River Athabaskan (Nongatl, Sinkyone, Lassik, Wailaki)	Wailaki terms Wailaki resources and audio recordings Sinkyone resources and audio recordings Lassik resources and audio recordings Nongatl resources and audio recordings	USA: Eel River, California	- Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages, Californian group - Extinct. Its dialects were those of the Sinkyone, Wailaki, Nongatl, and Lassik tribes.
Iroquoian languages (Swadesh list 1 Swadesh list 2)	Cayuga (Goyogo̱hó:nǫ’) Cayuga language Cayuga language	Cayuga terms Cayuga numbers	Canada: Ontario USA: New York state	Northern Iroquoian languages, Lake Iroquoian group, Seneca-Onondaga subgroup
	Cherokee (ᏣᎳᎩ / Tsalagi) Cherokee (Tsalagi) Cherokee (Tsalagi Gawonihisdi) language	Cheroke phrases Cherokee terms Cherokee numbers English to Cherokee online dictionary English to Cherokee online dictionary Cherokee to English online dictionary Topically indexed Cherokee/English dictionary Other language materials Cherokee names	USA: Great Smoky Mountains and Qualla Boundary, North Carolina, east Oklahoma, Arkansas a community in California	Southern Iroquoian languages
	Erie Iroquois Erie people	language_help_-_native_american_languages	USA: western New York state, northwestern Pennsylvania, and northern Ohio (17th century)	Northern Iroquoian languages, Huronian group
	Laurentian (St. Lawrence River Iroquois, Stadaconan) Laurentian language	Laurentian terms	Canada: along the Saint Lawrence River, Quebec, Ontario (16th century)	Northern Iroquoian languages, otherwise unclear classification
	Mohawk (Kanien'keha) Mohawk (Kanienkehaka) Mohawk language	Mohawk terms Mohawk numbers Mohawk sample texts Other Mohawk language resources Mohawk names Iroquois names	Canada: Ontario, Quebec USA: northern New York state	Northern Iroquoian languages, Lake Iroquoian group, Mohawk-Oneida subgroup
	Nottoway Nottoway language	Nottoway terms	USA: Virginia	- Northern Iroquoian languages, Central Iroquoian group Extinct by ca 1838.
	Oneida (Onʌyotaʼa:ka) Oneida Oneida language	Oneida numbers and terms Oneida color terms Oneida animal terms Oneida body part terms	Canada: Ontario USA: Green Bay, Wisconsin, central New York state	Northern Iroquoian languages, Lake Iroquoian group, Mohawk-Oneida subgroup
	Onondaga (Onǫda’gegá’ / Onoñda’gegá’) Onondaga Onondaga language	Onondaga terms Onondaga audio recording Shea, J. G.: A French-Onondaga Dictionary	Canada: Ontario USA: central New York state	Northern Iroquoian languages, Lake Iroquoian group, Seneca-Onondaga subgroup
	Seneca (Onödowá'ga:') Seneca Seneca language	Seneca terms Seneca numbers Mingo dialect of Seneca (Ohio, West Virginia) Seneca and Mingo within the Iroquoian family context Seneca names	Canada: Ontario USA: western New York state	Northern Iroquoian languages, Lake Iroquoian group, Seneca-Onondaga subgroup
	Susquehannock (Susquehanna) Susquehannock (Conestoga)	Susquehannock terms	USA: New York state, Pennsylvania, Maryland	Northern Iroquoian languages, otherwise unclear classification
	Tuscarora (Ska:rù:rę') Tuscarora Tuscarora language	Tuscarora terms	Canada: southern Ontario USA: northwestern New York state, eastern North Carolina	- Northern Iroquoian languages, Central Iroquoian group - Few current native speakers.
	Wendat (Waⁿdat) Huron / Wyandot Wyandot language	Wyandot terms Wyandotte Language Lessons (non-profit license)	Canada: Quebec, Ontario USA: northeastern Oklahoma	Northern Iroquoian languages, Huronian group
Isolates (languages with no clear connections to larger families)	Adaizan (Tenánat Hadéyas) Adai language	Adaizan phrases Adai terms Adaizan numbers	USA: northwestern Louisiana	- Language isolate. - Also known as Adaizan, Adaizi, Adaise, Adahi, Adaes, Adees, Atayos.
	Cayuse (Waiilatpu) Cayuse language	N/A	USA: Oregon	- Language isolate. Some have speculated it might belong to or be a relative of the Caddoan languages (Pawnee, Caddo, etc.).
	Chimariko (Djimaliko) Chimariko language Chimariko	Chimariko (Djimaliko) terms Chimariko resources and audio recordings	USA: California	Probable language isolate, some put it under the hypothetical "Hokan" language family.
	Chitimacha (Čitimaaša) Chitimacha Chitimacha language	Chitimacha (Čitimaaša) terms	USA: southern Oklahoma	- Language isolate. Some have proposed a relation to the hypothetical Totozoquean languages family. - Extinct (since the 1940s).
	Esselen Esselen language Esselen	Esselen terms Esselen resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	Probable language isolate, some put it under the hypothetical "Hokan" language family.
	Haida Haida Haida language	Haida numbers Haida bibliography	Canada: Haida Gwaii archipelago, British Columbia USA: Prince of Wales Island, Alaska	Generally classified in its own group within the Na-Dené languages. Along with Eyak and Tlingit, it is not within the family's Athabascan group. The relation of Haida to other Na-Dene languages is disputed, it might even be a partial isolate.
	Karankawa Karankawa language	Karankawa terms	USA: coastal Texas (Galveston Island to Corpus Christi)	- Unclassified, possibly an isolate. - Extinct (in 1858), before classification could be undertaken.
	Keres (Keresan, Queresan, Queres) Keres language	Keres terms	USA: New Mexico	- Language isolate.
	Kootenay (Kootenai, Kutenai, Ktunaxa) Kutenai language The Kootenay language	Kootenai (Ktunaxa) terms Kootenai (Ktunaxa) bibliography	Canada: British Columbia USA: Montana, Idaho	- Language isolate.
	Natchez (Naacee) Natchez Natchez language	Natchez terms	USA: Mississippi, Louisiana, Oklahoma	- Language isolate. - Extinct in the 1950s, ongoing revival attempt by the early 2010s.
	Salinan Salinan language Salinan	Salinan terms Salinan resources and audio recordings	USA: central coast California	- Extinct. Two known dialects, Antoniaño and Migueleño. - Language isolate, probably. In the past, speculated to be part of a Salinan-Seri languages group in the hypothetical "Hokan" language family, but this has not been confirmed.
	Timucua Timucua	N/A	USA: northeast and north central Florida, southeast Georgia	- Language isolate. - Speculated by some researchers to be a distant relative of Muskogean, Arawakan and other language families, but none of this has been confirmed to date.
	Tonkawa Tonkawa language		USA: western Oklahoma, south-central Texas, New Mexico	- Language isolate. - Extinct (since the 1930s).
	Tunica (Luhchi Yoroni) Tunica language	Tunica numbers	USA: central and lower Mississippi valley, central Louisiana	- Language isolate. - Extinct (since the late 1940s), but there is a successful revitalisation effort.
	Washo (wá:šiw ʔítlu) Washo (Washoe) Washo language Washo	Washo terms Washo resources and audio recordings	USA: California, Nevada	- Language isolate, some put it under the hypothetical "Hokan" language family. - Endangered, but with revitalisation efforts.
	Yana (Yahi) Yana (Yanan) language Yana	Yana (Yahi) terms Yana (Yahi) resources and audio recordings	USA: northern and north-central California	- Language isolate, some put it under the hypothetical "Hokan" language family. - Extinct. Had four dialects: Northern Yana, Central Yana, Southern Yana and Yahi. A famous native Californian speaker of Yahi was Ishi, with whom the dialect died out in 1916.
	Yuchi/Euchee (yUdjEha) Yuchi (Euchee, Uchi, Yuchee, Tsoyaha) Yuchi language	Yuchi terms	USA: east central Oklahoma	- Language isolate.
	Zuni (Shiwi'ma, Zuñi) Zuni (Shiwi, Ashiwi) Zuni language	Zuni terms	USA: Arizona, New Mexico	- Language isolate.
Karok-Shasta languages (speculated to be part of the hypothetical "Hokan" family; "Hokan" family Swadesh list)	Achumawi (Achomawi, Pit River Indians) Achumawi language Achumawi	Achumawi terms Achumawi resources and audio recordings	USA: California	Palaihnihan subgroup
	Atsugewi (Hat Creek Tribe) Atsugewi language Atsugewi	Atsugewi terms Atsugewi resources and audio recordings	USA: California	- Palaihnihan subgroup - Extinct (since late 1980s).
	Karuk (araráhih) Karuk (Karok) Karuk language Karuk	Karuk phrases Karuk terms Karuk numbers Karuk Language Resources on the Web Karuk dictionary Karuk resources and audio recordings	USA: Klamath River area, northwest California	- Karok subgroup - Karok's closest related languages are Shasta and Chimariko. It is often classified as a member of the hypothetical "Hokan" language family's Karuk-Shasta group.
	Konomihu language Konomihu	Konomihu resources	USA: Salmon River, northern California	- Shastan languages subgroup - Extinct.
	New River Shasta language New River Shasta		USA: Salmon River, northern California	- Shastan languages subgroup - Extinct.
	Okwanuchu language Okwanuchu	N/A	USA: northern California	- Shastan languages subgroup - Extinct.
	Shasta Shasta language Shasta	Shasta terms Shasta resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	- Shastan languages subgroup. Shasta's closest related languages are Karuk and Chimariko. Often classified as a member of the hypothetical "Hokan" language family's Karuk-Shasta group. - Extinct (by the end of the 20th century).
Kiowa-Tanoan languages (Swadesh list 1, Swadesh list 2)	Kiowa Kiowa language (Cáuijògà)	Kiowa terms	USA: western Oklahoma	Kiowa group
	Tewa (Tano) Tewa language Article on Pueblo Languages (including Tewa)	Tewa terms Preservation of Tewa stories	USA: New Mexico	Tanoan group
	Tiwa Tiwa languages Article on Pueblo Languages (including Towa)	English to Tiwa online dictionary	USA: Arizona, Piro Pueblo, Taos Pueblo, Picuris Pueblo, New Mexico, Ysleta del Sur, El Paso, Texas	- Tanoan group - Several dialects or sublanguages: Piro (Piro Pueblo, New Mexico, extinct by the early 1900s), Taos (Taos Pueblo, New Mexico), Picuris (Picuris Pueblo, New Mexico), Southern Tiwa (Isleta Pueblo in New Mexico, Ysleta del Sur near El Paso, Texas), et al.
	Towa (Jemez) Jemez (Towa) language Article on Pueblo Languages (including Towa)	N/A	USA: New Mexico (Jemez Pueblo (Walatowa), historically also Pecos Pueblo)	- Tanoan group - Unique for not having any written form, as tribal rules forbid the practice.
Muskogean languages	Acolapissa	Choctaw terms (similar to Acolapissa)	USA: Louisiana	uncertain classification
	Alabama (Albaamo innaaɬiilka) Alabama Alabama language (Alibamu)	Alabama terms	USA: Oklahoma, Texas	- Eastern Muskogean group, Apalachee–Alabama–Koasati subgroup (Haas classification) - Northern Muskogean group (Munro classification) - Central Muskogean group, Alabama-Koasati subgroup (Kimball classification) (Kimball classification)
	Apalachee (Appalachee, Appalachi) Apalachee language	Apalachee terms	USA: Florida	- Eastern Muskogean group, Apalachee–Alabama–Koasati subgroup (Haas classification) - Southern Muskogean group, Southwestern Muskogean subgroup (Munro classification) - The only Muskogean language (i.e. not dialect) known to be extinct (during the early 18th century).
	Chickasaw (Chikasha) Chickasaw (Chikasha, Chickasha) Chickasaw language (Chikashshanompa, Chikashshanompa’)	Chickasaw (Chikasha, Chickasha) terms	USA: (mainly south central) Oklahoma	- Western Muskogean group (Haas classification) - Southern Muskogean group, Southwestern Muskogean group, Western branch (Munro classification) - Western Muskogean group (Kimball classification)
	Choctaw (Chahta Anumpa) Choctaw Choctaw language (Chahta, Chacato)	Choctaw phrases Choctaw terms Choctaw numbers Choctaw sample texts	USA: southeastern Oklahoma, east central Mississippi, Louisiana and Tennessee	- Western Muskogean group (Haas classification) - Southern Muskogean group, Southwestern Muskogean group, Western branch (Munro classification) - Western Muskogean (Kimball classification)
	Koasati (Kowassaati) Koasati Koasati language (Coushatta)	Koasati terms Koasati numbers	USA: Louisiana, Texas	- Eastern Muskogean group, Apalachee–Alabama–Koasati subgroup (Haas classification) - Southern Muskogean group, Southwestern Muskogean subgroup, Alabama–Koasati branch (Munro classification) - Central Muskogean group, Alabama-Koasati subgroup (Kimball classification)
	Mikasuki Miccosukee (Mikasuki, Hitchiti) Hitchiti Mikasuki language (Miccosukee, Mikisúkî, Hitchiti-Mikasuki)	Mikasuki (Miccosukee) terms Hitchiti terms	USA: Georgia, southern Florida	- Eastern Muskogean (Haas classification) - Southern Muskogean (Munro classification) - Central Muskogean (Kimball classification)
	Mvskoke (Creek) Muskogee (Creek, Seminole) Muscogee language (Mvskoke, Creek, Seminole, Maskókî, Muskogee, Maskoke)	Muskogee (Creek, Seminole) terms Mvskoke (Creek) numbers	USA: east central Oklahoma, south Alabama Creek, Florida	- Eastern Muskogean group (Haas classification, Kimball classification) - Northern Muskogean group (Munro classification)
Penutian languages (proposed/hypothetical language family; Swadesh list)	Alsea (Yaquina, Yakona, Alcea, Alse) Alsea_language	Alsea terms	USA: along Yaquina Bay, Yaquina River, Oregon (Yaquina dialect) along Alsea River and Yachats River, Oregon (Alsea dialect)	- Maritime Penutian group, Coast Oregon Penutian subgroup - Two dialects, Yaquina and Alsea, both extinct in the 20th century.
	Chico (Valley Maidu) language	N/A	USA: northern California	- Inland Penutian group, Maiduan (Maidun, Pujunan) subgroup - Extinct at some unknown date.
	Chinook (Tsinúk) Chinook (Coastal Chinook, Lower Chinook) Lower Chinook	Chinook terms	USA: mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon, Washington state	- Maritime Penutian group, Chinookan subgroup Dialects: Clatsop (Tlatsop), Shoalwater Bay dialect (Shoalwater, Chinook proper) and Chinook Jargon (see below).
	Wasco-Wishram (Upper Chinook, Kiksht, Clackamas) Upper Chinook language (Kiksht, Columbia Chinook, Wasco-Wishram)	Wishram terms	USA: Columbia River, Oregon	- Maritime Penutian group, Chinookan subgroup - Extinct (by 2012), but there are revival efforts since the 2000s. Several dialects, all extinct: Watlalla (Watlala, Cascades Chinook dialect), Hood River dialect, White Salmon dialect, Wasco-Wishram dialect, Clackamas, Multnomah (Sauvie Island dialect), and the not mutually intelligible Kathlamet (Katlamat, Cathlamet).
	Chinook Jargon (chinuk wawa) Chinook Jargon (Tsinuk Wawa) Chinook Jargon (Chinuk Wawa, Chinook Wawa, Chinook Lelang, Lelang) Chinook Jargon	Chinook Jargon (Tsinuk Wawa) terms	USA: Oregon, Washington	- Maritime Penutian group, Chinookan subgroup - Trade pidgin, developed from Chinook, English, French and the Nootka (Nuu-Chah-Nulth) language (from the Wakashan language family).
	Coos (Coosan, Hanis, Miluk) Coosan	N/A	USA: Coos Bay, Coos River, Oregon (Hanis dialect) Coos Bay, lower Coquille River, Oregon (Miluk dialect)	- Maritime Penutian group, Coast Oregon Penutian subgroup - Two dialects, Hanis and Miluk, both extinct in the 20th century.
	Kathlamet (Katlamat, Cathlamet) Kathlamet (Katlamat, Cathlamet)	Kathlamet terms (Katlamat, Cathlamet)	USA: Washington state, Oregon	- Maritime Penutian group, Chinookan subgroup - Extinct (by the 1930s).
	Klamath & Modoc (?ewksiknii & moowat'aakknii) Klamath-Modoc Klamath language (Klamath-Modoc)	Klamath-Modoc terms	USA: southern Oregon and northern California	Inland Penutian group, Plateau Penutian subgroup
	Konkow language (Koyoomk'awi, Concow-Maidu, Northwestern Maidu) Konkow	Konkow resources and audio recordings Recording of Konkow	USA: California	- Inland Penutian group, Maiduan (Maidun, Pujunan) subgroup - Revival efforts ongoing.
	Maidu (Maidun, Nisenan, Konkow) Maidu (Northeastern Maidu, Mountain Maidu) language Maidu	Maidu and Nisenan terms Maidu resources and audio recordings	USA: California	- Inland Penutian group, Maiduan (Maidun, Pujunan) subgroup - Extinct as a first language since 2007, but there's an ongoing revival with hundreds of new speakers. Currently the only extant language of the Maiduan subgroup.
	Molale (Molalla) Molala (Molele, Molalla)	Molale (Molalla) terms	USA: central Oregon and Washington state	- Inland Penutian group, Plateau Penutian subgroup - Extinct (by 1958).
	Nez Percé (Nimi'ipuu, Nimipu) Nez Perce (Nez Percé, Nezperce, Niimi'ipuutímt)	Nez Percé terms	USA: Idaho	Inland Penutian group, Plateau Penutian subgroup, Sahaptin branch
	Nisenan language (Southern Maidu, Neeshenam, Nishinam, Pujuni, or Wapumni) Nisenan	Maidu and Nisenan terms Nisenan resources and audio recordings	USA: central California	- Inland Penutian group, Maiduan (Maidun, Pujunan) subgroup - Extinct as a first language, but there's a smaller revival, including detailed documentation.
	Sahaptin (Shahaptin, Ichishkíin Sɨ́nwit)	Sahaptin terms Yakama dialect terms	USA: Washington state, Oregon, and Idaho	- Inland Penutian group, Plateau Penutian subgroup, Sahaptin branch - Several major dialects: Tenino (Warm Springs dialect, Celilo), Umatilla (Tamalúut), Walla Walla and Yakama (Yakima, Klickitat).
	Siuslaw (Lower Umpqua) Siuslaw language		USA: Siuslaw River, Siltcoos Lake, Oregon (Siuslaw dialect) Winchester Bay, lower Umpqua and Smith rivers, Oregon (Kuitsh dialect)	- Maritime Penutian group, Coast Oregon Penutian subgroup - Two dialects, Siuslaw and Kuitsh.
	Tsimshian (Sm’algya̲x) Coast Tsimshian (Sm'algyax) Coast Tsimshian dialect (Sm'álgyax) The Coast Tsimshian language	Coast Tsimshian (Sm'algyax) terms Coast Tsimshian (Sm’algya̲x) numbers Coast Tsimshian bibliography	Canada: northwest British Columbia USA: southeast Alaska	- Maritime Penutian group, Tsimshianic subgroup - The extant dialect of the two dialects of the Tsimshian language, the other being the recently extinct Southern Tsimshian (Sgüüx̣s, Ski:xs).
	Southern Tsimshian (Sgüüx̣s, Ski:xs, Old Klemtu) The South Tsimshian language	South Tsimshian bibliography	Canada: northwest British Columbia	- Maritime Penutian group, Tsimshianic subgroup - The extinct dialect of the two dialects of the Tsimshian language, the other being the extant Coast Tsimshian (Sm'algyax).
	Nisga’a (Nisg̱a’a) Gitxsan-Nisga'a (Nass-Gitksan) Nisga'a language The Nisga'a language	Nisga'a bibliography	Canada: northwest British Columbia	- Maritime Penutian group, Tsimshianic subgroup - One of the two dialects of the Nass–Gitksan group, both extant. Also known as Nass, Nisgha, Nisg̱a’a, Nishka, Niska, Nishga, Nisqa’a. (Warning: Do not use the Nisga'a dictionary link at n-l.org, it seems busted/compromised.)
	Gitxsan (Gitksanimx̱ / Gitx̱sanimx̱ / Gitx̱senimx̱) Gitxsan-Nisga'a (Nass-Gitksan) Gitxsan language The Gitksan language	Gitksan bibliography	Canada: Skeena region, British Columbia	- Maritime Penutian group, Tsimshianic subgroup - One of the two dialects of the Nass–Gitksan group, both extant. Also known as Gitxsanimaax, Gitksan, Giatikshan, Gityskyan, Giklsan.
Pomoan languages (speculated to be part of the hypothetical "Hokan" family; "Hokan" family Swadesh list)	Central Pomo Central Pomo Central Pomo language Central Pomo	Pomo terms (Central, Eastern and Northern Pomo) Central Pomo numbers Central Pomo resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	- Western Pomo group, Southern subgroup - Extinct (by 2016), but there is a transcription project since the early 2010s. Might be followed up by a revival.
	Eastern Pomo (Bahtssal) Eastern Pomo Eastern Pomo language Eastern Pomo	Pomo terms (Central, Eastern and Northern Pomo) Eastern Pomo resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	Eastern Pomo group
	Kashaya (Kʼahšá:ya) Kashaya (Kashia, Southwestern Pomo) Kashaya language (Southwestern Pomo, Kashia) Kashaya	Kashaya terms Kashaya resources and audio recordings	USA: Sonoma County, California	- Western Pomo group, Southern subgroup - One of only three currently extant Pomo languages, the other being Southeastern Pomo and Southern Pomo.
	Northeastern Pomo Northeastern Pomo language Northeastern Pomo	Northeastern Pomo resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	- Northeastern Pomo group - Extinct (by 1961).
	Northern Pomo Northern Pomo Northern Pomo language Northern Pomo	Pomo terms (Central, Eastern and Northern Pomo) Northern Pomo resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	- Western Pomo group, Northern subgroup - Extinct.
	Southeastern Pomo Southeastern Pomo (Elem Pomo, Lower Lake Pomo) Southeastern Pomo	Southeastern Pomo resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	- Southeastern Pomo group - Ongoing revival in the early 2010s. One of only three currently extant Pomo languages, the other being Kashaya (Southwestern Pomo) and Southern Pomo.
	Southern Pomo Southern Pomo Southern Pomo language	Southern Pomo resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	- Western Pomo group, Southern subgroup - Extinct (almost no speakers remain as of the early 2010s), though still considered extant, along with Southeastern Pomo and Kashaya (Southwestern Pomo).
Salishan languages (Swadesh list A Bibliography of Salish Linguistics Salishan names)	Coeur d'Alene (Snchitsu'umshtsn) Coeur d'Alene (Schitsu'Umsh, Skitswish) Coeur d'Alene (Cœur d'Alène, snchitsu'umshtsn) language	Coeur d'Alene (Schitsu'Umsh, Skitswish) terms	USA: northern Idaho	Interior Salish group, Southern Interior subgroup
	Columbian (Wenatchee) Columbia-Moses (Columbia-Wenatchi, Nxaảmxcín) language	Columbia-Wenatchi terms	USA: northern Idaho, eastern Washington state	Interior Salish group, Southern Interior subgroup
	Comox (Saɬuɬtxʷ / Salhulhtxw) Comox (Sliammon, Salhulhtxw) Comox language The Comox/Sliamon language	Comox/Sliamon bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, North-Central branch
	Cowlitz (Stl'pulimuhkl, Lower Cowlitz) Cowlitz language	Cowlitz terms	USA: southwestern Washington	- Coast Salish group, Tsamosan subgroup, Maritime Tsamosan branch - Extinct (by 1990). Close to Upper Chehalis (see below). There is no Upper Cowlitz language, as the Upper Cowlitz tribe spoke a different language altogether.
	Halkomelem (Halq̓eméylem) Halkomelem Halkomelem (Halq̓eméylem, Hul̓q̓umín̓um̓, Hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓) language The Halkomelem Language	Halkomelem terms Halkomelem language lessons Halkomelem bibliography	Canada: southwestern British Columbia USA: northern Washington	Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, South-Central branch
	Klallam (Nəxʷsƛʼayʼəmúcən) Klallam (Clallam, S'Klallam) Klallam language (Clallam, Na'klallam, S'klallam, Nəxʷsƛ̓ay̓əmúcən) The Klallam language	Klallam terms Klallam bibliography	USA: Washington state	Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, South-Central and Straits branch
	Lillooet (St'át'imcets, Stl'atl'imx) Lillooet language (St’át’imcets) The Lillooet language	Lillooet bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Interior Salish group, Northern Interior subgroup
	Lower Chehalis Lower Chehalis language	Lower Chehalis terms	USA: south of the Olympic Peninsula, Washington state	- Coast Salish group, Tsamosan subgroup, Inland Tsamosan branch - Extinct at some point in history, exact date unknown.
	Lushootseed (dxʷləšúcid) Lushootseed (Whulshootseed, Puget Sound Salish) Lushootseed	Lushootseed terms	Canada: southern British Columbia USA: northern Washington	- Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup - Also known as xʷəlšucid, dxʷləšúcid, Puget Salish, Puget Sound Salish or Skagit-Nisqually.
	Nooksack Nooksack (Lhéchalosem) language	Nooksack terms	USA: Whatcom County, Washington state	- Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, South-Central branch - Extinct (in the late 1980s), the revival project had its first new fluent speaker by 2010.
	Northern Straits Salish (Samish, Lummi, Saanich) North Straits Salish language Saanich (SENĆOŦEN)	Straits Salish terms (in the Luumi, Saanich and Samish dialects) Saanich vocabulary	Canada: Vancouver Island, British Columbia USA: Washington state	- Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, South-Central and Straits branch - Several dialects, only two with active speakers: Lummi (extinct), Saanich, Samish (extinct), Semiahmoo (SEMYOME, Tah-tu-lo) (extinct), T'sou-ke (Sooke) (extinct), Songhees
	Nuxalk Nuxalk (Bella Coola, Salmon River Salish) Nuxalk (Bella Coola) language The Nuxalk language	Nuxalk terms Nuxalk bibliography	Canada: Bella Coola area, Central Coast region, British Columbia	Bella Coola group
	Okanagan (Nselxcin, Colville, Nespelem, Sanpoil) Okanagan (Colville-Okanagan) language The Okanagan/Colville language	Okanagan terms Okanagan/Colville bibliography	USA: southern interior of British Columbia USA: central-northern parts of Washington state	Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, South-Central branch
	Pentlatch (Qualicum) Pentlatch language The Pentlatch language	Pentlatch bibliography	Canada: Vancouver Island, British Columbia	- Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, North-Central branch - Extinct (by 1940), an though documented by Franz Boas, there is little research bibliography.
	Quinault Quinault language	Quinault terms	USA: Olympic Peninsula, Washington state	- Coast Salish group, Tsamosan subgroup, Inland Tsamosan branch - Extinct at some point in the 20th century. A few native speakers still know some vocabulary.
	Sechelt Sechelt language The Sechelt Language	Sechelt bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, North-Central branch
	Shuswap (Secwepmec, Secwepemctsin) Shuswap language (Secwepemctsín) The Shuswap language (Secwepmectsín)	Shuswap bibliography	Canada: central and southern interior of British Columbia	Interior Salish group, Northern Interior subgroup
	Spokane/Kalispel/Flathead Salish Salish (Séliš) Salish-Spokane-Kalispel language (Séliš, Montana Salish)	Spokane/Kalispel/Flathead Salish terms	USA: Montana, Washington	- Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, South-Central branch - Kalispel is also known as Pend d'oreille and Flathead is often called Salish proper. (So many names, LOL. )
	Squamish Squamish language (Sḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim) The Squamish language	Squamish bibliography Squamish language resources Squamish resources (ortography) Squamish resources (phonology) Squamish sample texts	Canada: British Columbia	Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup, South-Central branch
	Tillamook Tillamook language	Tillamook online dictionary	USA: northwestern Oregon	- Coast Salish group - Extinct (since the 1970s), Tillamok community members and researchers have created a 120 page dictionary.
	Thompson River language (Nlaka'pamux) Thompson language (Thompson River Salish, Nlaka'pamuctsin) The Thompson language	Thompson River Salish (Nlaka'pamux) bibliography	Canada: British Columbia USA: Washington state	Interior Salish group, Northern Interior subgroup
	Twana (Skokomish) Twana language (təw'ánəxʷ, Skokomish)	Twana terms	USA: east of the Puget Sound, Washington state	Coast Salish group, Central Coast Salish subgroup
	Upper Chehalis Upper Chehalis language (Q̉ʷay̓áyiłq̉)	N/A	USA: south of the Olympic Peninsula, Washington state	- Coast Salish group, Tsamosan subgroup, Maritime Tsamosan branch - Extinct (by 2001). Placed more closely to Cowlitz.
Siouan languages (Swadesh list)	Assiniboine (Nakoda / Nakota)	Assiniboine numbers	Canada: southern Saskatchewan USA: Montana	Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Dakotan branch
	Biloxi Biloxi language	Biloxi terms	USA: Mississippi, Louisiana	- Western Siouan group, Ohio Valley subgroup, Mississippi Siouan branch - Extinct (in the 1930s).
	Catawba Catawba (Katapa) language	Catawba (Katapa) terms Catawba dictionary	USA: South Carolina	- Eastern Siouan (Catawban) group - Extinct (by the early 1960s), but there is a revival effort.
	Chiwere (Iowa-Otoe-Missouri) Chiwere language	Chiwere (Otoe) terms	USA: Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas	- Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Chiwere–Winnebago branch - Extinct (by 1996), with a revival effort. Its closest relative Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) is still spoken.
	Crow (Apsáalooke) Crow (Apsaaloke, Apsaroke, Absarokee)	Crow phrases Crow terms Crow numbers	USA: southern Montana	Western Siouan group, Missouri River subgroup
	Hidatsa (Hiraaciré’) Hidatsa terms	Hidatsa terms Hidatsa numbers	USA: North and South Dakota, Montana	Western Siouan group, Missouri River subgroup
	Ho-Chunk (Hocak, Hocąk, Winnebago) Winnebago language	Ho-Chunk (Hocak) terms Winnebago audio recording of flute song 1 Winnebago audio recording of flute song 2 (from this sound archive)	USA: Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, Illinois and Minnesota	- Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Chiwere–Winnebago branch - Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) is still extant, though with a smaller number of speakers, but its closest relative Chiwere (see above) is extinct.
	Kaw (Kansa, Kanza) Kansa language	Kaw (Kansa, Kanza) terms	USA: Kansas, Oklahoma	- Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Dhegihan branch - Extinct (by 1983), but there is a revival effort.
	Mandan Mandan language	Mandan terms	USA: North Dakota	Western Siouan group, Mandan subgroup - Extinct as a first language very recently (2016), but there is an ongoing revival effort to generate new fluent speakers.
	Ofo (Ofogoula, Ofoe) Ofo language (or dialect)	Ofo terms	USA: Mississippi	- Western Siouan group, Ohio Valley subgroup, Mississippi Siouan branch - Extinct at some point in the late 17th century, possibly due to tribal warfare. Seems to be a relative of Biloxi.
	Omaha-Ponca (Cegiha, Dhegiha) Omaha–Ponca language	Omaha-Ponca terms	USA: Nebraska and Oklahoma	Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Dhegihan branch
	Osage (Wazhazhe) Osage (Wazhazhe ie) language	Osage (Wazhazhe) terms	USA: Oklahoma	- Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Dhegihan branch - Extinct (by 2005), but there is a revival effort. A new alphabet standard for the language (based on the Latin script) was devised in 2006 and is now available in Unicode.
	Quapaw (Alkansea, Arkansas, Ogahpah, Kwapa) Quapaw (Arkansas) language	Quapaw (Arkansas) terms	USA: Oklahoma, Arkansas	Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Dhegihan branch
	Sioux (Dakota, Lakota) Sioux language Lakota (Lakhota, Teton, Teton Sioux) language Dakota (Dakhótiyapi, Dakȟótiyapi) language	Lakota phrases Lakota terms Dakota sample texts Sioux language resources Sioux names	USA: northern Nebraska, southern Minnesota, North and South Dakota and northeastern Montana parts of Canada	Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Dakotan branch
	Stoney (Nakoda) Stoney (Nakota, Nakoda, Isga)	Stoney terms	Canada: Alberta	- Western Siouan group, Mississippi Valley subgroup, Dakotan branch - Only major group of Siouan speakers wholly in Canadian territory.
	Woccon Woccon language	Woccon terms	USA: North Carolina	- Eastern Siouan (Catawban) group - Extinct by the early 18th century. Only a small vocabulary of some 143 words survives, recorded in a printed publication from 1709. A factor in the language's early extinction was the conquest and assimilation of the Woccon by the Tuscarora.
Uto-Aztecan languages (Swadesh list)	Comanche (nʉmʉ tekwapʉ̱) Comanche (Numinu) Comanche	Comanche words and phrases Comanche terms	USA: Oklahoma, historically also Texas, New Mexico, Kansas, Colorado	Northern U-A languages, Central Numic division
	Chemehuevi Chemehuevi	Chemehuevi terms	USA: Great Basin, western United States	Northern U-A languages, Southern Numic division
	Cupeño (Kupangaxwichem) Cupeño Cupeño	Cupeño terms Cupeño resources	USA: southern California	- Northern U-A languages, Takic Cupan division - Extinct
	Hopi (Hopilàvayi) Hopi Hopi	Hopi terms Hopi numbers	USA: northeastern Arizona	Northern U-A languages
	Ivilyuat (ʔívil̃uʔat / 'Ívillu'at) Ivilyuat (Cahuilla / Iviatim) Ivilyuat / Cahuilla Cahuilla	Ivilyuat / Cahuilla terms Ivilyuat / Cahuilla resources and audio recordings	USA: southern California (Coachella Valley, San Gorgonio Pass, San Jacinto Mountains)	Northern U-A languages, Takic Cupan division
	Kawaiisu (Nɨwɨ'abigidɨ / Nüwü'abigidü) Kawaiisu (Tehachapi, Nuooah) Kawaiisu Kawaiisu	Kawaiisu terms Kawaiisu resources and audio recordings	USA: southern Sierra Nevada range, California	Northern U-A languages, Southern Numic division
	Kitanemuk Kitanemuk Kitanemuk	N/A	USA: southern California (San Gabriel Mountains and foothills)	- Northern U-A languages, Takic Serran division - Extinct
	Luiseño (Cham'teela) Luiseño (Cham'teela) Luiseño Luiseño	Luiseño (Cham'teela) terms Luiseño resources and audio recordings	USA: southern California	Northern U-A languages, Takic Cupan division
	Mono Mono (Monache) Mono language Mono	Mono (Monache) terms Mono (Monache) resources and audio recordings	USA: central California	Northern U-A languages, Western Numic division
	Northern Paiute Northern Paiute (Paviotso, Bannock) Northern Paiute	Northern Paiute terms Northern Paiute resources and audio recordings	USA: Nevada, California, Oregon, Idaho	Northern U-A languages, Western Numic division
	Oʼodham (Oʼodham ñiok) Tohono O'odham (Papago) & Akimel O'odham (Pima) Oʼodham	Oʼodham terms Oʼodham numbers	USA: southern Arizona Mexico: northern Sonora	Southern U-A languages, Tepiman division
	Serrano (Maarrênga'twich) Serrano Serrano Serrano	Serrano phrases Serrano terms Serrano resources and audio recordings	USA: southern California	- Northern U-A languages, Takic Serran division - Extinct
	Shoshone (Sosoni' da̱i̱gwape)	Shoshone terms Shoshone online dictionary	USA: Nevada (Western Shoshone), Utah (Gosiute), southern Idaho and northern Utah (Northern Shoshone), Wyoming (Eastern Shoshone)	Northern U-A languages, Central Numic division
	Tataviam Tataviam (Alliklik)	Tataviam resources	USA: southern California	Northern U-A languages, Takic division
	Timbisha (Tümpisa) / Panamint / Koso Timbisha / Panamint Timbisha Panamint	Timbisha / Panamint terms Timbisha numbers Timbisha / Panamint resources and audio recordings	USA: eastern California (Death Valley, Owens Valley)	Northern U-A languages, Central Numic division
	Tongva (Gabrieleño) Gabrieleño (Kizh, Tongva) Tongva Gabrielino	Tongva (Gabrieleño) terms Tongva numbers Gabrielino (Tongva) resources	USA: southern California	Northern U-A languages, Takic division
	Tubatulabal Tübatulabal Tubatulabal	Tübatulabal terms Tübatulabal resources and audio recordings	USA: Kern River, California	- Northern U-A languages - Extinct
	Ute (Southern Paiute)	Ute (Southern Paiute) terms	USA: Utah, Nevada, Colorado and Arizona	Northern U-A languages, Southern Numic division
	Yaqui Yaqui (Yoeme)	Yaqui terms Yaqui numbers English to Yaqui online dictionary Yaqui/Hiaki Language Dictionary	(also Sonora and Sinaloa in Mexico) USA: Arizona	Southern U-A languages
Wakashan languages (Swadesh list)	Ditidaht (diid̓iitidq) Ditidaht language	Ditidat bibliography	Canada: Vancouver Island, British Columbia	Southern Wakashan group
	Haisla (X̄a'’islak̓ala / X̌àh̓isl̩ak̓ala) Haisla Haisla language, (X̄a’islak̓ala, X̌àh̓isl̩ak̓ala) The Haisla language	Haisla terms Haisla bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Northern Wakashan group
	Heiltsuk (Haiɫzaqvla) Oowekyala (’Uik̓ala) Heiltsuk (Bella Bella) Heiltsuk-Oowekyala language The Heiltsuk-Oweek'ala language	Heiltsuk language audio and school resources Heiltsuk terms Heiltsuk bibliography	Canada: Central Coast region, British Columbia	- Northern Wakashan group - The Heiltsuk-Oowekyala language is divided into the Heiltsuk dialect (Haíɫzaqv, Bella Bella and Haihais) and the Oowekyala dialect (Ooweekeeno, Wuikyala).
	Kwak̓wala Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala, Kwakwaka'wakw) Kwak'wala language The Kwakw'ala language	Kwakiutl terms Kwakw'ala bibliography	Canada: Queen Charlotte Strait	Northern Wakashan group
	Makah (qʷi·qʷi·diččaq) Makah Makah language	Makah terms	USA: northwestern corner of Olympic Peninsula, Washington state	Southern Wakashan group - Extinct in 2002, but survives as a second language and is undergoing a revival.
	Nuu-Chah-Nulth (Nuučaan̓uł / T'aat'aaqsapa) Nuu-Chah-Nulth (Nootka) Nuu-chah-nulth language Nuuchanulth language (Nootka)	Nootka terms Nuu-Chah-Nulth (Nootka) bibliography	Canada: British Columbia	Southern Wakashan group
Wintuan languages (speculated by some to be part of the Penutian family, but newer evidence suggests looser ties)	Nomlaki Nomlaki (Noamlakee, Central Wintu) Nomlaki	Nomlaki terms Nomlaki resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California	- Northern Wintuan group - Extinct at some point, but there is a partial speaker in the 2010s.
	Patwin Patwin language (Patween) Patwin	Patwin terms Patwin resources and audio recordings	USA: northern California (Colusa, Lake, Napa, Solano, and Yolo Counties)	- Southern Wintuan group - Extinct by around 2003, but there is a revival effort. This is the only currently extant Wintuan language. Three main dialects: River Patwin (Sacramento River, Colusa County), Hill Patwin (hills and plains in the lang's western range) and Southern Patwin (rather poorly documented).
	Wintu (winthu:h) Wintu (Wintun) Wintu language (Wintu proper, Northern Wintu) Wintu	Wintu terms Wintu resources and audio recordings	USA: Shasta County, Trinity Country, California	- Northern Wintuan group - Extinct by around 2003, but there is a revival effort in progress since 2011.
Yuki-Wappo languages	Wappo Wappo language (Ashochimi)	Wappo terms	USA: Alexander Valley, California	- Extinct (by 1990). - Initially thought to be a language isolate, it was placed along with Yuki into the Yuki-Wappo language family, due to them being distantly related.
	Yuki Yuki language (Ukiah, Ukomno'm)	Yuki terms	USA: Eel River area, California	- Extinct (in the 20th century). - Initially thought to be a language isolate, it was placed along with Wappo into the Yuki-Wappo language family, due to them being distantly related.
Yuman-Cochimí languages (Y-C are speculated to be part of the hypothetical "Hokan" family; Swadesh list 1 Swadesh list 2)	Cocopah (Cocopah) Cocopah language	Cocopah (Cocopah) terms	USA: Arizona	Core Yuman group, Delta-Californian subgroup
	Havasupai-Yavapai-Hualapai language (Pai, Walapai) Havasupai–Hualapai (Havasupai–Walapai) language	Havasupai terms	USA: Arizona	Core Yuman group, Pai (Upland Yuman) subgroup - Two dialects, Havasupai and Hualapai (Walapai), spoken by the eponymous two tribes. Sometimes referred to collectivelly as the Pai language.
	Kumeyaay (Diegueńo, Tipai, Kumiai) Kumeyaay language Kumeyaay	Kumeyaay terms Kumeyaay resources and audio recordings	USA: California	Core Yuman group, Delta-Californian subgroup
	Maricopa Maricopa (Piipaash) Maricopa	Maricopa terms Maricopa resources and audio recordings	USA: Arizona	Core Yuman group, River Yuman subgroup
	Mohave (Mojave) Mojave (Mohave) language Mojave	Mojave terms Mojave resources and audio recordings	USA: California, Arizona	Core Yuman group, River Yuman subgroup
	Quechan/Yuma Quechan (Kwtsaan, Yuma) language Quechan	Quechan/Yuma terms Quechan/Yuma resources and audio recordings	USA: California, Arizona	- Core Yuman group, River Yuman subgroup - Not to be confused with the Quechua languages of South America.

A few notes on some ambiguities of language family classification:
To date, the classification of some North American native language families has not been entirely closed. This counts especially for some of the native languages of the western and southern United States, and western Canada. Some language families, such as Hokan, Penutian, “Gulf” and others are currently considered “hypothetical” or “proposed” by the professional linguistic community. The language overviews provided in the table above reflect this unresolved nature of the research.

For example: Some language branches speculated to fit under Hokan are listed separately here, and the individual languages speculated to fit under Hokan are listed as language isolates. However, each of these entries includes a note that they are hypothesised to belong under “Hokan”. Whether Hokan is a concise interrelated language family still remains controversial among linguists, even after many decades of research, and our decision is to not present it as a language family until the issues are fully cleared up.

The “Penutian” language family is generally approached as less theoretically nebulous (when compared with Hokan), and though it has undergone revisions, is listed as a substantial language family (for simplicity's sake). The classification used for the Penutian family in this overview is based on the latest classification revision by Scott DeLancey (bear in mind there can be minor variations to this system, depending on the linguist). The “Gulf” languages are listed as isolates for now, as their relation to the proposed language family is still undergoing research and revision.

Languages and cultures of present-day Mexico: Traditional names

English to Mayan (Yucatec) - A dictionary.

The Dictionary of the Taino language - Reliable, but may include a few goofs.

The following table lists links to articles on Central American and Caribbean native languages at Omniglot.com and Native-languages.org, including lists with useful phrases, downloadable materials and further useful and relevant links.

The following table lists links to articles on South American native languages at Omniglot.com, including lists with useful phrases, downloadable materials and further useful and relevant links.

Natives - Useful resources on native cultures around the world, including Native American cultures.

Points of Divergence: Native Americans - A collection of PODs focusing on Native American cultures.

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