Remembering When the Cold War Ended
Those Was the Times What Was Netlog, by Hippolyta “Hip” O’Campus
Those who grew in the Cold War will never forget it. It was like having a sword perpetually hanging over your head at all times, Armageddon in 30 minutes or less or your money back. Whether it was the Cuban Missile Crisis for the Boomers or
The Day After for Gen X, we all quietly suspected that we’d be radioactive mutants battling killer cockroaches in a
Mad Max like wasteland by the time we hit 30.
And then, in a blink of an eye, it was over. Not in a series of nuclear clouds rising on the horizon, but a series of political events, some flashy and headline-grabbing, some barely noticed amid the usual chaos of life.
New York Times, November 9th, 1989 (Image source New York Public Library)
Most famous was, of course, the fall of the Berlin Wall in November of 1989. In hindsight it turned out to be a bureaucratic mistake, but once it started, the cards began to fall on the shaky house of cards that was the Warsaw Pact. Sure, not everyone was celebrating – a few dedicated Leninists and Stalinists looked on as though it were a literal Armageddon – but most in the world watched enraptured as the people of Berlin, East and West, stood atop the once-deadly barrier and chipped away at it, like they were debriding the last of the scar tissue from World War II.
This would be the start of the collapse of the Eastern Bloc. When anticommunist uprisings began in places like Poland and Romania, Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev declined to invoke the old Brezhnev Doctrine and send in the tanks. He let the change happen, and it ultimately cost him dearly, but that’s a story for later.
And yet something even bigger than the Fall of the Wall happened early that December, even when nobody recognized it at the time. Even the largest newspapers hardly gave it much notice at the time, little more than a small column on the front page, if that. On December 2nd and 3rd, 1989, US President Bush and Premier Gorbachev met in Malta, Bush assuring the many skeptics in the West that Gorbachev would negotiate in good faith. Nothing was signed, nothing was formal, but what was accomplished was sublime.
The Malta Summit brought an end to the Cold War.
At the meeting Gorbachev agreed in principle to the formal reunification of Germany. He agreed to not oppose the end of the Warsaw Pact. He and Bush agreed to work openly together to deescalate tensions and begin denuclearization efforts, resulting in the START I & II Treaties. They in all but words agreed to call an end to nearly 50 years of post-WWII animosity.
Monument to the Malta Summit
Said Gorbachev: “The world is leaving one epoch and entering another. We are at the beginning of a long road to a lasting, peaceful era. The threat of force, mistrust, psychological and ideological struggle should all be things of the past,” and “I assured the President of the United States that I will never start a hot war against the USA.”
Said Bush: “We can realize a lasting peace and transform the East-West relationship to one of enduring co-operation. That is the future that Chairman Gorbachev and I began right here in Malta.”
And for once the two formerly belligerent powers meant every word.
It wasn’t the end of war. Just two weeks later the United States would invade Panama in an effort to topple President Manuel Noriega, himself a vestige of the Cold War Great Power struggle.
New York Times, December 20th, 1989
It also wasn’t, as some at the time were predicting, an “end to history”. But for a moment in time the people of the world could take a deep breath, perhaps only just then realizing how much the tensions of the Cold War weighed down upon them, and celebrate Peace on Earth and Goodwill towards Men (and Women!).