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Part X: Scylla & Charybdis / Meta-Discussion: 1996
  • Part X: Scylla and Charybdis

    “Time is the longest distance between two places.” – Tennessee Williams


    Setting the Stage 9: Boom Time

    1996. It’s a boom time, baby!


    “Heeeyyyyy…getoutamyhead!”

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    (Image source PBS)

    The stock market is blowing up! In October the Dow Jones Industrial Average will break 6,000 for the very first time in October. Cell phones are starting to gain wider use, though pagers remain the principal remote way to get in touch (I hope you remembered a quarter for the pay phone!). New technologies will appear, including that new “Internet” thing that even your average family is starting to explore, because it’s not just for computer nerds anymore! AOL is sending out disks with free trials. First hit’s free, kid.

    And this sudden, exponential increase in online visitation will change the face of the internet as new websites spring up to meet new demands that nobody knew that they had, offering a plethora of all new opportunities for shopping, porn, job hunting, porn, dating, porn, email, porn, chat rooms, porn message boards, porn, educational resources, porn, political discussions, porn, maps, porn, online gaming, porn, fandom sites, porn, software downloads, porn, pirated software, porn, radical political echo chambers, porn, funny cat pictures, porn, viruses and trojan horses, porn, and, if you really know where to look, porn…porn of all types and varieties and subjects until Rule 34 of the Internet becomes Established Law and it becomes a serious challenge to not accidentally stumble across porn[1].


    Oh, and ads. Lots and lots of ads. From obnoxious pop-ups to obnoxious banners to obnoxious redirections to websites you never wanted to visit, occasionally boobytrapped to spring up the second you close a window.

    And yes, many of them led to the nastiest porn.

    Did I mention the porn?

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    To this day I have no idea WTF the points of these gifs are (Image sources Print Magazine, Imagur, & Tenor)

    But not to forget the real stars of the early internet (other than porn): lots and lots of silly, pointless, mindless shit[2] so silly and dumb and mindless that you are compelled to forward it until it becomes a “viral sensation”. Usually involving cats. Glad we evolved beyond all of that![3]

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    “I bring you the songs of Easily Marketable Love and Romance”

    America celebrates its success in Global Hegemony, Technology, and Economics by dancing the “Macarena” in the newest and most ubiquitous and all-devouring dance craze since the Charleston. Other top hits tended towards R&B and soul singles from Mariah Carey & Boyz II Men, Céline Dion, and Tracy Chapman. Oasis will briefly convince people that they’re “The Next Beatles”. Hootie and the Blowfish (not their actual names) will score numerous top 100 hits, take over the soft rock charts, then vanish from the public view, with lead singer Darius Rucker to reappear two decades later as a Country & Western star. Alternative will become Mainstream with bands like Smashing Pumpkins leading the charge, along with Blues Traveler’s secretly subversively ingenious “The Hook”. And Hip Hop and “Gangster Rap” will increasingly become the choice of white suburban teenagers as removed from the real challenges of the “Hood” as one can be. Coolio’s Gangsta’s Paradise from a year before, for example, will live on thanks to an appearance in Hollywood White Savior Narrative XXVIII starring Hot Blond White Woman.

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    And HWSN XXVIII is just the tip of a movie iceberg patiently awaiting its Titanic. New CG effects are allowing new and grandiose effects epics to be made affordably. Independence Day will top $800 million with Twister and Mission: Impossible approaching $500 million each. Disney will enter the post-Lion King slump. The Hunchback of Notre Dame will break $325 million with the live action 101 Dalmatians surprisingly right behind, but Disney’s biggest hit will be the literally-explosive Jerry Bruckheimer/Michael Bay feature The Rock. Also, Space Jam debuts. In all cases CG graphics are continuing to break new boundaries in the cinematic Art of the Possible.

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    TV will be dominated by Friends, Frasier, Drew Carey, Everybody Loves Raymond, Ellen, and ER. Ellen in particular will make a huge cultural explosion in 1997 when she controversially comes out as a Lesbian in a monumental cultural TV moment, a major milestone in the ongoing 1990s battle for LGBTQ+ Rights.

    Meanwhile, The Simpsons is in its Golden Age[4].

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    The Summer Olympics will celebrate their 100-year anniversary by returning to their historical roots in Athens, Greece. Just kidding, they’re going to the great neoclassical city of Atlanta, Georgia, ‘cause Uncle Sam gots Cash, yo.

    But the Olympics won’t be all fun and games. A domestic terrorist will set off a bomb at the Atlanta Olympics just one year after domestic terrorists destroyed the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. “Unibomber” Theodore Kaczynski is finally captured after decades of mail bomb attacks. IRA bomb attacks continue in the UK. Gunmen in Egypt kill Greek tourists. And in Saudi Arabia terrorists linked to Osama Bin Laden’s Al Qaida will destroy Khobar Towers, killing 19 US Servicemen and injuring near 500 others there to enforce the no-fly zone in Iraq. The as-yet undeclared Global War on Terror has only just begun.

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    But the Biggest Boom becomes a bit less likely as the UN adopts the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

    And in the midst of all of this chaos, Bill Clinton was reelected, beating Republican Bob Dole by a secure margin despite (or perhaps in part because of) the candidacy of Ross Perot even amidst growing anti-Clinton anger on the right and the Whitewater Scandal, and even as he begins his Signature Scandal, an affair with White House Intern Monica Lewinski that would lead to his eventual Impeachment.

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    How can you say the spark is gone? (Image source Marie Claire)

    Meanwhile in Britain, a new bombshell for the Royals when Prince Charles and Princess Diana scandalously divorce. The paparazzi have a field day and ask themselves, “this Charles/Di thing is really selling copy, but how can we arrange even bigger headlines? Surely nothing bad can come of endlessly chasing and hounding them at all hours.”

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    “What do I care about Mad Cow Disease? I’m a Helicopter! Whoop-whoop-whoop-whoop…!” (Image source Food Safety News)

    And in a hit close to the cholesterol-clogged hearts of every American, not even our hamburgers were safe, as Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis, a.k.a. “Mad Cow Disease”, blew up across the world. Who knew that turning your livestock into unwitting cannibals as a cost-cutting measure could end so badly?

    The name of the disease alone will explode in the public imagination and set off a firestorm of jokes as tasteless as a Wendy’s double. Who knew that a deadly, debilitating disease that nearly devastated several nations’ agricultural industries and left hundreds of farmers bankrupt could be so gosh darn funny?



    [1] In 2006 I accidentally came across adult content while searching for images of “Santa hat” as part of an office holiday decoration photoshop I was working on. The #2 hit was an image of a young woman wearing a Santa hat…and not much else. Even searching for Santa wasn’t safe!

    [2] Sing it with me, Old Farts: “Do di doo dah, doo dah, doo-dah…

    [3] Now we just forward outrageous conspiracy theories about Jewish Pedophile Vampire Lizard Men from the Core of the Flat Earth using vaccines to implant mind-control chips that work with the Space Lasers to turn people Trans as part of a literally Satanic scheme to establish a global Communist Dictatorship, eliminate the Y chromosome, and take away our guns. Much better! Vote Quimby!

    [4] Disagree? You’re wrong. Case closed.
     
    It's Too Late for the Muppets
  • Mad About Too Late with Miss Piggy (1996-2003)
    From Mad About Muppets with Mad Molly Moolah Netsite, February 1st, 2005


    Hi, I’m Molly and I’m mad for Muppets. And so are you, or why would you be here?

    And, before I get into today’s post, you all know how much I’d always wanted to go to Muppetland at WDW, and how though I’m a Lifetime Member for the Disneytowns in Philadelphia and Ontario, since I’m about equidistant to both even though I have to cross a border for one of them which is so hard anymore but whatever, I just really needed to see Muppetland and I had to save up for like forever for the flight and hotel and tickets and all, right? I applied to every Cheap Ticket Lotto, but no luck!

    So…I finally did it!!! I made it down to Florida and was able to visit.

    And…well…I mean, I had such big expectations but then you actually go somewhere, and, really, in the end all that I can say is……





















    SQUEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!OMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGOMGYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

    Um, sorry!!!

    (Yea, I liked it, can you tell? 😊)

    So, like, it’s great! The attention to detail is amazing and it’s full of like hidden jokes and references for Muppet Geeks like me, and I bought some Piggy Ears and I got my picture taken with like every Muppet whether walkaround or actual “living” Muppet. And I got to talk with the Real Miss Piggy (yea, obviously not Frank or even Eric, but still, great performance!) and you can see the video below.

    And yea, not everything is completely spectacular, I mean a Ferris wheel is still a Ferris wheel even with Kermie’s face on it, but the Great Muppet Movie Ride was amazing and hilarious and the Gonzo Thrill Ride so awesome and I loved the Pigs in Space animatronic show. But my total favorite was the Swedish Chef’s Smorgasbord, which had the “real” Chef (OK remote animatronic but whatever) and you could talk to him. I even bought a novelty menu written in Chef-speak and I ordered “Der Meatsie Böölies” and they were really good (better than Ikea, I think, but I think I’m prejudiced maybe a bit, yes?).

    I also bought a Swedish Chef T-shirt that says “Jjag ber om ursäkt för den dåliga falska Norskan,” whatever that means but some actual Swedish people thought it was really funny so I guess it’s ok (I’ll ask my Danish friend from school and see if she knows or tell me in the comments if you speak Swedish).

    Ok, so I can squee about Muppetland all day, but I was here to talk about Too Late with Miss Piggy, right? I mean, you can see all my vacation photos another time. 😊

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    Something like this (Image source muppet.fandom.com)

    OK, so I first “met” the Muppets on the Disney Channel on reruns, and then VHS and movies, so, like, Too Late with Miss Piggy was my first real live TV experience with the Muppets so it’s like special to me, right? It was the first new TV show to feature the Muppets-Muppets as I call the originals like Kermie and Piggy and Gonzo and not, like, just the New Muppets with Digit and Zondra and all (but I love them too, of course!).

    And (this is crazy, right?) Jim Henson had nothing to do with it other than “Executive Producer” (whatever that means) and consulting. Mostly The Jerrys ran the show with, like, Dave Goelz and Steve Whitmire and Fran Brill and Kevin Clash directing a lot. Newer Muppet Performers like Bill Baretta and Leslie Carrara-Rudolph and Eric Jacobson and even Wayne Brady joined the team, introducing us to such great new Muppets as Pepe the Prawn (sorry KING Prawn) and the lounge singer Sal Minella[1] and Ella Fantgerald and The Boogie Man. By this point Frank Oz had (mostly) handed off Piggy and Fozzie and all to Eric Jacobson since he had a career as a director and producer at this point. Brian Henson helped out on occasion but he had a full-time job with Effects and Cheryl helped out too, but she was mostly focusing on The Dark Crystal TV series.

    So, it was the first Classic Muppets production that didn’t have a major contribution by a Henson (can you believe it?!?). Wow!

    And basically, it was another of those Late Tonite Show type things, and it went up just before those shows on Disney Toon Town, like right before the Pleasure Island grown up cartoons came on, and like I lived in Eastern Standard Time so I actually had to sneak up past my bed time to see it at 10 pm, and try to cover my laughs so mom and dad didn’t hear, but in the end I saw it and I loved it even if some of the grown-up jokes at the time totally went over my little head.

    And, well, that Late Tonite Show type thing was the main thing about Too Late. Because, guess what, it totally was a live variety show! At least for part of it. They’d, like, have the Live Show in front of a Live Audience with the Live Guest, be that Prince (or Artist Formerly Known Thereas but Now an Incomprehensible Squiggle at the time), or Garth Brooks, or Whoopie Goldberg, or Jim Carrey, or whoever (my fav. is probably Björk and her epic unintelligible interactions with the Swedish Chef! “Wow, you two are speaking Swedish?” “No, I am speaking Icelandic. We have no idea what each other are saying!”). And Miss Piggy (Frank Oz in the first episodes, but usually Eric J. after that) would be at the desk and talking to the guest and like the Electric Mayhem were the “House Band” and Kermie was the Producer and Clifford the Show Runner.

    But what made it much, much more than your average and booorrring Late Tonite Show was that, instead of commercials, you had either fake parody ads with the Muppets or “behind the scenes” madness (pre-recorded, I hear) on what was going on between guests or sequences. So the show was a crazy mix of live, and hilariously ad-libbed Muppet Madness and backstage hilariously scripted Madness, usually with Kermie having to deal with a total diva Piggy or Clifford arguing with Digit, who was the engineer, or chasing Beauregard from the stage before a scene. Sometimes the guests joined in the backstage antics, sometimes not.

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    (Image source Ultimate Prince)

    TAFKA Prince was awesome in that way, just sayin’!

    But yea, I’d have loved the Live Show more as an adult, and got to like it more in the later seasons, but as a kid I was waiting for the funny fake ads and backstage chaos. Still, seeing Piggy interact in dysfunctional ways with Dr. Teeth (John Kennedy – the Muppet Man not the President, duh! – at the time) or announcer Sal Minella, or Pepe as Piggy’s Personal Assistant, or Kermie pushing the “Piggy Wrangling” off to an increasingly non-chill Clifford was just great too.

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    Fake Ad for Bay of Pigswatch (Image source “muppetmindset.wordpress.com”)

    And man, some of the ads were epic, like the “coming up” ads for episodes of “Bay of Pigswatch”, which was spoofing Baywatch (OMG complete with naughty bouncing!!), or “Flocks Like Us” spoofing Friends Like Us but with chickens who only cluck and penguins who only say “waaanq” but you like totally get the jokes because it’s following the formula of the show, or fake product ads for “ObsessiMon” ("Reeeeeaaaallly Gotta' Catch 'Em All!"), or “Muppet Online” CDs with annoying dial-up internet sounds that irritate everyone using it and break glass, or “SugarSpazz Cereal” recommended by greedy dentists everywhere. So yea, it was super fun and they found some really good writers from like SNL (which is ironic if you know your Muppets history, but by then Muppets were famous not a distraction) so a lot of it was brilliant even if all of it didn’t always land (so kinda like SNL, you know?)

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    (Image source Twitter, muppet.fandom.com, and “Jim Henson the Muppet Master” on Tumbler)

    And of course you have all of the genius fake trailers for Muppet spoof versions of various films like Men in Plaid or The Dogfather or The Sow of Music and I soooo wish they’d made them actual movies but I guess they can’t do them all and to be honest I have to admit that there’s only so much joke to go around there but still and wow is this sentence still going sorry![2]

    Since it played before the actual Late Tonite Shows, Too Late didn’t directly compete with the shows that it was satirizing. Even so, it was in no way going to compete directly with those shows, and there were like, what, four of them at that point? Letterman on NBC, Leno on ABC, Arsenio on CBS, and, like, a new host every week on PFN or something. But like anyone could watch it before those shows and it had a big cult following and it wasn’t like the biggest time slot for Toon Town since us kids were supposed to be in bed, so it made it through a good seven seasons from 1996-2003, so eventually I got to watch it with my parents starting in 1998 when my bed time got later (even though I’m totally sure they knew I snuck up past my bedtime and pretended not to notice!) so that was great. And eventually I started to “get” the adult jokes, so win-win-win all around.

    And yea, do I love it? Duh, right? I have the VCD collection!!

    Too Late with Miss Piggy was like “ahead of its time” with the Meta thing because it was “behind its time” by copying some of the Muppet Show formula. And yea, they could have just cloned The Muppet Show but instead they actually managed to do something totally original and for that reason I love it more than everything.

    Ironically[3], given that I just went there, Too Late was created specifically to drum up interest in the then-new Muppetland at Walt Disney World’s Magic Kingdom, and to like keep the brand fresh and in the public eye. In that way it succeeded and it got great reviews even if it wasn’t like a top-ten show, but the costs were pretty low except for paying for the guest stars, so sometimes it was a “who’s that, now?” But strangely a lot of the guests took way less than their usual fee because they loved being on the show, so yay!

    So, yea, make sure you see Too Late with Miss Piggy. Find a friend with the VCDs or old VHS tapes or a place that rents them.

    COME ON, GO NOW!!

    What are you waiting for, Mommie’s permission? :winkytongue:



    [1] Actually more like Johnny Fiama than the monkey character of the same name in our timeline.

    [2] Hat tip to @MNM041 and @nick_crenshaw and the others from that discussion.

    [3] Ironically not actual irony, just coincidence. Or is it?
     
    Non-Disney Animation V a
  • Chapter 14: Beyond the Digital Frontier, 1996-Present
    From In the Shadow of the Mouse, Non-Disney Animation 1960-2000, by Joshua Ben Jordan


    As the 1990s peaked, animation was fully entering into its Renaissance. Television, theatrical releases, festival releases, and soon enough a new frontier via the internet all providing new and increasingly groundbreaking animation. New technologies were making animation cheaper and easier. Small startups were challenging the major studios like an army of Davids against a squad of Goliaths. But the Goliaths still ruled the big screen and small alike.

    Disney still reigned supreme on the big screen and managed to maintain parity on the small screen with rivals Warner Brothers and Columbia/Hanna-Barbera, with Fox/Filmation on the rise and Penguin/Nelvana resurgent. But Disney’s big screen supremacy was being challenged like never before. The Disney Animation Renaissance had arguably peaked with 1994’s The Lion King. The very same year, however, Hollywood/DiC’s Retriever, made in partnership with Bluth but primarily animated by DiC, had beaten the technically groundbreaking The Brave Little Toaster at the box office, Disney’s first head-to-head loss. The very next year Disney suffered a prestige loss, with Bird Brain and Fox/Filmation’s The Iron Giant beating odds-on favorite The Hunchback of Notre Dame for the 1996 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.

    Disney would take both losses in stride, but the twin defeats of the once seemingly invincible Mouse made clear that Disney’s Supremacy was far from assured, and led to some reckonings within Disney and a sudden spark of excitement among their rivals.

    Fox/Filmation would continue its successful partnership with Bird Brain, who was now fully separated from Warner Brothers, and produced Brad Bird’s passion project, the retro-futuristic Science Fiction Film Noir Ray Gunn.

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    Ray Gunn Concept Art (Image source Mental Floss)

    But production was troubled. While the animatics looked good visually, the adult themes and rather “uninspired” story (which was little more than a by-the-numbers film noir in The Future) were still receiving pushback from Fox. Mira Velimirovic put Bird in touch with Carrie Fisher, who worked with him to script doctor the screenplay and animatics. The femme fatal Venus Envy was upgraded into a more rounded character and the general script was given a more deconstructive element with hints of Chinatown. The relative success of Ralph Bakshi’s R-rated Hybrid Animation Cool World relieved some of the Fox board’s concerns with the adult theming, but even so the lack of “toyetic” potential made the film inherently risky. The production team remained at loggerheads with the board.

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    (Image source “scriptshadow.net”)

    Facing cancellation, Bird relented to reducing the planned T-rating down to a PG-rating, made the sexuality less overt and eliminated the omnipresent smoking (except from Sparks, whose smoke was from his ever-short-circuiting electronics), and added some comic relief characters and more child- and merch-friendly additions. These included the robot sidekick Sparks and the comedic alien underworld contact Errol based loosely on Peter Lorre, who provided a level of physical comedy through being amoeba-like, and therefore able to be smashed, blown up, hit by a vehicle, or otherwise abused without serious injury. Taking cues from Who Framed Roger Rabbit, they mixed the comedic and absurd into the dark noir, leading to an over-the-top film with voices by Michael Keaton (Ray), Michelle Pfeiffer (Venus), David Hyde Pierce (Sparks), and Steve Buscemi (Errol). Debuting in 1997, it made a modest box office of $75 million against a $42 million budget, an underperformance that made up lost ground on home video, where it became a cult classic.

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    (Image source Mental Floss)

    “To this day I wonder what my original vision might have been like,” said Bird. After a moment of self-reflection he added, “It probably would have flopped, to be honest, but I bet that we’d have scored another Oscar!”

    Hollywood/DiC, meanwhile, would see its newfound success turn into a Time of Reckoning as the growing internecine feud between Michael Eisner and the alliance of Bob Iger and Jeffrey Katzenberg was exacerbated in the ensuing credit-grab over Retriever’s success. Ultimately this led to Eisner leaving for Columbia Entertainment and Iger and Katzenberg ascendant within Hollywood/ABC. Retriever had demonstrated that in-house DiC animators could produce a winning feature, albeit using Bluth designs. Heart and Soul was in animation, and being done completely by in-house HA/DiC animators led by a trio of ex-Disney animators, and thus seen at the time as the ultimate “sink-or-swim” moment for Hollywood Animation. But Katzenberg, now the head of Hollywood Studios and its many subsidiaries and soon to be Chief Creative Officer for the entire company, greenlit two more internal animation projects, both, like Heart and Soul, intended to dual with a Disney release. One was a wholly internal effort based on his own passion idea surrounding wild horses, leading to 1997’s Spirit of the West and set to release against Disney’s similarly named (but wholly different) Kindred Spirits. The other was an idea suggested by new Animation VP David Stainton, another ex-Disney animator, which led to 1999’s The City of Gold, based on an idea that Disney had in the pipeline and intended to dual with that picture.

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    This, but slightly earlier and from Hollywood Animation

    Spirit of the West began in 1994, shortly before Eisner left, as a vague idea that Katzenberg had for a film based on wild horses. He hired John Fusco of Young Guns fame, who “fell in love” with the American Paint Pony on the set of Young Guns and had worked hard to help rescue them. Fusco set out to create “A Western from the perspective of the Horses.”

    The marathon animation, aided by outsourcing most of the CG and Inbetweener work, managed to be beautiful, though occasionally jarring in its mix of hand-drawn and CG elements. It was also a mess of internal disaffection, leading to the infamous “Sabotage 35” incident. It ended up making $187 million against its $75 million in cost, managing to perform well enough against Disney’s Kindred Spirits, which it opened against, with some suspecting that Katzenberg hoped that the similarity in names might lead to customer confusion that would mostly benefit his feature over the favored Disney one. The film also went on to perform well in home video, spawning a few straight-to-video sequels and was a favorite for a generation of horse-obsessed girls.

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    (Image by @Nerdman3000)

    And Spirit of the West would gain the further distinction of being the first film released by the new combined Universal-Hollywood-DiC team. Following the Universal/ABC merger, the Universal Animation team, who’d mostly worked with external animators (primarily UPA) and had few in-house animators, would be absorbed into the larger and more experienced Hollywood Animation, which would ironically take the Universal name, some say as a last slight against Michael Eisner. Universal Animation’s Don Bluth collaboration Valerian and Lauraline would thus be the last animated feature released under the independent Universal Animation label and starting in 1996 all Hollywood/DiC animated features would be released under the Universal Animation label. The team was in reality mostly made up of the old DiC animators and collaborators, and who still thought of themselves as DiC despite two name changes in less than 10 years. Universal would also maintain their working partnership with UPA, leading to a steady stream of animated features and TV series between the UPA and Universal/Hollywood/DiC teams.

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    This from Universal and UPA

    The first of these UPA collaborations would be 1996’s Balto, a literal underdog story of an Alaskan sled dog done in partnership with British animation director Simon Wells, the great grandson of famed Science Fiction pioneer H.G. Wells. Wells brought UPA a screenplay by Cliff Ruby and Elana Lesser that Lesser based upon the tales that her grandfather used to tell her. Released for the Summer of 1996, Balto struggled against Disney’s The Swan Princess and barely made its $33 million budget back, but became a popular classic on home video.

    For the next big collaboration, the DiC team would work with former Disney animation producer, David Stainton, who’d come to Hollywood/DiC after burning too many bridges at Disney in his aggressive social climbing attempts. The result would be The City of Gold.

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    (Image source mycast.io)

    Don Bluth, however, was done with Hollywood Animation/DiC and Universal alike, and most of all done with Katzenberg, with whom he’d always held a contemptuous working relationship. Instead, he followed Eisner to Columbia, partnering with Columbia Pictures on a three-picture deal that led first to his 1998 release of Beauty and the Beast, to be followed in 1999 by The Velveteen Rabbit and in 2001 by Ruler of the Roost, a jazzy retelling of the Chanticleer story featuring Jean-Claude Van Damme as Chanticleer and Eddie Murphy as Reynard the Fox, his sketchy “agent” whose motivations are suspect. These releases were interspersed with the TV-based features already in production when Eisner ascended to Chair of Columbia Pictures, including 1996’s Scooby Doo and the Curse of the Howling Phantom, which underperformed but did well in home media, and 1998’s The Flintstones: Home on the Rocks, which performed better than expected driven by its memorable plot (Wilma and Betty go out and get high-paying jobs when the quarry closes and Fred and Barney are suddenly out of work, creating a flipped home dynamic) and the quirky dialog driven in part by the arrival of a hot-shot new young animator named Seth McFarlane.

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    (Image source The Lost Media Wiki)

    This second Flintstones film would shock the industry by getting nominated for the Best Animated Feature Academy Award, become a critical and box office success, and spawn millions of dollars in home video sales and rentals. The success would lead directly to the 1999 Primetime TV reboot of The Flintstones on CBS with McFarlane as head writer and show runner, whose bizarre, adult, and occasionally surreal sense of humor, blended with its Musical nature, which let the series stand out against both competition like Nuclear Family and the classic and beloved original. In fact, the surrealism of it all was such that the eventual arrival of the Great Gazoo hardly created a stir of controversy.

    Warner Brothers, meanwhile, would mostly crank out films based upon their classic DC and Looney Tunes lines. 1996 would see the release of Justice League vs. The Legion of Doom, a spinoff of the Bird Brain helmed TV animation that, alas, had no involvement from Bird Brain. The film would perform well enough and sell well on home video, but most aficionados of the DC Animated universe agreed that there was “something missing”. 1998’s Batman: The Rise of Bane would perform similarly, but gain controversy for its “surprising level of violence”.

    Looney Tunes films would have similarly mixed results. The summer of 1997 would see the release of A Daffy Movie, a hybrid feature starring Brendon Frasier alongside the titular waterfowl and produced, written, and directed by Joe Dante. The madcap feature, which suffered from heavy executive meddling, would underperform at the box office against The Secret Life of Toys and Ray Gunn and spell the end of Dante’s Looney Tunes collaborations. The film would fare better in home media, ultimately becoming a cult classic. The winter of 1997 would see the fully-animated Animaniacs: Plucky’s Lucky Day, which eked out a modest profit against Kindred Spirits, Spirit of the West, and Flintstones 2 in what was the most crowded field for animated features yet seen.

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    This, more or less

    But Warner Brothers wanted to have an original animated feature to compete directly with Disney, Columbia, and Hollywood, and thus launched a feature based on King Arthur and the Quest for the Holy Grail. Producers Max Howard and Phillip Rothman reframed it into a more straightforward King Arthur story centered around Excalibur that became The Battle for Camelot. Taking cues from the 1981 film Excalibur, as well as Disney’s 1961 The Sword in the Stone and the 1960 musical Camelot, The Battle for Camelot suffered from executive micromanagement and constantly changing ideas on what they wanted, causing serious delays and overruns as whole segments of completed pencil tests went into the bin, and leading to bad tonal inconsistencies. An Oscar bait song by Celine Dion and a by-the-numbers Broadway-style sound track by Carole Bayer Sager and David Foster did little to elevate the larger picture.

    “They couldn’t decide whether they wanted a romantic Disney-style musical, and exciting action piece, or a child-friendly sing-along,” said lead animator Tom Ruegger years later in an interview. “In reality, they wanted all three at the same time, so they got a film that sucked equally in all three respects. And don’t get me started on [Warner Brothers President and COO] John Peters trying to shoehorn in a giant spider for some reason.”

    Despite the interference, the experienced animation teams[1] managed to fill the reels and produce a well-animated film that broke even at the box office despite brutal competition from Disney’s Heart of Ice and Columbia’s Beauty and the Beast and made fair sales on home video. “It’s a testament to the talent of the teams at New Termite Terrace that it came out as well as it did,” said Ruegger. “It was a stark lesson in the limits of top-down animation, and it nearly saw the end of Warner feature animation not based on TV IP.”

    Continued tomorrow...


    [1] Compare to our timeline, where WB was just attempting to spin up a brand-new feature animation team, adding in severe growing pains on top of everything else, leading to the critically reviled forgettable flop The Quest for Camelot.
     
    Non-Disney Animation V b
  • Chapter 14: Beyond the Digital Frontier, 1996-Present (Cont'd)
    From In the Shadow of the Mouse, Non-Disney Animation 1960-2000, by Joshua Ben Jordan

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    (Images by @ExowareMasses)

    The great animation renaissance continued on the small screen as well, with consumers now able to choose from tons of content between the competing networks of Disney Toon Town, Cartoon City, and Neptune, with Fox Family also producing numerous Filmation products.

    Flintstones_2013.jpeg

    (Image source Lost Media Wiki)

    Cartoon City was mixing Hanna-Barbera classics with original, often third-party content, be that reruns of Seth MacFarlane’s musical-esque reboot of The Flintstones from CBS Primetime or Kickin’ Studios’ stylized, anime-inspired Dexter’s Laboratory. It launched Sunburst as a showcase for Japanese Anime. But it was also, controversially, starting to experiment with more adult fare, leading to the post-watershed Adult Swim lineup starting in 1997 with insane adult reframing of old HB IP as Harvey Birdman, Ace Attorney and Sea Lab 2022. Mike Lazzo saw this as a chance to catch the growing wave of MTV- and HBO-based T-rated animated programming. The success of Adult Swim would spawn competing post-watershed blocks like Toon Town’s Pleasure Island and Neptune’s NGAGE block, the latter name chosen after the somewhat-suggestive Uranus was overwhelmingly rejected and Pluto abandoned after the legal team feared a lawsuit by Disney.

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    (Image by @ExowareMasses)
    Warner’s Neptune by this point was looking for new options in general. It was winding down the popular Star Snakes, a sci-fi cartoon made by Zodiac Entertainment[1] that premiered in 1990 and is sometimes considered the “last of its kind” following in the footsteps of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and the rest of the 1980s Merch-Driven shows. It focused on heroic alien snakes led by the heroic Vipmed who land in Arizona after escaping space pirates who attacked the ark taking members of their race, the Serpentines, to build a colony on a jungle planet after meteor destroyed their home world. They are initially hostilely received on earth, but slowly gain the trust of humans starting with social marginally people but later turn most of the general public to their side, particularly as they help protect earth from the villainous Deathrattle and other often otherworldly threats. Star Snakes was praised for its message of how looks and people can be deceiving, and the importance of communicating, trying to get along with people who are different, and being honest and trustworthy. The Star Snakes toy line, made by Olmec toys, became quite popular in the early 1990s.

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    (Image source 97.5 KLAK)

    But if Star Snakes offered an interesting “last of its kind”, animator Stephen Hillenburg, who’d worked on My Dog Zero, would produce something radically different and even surreal. Long a fan of the ocean and oceanic life, and a fan of Ween’s The Mollusk, which lingered in his mind, Hillenburg pitched an idea called Intertidal, primarily centered around an anthropomorphic sponge narrating a story of life in the ocean’s intertidal zone. It would eventually evolve into 1997’s radically weird and deliberately immature SpongeBoy[2], which followed the painfully-naïve titular sponge as he adapted to adulthood despite his childish immaturity. The show in some ways followed on from the Hoerk & Gatty vein, being silly, surreal, and boundary-pushing, but also took inspiration from Dexter’s Lab and Trout Man as well, with some cinematic, anime-inspired action, but surrounding the lowest of stakes from stealing a secret recipe for fast food to discovering what someone was getting for their birthday gift. It regularly mixed in non-sequitur aspects like live action segments, alternate animation styles (like stop motion or anime inspired), and genre shifts (suddenly becoming a romantic comedy halfway through an adventure plot only to then go full slapstick-pie-fight. The sheer insanity of the mix of differing tropes, all done with a madcap, slapstick surrealism, captured a wide audience from young kids to stressed-out adults. Largely G-rated, it occasionally pushed into PG.

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    (Image by ExowareMasses)

    Fox was grabbing a surprising market share both on Fox Family and the Fox Kids block on PFN due in particular to their control of the popular Star Trek and Star Wars distribution licenses, with Triad Television President Lucie Salhany feeling that it was time to compete in the crowded sphere. Even with Fox Chair Lisa Henson supporting the effort, Triad would be the last of the century to make their own cable channel with animation as its main focus. In 1999, emboldened by the success of Fox Kids, it launched Cube[3], the name a play upon “cubing” and the numerology of three (a nod to the Triad name), with Tom Nunan as inaugural president. To carve out a niche, Cube would look to the many science fiction properties in the library of Triad and Filmation and make them the focus, with the bumpers and adverts being space-themed. Naturally, Star Wars and Star Trek were the flagships of the channel, with Planet of the Apes being an honorary third tentpole. Behind them came revivals of Filmation’s shows, like Neo BraveStarr and a clunkily-titled reboot of Masters of the Universe titled He-Man and She-Ra: Protectors of the Power Universe. Both reboots would be marginally successful for the channel, but the He-Man and She-Ra reboot would give the two Eternian heroes their dues as genuine superheroes.

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    (Image source Games Radar)

    Universal/Hollywood/DiC would continue to push boundaries in an attempt to stand out among the competition. One of the more groundbreaking pre-Universal HA/DiC shows of the mid-90s was Miracleman: Olympus[4]. Based heavily on, and set after the events of the 1992 Alex Proyas Miracleman film, Olympus was based on issue 16 of the Eclipse Comics title by Alan Moore and animated and written by HA/DiC in collaboration with Penguin Animation and Cosgrove Hall Productions. Debuting on ABC and ITV in 1994 alongside Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids and Where on Earth is Carmen Sandiego?, the series showed the continued adventures of Miracleman (played by Seán Barrett), the superhero who spent most of his career in a simulation, after the destruction of London in the movie, as he and his superpowered allies slowly save the world...from itself. They do this by slowly taking over human civilization as the “New Gods of Earth” and “resolving all of humanity’s many problems and ills” over the course of two seasons, whether the lesser beings want their help or not.

    Amid all of this, HA/DiC was going through a tumultuous time, and many noticed similarities in the behaviors and mannerisms of the Miracleman characters to the characteristics of ABC executives like Michael Eisner, Bob Iger, Jeff Katzenberg, Sumner Redstone, and Daniel Burke. Some wonder if the Olympian takeover was a subtle reflection of the slow political gamesmanship of the many senior executives. Just as the series was airing, Eisner would be out and Iger and Katzenberg ascendant. It would end its run just about the time that Universal Pictures would famously merge with Hollywood/ABC in early 1995, a deal ironically set up by the outgoing Eisner

    Many of the projects in production at Hollywood Animation would subsequently be either cancelled or be shared between both studios’ locations as the reshuffling happened. The newly-formed Universal Animation would be put in charge of Hollywood’s projects with production moved to Universal City and set to air on ABC and participating cable channels. Not wanting to be outdone by the other companies in the cable animation space, Jeffrey Katzenberg took a lengthy inventory of what the Universal, ABC, DiC, and Viacom libraries gave him, and saw fit to create his own kid-friendly animation block. The result was spinning off ABC’s early morning kid’s block Kid Kingdom[5], with Chris Meledandri as the first president. The block’s branding was heavily themed around Ancient Egypt, especially the Sphinx as seen on most Hollywood Pictures blockbusters in its first 10 or so years of operation; the desert setting also lent itself thematically to a sandbox theme.

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    Like a darker version of this

    One of the most successful was Mummies: Warriors of the Dead, an action cartoon that would be co-produced between it and Ivan Reitman’s Northern Lights Entertainment, about a group of living mummies who defend an archaeologist mother and her son from an evil sorcerer due to the son being the reincarnation of the god Ra. Originally made for syndication, the second season would air on Kid Kingdom, a natural fit given the channel’s initial Ancient Egyptian theme. The series would even gain a crossover with Universal’s The Mummy in a TV film titled Mummies: Tomb of Imhotep.

    Of course, it was mostly U/HA/DiC that picked up the slack of programming, given their history as a whole, and nowhere was that more obvious than in two of the network’s first original shows, General Gadget and a continuation of The Mysterious Cities of Gold, which the latter gives ‘80s kids a conclusion to DiC’s final Audiovisuel project. While the former is an action-laced anime-inspired sequel series to Inspector Gadget, with Penny in a more important role than in the original show, notably by having Dr. Claw get smart for once, and discover that Penny was the lynchpin behind all his undoing the whole time. Unfortunately for him, doing this activated Gadget’s “parental defense code”, which forced him to grow a pair and actually take charge to save his niece.

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    Something like this (Image source megagrozov on Instagram)

    With Disney, Warner Bros., Columbia, Triad, and Hollywood Animation all getting into the 24/hour business, it left the smaller big names, such as Wayward Entertainment and Nelvana, scrambling to find some long-term partners when the new millennium hit.

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    The Inspiration (Image AAroads.com)

    Wayward Entertainment, meanwhile, would partner with artist and writer Everett Peck on his cult classic Trout Man, the story of Gil Troutman (Will Ferrell), a simple North Carolina river trout mutated by the radiation from nearby Barium Springs, which was polluted by the machinations of the evil urban sprawl developer C. R. Copperplate (Wallace Shawn), who is in reality a mutated cockroach attempting to engineer the environmental collapse of human civilization, in large part through the creation of soul-sucking poorly planned gray-space urban sprawl, to make the world safe for his “kind”. He is doing this with his nefarious 2-X Machine (pronounced “deuce-ex”). It was an idea inspired by a road sign[6] Peck encountered while driving back to New York following a failed pitch to Hanna-Barbera in Atlanta.

    Gil Troutman takes on the superhero mantle of Trout Man while juggling a dead-end day job as an insurance claims adjuster and trying to maintain his dysfunctional romance with the lovely park ranger Virginia Pine (Katey Segal). Virginia was in turn from the large and wealthy Pine family (the “Norfolk Pines”), with each family member’s name based on a different species of pine tree: father Red Pine (Stacy Keech), mother Elizabeth White-Pine (Betty White), jailbait teenage sister Loblolly Pine (Brittany Murphy), cowboy cousin Ponderosa Pine, hippie uncle Longleaf Pine, Native American cousin Lodgepole Pine, senile grandmother Wollemi Pine, etc. Reluctantly aided by his angry and passive-aggressive “mentor”, the mutated catfish blues player Scummy Bottoms (whom he dismissively refers to as his “magic catfish”; voiced by Keith David), the borderline sociopathic Troutman/Trout Man always proves to be his own worst enemy.

    The T-rated series, which ran from 1993-1997 on FX, was unapologetically politically incorrect with Troutman a horrible, self-righteous jerk and borderline sociopath whose worst impulses got even worse when assuming the mantle of Trout Man. A running gag of the show involved Virginia Pine being in love with the seemingly unassuming Gil Troutman and appalled by his arrogant and mansplaining “heroic” alter-ego, even as Troutman assumed that the opposite was true and constantly tried to impress her as Troutman, usually accidentally foiling her ingenious efforts to expose and stop Copperplate’s evil plans as he “saved” her again and again.

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    (Image source Hollywood Reporter)

    Trout Man, in turn, allegedly inspired Howard the Duck[7], a UPA/Disney collaboration starring Jason Alexander as the titular foul-mouthed fowl. Playing on Disney’s Pleasure Island block, the series represented the first collaboration between Disney and the “Commies down the river” as Walt and his executives had derisively called the founders of the original UPA, who were disgruntled former Disney employees. Famous for its irreverent topical humor and willingness to bite the hands that fed it, it would also have Marvel heroes show up in small roles and cameos, often to their detriment. Spider Ham was a frequent guest, and “friendly nemesis” for Howard. Additionally, Marvel “in jokes” were common, such as plots involving Tony Stark’s alcoholism, Wolverine’s “anger management” issues (with Professor Hulk as his “sponsor”), or Howard trying to solve a mystery in regards to an obviously-abusive Hank Pym towards Janet Van Dyne. It would run for four seasons and remains a cult classic.

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    (Image source ibtrav on Instagram)

    And perhaps most bizarrely, Bird Brain developed Starman: The Animated Series (1994-1999)[8], a high concept musical animated series from the minds of David Bowie and Bruce Timm, which was among the first shows greenlit for MTV. The series was known for pushing the limits not just in subject matter, delving heavily into LGBTQ tropes in particular, but in animation, blending multiple animation types and live action in what Timm called “anicollage”. It would win multiple Emmys, Annies, and other awards for its animation, music, and editing. It had a modest but fanatical audience and remains a cult classic known for its non-linear plots, Lynchian mind-screw, boundary-pushing plots and tropes, and memorable musical sound track as much for its idiosyncratic animation.

    But of the small studios, the one who would take the biggest step would be the British stop-mo studio Aardman Animations, whose Wallace & Gromit and Creature Comforts Shorts had won numerous awards and gained the small studio numerous fans. And now they were about to embark on their first big budget, feature length production.

    “Back in ’95 I had this idea for a sort of The Great Escape film, but with chickens,” said Peter Lord. “But then [Finding] Nemo beat us to the punch there. We put that idea on hold[9]. Jim Henson over at Disney was eager to do a Wallace & Gromit film, since he loved the Shorts and even played them in the US, though the Board seemed to think that it needed a family angle, for some bizarre reason. So, we thought about that, or possibly a spin-off based on Shawn the Sheep, who appeared in A Close Shave, though I think a lot of the Yanks missed the Shawn/Shorn pun. We kicked around more ideas. Perhaps a pet rat that ends up in a sewer? James Bond with toads and frogs?”

    “It wasn’t just Disney [approaching Aardman],” said Nick Park. “Columbia and Universal were both talking to us, as was Pearson’s Penguin Productions, who’d just bought Pathé, Pinewood, and a peck of other ‘P’ properties in what I imagine is a singularly bizarre ‘P’ obsession on Daly’s part. They were aggressively pursuing us, not just for partnership, but for merger, or at least an underwrite. They suggested that we’d still get to work with Disney for US distribution since they had an ‘in’ as they called it. We considered the deal, ultimately partnering for distribution, but put corporate ties on hold, preferring to remain private if we could.”

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    Time for training, yea?(Image source YouTube)

    And then the idea for the “Tortoise and the Hare” came up. The classic Fable seemed a good option, though there was little that could be done with the original story. “Either the Tortoise wins per the original,” said Park, “Or the Hare wins in a twist. Not much to hang a picture on. But then we thought, well, what comes after the race?”

    “We even ended up flipping the script on Disney Digital after the Nemo thing, actually,” said Lord with a laugh, “in this case with respect to the Tortoise/Hare subtext in Sparky. It came strangely full-circle.”

    Thus was born the first Aardman feature animation: Tortoise v. Hare, which began production in late 1996 with a planned 1999/2000 release, directed by Lord, designed by Park, written by Karey Kirkpatrick, produced by Penguin, and distributed in partnership with Walt Disney. It would be Aardman’s biggest challenge to date.



    [1] Developed by @Goldwind2.

    [2] Originally going to have this name, but in our timeline an actual mop product grabbed the name first. Needless to say, it evolved into Sponge Bob Square Pants in our timeline. Will, strangely enough, be even weirder than our timeline’s show, fully embracing the surrealism and becoming a borderline “Dada comedy” on occasions.

    [3] By @Plateosaurus.

    [4] See a full description here written by @Igeo654.

    [5] Also by @Plateosaurus.

    [6] Based on a true story involving my wife and I that led to this wacky floating idea that never went anywhere. Mrs. Khan and I encountered the road sign around 15 years ago and made jokes for the rest of the drive about how the barium from the springs is probably what mutated the trout-man. The actual road sign is posted above. In our timeline, of course, Peck’s idea was for a duck detective, which became Duckman.

    [7] Battered fedora tips to @TheFaultsofAlts and @TheKennedyMachine.

    [8] Psychedelic space helmet tip to @MNM041.

    [9] I know, I know…butterflies are a bitch sometimes.
     
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    Myth! Myth! ........ Yeth?
  • The Power of Myth
    Post from Animation, Stories, and Us Net-log, by Rodrick Zarrel. August 13th, 2012

    Guest Post from @Nerdman3000


    Last week we talked about Heart and Soul, and during that post I mentioned a little something called Mythica, a certain Award-Winning Emmy Disney-created Series that is today celebrated by classicists/mythologists, historians, animation geeks, and fans of classical music alike. Those last two, when combined with the fact this show was produced by Disney, might bring to mind two certain famous animated films, Fantasia and Musicana, and that’s not entirely a coincidence. In fact, in a way, this series was very much an intended spiritual successor to both films and even technically at one point in its early development was in fact supposed to be a genuine true sequel film to both.

    Though I’m getting slightly ahead of myself, so let’s instead start at the beginning. Specifically in 1989 with perhaps the most unusual of reasons for a series to be created, Doctor Who. Yeah, your [SIC] probably scratching your head and wondering what does the famous Time Lord have to do with this series, but if you know anything about the history of PBS in the 1990’s, you’d know that part of the reason the 90’s are considered a bit of a golden age for the network is due to the debut of the young and controversial 8th Doctor. Doctor Who, when it debuted on PBS, had a huge positive effect on the network which resulted in a massive increase in the network's ratings and the number of viewer donations. Said donations meant that the network suddenly found themselves able to produce a huge number of new shows and programs which they otherwise might not have been able to produce, shows and programs like a revival of Meeting of the Minds[1] and American Cities[2], as well as a new spinoff in the Masterpiece Theatre anthology series called Masterpiece: History, featuring works which primarily focus around history in some aspect.

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    PBS President Ervin S. Duggan, who served as President of PBS for much of the 90’s starting from late 1993 (Source: Getty)

    Now as you may have guessed, one of the shows which partially owes its existence to this Doctor Who related expansion to PBS is Mythica. But funny enough, it was almost something very different. See in 1994, President of PBS Ervin S. Duggan himself, looking for a new show to add to the network in light of its growing expansion, decided to approach Jim Henson to ask whether he or Disney might be willing to produce a new educational series or program for the Network, with the hope that the series would be Muppets or Sesame Street related. Henson was quite receptive, and work began on what would have been The Muppets Present ... Great Moments in American History[3], a show that would have featured the Muppets, led by Sam the Eagle, trying to recount American History to wacky effect. And while said show idea would eventually be revisited years later in a very different format, the original show idea sadly never made it past the drawing board.

    Kind of like this...

    The big reason why the show never happened was because of clashes between Henson and Duggan towards what each believed the show’s vision should be. Henson wanted the Muppets to retell moments of history in their usual wacky, funny way, while Duggan was against the very idea of treating great American historical moments in such a slapstick manner and was adamant that the subject should be treated with full seriousness. Now you’d think Duggan wouldn’t have asked for a show about the literal Muppets retelling moments in history if he was against the idea of it featuring jokes and gags, considering, you know, Muppets, but I guess he just wanted the name recognition the Muppets provided without everything that naturally came with it.

    Regardless, by late 1994 it was pretty clear Henson and Duggan weren’t able to agree on anything in regards to the shows vision and how the Muppets should be portrayed, and rather than risk damaging the partnership Henson had with PBS over things, the two agreed to cancel pre-production of the series, leaving the two back in the drawing board. Yet Henson was nonetheless still very much interested in producing something for the Network and Duggan still wanted Henson to produce a new series for the network (even if he was reportedly very disappointed said series likely wouldn’t come with the name recognition the Muppets might have provided), the question it seemed now was just what they should produce.

    Enter animator Susan McKinsey Goldberg and George Lucas.

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    Sue Goldberg, photographed with her husband Eric, who also worked for Disney as a supervising director on both Mythica and its first spinoff series, Imagineria (source: D23.com).

    Now Sue Goldberg had been an animator at the company for a number of years, having served as a lead animator for films such as Musicana, The Little Mermaid, and the then-upcoming Medusa. It was during her time working on Musicana that she first came up with the idea of adding an additional short to the film based around the Norse myth of Ragnarok and set to Beethoven’s 5th. Ultimately it didn’t happen, but the idea languished in Goldberg’s mind for a number of years.

    It wasn’t until 1994 that Goldberg finally decided to try her luck getting the short produced by Soft Pitching it, hoping that even if it never made it to Musicana, it could see life as a The Wonderful World of Disney short. As luck would have it, both Jim Henson and George Lucas were present in the room when she pitched it. Both loved the idea, especially Lucas, who as a massive fan of myths and legends and a Joseph Campbell fanboy, was very, very much welcome to the idea of a myth based short. In fact, Lucas would take it further by openly asking why not do a series of shorts based on various myths and legends. And if you already have a series of animated shorts set to classical music, why not go the natural step and make it a film?

    Suddenly it seemed what had begun as a Sue Goldberg’s soft pitch for turning a rejected Musicana short into a short on The Wonderful World of Disney had effectively accidentally evolved into Lucas soft pitching a Fantasia/Musicana sequel film based around myths and legends which featured Goldberg’s short. Lucas and Henson both became enthusiastic about the idea; Lucas as I said because he was a massive fanboy of myths and legends, and Henson (and Roy Disney) because he simply loved the idea of doing a spiritual successor/sequel to Fantasia/Musicana. Unfortunately for them, the Disney board wasn’t nearly as enthusiastic.

    While Musicana wasn’t a flop by any means (unlike Fantasia which was before it became regarded as a classic), it wasn’t a massive hit in theaters either, even though it was profitable and did well in VHS sales, the board, still reeling from and remembering recent box office failures like Toys, were wary of the project, especially since even if it was a hit, it was guaranteed it wouldn’t do massive numbers like the company’s other recent animated films, such as The Little Mermaid and Aladdin.

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    The Norse myth of Ragnarok, which served as both the first short of the Mythica series as well as what Sue Goldberg’s initial soft pitch would be about making a short. (Source: thenotsoinnocantsaboard.com)

    But Lucas and Henson didn’t want to abandon the idea or leave it sitting on a shelf for years until the board was finally willing to go through with it, and it just so happened that around then Henson found himself also having to go back to the drawing board on the planned PBS show. It wasn’t long before Henson realized he could solve both problems at once, leading him to approach Duggan and suggest that rather than doing Mythica as an animated film, why not make it a PBS series instead? Well, a somewhat wary Duggan, though not hating the idea (but apparently not loving it either), stated he still wanted an educational show, so he was only willing to accept it if Henson could promise there would be an educational element to the series, which Henson accepted.

    Thus was born PBS’s Mythica series, the first in what would be known as the network’s Fantasia Collection of animated musical anthologies.

    So what exactly is Mythica? Well like I said, it was basically a spiritual successor to Fantasia/Musicana based around myths and legends, with animated shorts based on said myths and legends using visual storytelling to showcase those various myths and legends, all the while being set to various appropriate music, usually classical. Where it differed was that the live action framing sequences in between the shorts were instead replaced by educational sequences narrated by a wide variety of guest actors, including Leonard Nimoy, James Earl Jones, Christopher Lee, Richard Attenborough, George Takei, Keith David, and Jeremy Irons, that told the story of the very myths and legends presented in the program.

    Every usually hour (depending on the episode) long episode in the series would focus on one area/culture and its set of myths, so you could for example get an episode one week centered around Greek Mythology that would include the story of the Abduction of Persephone and the War between the Greek Gods or the Titans, while the next week you’d get an episode about Chinese myths like Journey to the West and the story of Chang'e and Hou Yi, while the week after that you might get a Polish or Slavic myth and legends centered episode, a Native American myths and legends centered episode[4], or a African myths and legends episode (the short centered on the tale of Anansi in the first season Africa episode was a personal favorite of mine, hosted by Whoopie Goldberg, naturally). Myths and Legends from certain areas/cultures that were missed in one episode could be revisited in later seasons of the series.

    Walter_Crane_-_The_Fate_of_Persephone_%281877%29.jpg

    The Myth of the Abduction of Persephone by Hades, which would be one of the many myths and legends showcased in the series. The Persephone myth in particular would debut in the first season’s third episode, which was the first in the series to focus on Greek Mythology. (Source: icysedgwick.com)

    Sue Goldberg herself would serve as one of the major art directors for the series, with her “Ragnarok” short being included in the first episode of the show, which was centered around Norse mythology. Yet she would not be alone, and in time it was not just Disney artists who would contribute on the series (though certainly a lot of them did). Following the successful first season, Disney would be joined by a vast number of artists spanning from different animation studios the world over, who each contributed to various episodes of the show. Animation studios such Studio Ghibli from Japan (who worked on the Japanese myths and legends episodes), France’s Folimage (they worked on the Gaul and Celtic mythology/legends episode, as well as the French Legends/Myth episode from the third season) and the UK’s Collingwood & Co. (they did some of the Britain episodes and the King Arthur episodes from season two and nine[5]) would lend their talents to the series. Even Aardman did a whimsical stop-motion take on British myths from Beowulf to Boudica to King Arthur.

    Yet not only did the series provide an area for Disney and various animation studios to come together and show off their talents, but following the fourth season, a number of shorts in the series, starting with the “Echo and Narcissus” shot for the series’ third Greek Mythology themed episode (which was part of the show’s fourth season), would also begin to feature new classical music written exclusively for the show by contemporary composers, such as John Williams, Han Zimmer, Arvo Part, John Adams, Nobuo Uematsu, and Unsuk Chin.

    Ultimately Mythica, which debuted on PBS in May 1996 sponsored by Lucas’s Edutopia Foundation, was a massive critical and ratings success for the Network and, like Doctor Who, increased viewer donations to PBS. Best of all, it won big at the following year’s Emmy’s Awards, with multiple shorts being nominated and one in particular, the Resurrection of Osiris short from the first season’s Egypt episode, winning the Emmy for best animated short.

    deities-Egyptian-Osiris-Isis.jpg


    The Emmy Award winning short about the myth of Osiris, Isis, Set, and Horus. Was notably told in the unique form of animated Egyptian hieroglyphs. (Source: Britannica.com)

    Eventually Mythica would get two spinoffs on PBS, thereby starting the networks Fantasia Collection[6]. The first spinoff, Imagineria, would debut in 2000, and would be much closer to Fantasia/Musicana in terms of tone and theming, completely dropping the focus on myths and legends completely, as well as the Educational segments[7]. A second spinoff series, Historia, which debuted in 2005, was closer in style to Mythica and once again featured educational sections, but changed the focus to musically animated shorts centered around events from history.

    While Mythica would officially end its run in 2004 after 9 seasons, both of its sister series continue to run on PBS, with shorts from all three also occasionally being rerun on the Wonderful World of Disney. It nonetheless is considered an animation triumph and a highly respected masterpiece to animation and music fans the world over. But most importantly of all, the series and it’s [SIC] spinoffs have become a place where artists and later musicians/composers the world over could come together to make beautiful works of art through music, animation, and visual storytelling.





    [1] Produced by PBS in our timeline from 1977-1981, the series was hosted by Steve Allen, which featured guests who portrayed famous historical figures like Teddy Roosevelt, Cleopatra, and/or Marie Antionette would come and basically just talk to each other, discussing subjects like philosophy, religion, history, science, etc. Here it gets a revival, once again hosted by Allen (and then later Jayne Meadows after Allen passed away in 2000), that lasts from 1991-2004. Is notable for one episode which debuted in 1994 where Jim Henson and Stan Lee both guest starred on the show, playing themselves naturally, and featured them interacting with Tim Disney playing his grand uncle Walt Disney.

    [2] Each hour-long episode would delve into the history, culture, and areas of interest of one American City. Lasts in this timeline from 1992 to 1999.

    [3] Basically, think the live show from Magic Kingdom’s Liberty Square that lasted from 2016-2020, but as an actual TV series. Note that the idea will get recycled as shorts in Too Late with Miss Piggy and as “lip-synched” Muppet performances at Disneytown Philadelphia.

    [4] This episode would be a great example of an episode which didn’t use classical music, as it was notably instead accompanied by Native American music sung by descendants of the various tribes where the specific myth or legend used in the shorts came from.

    [5] Naturally since this is a Disney related production, in some of the shorts, Merlin and King Arthur’s designs are clearly inspired by those from Disney’s The Sword in the Stone, with Arthur usually looking like an older version of the Arthur from the Disney film. And yes, Britain sort of gets two different episodes, one for King Arthur related myths, one for everything else.

    [6] Considering Walt Disney himself reportedly wanted to do sequels to Fantasia and essentially make it a series before it flopped, this Fantasia Collection ironically kind of brings his dream for Fantasia to reality. All will be released on home media under the WED Signature label.

    [7] Basically it’s just Fantasia/Musicana in a TV show format, and since it’s not limited to a specific theme, it offers a lot of the artists way more freedom than before, since they can basically make a short about anything without limits to what it can be about as long as it’s done through visual storytelling. Ironically enough, it would also feature a number of versions of shorts that were in our timeline’s Fantasia 2000 like the Flying Whales short, the Flamingoes short and “The Firebird Sprite” Finale short.
     
    Election '96 Live Primary Coverage!
  • The Democratic Majority That Suddenly Wasn’t
    Newsweek, 2nd January 1996 Edition

    A Guest Post by @jpj1421


    Dick_Gephardt_color.jpg


    Dick Gephardt (D-MO) has likely had one of the most contentious terms of any Democratic Speaker over their four decades of consecutive control of the House. The trouble began, of course, on election night 1994 as it became clear that a wave of conservatism and populism was wiping out large swathes of Democratic members, including the Speaker of the House Tom Foley. As results were finalized, it was quite clear that the Democrats had actually lost the popular vote overall despite clinging to power through gerrymanders in some of the largest states, including California, Texas, and Illinois. Gephardt, as Majority Leader and next in line, would win the vote of his Party for Speaker in January, but from the moment he was handed the gavel by the outgoing Foley, he was fighting as much to hold his job as he was pushing President Gore’s agenda. And all while also being one of the leading public figures in the ultimately futile effort to bring the Rams NFL franchise to St. Louis.

    Minority Leader Dick Armey (R-TX) has led, with ample support from conservative radio and political action committees, an all-out attack on the legitimacy of the Democratic House. The fact that the majority is being propped up by gerrymanders has been a powerful PR tool with the public, of course. But also, Republicans have sought to win over conservative Democrats in historically Democratic districts in the South that voted for Presidents Reagan and Bush. When Alabama Senator Richard Shelby switched from Democratic to Republican without uproar from his constituents, this helped convince other targeted members that switching was in their best interest too. Nathan Deal[1] of Georgia was the next to switch in April, followed by Greg Laughlin of Texas in June, and then Billy Tauzin of Louisiana in August, which is when Democrats officially lost their majority. At that point the House of Representatives entered its first coalition government since World War I, in both cases a Democratic plurality that lost the popular vote but secured the majority through Socialist votes. In this case it is Vermont’s Bernie Sanders, who was enough to defeat any direct effort to remove Gephardt as Speaker. But when Representative Mel Reynolds[2] of Illinois was forced to resign in October, leaving his seat vacant until a Special Election can be held in December, and Michael Parker of Mississippi, citing distress over caucusing with a Socialist, became the most recent party-switcher, suddenly the House was thrown into chaos with the balance now being held by the Reform Party members.

    Historically, Speaker elections after the beginning of a session have been due to a vacancy in the office created by a resignation or death. While there has been a change in party control after an election, and a number of special elections after the 1930 midterm switched control of the House, this had never happened during a session.[3] But there is precedent from 1910 of the House being able to vote that the office of Speaker is “vacant”, a maneuver much like a no confidence vote in a Parliamentary government (in that case a failed effort to unseat Speaker Joseph Cannon). With the Democrats below the majority threshold, Republicans began lobbying Reform hard to agree to “vacate” the Speakership and force an election. Washington sources indicate that all sorts of juicy favors were offered: prominent committee slots, an agreement to some of the governmental reform planks, and the satisfaction of sticking it to the party that had ‘betrayed’ Ross Perot over NAFTA and were holding the House without a mandate. Republicans felt as though, even if they couldn’t secure the Speakership in their own right during a forced election, they could at least topple Gephardt and land a blow on the Democrats going into the 1996 election.

    Of course, Speaker Gephardt wasn’t standing idly by waiting to be forced out of office.

    In some ways, Dick Gephardt has had a unique sort of political journey, one best for reaching out to Reform. The Founding Chair of the centrist Democratic Leadership Council, and a previous supporter of President Reagan’s tax cuts, Gephardt had been steadily moving into a more populist direction as he courted unions in his failed 1988 bid for the Presidency. When NAFTA came up for a vote, the then House Majority Leader (along with then House Majority Whip and current Majority Leader David Bonior) voted against it despite President Gore’s support. With a trade skeptical, but not hostile to business, record, Gephardt can sell himself as a fellow traveler of sorts to the Reform members and was thus able to convince them to vote against the Republican coup. And beyond his record, Gephardt had invited the Reform members into the budget talks in the summer and, reportedly, has been meeting with the less conservative members outside the Capitol building. When the budget was passed in September,[4] the Reform members had left their stamp on it. Thus, when Armey approached Reform Leader John Michael to force a vacancy vote, he was politely rebuffed. Republicans were frustrated by the lack of support, but could content themselves with being able to partner with Reform to block any unacceptably liberal legislation from passing Congress.

    This Democratic-Reform pseudo-coalition of convenience is making for strange bedfellows either way. With Democratic control relying on Reform acquiescence, the remainder of the Congressional session will likely focus on non-, bi-, or tri-partisan issues. On the docket, or example, are issues broadly approved of by the public, including government waste and fraud reduction, a line-item veto act, immigration enforcement, and welfare reform. Perhaps this addition of a third party into government will force some amount of consensus building rather than liberal and conservative loggerheads. Of course, some of the loudest candidates for the Republican Presidential nomination are stridently opposed to any sort of ‘capitulation’, so this current pause in the fighting may be more of a cease fire than a détente. Only time will tell.



    * * *​

    Buchanan Wins Iowa Caucus
    Washington Post, February 13th, 1996


    160531-clift-pat-buchanan2-embed_vxnorz

    Buchanan on the Campaign Trail (Image source The Daily Beast)

    Des Moines – Conservative populist firebrand Pat Buchanan of Virginia won a narrow victory in yesterday’s GOP Presidential Caucus in Iowa, winning out over the favored Senator Bob Dole of Kansas and shocking GOP insiders. Coming on top of his wins in the Alaska and Louisiana Caucuses, the Iowa win makes Buchanan the clear front runner going into New Hampshire, where he has a slight lead in the polls. Riding a wave of conservative anger at Dole’s support for the 1994 Health Care bill, Buchanan’s late surge left him with a final tally of 26.4% to Dole’s 24.5%, with Lamar Alexander of Tennessee coming in third with 16.4%, Phil Graham of Texas fourth with 9.7%, and Newt Gingrich of Georgia fifth with 8.2%. “The GOP base is irate with Dole,” said one GOP Pollster. “They see his support for the Gorecare Bill as a betrayal of Conservative principles.”

    CNN pundit Bernard Shaw declared the victory a “Political Tsunami”[5] and called it a sign of disaffection with GOP leadership and growing nativism in the GOP caucus. Other pundits cite Buchanan’s victory as another sign of the surge in US populism in the 1990s. “Buchanan struck a populist tone,” said Shaw’s co-anchor, pundit and political writer Judy Woodruff. “He modulated his nativist stance somewhat, focusing on potential job losses from Hispanic immigrants, and played up his Evangelical credentials, which played well with rural Iowa Caucus-goers, but mostly he played to populist concerns over federal government power and agricultural competition from NAFTA.” Cont’d on A2.



    Buchanan Wins New Hampshire Primary
    Washington Post, February 21st, 1996


    Concord – Conservative populist Pat Buchanan handily won the 1996 New Hampshire primary, cementing his lead in the GOP Presidential Race. With 28% of the vote to Bob Dole’s 22%, the victory cements Buchanan as the clear front runner. Lamar Alexander dropped to fourth place after a surprise surge by Georgia conservative and GOP operative Newt Gingrich of Georgia, who managed to take third place with 23% of the vote. Gingrich mingled with the voters frequently in the lead up to the race and presented himself as an a more moderate alternative to Buchanan, but still a “true conservative” unlike Dole, whose support for the 1994 Health Care Act continues to plague him… Cont’d on A3.



    Dole Drops Out following Anemic Primary Performance
    Washington Post, March 3rd, 1996


    Robert_J._Dole.jpg

    Charleston – Kansan Senator Bob Dole has announced that he will drop out of the 1996 Republican Presidential race following a surprise upset loss to Newt Gingrich in the South Carolina Primary and underperformances in Arizona and the Dakotas. “It is with a heavy heart that I announce my withdrawal from consideration for the Office of the President of the United States,” Dole told the disappointed crowd at his campaign headquarters. He also took time to endorse conservative Georgia Republican Newt Gingrich for the office. “Newt is a good friend and an effective leader,” Dole said, “and he will be a strong conservative voice for America.” Cont’d on A2.



    Gingrich Sweeps Super Tuesday
    Washington Post, March 6th, 1996


    NewtGingrich.jpg


    Atlanta – Conservative operative and former Representative New Gingrich of Georgia swept the “Super Tuesday” primaries, winning commanding leads over early favorite Pat Buchanan of Virginia and setting himself up as the presumptive nominee. The wins come following the recent withdrawal of Bob Dole and Lamar Alexander from the race, with Gingrich claiming numerous endorsements from GOP bigwigs. “The very idea of a Buchanan candidacy terrifies them,” said one insider. “Newt’s got some skeletons, but he’s by far the lesser evil here. Besides, unlike Pat, Newt could actually win this thing!”

    The insider is referring to recent polling that shows Gingrich pulling a narrow victory over President Gore and Ross Perot in a hypothetical three-way race. And the recent announcement by Perot that he is “strongly considering” entering the race makes the possibility of a three-way duel very real. “A Newt Gingrich victory would be terrible for America,” said Democratic operative James Carville. “Sure, a Buchanan presidency would be worse, don’t get me wrong, but Newt would be a major setback to the Progressive gains that we’ve made in the last four years, and I’m urging Mr. Perot to please sit this one out.” Cont’d on A2.



    Projected 1996 Electoral Map as of Spring ’96 based on Polling Data:

    genusmap.php

    Gingrich – 276
    Gore – 252
    Perot – 10



    Transcript from the March 6th, 1996, Episode of The Tonight Show with David Letterman

    Dave
    : So, Paul, it appears that the South has finally gotten up off its fat, lazy ass and risen again. We now have three southerners in competition for the Presidency. Gore from Tennessee, Gingrich from Georgia, and Perot from Texas

    Paul: Yea, I saw.

    Dave: Yes, and Gingrich in particular has been fighting to keep the Confederate Flag flying in Georgia despite a major push by Jane Fonda and Jane Eisner. Did you know that the Georgia flag still has the Rebel Flag on it, Paul?

    Paul: Oh, yes. Crazy!

    Dave: So, polling suggests that Gingrich may actually become the next president. We could have the rebel flag flying over the White House soon.

    Paul: I guess I was smart to save that Confederate Money.

    Audience laughs.

    Dave: Well, there are worse things than a Gingrich presidency, Paul.

    Paul: And what could possibly be worse than President Grinch?

    Dave: We could have President Enby the Peacock!

    Paul: OH, GOD NO!!!

    Audience laughs and cheers.



    [1] He did so in our timeline, as did the rest of the ones mentioned. Jim Hayes lost in this timeline 1994 and so isn’t in Congress to switch.

    [2] Per our timeline. Notably Norman Mineta does not leave office in this timeline, as the margins are just too narrow and the Democratic leadership leans on him to stay, and so his seat does not flip parties.

    [3] In the old days Congress would just often not convene until a year after the most recent election. The First session 72nd Congress, elected in 1930, didn’t meet until December 1931 so the party control happened in between the election and Congress convening.

    [4] Of course, in our timeline this was not passed and the government shut down during the winter.

    [5] He used the same words when Buchanan won the New Hampshire Primary in our timeline.
     
    Up with your Chinny Chin Chin
  • Talking Hansel & Gretel (1996) with its Creators
    Interview with Phil Nibbelink and Tim Disney from AniMagic with Debbie Deschanel on the Disney Channel, February 6th, 2014

    Int – Studio (Chromakey)

    DEBBIE the host sits in a director’s chair across from two director’s chairs with Phil Nibbelink and Tim Disney. The chromakey background changes to show the title page for the show and occasionally plays stills and clips from the film to coincide with the discussion. The AniMagic theme plays.

    TITLE CARD: “AniMagic, with Debbie Deschanel”

    Debbie
    Hello again, Disney Fans, and welcome to AniMagic, where we explore the behind-the-scenes magic that brings animation to life. And with me today are Phil Nibbelink and Tim Disney, the director and producer of the Disney/Amblimation animated feature, Hansel & Gretel, a fun and deconstructive take on the Grim Brothers tale.

    Phil
    Thank you, Debbie, it’s great to be here.

    Tim
    Yes, thank you for having us.

    Debbie
    Now, it’s worth mentioning that this feature was a very long time coming, reportedly going all the way back to the days of Walt​


    Tim
    Yes, that is correct. My Great Uncle had been supporting a live-action production back in the 1960s before his untimely passing, which was produced by Bill Anderson, to be directed by Norman Tokar, and with a soundtrack by the Sherman Brothers. There’d been an album in ’64 and things were progressing well, but then Uncle Walt passed and the project faded away without him.

    Phil
    Disney had played with the story for years. He had a 1932 Silly Symphony short Babes in the Woods about H&G.​

    babes-in-the-woods-c2a9-walt-disney.jpg

    Still from Babes in the Woods (1932) (Image source Dr. Grob’s Animation Review)

    Debbie
    But then Steven Spielberg came into the picture.

    Phil
    Yes, Steve had collaborated with us in Disney Feature Animation twice by that point, with Shrek and Cats. The latter was where I had met him.

    Debbie
    You’d done character animation on Bustopher Jones.

    Phil
    Yes, and we gave him and the animation style in general a Gatsbyesque, art deco look that Steve really liked. So, we started to talk. I’d been a full animator for Disney since the days of The Fox and the Hound, but I wanted to direct and competition was very high in that regard, as you might imagine. There were and are so many good animators at Disney.​

    EJyByx7UcAAfdHd.jpg

    (Image source PBS Twitter)

    Debbie
    Spielberg offered you the chance to direct the next Amblimation collaboration, I assume?

    Phil
    Eventually (laughs). Back then Amblimation wasn’t really an animation team as much as a small production team, and we did talk about my future in a lot of ways. But for the start, he asked me what I’d make if I had carte blanche. And, well, after kicking a few ideas around, we started talking about the Brothers Grimm.

    Debbie
    And that’s where Tim comes in, correct?

    Tim
    Yea, I overheard them talking about H&G and I felt the need to butt in. As a young kid I’d had the chance to see Bill’s production team working on the film in the mid ‘60s and got to hear the Shermans writing some of the songs[1]. I was very, very young so it was mesmerizing.

    Phil
    He totally had Steve and I convinced that we needed to resurrect that project!

    Tim
    Yea, we went to the archives and dug everything up: the original script by A.J. Carothers, the Master Tapes and sheet music of the Sherman Brothers songs, concept art, costume studies, the whole works! It was really exciting for me since it was like rediscovering my childhood

    Phil
    And Steve really picked up on that passion, so he dragged Tim and I into making this as an Amblimation co-production. Tim convinced Jim [Henson] and it was done.

    Debbie
    You dropped the live action angle fairly quickly, then.

    Tim
    Yes, Debbie, Steve really wanted to do an animated feature. We briefly discussed a hybrid animation like Roger Rabbit or Lost in La Mancha, perhaps live action kids in an animated world, like the Alice Diaries, but very quickly settled on fully animated.

    Debbie
    So, for the animation you did things 2D, but computerized.

    Phil
    Yes, we did everything through the DATA systems, so many of the images started hand-sketched, though some we entered directly into the computer using tablets and light pens. Steve fell in love with the midcentury minimalist look of the cover art for the 1964 album, so rather than follow the traditional “Disney look” we instead deliberately took everything into that midcentury minimalism. It was the 1990s and the ‘60s were back in the public imagination. Jurassic Park had a midcentury vibe already, Bond was back in the ‘50s, and Shagwell was just a few years out at this point…you get it.​

    1036240749.0.x.jpg

    Vintage 1964 Album cover that inspired the minimalist animation (Image source Biblio.com)

    Tim
    I loved it. Again, it was a portal back into my childhood.

    Debbie
    It probably also made the animation easier.

    Phil
    (laughs) Yea, easier and cheaper. So many of the minimalist shapes were simple Platonic geometry: circles and rectangles and triangles. Very easy to make digital. The strange thing was that we ended up having to simplify the movement to something more like if we were shooting on the fours so it “looked right” and didn’t flow with uncanny smoothness.

    Debbie
    Shooting four frames per one still, you mean.

    Phil
    Yes. This gave it a movement profile that matched the midcentury animation style, but we did it in a way that looked artful, not cheap, if you catch my drift.

    Debbie
    Yes, a stylistic choice rather than a fiscal one. The animation was nominated for an Annie for innovation. But let’s also talk about the story and dialog, which also bridged the ‘60s and ‘90s in a unique way. Like with the earlier Shrek and Cats, the dialog was very snarky and borderline self-aware. Well, fully self-aware for MacCavity in particular, of course. But much of that aspect hearkens all the way back to the original A.J. Carothers script, yes?

    Phil
    Yes, one of the original deconstructive elements of the Carothers script – and this was way before anyone was using the term “deconstructive”, mind you – was that Hansel & Gretel were themselves total brats. Their father the woodcutter was too busy to properly raise them after their mother died, so they were complete terrors. Of course, the humor came when the wicked witch tries to marry their father, disguised as a beautiful woman. She hopes to capture the power of True Love, the one power beyond her grasp, but since True Love must be given, not taken, she sets off to trick their dad into giving it to her. OK, that came off wrong.​

    All laugh.

    Phil
    Anyway, the comedy of errors happens as the witch, in bad faith, pretends to want to love these kids and acts ridiculously friendly to them, at least when dad is watching, but they see through her disguise.

    Debbie
    It sounds very Wicked Stepfather.

    Phil
    Yea, and Macaulay Culkin was our first through to voice Hansel, but his voice was cracking by this point.

    Debbie
    But you still had to modernize things, yes?

    Tim
    Yea, A.J.’s original script betrayed its 1960s origins in some rather not-with-the-times ways, and so we handed it to Carrie Fisher at Steve’s suggestion. Carrie, of course, told me that she could “totally relate” to the witch. And witches were getting a bit of an image makeover in the ‘90s anyway. So the witch was tweaked into a more sympathetic character. Carrie made her a sort of Norma Desmond character, once a great and powerful and bewitchingly beautiful enchantress, but now reduced to an “old hag in the woods doing crude charms”, as she saw herself. Her attempts to extort True Love were not just a way to power, but a way to turn her life around after the world of magic shunned her as “yesterday’s news”.

    Debbie
    She was replaced by someone younger and more beautiful, in other news.

    Tim
    Exactly. Systemic sorcerous sexism, as Pratchett says. Of course, the irony is that she’s not really that ugly. We dispensed with the green skin and nasty teeth and made her a perfectly normal forty-something woman with a few extra curves and wrinkles, just to heighten the stupidity and vanity of it all.

    Debbie
    But she’s still the villain.

    Tim
    More or less. Sort of an anti-villain. Understandable motives, not evil per se, just driven to desperation. And yet still doing something wrong. In general, we wanted the audience to sort-of root for her to succeed.

    Debbie
    And part of that was making the kids total brats.

    Phil
    (laughs) Yea, we kept that aspect of the original [script] and ran with it. Two uncontrolled chaos machines. Not bad kids per se, but certainly in need of some guidance and attentive parenting.

    Debbie
    So for casting you said you originally considered Macaulay Culkin, but ended up getting Nancy Cartwright of Nuclear Family fame, which is why Hansel arguably sounds like Bart crossed with Ralphie.

    Phil
    Yea, but he still sounds like Hansel to me.

    Debbie
    Jude Barsi voiced Gretel, of course. John Goodman for their father the Woodsman. Bette Midler as Agnes the Witch. Frank Welker for, well, pretty much everyone and everything else.

    Tim
    Yea, they were great. We had a blast with the recording. Fun fact: Gretel’s burp was an unscripted moment by Jude. She “let it slip” after drinking too much Pepsi and we decided to keep it in, which gave my dad a near heart-attack!

    Debbie
    And we should also take the time to acknowledge the music. The Sherman Brothers’ original six songs were taken almost word-for-word with some pragmatic changes made based on some different directions taken with the Fisher cut of the screenplay. I mean, there are some great classic “old Disney” style songs there. (Sings) “Chin up/ You'll be happy hearted/ Once you get it started/ Up with your chinny chin chin!”​

    (Tim and Phil applaud; Debbie waves them off, looking embarrassed)

    Phil
    You know, we may be looking for another singer for…

    Debbie
    (laughs) Oh please!

    Tim
    Yes, I remember them working on “Chin Up” as a kid. It’s great, all the happy forest animals singing it when Agnes tricks them into getting lost in the woods. H&G’s sarcastic responses are priceless. There’s also the Woodcutter singing “Guardian Star” and “Love Is…”, not to mention the kids singing “If I Could Be What I'd Like to Be”, which helped to humanize the little terrors. (laughs)

    Tim
    Yea, we loved getting to play with the ironic juxtaposition of the cheery Old Skool music and the modern cynicism. The irony was great. It was both a celebration of the Walt Years and a nod to postmodern sensibilities.

    Debbie
    But this is a PG-rated happy ending film, despite the cynicism.

    Phil
    Of course, Debbie! In the original script and in the original storyboards Agnes throws herself into the oven and is magically, and preposterously, transformed into gingerbread men. It didn’t work for a variety of reasons. And by this point Carrie had made us all like Agnes so much that we wanted to see her live. So in the end when all of her glamor and bad-faith attempts to get the Woodsman to love her and attempts to ditch the bratty kids fall through, and she lets her guard and glamor down, that’s when he and the kids actually get to know her and learn to love her. So True Love manifests in a familial way and allows her to transform, well, into herself, really. No more beautiful enchantress, but a loving wife and mother who becomes a beloved healer and protector for the local villagers. With a heaping dollop of self-awareness about this all, of course.​

    NOV19-babes-in-the-woods-released-TDID1180x600.jpg

    (Image source D23)

    Debbie
    But this meant changing the whole “trying to eat the kids” thing.

    Tim
    Yea, making her a murderous cannibal would be a hard thing for audiences to just overlook, so we made it all a misunderstanding by the kids. In reality the gingerbread cottage was a distraction to keep the kids fat and forgotten while she worked her long con on their dad. A series of comedic misunderstandings lead H&G to be sure she’s going to cook and eat them.

    Debbie
    Hence the original seventh song “I’ll have you over for dessert” by the Sherman Brothers and Alan Menken.

    Tim
    Of course, and it was a childhood dream come true sitting with the brothers to help compose the song. We lost Robert a couple of years ago, so there’s a bittersweet attachment to the song for me now.

    Debbie
    Hansel & Gretel debuted on March 29th, 1996, and managed to pull in $89 million[2] against a $52 million budget, so a mild underperformance, but it made up lost ground in home media and syndication. Today it’s considered a classic.

    Phil
    Yea, I was really hoping for a nine-figure return, but the combination of old and new alienated some audiences at the time. Still, for my directorial debut I can’t complain too much. I did well enough that Steve offered me a job at Amblimation, and I accepted. We spun up an actual core animation team so we were no longer wholly reliant on Disney, even though given Amblin’s investment in Disney we still typically partner with them.

    Tim
    And for me it was a production debut after struggling as a writer. My last name meant nothing and I had to earn my stripes like everyone else. Dad flat out forced me to work in the trenches with Brian and Cheryl Henson, and Oliver and the Dodger became my first break, but H&G is my crowning achievement in feature animation. I went mostly into TV after that.

    Debbie
    And with that, we are out of time. Thank you to Phil Nibbelink and Tim Disney for giving us the inside scoop into 1996’s classic Disney/Amblimation partnership, Hansel & Gretel.

    Phil
    Thanks Debbie!

    Tim
    Greatly appreciated, I enjoyed my time.

    Debbie
    This has been AniMagic. I’m Debbie Deschanel, and I’ll see you all next week when we discuss the first Amblimation co-production, Shrek, with some of its creators.​

    The AniMagic theme plays as the lights fade out.

    TITLE CARD: “AniMagic, with Debbie Deschanel”

    Fade to commercial



    [1] Making an assumption here. He was born in 1961 so he’d hypothetically be able to be wandering the floor with his family at the time.

    [2] Roughly on par with what the thematically similar Hoodwinked! Made in 2005 in our timeline, accounting for inflation.
     
    Last edited:
    Hey, Jude...
  • Interview with Judith Barsi
    From Fresh Air with Terry Gross, first aired August 15th, 1996

    TG
    : Hello and welcome again to Fresh Air. With me today is actress Judith Barsi, who most recently has been doing voice work for animation as well as for the computer-generated dinosaurs in the upcoming Dinotopia. She has been the star of many productions, and the subject of challenging drama behind the scenes as well. Welcome, Judith.

    df0xzrr-d25544c7-557a-4078-8005-15465fd1a361.jpg

    Jude Barsi, 1996 (Image by @nick_crenshaw82)

    JB: Hey, thanks, Terry, call me Jude.

    TG: Jude. You’ve been acting since you were three, including performing in numerous film and television roles throughout the 1980s before transitioning to voice work.

    JB: Yea, I’d be the obnoxious little girl or the precocious little girl or the adorable little girl…you’re seeing a pattern, right? Well, I had fun with that for a while, you know. It was a nice escape, but as I got older all the attention became an issue for me. Then Steve Spielberg brought me in to do voiceover work for Stryker on The Land Before Time, who was, well, a precocious little styracosaurus (laughs). That was my first big film role and my first voice work. Unlike cartoons, where the voice work is done before they start animating, I got to visit the set and see the real dinosaurs, which were honestly kind of scary for me at the time, which was super cool (laughs). Then Disney brought me in to do dub work as Setsuko in Grave of Fireflies and Chika in [My Neighbor] Totoro. Lots of stuff for Nocturns. I voiced the cute little fish friend Flounder in The Little Mermaid and Don Bluth hired me for Anne-Marie in All Dogs go to Heaven and then gave me various roles as kids in Ritzy Gal and Retriever. Slight change when I played a precocious boy ghost in Casper, though I at least got some good dramatic stuff in there. Most recently I voiced Gretel in Hansel & Gretel. I’m eighteen and still playing precocious little girls (laughs).

    TG: You’re also currently voicing an intelligent and outgoing little girl for Whoopass Stew.

    JB: (laughs) Yea. Blossom.

    TG: It’s a cartoon that we’ve gotten plenty of requests about from our listeners. We did our interview with Craig McCracken and Genndy Tartakovsky, who praised you as well as Tara Freeman and E.G. Daly. Can you give our readers a taste of Blossom?

    JB: (as Blossom) Alright, girls! Remember the plan and let’s go kick Mojo’s ass!

    Terry laughs.

    JB: Honestly, I play Blossom, but I really identify more with Buttercup. She’s dark and she kicks the most ass. (passible impression of Buttercup) Aw, man! This is bullcrap! Can’t I just kick his ass? (as self) Yea, sorry Liz!

    TG: (laughs) But you did manage to break out of the Precocious Typecast with Pip in Gargoyles, who became a breakout hit character for her mix of seeming innocence and casual cruelty.

    JB: Yea, great stuff there, Terry. And yea, they originally handed me a Pip that was, you guessed it, a precocious, innocent little thing. I was like “[bleep] that! Make her kick some ass!” She then evolved into the diabolical little bitch we all know and love. I got a tat’ of her here on my arm, not far from my heart. (as Pip) “Come out, come out, it’s time to play! Let’s laugh and dance the night away!” (giggles menacingly)

    TG: Delightfully chilling! And you still occasionally make live performances too. Luke Skywalker’s apprentice Halixiana in the made for TV Star Wars special Luke of Tatooine, for example.

    JB: Yea, that was fun, but I hated the makeup. I played a…let’s see if I remember it right…twy-lick, so it was three [bleep]ing hours in a makeup chair as they painted my skin baby-diaper green and put these huge tentacle-like “head tails” on me that hurt my neck. I started calling them my “head [bleep]s” because there’s just something weirdly Freudian about them. I also cameo as a pterodactyl rider in Dinotopia and voice some background dinosaurs.

    TG: But you prefer voice work.

    JB: Yea, much more. No costumes or makeup required. I can show up in jeans. They don’t care if I’m a few pounds overweight. I had to lose fifteen pounds for the Star Wars thing and then they hang ten more pounds in prosthetics back on me. Whatever.

    TG: You’ve been open about your struggles with eating disorders and body image.

    JB: Yea, it started young. I looked young and had a high-pitched voice so I could be a ten-year-old and play a seven-year-old, so producers loved me because I could work longer hours and pay better attention than a kid the right age. But then I hit twelve and my boobs started growing in, which threatened those sweet gigs, so they put me on these diets. I developed an unhealthy relationship with food where I was obsessed with it but also revolted by it. I still can’t just have ice cream without feeling self-conscious about it. I’ve found some help groups and all, but it still sticks with me.

    TG: You called yourself a “survivor of child acting” when talking to Arsenio Hall. Can you elaborate?

    JB: Yea, Terry, well, you know it’s always hard growing up in Hollywood. There’s so much going on all around you and to you and behind your back, so it’s a real roller coaster of emotion. On one hand you have these producers that butter you up and tell you you’re special and that you’re going to be a big star and then when you’re not doing what they want they turn around and tell you you’re nothing and that they can replace you. There’s big expectations, you know? But then you’re working these long hours, often at weird times and places, and then you have to do school too. They have tutors or therapists sometimes, Disney is really good about that, but then you’re constantly getting interrupted because there’s a take, so it can be hard to concentrate.

    TG: You’ve found other former child actors and formed a bit of a support group, yes?

    JB: Yea. Drew’s sort of the leader.

    TG: Drew Barrymore.

    JB: Yea. She’s [bleep]ing awesome. Sam…Samantha Smith calls her the “Canary” like the one in the coal mine. She was the first one of us through the gauntlet and she went out of her way for people like me and Sam and all. She gave us a lot of advice and still checks in on us and we go out of our way to be there for the next generation. We’ve recently “recruited,” if that’s the word, Macaulay Culkin, whose career stalled out the second he hit puberty and who’s seen some [bleep] himself. Neal Patrick Harris too. Dr. Who was a roller coaster for him.

    TG: Speaking of Samantha Smith, the two of you had a falling out a few years ago.

    JB: Yea, I’d been working with her on Law & Order behind the scenes, kind of telling her everything. And she’s so beautiful and has parents who love her and has this great life, and honestly, I was so jealous because I’d gotten [bleep] on all of my life. We got in an argument on the set that’s, like, now legendary, but Drew intervened and got us back together.

    TG: And you’re friends again?

    JB: Closer than ever, really. You learn about people and you find out that her life wasn’t picture perfect either. Creepy stalkers. Obsessive fans. Repressed pedophiles that still see her as the little girl from The Littlest Diplomat. You know. On that last bit, we both started getting hounded by nudie mags the second we turned 18, the [bleep]ing pervoes. “Hey, you’re legal now! Show us your [bleep]s.” What the [bleep]? Christ, people suck.

    TG: You’ve made no secret of the fact that you were the victim of abuse.

    JB: Yea, my father has a long history of mental illness and alcohol abuse. He was physically and verbally abusive to both my mom and me.

    TG: And at one point he tried to kill you both.

    JB: Yea, back in ‘87. Disney had put us up at their Roman hotel in Disneyland when mom left him and he tried to break in with a gun. I don’t really think that he would have killed us, but just wanted to scare us, but anyway, he was arrested and he’s still in confinement between prison and psychiatric [hospitals].

    TG: In an interview you spoke about the pain that this caused you, the abuse and the arrest.

    JB: Yea, the [bleep]ed-up thing is that when he’s not hitting or yelling, he’s telling you how much that he loves you and wants to be there for you. You start to wonder if you’re the problem. He tells you the lies he tells himself to justify it all.

    TG: This affected you in physical ways.

    JB: I was gaining weight, which was causing the producers to talk to my parents about putting me on a diet. I was [bleep]ing 10. Dad would just drink and yell and throw pots and pans at me, which only made it worse.

    TG: And it was then that the self-abuse started…and the pet abuse.

    JB: Yea, I’d start to pull out my eyelashes or my cat’s whiskers[1]. My shrink calls it a nervous disorder resulting from my abuse, a sort of way to try and control things. I’ve worked with her on medication and replacement behaviors and it’s pretty cool now, though I still occasionally catch myself pulling on my hair when I’m nervous or upset. I occasionally get a buzz cut just to stop that habit. And before someone screams about the cat thing, yea, I’ve stopped that. I feel like [bleep] for doing that.

    TG: As a teen that gravitated to shallow cutting.

    JB: Yea. I’d have to wear long sleeves ‘cause I’d have all of these little cuts on my inner arm. The tats cover the scars now.

    TG: The tattoos. That’s Ysabel from Mort on your inner arm, yes?

    JB: Yea, I kind of, like, resonate with her. She grew up in a fake world out of time with Death as her father but still had to be girly, you know? I got her daughter Susan, who I voice for Reaper Man and Soul Music, here on the other one.

    TG: And did you ever seriously consider suicide?

    JB: Yea, sometimes. I was 14 and my mom had some pain pills. I thought about taking the whole lot, just, you know, ending it there. I’d already been cutting myself, of course. Nothing deep. I never put thoughts to action. But – and this is weird, I’m sure – I just wanted to know that if it came down to it, that I could end it, you know? Get out if I had to.

    TG: You’ve been in therapy since you were ten.

    JB: Yea. They started me on it at Disney. Jim and Cheryl Henson got me started. Thanks, Kermit! (laughs) It’s helped. I’ve tried about every med combo you can name, but the new SSRIs are working wonders. I still talk to my psychiatrist, like every week, sometimes more. Bipolar disorder, anxiety-depression, post-traumatic stress, occasional dissociative episodes…she loves me. I’m putting her [bleep]ing kids through college! Things are better, but they’ll probably never be great, you know?

    TG: You’ve since become an outspoken mental health advocate.

    JB: Yea, anyone listening to this, seriously, take care of yourself. No shame in it. You break your leg you go to the doctor, right? They put you in a cast and maybe give you some pills for pain. It’s the same if you break your brain. It’s no different. There’s still, like, a stigma to it, you know? Bull[bleep] really. People are stupid that way. But take care of yourself. Call a crisis hotline. See a therapist. Talk to your doctor. I doubt I’d still be here if I hadn’t taken care of myself. Like Drew says, “The world sucks, but you don’t have to. Be there for yourself and be there for each other.”

    TG: You’ve also called your work, particularly your work for producer and director Tim Burton, as your “work therapy.”

    JB: Oh, definitely, yea. Keeps me focused and connected to people who, you know, are there for me. Jim Henson and the Disney folks are awesome, but Tim and his Skeleton Crew are the best. I was doing Flounder [for The Little Mermaid] and came across some of the crazy art they were doing for Nocturns. Real dark [bleep]. I loved it.

    TG: You were already getting into the Goth subculture by that point.

    JB: Oh, totally. I was introduced to The Cure from watching Jonathan Scissorhands back when I was 13, and I so connected to it. That was like the start. I got big into Siouxsie and the Banshees and totally wanted to be Siouxsie. I’d already started dying my hair jet-black or blood red and was dressing up like Zondra from Digit’s World. So, like, I walk into the production room for the Skeleton Crew uninvited and just begged Tim to do voice work for, like, anything. I was [bleep]ing pathetic! Tim was, like, “you came to the right place.” They hired me not just to voice and act, but I became a production assistant and gofer. I’d give my thoughts on designs and music choice and I even got to meet Siouxsie and the Banshees when they recorded a bit for Season three of Nocturns. [bleep] it was beautiful.

    TG: You played a teenage vampire on “High School Sucks” for Season 4.

    JB: (laughs) Yea, it was brilliant. Joss [Whedon] wrote and directed that. I’d play this coy little innocent thing who got super-drunk at parties and the guys would think that I was an “easy lay”, but it was all a trap to, like, kill them and suck their blood. Speaking of “suck”, we even made a [long bleep] joke.

    TG: I’m sure we’ll have to censor that. An oral sex joke, you mean.

    JB: (laughs) Yea. (sultry voice) “You say you want me to…” (normal voice) Ok, ok! Your producer is waving that one off! (laughs loudly)

    TG: Some people were shocked by that portrayal, particularly when you “baited” females as well. The tabloids are claiming that you’ve dated both men and women. They specifically call out rumored relationships with an androgynous Goth musician and lesbian sitcom star.

    JB: Yea, no names, since neither relationship lasted long. Let’s just say that I have a “type” and it’s not a good one for me. Too much like “dear old dad.” We’ll leave it at that. I don’t like to talk about my relationships.

    TG: You mentioned about your character in that episode pretending to be drunk. You also got nominated for an Emmy playing an alcoholic teen on Law & Order. But you yourself do not drink alcohol.

    JB: Not a [bleep]ing drop. Seriously, real bad associations. Even the smell makes me shake! I smell booze on a man’s breath and I have an anxiety attack.

    TG: But you have admitted to marijuana use.

    JB: Yea, it helps me regulate. Nothing harder. I tried cocaine once and they had to restrain me before I destroyed everything and clawed someone’s eyes out. I was offered a tab of acid once and turned it down. The last thing that I need is a peek into my subconscious, thank you! Otherwise, just lots of coffee. Black like a psychopath.

    TG: No Starbucks mocha Frappuccino for you, I take it?

    JB: Are you [bleep]ing me, Terry? (laughs)

    TG: We need to take a short break. We’ll be back in a few minutes to speak more with Jude Barsi. This is Fresh Air on NPR.



    [1] Barsi reportedly did these things in our timeline in the years leading up to her murder.
     
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    Go Go Britzilla!!
  • Gorgo (1996)
    2009 – on Monsterland.net by Vikram "LilVikRex" Bukhari [Canadian; from Alberta]

    A Guest Post by @Plateosaurus with some tweaks by me and assists by @Nathanoraptor and @GrahamB


    [poster: an elephant-sized creature peers out from the ocean by a boat as a young child reaches out to it on a moonlit night]

    220px-Gorgo_1961_Film_Poster.jpg


    Director: Terry Jones

    Writer: Michael Palin and Terry Jones

    Producers: Tim Burton and Jerry Juhl

    Effects: Disney’s Creatureworks

    In the same period Toho had brought Godzilla into a new age and UPA was introducing a new generation of Americans to the silver screen’s biggest stars, MGM, just a few years after the latter was made another drone of the Disney monster, had decided to throw their hat into the Kaiju ring. Partnering with Columbia, which arguably still shared the distribution rights, MGM decided to remake the old 1961 Kaiju film Gorgo, which is often regarded as the “British Godzilla”.

    Like the 1961 film, 1996’s Gorgo is at its heart a tale of friendship and a mother-daughter love story, just in this case one about a large saurian monster who is captured by humans and sold to an entrepreneur, leading its angry mother to rampage and destroy the city. In some ways it’s your typical kaiju film: man pisses off giant monster, giant monster eats city, Captain Exposition laments man’s hubris in the face of nature. However, this film differentiates itself in several big ways, not just from other kaiju films, but from the 1961 original, to the point that calling it a remake instead of a reboot can be charitable, but that’s grasping at straws.

    Tim Burton called Gorgo “a sweet little tale of a boy and his monster.” Bernie Brillstein called it “Freeing Weidí meets Godzilla as written by Monty Python”. Others call it “that MGM Godzilla parody”, “Britzilla”, or “Burton & Palin’s salute to Ray Harryhausen.” Call it what you will, it’s a fun flick.

    Gorgo-1.jpg

    (Image source “dailydead.com”)

    But first, the obligatory Plot Summary:

    It’s the “modern day” of 1996 and the European seas have been plagued by a giant monster since the 1960s. Dubbed “Poseidon”, it’s a giant reptilian beast that, due to habitat encroachment and overfishing, has a history of attacking ships and raiding communities for their fish stocks. One small community in Yorkshire in particular regards her as a kind of bogeyman, where bad communities and people are punished when she eats the fish that sustain them. The Nilssens are one of these Yorkshire fishing families. Patriarch Joseph (Rodney Bewes) regards her as a nuisance that can be tolerated, 22-year-old son Herman (James McAvoy) sees her a menace to be destroyed, and young 12-year-old son Sean (Tom Sturridge) is endlessly fascinated by her.

    Sean is a shy and emotional kid with dreams of being a scientist, and, unbeknownst to his father and older brother, at night he likes to sneak out onto the shores, where he has met and befriended three playful little sea monsters, which he names Stheno, Euryale, and Gorgo, after the three gorgons from Greek myth. He suspects they’re actually Poseidon’s offspring, but isn’t sure. Either way, he’s “never telling dad” about them. Stheno is suspicious of Sean and Euryale is shy and timid, but Gorgo, the smallest, is curious and playful, and soon befriends Sean.

    Sadly, Gorgo becomes so friendly with Sean that one day he follows Sean and his family’s fishing boat, and is soon trapped in their fishing net. Herman suggests that they “cut off its bloody head and toss it back” while Sean pleads with his father to just let it go. But his father instead brings it back to show off to the other fishermen, where it becomes a local sensation, with many wondering if it’s related to Poseidon. The local authorities have Gorgo transported to an abandoned dock for temporary containment and Sean, feeling guilty for getting Gorgo captured, convinces his father to be Gorgo's watchman.

    Sean, of course, sneaks in behind his father’s back to talk to Gorgo, who is clearly sad, and calls pitifully out to his sisters Stheno and Euryale out in the ocean, who call out to him in turn. It’s a scene that’s either sweet and heartbreaking or sappy and boring depending upon whom you ask.


    GORGO cries out sadly to her distant sisters as melancholy music plays.

    Sean: Oh, Gorgo, I know that you miss your sisters. Don’t worry, I’ll break you out of here and get you back to them. I don’t know how, but I will…

    GORGO makes a sad mewling noise as SEAN hugs her nose.



    While the town and county officials debate what to do with “the sea creature”, they alert some scientists, who want to study her. Meanwhile, the clueless mayor Jerry McGonagall (Michael Palin) gets a call from a corporate representative from Dorling Systems. The scientists, led by Gerald Hendricks (John Cleese), confirm by a blood test that the creature is indeed the offspring of Poseidon, which sends the town into a panicked frenzy. Led by Herman Nilssen, they demand that this little “Gorgo” be removed from their town immediately before “mother arrives”, or better yet cut it up for bait.

    That night, many of the town council, as pressured by Herman, secretly sign a deal with Dorling Systems, a hydrodynamics technology company headed by the smarmy Martin Dorling (Tim Curry), to give Gorgo over for experiments to develop new technology. Dorling, backed by Herman, rallies a mob of disgruntled fishermen and business owners to push past Joseph and seize Gorgo, even as Sean begs his older brother not to. Gorgo is then put in a tank on a flatbed lorry and taken to Dorling’s London headquarters.

    Meanwhile, out in the ocean, mama Poseidon has heard the cries of her chicks and meets with Stheno and Euryale, who are clearly agitated. Poseidon then makes a B-line for the city of London. Navy fleets engage, led by arrogant and incompetent leaders, hoping to block her way. Mama soon tears through the navy fleets, exits the water, tears through the army, and rips apart buildings and scatters civilians along the way in a single-minded mission to find Gorgo. The scenes play out with a blend of horror, comedy, and popcorn-fueled city-smashing spectacle, all duly (and dully) narrated by Lord Raymond (Sir Richard Attenborough) in a nod to Raymond Burr in the old Godzilla films.


    A BUSINESSMAN (Eric Idle cameo) is driving along the M5 when POSEIDON crashes across the highway in front of him, flattening a Lorry. Momentarily shocked, he picks up his car phone and hits the speed dial.

    Businessman: Ah, yes, Miss Dalrymple? Can you please tell my three-o-clock that I can't make the meeting? We're having a bit of a giant monster issue on the M5.


    All of the obligatory London landmarks are destroyed, with Poseidon even going out of her way to destroy the NatWest Tower in an obvious “take that” to the controversial skyscraper, which many considered an out-of-place eyesore at the time (Palin was recently asked at a Con panel what she’d think of the Gherkin, to which he alluded that she might use it for “something rather inappropriate and R-rated”).

    3fe3ff532693595e312ef80222c4a77c9a8fff28_hq.gif

    Burton’s team deliberately recreates this scene (Image source “aminoapps.com”)

    In the process of trying to reach and free Gorgo, however, she causes the Dorling Building holding Gorgo to collapse, trapping Gorgo along with Sean. As Sean and Gorgo cry out, father Joseph, hearing the cries, manages to organize a group of citizens, including Hendricks and some of his scientists, to help sift through the rubble to free them. Despite a direct attempt by Dorling and his minions to stop the rescue, Herman, afraid to lose his brother and suddenly aware of his errors, punches Dorling in the face allowing the group to succeed in freeing Gorgo and Sean, finally reuniting Gorgo with her mother and Sean with his father and brother in a heartwarming scene wryly commented upon by McGonagall and Hendricks.

    Poseidon then, almost as a comedic afterthought, devours a fleeing Dorling in a single gulp.

    The mob, Dorling’s minions, and Herman are arrested and are due in court soon, with Herman willing to “face up to his mistakes” and make things right. Sean and Gorgo, Stheno, and Euryale have one last moment together as Poseidon looks on before the three swim off with their mother into the sunrise, with one last narration by Lord Raymond before Hendricks tells him, “that’s enough, m’lud. Show’s over.”

    And now for the obligatory Production discussion:

    The story of the Gorgo reboot began with the success of Kong: King of Skull Island and the announcement of the Godzilla 1997 release. MGM Chair Tom Wilhite wanted in on the game. They considered using the retained rights to the old Hasbro Inhumanoids before it was realized that 1961’s Gorgo had been an MGM release, and that conceivably they still had distribution rights along with Columbia. Production rights were up in the air and arguably public domain given that the original production company, King Brothers, had been defunct since ’69. Still, though MGM contacted Turner if only to avert any sort of lawsuit, frivolous or otherwise. Turner agreed to share production and distribution if his Columbia Peach Grove Studios could have the Theme Park rights, whose ownership was likewise ambiguous.

    Tim Burton and his Skeleton Crew were recruited to do the production with an assist by Muppets alum Jerry Juhl, although Burton declined to actually direct it himself. Terry Jones would thus be tapped for the director’s chair, while the script would be penned by Jones and fellow Python alum Michael Palin, who’d also play town official Jerry McGonagall. Knowing that the film would inevitably be compared to Toho and Universal pictures’ creations and wanting the film to stand apart, Palin would give the film a comedic makeover, subtly and affectionately lampooning of the clichés of the kaiju genre in the way only Brits can do while simultaneously indulging in the guilty pleasure tropes of the genre. Burton and company gave the film a full Harryhausen-esque makeover, deliberately quoting the tropes and cinematography of vintage Kaiju films from the midcentury even as they used modern effects techniques to wow audiences. Filming took place in both Cornwall and London throughout late spring and summer of 1990 with set shoots at Elstree Studios in a deal arranged with Atlantic Communications.

    Undoubtedly, we’re here for Poseidon and the Gorgons, so let’s start with them and their design. First, they have quite the unique look: instead of the generic Godzilla-lite design of the 1961 version, they’re semi-quadrupedal creatures taking inspiration from the dinosaur Baryonyx[1], with long necks, snouts, arms, and claws, memorably described by Palin as the result of “An anteater, crane, and crocodile [having] a ménage a’ trois”. Coincidentally, they’re reminiscent in some ways of fellow British kaiju Giant Behemoth, coincidentally also created by Gorgo creator Eugene Lourie. They did keep the iconic original Gorgo “ears”, though.

    220px-The_Giant_Behemoth.jpg
    OrderlyDisgustingAvians-size_restricted.gif

    The Giant Behemoth (1959) (Image sources Wikipedia & “gfycat.com”)

    Meanwhile, Gorgo has gained the two siblings of Steno and Euryale in this iteration as the production team had a thing about the number 3, and all have different personalities: Gorgo, the youngest, is friendly to humans as far as reptilian kaiju go, oldest chick Stheno is aggressive, while middle chick Euryale is shy and timid.

    As for visuals, they’re all primarily rendered by a mixture of animatronics, CG, and practical effects. There’s even some stop motion effects courtesy of Burton, Selick, and Chiodo, especially in the marine and London sequences, all of which display heavy Harryhausen influence in their composition.

    Story-wise, on one hand there’s a very Spielbergian feel to the film, especially in the relationships between Sean and the gorgon triplets, Gorgo in particular. Gorgo and her sisters are shown as intelligent, playful animals much like bear or lion cubs, while Poseidon is treated with awe and fascination as much with fear, like an ancient god. Like all the best kaiju films, there’s a clear theme of man’s hubris against nature in it: most of the people (outside of the smarter ones) regard the Ogratitans as horrifying monsters that must be destroyed before they can hurt humanity. But this proves a bad decision, especially since Poseidon only starts attacking people after Dorling or the navy hurt them. Indeed, even before that, there’s the fact that reckless overfishing of the ocean is what drove Poseidon to emerge and start raiding the fishing boats in the first place.

    Personally, the highlight would be both John Cleese‘s Professor Hendricks and Tim Curry’s Martin Dorling. Hendricks is the friendly and reasonable but immensely snarky scientist who studies the Ogratitans, while Dorling is the smarmy CEO of Dorling Systems who chews the scenery like a salesman and a preacher. Both are already amusing, but when the two characters share scenes, their arguments are as hilarious as they come. Is it any wonder they’d reunite for the comedy Horseplay[2]?


    POSSIDON emerges from the water of the Lower Thames, roaring. People flee in panic. HENDRICKS and DORLING watch, amusingly unperturbed, even as panicking pedestrians flee all around them.

    Hendricks: Ah, yes, I see her now. Clearly your standard Giant European Sea Saurian. (points with his pipe) You can tell by the, ah, ear-like protrusions on either side of the head, as well as the long sauropodian neck, which distinguishes her from the related Asian Kaiju, which is notable for its back plates and noxious breath.

    Dorling: (sneers) Thank you for the zoology lesson, Professor. Now, will any of this help us to, say, not get devoured by her?

    Hendricks: (scowls) Um, not exactly. (partially under his breath) You simian.

    Dorling: (smirks irritatingly) Then may I advise, if it's not too forward of me to interrupt your eminent scholarship, that we just perhaps run in terror?

    Hendricks: (snorts in annoyance) Given the situation, yes, that would be the advisable course of action. (pushes past Dorling) Take him first!!

    HENDRICKS and DORLING, screaming in panic, join the fleeing crowd.



    Cleese and Curry are not alone – the film is crammed with British stars, most of whom originate from the comedy scene, ranging from minor roles to small cameos. All three Goodies appear in minor roles in an immortal scene, with the late, great, Tim Brooke-Taylor as a twittish Prime Minister who offers no useful solution to stopping Poseidon's rampage, whilst his two more sensible advisors (Bill Oddie and Graeme Garden) try and cope with him. Fellow Likely Lads star James Bolan plays a trigger-happy admiral who’s obsessed with torpedoes in a rather Freudian way. André Morell plays Sean’s grandfather, and Vincent Winter, who starred in the first film, plays a newscaster who’s seen it all.

    For Eighties Britcom fans, we have Stephen Fry and Tim McInnerny, basically replicating General Melchett and Captain Darling as a bumbling British army colonel and his sniveling sidekick leading efforts on the ground to stop Poseidon (and failing), with The Young Ones appearing (in character) as soldiers, leading to multiple laugh-out-loud comic moments. Rowan Atkinson and Tony Robinson also appear alongside Brooke-Taylor's Prime Minister, as a man giving the prime minister updates on the monster's progress and his stupid sidekick. Music scene-wise, Peter Gabriel stars as a police constable, the Spice Girls are protesters against Dorling, while Vera Lynn is a frazzled grandmother.

    Finally, in a tongue-in-cheek nod to the tacked-on Raymond Burr role in the American Godzilla releases, acclaimed British actor Sir Richard Attenborough plays the character of Lord Raymond, who stoically stands around the “command center” with the PM and gives pointless exposition and navel-gazing reflections on events before being politely asked by the PM to “kindly please shut up.” Even the other actors didn’t fight giving Attenborough top billing as an extension of the meta-gag.

    However, the film does have its cons. For one thing, Sean, in spite of a decent performance courtesy of Sturridge, comes off as rather annoying, being either whiny or irritatingly snarky, almost to an extent of the Kennys in Gamera, not to mention more often than not he is always right and barely allowed to be wrong. There’s also the rather inconsistent tone that the critics often notes: the film jumps between being playing its conventions of the genre straight for a Spielbergian adventure drama story or mocking/satirizing them in a Pythonesque farce a la Terry Gilliam. This can be blamed on studio interference from Columbia, who got cold feet at Jones and Palin’s darkly comedic script.

    The film did very well at the box office making $184 million against its $45 million budget, but despite a lengthy push, didn't get any major awards (save for some Saturns, but who even cares for them?). Merch sales were also quite successful, from toys, to a novelization and comic adaptation, to even a video game. There was also a TV pilot done by Rich Chidlaw, but it wasn’t picked up.

    While Gorgo doesn’t have the grand scope and characters of the Godzilla movies of the same time or Kong: King of Skull Island, and certainly isn’t a must-see for most kaiju fans, Gorgo is indeed a decent outing for them and casual fans alike. In fact, I personally prefer this for its deeper themes and tone.

    So, what were your thoughts on Gorgo? Please leave them in the comments so I can get my payday too. Next time, we look at Godzilla’s next outing.


    Lord Raymond: And thus, we see the hubris of man, and how by trying to control the natural world we merely invite her wrath!

    Prime Minister: Oh, do be quiet, Lord Raymond.





    [1] Interestingly it was thought at the time that Baryonyx would be able to walk on both all fours and on two.

    [2] A 1998 comedy about horse racing.
     
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    God Loves, Man Kills
  • Interview with Richard Donner
    From Comics Craze Magazine, May 1998 Edition


    Richard Donner is, of course, a legend in his own right with a long and distinguished career. But for Comics fans like us, he’s of course most loved for his forays into Comics-Based movies, most notably the 1978 Superman film and the subject of today’s interview, the 1996 X-Men film, which he produced and directed[1] (and which are, respectively, our #5 and #2 Best Comics Moments Outside of Comics). Its upcoming sequel, X-Men 2: Rise of the Sentinels, is produced by Donner, but not directed by him.

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    CC: Mr. Donner, it is a blessing and an honor to speak with you today. Needless to say, we are all fans of your work with Superman and the X-Men alike.

    RD: Thank you, and I’m happy to be here.

    CC: And with X2 coming to theaters now, we thought that we’d take the time to talk about 1996’s X-Men with Liev Schreiber, Patrick Stewart, Christopher Lee, and Rachel Lee Cook. What is it that first brought you to the X-Men franchise?

    RD: Well, honestly, it’s the central themes. There’s a real depth to the comics line which addresses some weighty subjects like bigotry, persecution, and prejudice all while resonating with the feeling of alienation that a lot of teenagers have even while also hoping that they’re somehow someone special, and magical. It’s a theme that any number of marginalized people from ethnic and religious minorities to the gay and lesbian community to even unpopular teens can relate to. And when I saw Frank Oz’s Spiderman in ’91 I knew that the effects and costuming had finally reached the stage where X-Men movies could be done right. I immediately contacted MGM and proposed an X-Men film, only to find that they were already considering one, with Joss Whedon, who’d won an Emmy for the “Dark Phoenix” saga on the animated series, being tapped to write a screenplay. Stan Lee and Chris Claremont at Marvel and VP Margie Loesch were happy to let me produce and direct and I worked with Joss to draft a treatment.

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    A Bit of This and That…

    CC: The resulting treatment evolved into the film’s screenplay and largely followed a combination of the themes and story elements of “Days of Future Past”, but without the time travel aspect, and a heaping dose of “God Loves, Man Kills”. It notably also features the initial rift between the X-Men and Brotherhood of Mutants, who begin the film as allies. What led to these decisions?

    RD: Well, we had a very long discussion about what we wanted to do, Chris, Joss, and I, along with my production associate Kevin Feige[2], who is a huge X-Men fan with an encyclopedic knowledge of the comics that impressed even Chris and Joss. Naturally they poached him from me after the film debuted (laughs). We clearly wanted the whole Mutant Persecution aspect to be central to the narrative, so adding in Reverend Stryker and Senator Kelly was a natural, with cameos by other Hellfire Club folks. These became the principal antagonists rather than the Brotherhood, whom as you noted are shown to be allied to Xavier at the beginning.

    CC: With the legendary Malcolm McDowell as Stryker and Law & Order’s John Slattery as Senator Kelly, of course.

    RD: Yes, and they were both brilliant. The plot would center around Stryker as a far-right-wing anti-mutant bigot enflaming tensions while Kelly would be the political arm, spinning up his plans for the Mutant Registration Act and similar anti-mutant legislation. Malcolm gave Stryker a sort of combination televangelist/political demagogue personality while Kelly was strongly based on Joseph McCarthy with hints of various Fascist politicians, even cribbing from some of their speeches.

    CC: Yes, the whole McCarthy Red Scare vibe was clear, and we noticed that the exchanges between Kelly and Kelsey Grammer’s Dr. Hank “Beast” McCoy at the Capitol hearing were right out of McCarthy’s exchange with Joseph Welch.

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    (Image source Ice the Burn)

    RD: Exactly, I’m glad that you noticed. Sometimes the greatest monsters are the real ones. And rather than have a central supervillain threatening massive death and destruction, we took a riskier approach where the threat was more abstract and visceral: the rise of Hate and Repression, with Xavier and Erik’s divergent reactions to the rise of Stryker’s anti-mutant crusade driving the plot rather than some MacGuffin search or Big Evil Plan to foil. Somehow the stakes feel bigger since they’re actually relatable. Nobody has experienced an attempt at world domination by a magical supervillain using a magical weapon, but we’ve all seen the rise of violence and prejudice. We introduce Professor Xavier and Erik “Magneto” Lensherr as friends and comrades in the fight for Mutant Rights, but already we can see the cracks forming, of course, as Erik in particular, as a Holocaust survivor, can’t help but be painfully reminded of the rhetoric of Hitler and the Nazis in Stryker and Kelly.

    CC: Xavier played by Patrick Stewart and Erik played by Christopher Lee, of course. And you actually begin the film at Auschwitz with a young Erik, played by child actor Thomas Dekker, first manifesting his powers.

    RD: Yes, we wanted to establish the stakes right up front and make it clear why Magneto has the beliefs that he does. Going straight from the Holocaust to a McCarthyite hearing made that all very clear.

    CC: And once those themes and stakes are set up, you introduce our two point of view characters: Wolverine played by the imposing Liev Schreiber, who let’s face it is Logan in real life, and Kitty Pride, played by Rachael Leigh Cook.

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    Rachel Leigh Cook in 1996 (You want the Image source? Go Fug Yourself. Seriously, that’s the website)

    RD: Yes, we determined very early on that with so much information and exposition to dump on audiences, most of whom probably did not read the comics or watch the cartoon, that having a “new” character as an audience surrogate would be needed. Joss was really pushing for either Jubilee or Kitty, and we ended up picking Kitty since her powers would be integral to the plot as it unfolded. And with the almost ludicrous level of popularity that Wolverine had at the time, he seemed like a natural. We considered beginning with Wolvie on the run from the Weapon X program, but Joss urged making Kitty the focus since her innocence would make her a good source of audience sympathy. Joss came up with the visual of her literally falling through her high school locker, nervous as she spoke with a boy that she liked. It was so wholesome and relatable that when her sudden unexpected “outing” as a mutant turns her into an immediate pariah with her crush, her teachers, and her parents alike, we get to see up front the cruelty and unfairness of the prejudice and fear. Kitty is a threat to nobody, but suddenly she is treated as one. Something that any gay teenager can tell you is all too real. Naturally, when she runs away, she meets up with Wolvie, who is an aimless drifter[3].

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    Liev Schreiber in 1996 from our timeline’s The Daytrippers (Image source Eye For Film)

    CC: So, Schreiber was a relatively unknown actor at the time[4]. How did you come by him? Why not a bigger name?

    RD: (laughs) Well, that’s certainly what the studio wanted! Mel Gibson’s name was thrown around, but I knew that he’d take over the production. We interviewed Bruce Willis and Viggo Mortensen and Dougray Scott, but when we saw Liev we knew we were looking at Logan. He was a bit young, 28 at the time, but once the makeup was applied and his trainers bulked him up, he worked great for the effectively ageless Logan and worked to give him, as he put it, a “feral masculinity” that he based in part on Jack Nicholson’s performance in The Wolfman.

    CC: Naturally. So Kitty and Wolvie continue their road trip, trying to keep a low profile. And we enjoyed the two of them together. The scared, lonely runaway and the jaded old curmudgeon. But eventually they are outed and attacked by an anti-mutant lynch mob, who were riled up by Stryker’s TV rants. You told USA Today that Stryker’s rants were based in part on anti-Tutsi broadcasts in Rwanda leading up to the genocide. And soon even Logan is getting overwhelmed by sheer numbers, even if they can’t really seem to hurt him, and Kitty is fleeing in terror from the mob using her phasing powers to escape, even phasing out so that a shotgun blast passes harmlessly through her. Thankfully some of the X-Men arrive, namely Pam Grier’s Storm[5], German actor Christoph Waltz’s Nightcrawler, and of course Grammer’s Beast, who have been alerted to the incident by Xavier using Cerebro, and they are together able to break up the mob and rescue Wolvie and Kitty. What can you tell us about that scene?

    RD: Well, we deliberately made it brutal, messy, and ugly. No showy martial arts. Almost no harness work. Logan restraining himself even as he is forced to kill in self-defense, but preferring to slice away a rifle barrel and headbutt. Kitty in a panic the whole time, phasing her way out of trouble through animal instinct. Logan bleeding profusely from superficial wounds from the bottles, bats, rocks, knives, and gunshots. We actually had to tone it down to avoid an R rating. We also get to meet Storm and Kurt and comics fans finally get to hear what “bamf” actually sounds like! (laughs) You’d be amazed at how much sound editing went into making it sound “right”.

    CC: The X-Men take Logan and Kitty to Xavier’s School for the Gifted, where Wolvie is introduced to Jean Grey and Cyclops, setting up the love triangle going forward. And we gotta say, Jim Caviezel and Julianne Moore were two more great casting choices, with Jim’s Cyclops so noble and heroic and yet kind of an arrogant prick and Julianne gave Jean a lot of depth and sympathy, with so much clear internal power there.

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    Jim Caviezel and Julianne Moore c1995 (Image sources FanPop on Pinterest and NNDB)

    RD: Well, Julianne makes everything better, and I’m glad that we got her when we did before she decided to focus on quirkier indie projects. Thankfully, the clever script and the empowering themes spoke to her and her screen charisma with Liev was a great mix of flirty and frustrated. Jim and Liev put so much masculine tension into a scene. And that was where the real story was, how these very different people reacted to their shared experiences. Logan’s story and Kitty’s story thus became not just the exposition magnets, but the real driver of the film as they go through character development, Logan from a jaded drifter out for himself to someone willing to fight for a greater cause, and Kitty going from a scared teenager rejected by her friends and family desperately in need of a new family ultimately learning the difference between healthy and toxic relationships. Of course, there was a third story in there too as Jean learns more about her true potential, with Storm eventually letting her know that Xavier has actually put a block on her powers to protect her from herself.

    CC: Yes, we count her line “Woman, you have no understanding about how powerful you truly are” as one of our top Comics Quotes. It’s of course become an iconic line, particularly in female and even homosexual comics fandom, who have adopted it as a motto.

    RD: You can thank Joss for that line, and also thank him and Kevin on insisting that we take some time to set up Jean’s future arc, which every comics geek knows, but should be a surprise to general audiences, we hope.

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    Heath Ledger and Karl Urban c1996 (Image sources newidea.com and Amazon.com)

    CC: And while Logan steals the show and we can’t get enough of his belligerent love triangle with Jean and Scott, Kitty is really the center of the action that drives the plot. You introduce most of the X-Men themselves through her, in particular Heath Ledger’s Angel and Karl Urban’s Pyro, plus lots of good background cameos like Jubilee and Bobby Drake. Angel and Pyro in particular become important in her life as the near-literal Angel and Devil on her shoulder.

    RD: Yes, we originally considered having Iceman as her “angel”, but the effects would have been costly to do right and the natural symbolism of Angel was so good that we went with it, even if it was a bit on the nose. Logan had a similar angel/devil relationship in Cyclops and Jean, the former symbolic of his jaded feelings of rejection that pushes him back and away from growth and Jean as the woman who can sense his inner heroism and pulls him forward.

    CC: So, not just love triangles for their own sake.

    RD: Perish the thought! Of course, making Angel into Kitty’s positive influence meant that we needed to age down Angel and gave him a slight tweak in backstory as another kid whose parents, this time very wealthy, rejected him when his wings started to grow. I rather liked the flashback scene where he keeps trying to cut off his own wings, but they keep growing back, if I do say so myself. He’s a literally angelic embodiment of the beauty of the human soul and he’s despised for it, and despises himself for it. Pyro has a similar story, but in his case, he is a very angry kid from an abusive home with a massive persecution complex, but he is also a charismatic bad boy that Kitty is becoming attracted to, even as Angel seems to have a crush on her in turn, of course. The three actors were just so fantastic together.

    CC: What’s the X-Men without a little soap opera, right? But we of course get a bit of action tossed into the mix of introductions and exposition and expository montages when Logan is introduced to the Danger Room.

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    (Image source Cinema Blend)

    RD: Yes, that was a fun little set piece and helped add some action into an otherwise rather inactive part of the early second act. And from a plot and story standpoint it gave the viewers a chance to experience not only how the X-Men interacted, but what their powers were and how they functioned as a team to overcome the many obstacles. We even get some mild slapstick as Logan, refusing to listen to Storm and Cyclops, charges in and gets thoroughly, and of course harmlessly, thrashed and burnt.

    CC: But this burgeoning new safe space is thrown upside down at the midpoint when the school is visited by Magneto and Mystique. Kitty, urged by Pyro, uses her powers to spy on “the teachers” since all the students can tell that something is up. This results in her witnessing Mystique, played by the incredibly seductive Natasha Henstridge, and making blue look beautiful[6], trying to convince Nightcrawler to help her and Mags remove Stryker as a threat, but Kurt flat out refuses her plan. Kitty also witnesses Mags and Xavier arguing about what to do about Stryker, with Mags increasingly urging for “stronger action” and openly warning that they must “silence that dangerous fool, whatever it takes!” And that’s, of course, when Mags notices Kitty hiding in the walls.

    RD: Yes, we wanted Kitty’s original sin as it were to be something very innocent like a young teen would do. And this little bit of misbehavior leads directly to Kitty and Pyro being approached by Magneto, who quickly recognizes Pyro’s attitude as useful, and more importantly he sees Kitty’s powers as (in a Lee impression) “exactly the skills that we need for our mission, since Wagner fails to appreciate the gravity of our cause.” Sorry, that was a terrible impression. Pyro is an easy sell, of course, because he’s got a lot of anger and resentment within him for Mags to exploit, but Kitty is a harder sell. Discovering her heritage as the grandchild of holocaust survivors, he uses his own experiences, specifically showing her his camp tattoo, to seduce her over the Brotherhood of Mutants, as he is naming his new splinter organization. She, of course, is swayed by his story and agrees to help in their mission, which she believes is to break in to Stryker’s mansion and “plant a thought” in his head to make him stop his dangerous demagoguery. She in turn drags along a reluctant Angel.

    CC: And we must say that Lee was just chilling there. You both sympathize with him yet are also terrified by him, and by how easily he manipulates these young people over to his radical cause, which strangely makes you understand why people are so terrified of mutants to begin with.

    RD: Yes, we wanted to keep some grey in the narrative here, and Christopher is just such a talented actor in ways that a lot of people don’t fully appreciate. We’d fallen in love with his nuanced portrayal of Timothy Harmon in Jurassic Park, the balance between the obsessive Dr. Frankenstein and the enthusiastic little boy who believed in flea circuses and wanted to create real magic. The truth is that even Xavier admits that Mags is right about Stryker and Senator Kelly, that they are an existential threat to mutant kind. He’s not a fool. Xavier is shown to be at a loss about how to deal meaningfully with the threat and he strategizes with Storm and Jean and Beast, hoping to find a peaceful way to show the world that the two are dangerous without inviting further risk, knowing that Mags’ violent strategy will only invite a violent counterstrike.

    CC: Yes, Xavier’s “We must at all costs avoid a civil war!” contrasted with Mags’ “We are already at war, whether you choose to see it or not, my friend.” Xavier, of course, has no idea what Mags’ plans are for the three young students, but he’s sure that it will be bad. But Magneto also realizes that Xavier will eventually learn of the plan, or at least use Cerebro to discern the students’ location, and try and stop him, so Mystique disguises herself as Storm and sabotages Cerebro, which leaves Xavier incapacitated when he tries to use it to find where the missing students went.

    RD: Yes, we knew that we needed to take the X-Men out of the picture somehow while our teenagers are pulled into this plot.

    CC: And said plot was also a chance to introduce the rest of the Brotherhood, in this case Timothy Spall’s Toad and Ron Pearlman’s Sabretooth. And while we all totally loved Pearlman as the tough-talking Sabes, Timothy Spall was just perfect, we must say, as Toad. Just revolting, sniveling, and both literally and figuratively slimy!

    RD: Yes, and he had a blast and we had a blast with him.

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    The Angel and Devil on Kitty’s shoulders (Image sources Pinterest and Marvel Database)

    CC: Toad, of course, stays back with Angel and Pyro while Mystique and Kitty infiltrate Stryker’s mansion using their respective skills to bypass the security and Sabretooth stands guard. Naturally, Magneto was interested in Kitty for exactly this reason: her ability to be the perfect B&E specialist, even better than Kurt, who was his original plan with his teleportation power. And Toad lets slip to the teen boys that, in reality, the plan is not to “plant a thought” in Stryker, but to assassinate Stryker and replace him with Mystique in disguise!

    RD: Yes, this mission is really about power, not just self-defense. The Brotherhood is hoping to subvert and coopt the anti-Mutant fear and rage to their own aims, to “be the enemy’s general officer”. Mags hopes to sew chaos in order to set up the conditions that allow for the Brotherhood to secretly rule the world, “Homo Superior” in his natural place above the “less evolved”, and ironic echo to the very eugenicist evil that so harmed young Erik.

    CC: “He who fights monsters…” and all. Angel, of course, isn’t having this and palms Toad’s slimy communicator and leaves, feigning nervous nausea. He flies up to the roof of the mansion and alerts Kitty over the comm just as she and Mystique, who is already disguised as Stryker and drawing a knife, confront Stryker, forcing Kitty to choose her side.

    RD: Yes, and we (laughs) had to reshoot the scene where Angel uses the comm about twenty times since it kept slipping out of Heath’s hands from the Toad-slime, which was, amusingly enough, based on Astroglide! We kept a couple of the drops in for comedy and to add some tension. But anyway, yes, Kitty makes her choice.

    CC: Which is naturally on the side of good. It was a beautifully executed scene as she charges Stryker, yelling for Angel to come get them and she grabs Stryker and phases them both out the wall. Stryker is screaming as they fall, but this is of course where Angel can swoop down to grab them as they fall and they fly into the night. Beautifully shot.

    RD: Thank you. And thank our editor, Steve Rosenblum, for making that all flow so well!

    CC: But, of course, the X-Men aren’t just sitting around idle here. While all of this is going on with the Brotherhood, back at the X School, Logan is arguing with Cyclops about what they can do to find the missing students, with Logan insisting that they’re with Magneto and instinctually certain that they will go after Stryker or Kelly, but Cyclops remains reluctant to take action against fellow mutants, particularly without Xavier there to give his wisdom.

    RD: Yes, more drama as Storm interdicts between the two as they seem on the verge of a fight. We really wanted to show just how much the X-Men rely on Xavier’s leadership by taking him out of the picture, and it all falls back into arguments while an exasperated Beast gives up and goes to check on Xavier.

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    (Image source SensaCine)

    CC: And while they all argue, Jean gets her big moment and goes to Cerebro and uses it herself, despite, of course, having not yet felt ready to earlier. It’s a big strain on her, but she finds the location of Kitty and Angel. Which, of course, leads them to an abandoned warehouse where the two teens have Stryker tied up, since despite literally saving his life, he’s threatening to have them arrested and is ignoring Kitty’s apologies, referring to her as a “monster.”

    RD: Yeah, the irony is that if they let him go or he escapes he will probably get found and murdered by the Brotherhood, so they’re restraining him to save his life. This gives us a clear view of Stryker, that he’s truly in terror of Mutants, sure that they’ll drive “proper humans” to extinction. We played this directly off of Magneto’s lessons to Pyro, even using similar lines and camera angles, showing the similarities between the mutual fear and anger driving them.

    CC: And Malcolm McDowell is, as always, mesmerizing. But of course, Angel convinces Kitty that they need to go back to Xavier, but the X-Men soon arrive anyway in the jet, setting us up for the big showdown.

    RD: Yes, Storm takes charge and puts everyone, including Stryker, on the plane. She tells Stryker that he is not their prisoner and that they will release him once they get him safely away from the “angry fanatics”, assuring him, over his skepticism, that they mean him no harm. She’s really trying to use this as an opportunity to show Stryker that mutants are not his enemy.

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    (Image source What Culture)

    CC: But, of course, Magneto arrives, having tracked the jet, and as they try to escape, he physically pulls the plane into a death spiral, forcing Storm to use her wind powers combined with Jean’s telekinesis to land them relatively safely on the outskirts of the city center. The X-Men emerge from the crashed jet and thus begins the big showdown between the X-Men and the Brotherhood that every comics fan had been waiting for! So many great fight phrases for the fans here: Wolvie charging Magneto and nearly getting physically ripped apart since his adamantium skeleton is, well, magnetic. Jean Grey saving him with her mental powers and Wolvie in turn saving her from a charging Sabretooth, who seems to recognize Logan, but not vice versa. Magneto holding off both Storm and Jean, tossing around cars or using them as lightning shields. Toad dodging Cyclops’s eye beams and using his tongue to steal his visor, leading to his unchecked eye beams carving holes into the sides of buildings and taking him and Angel effectively out of the fight as Angel flies the effectively blinded Scott to safety. Nightcrawler bamfing in and out dodging Pyro’s blasts. And all of this while panicked citizens run for cover…which of course does the cause of mutant kind no good. I mean, lots of exciting fan service here[7].

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    The disadvantages of Adamantium (Image source YouTube)

    RD: Yes, we really worked closely with Brian [Henson] and the effects team and stunt coordinators to storyboard out and execute some exciting battles here that really showed the full range and potential of the powers. We also wanted to take the fight to many levels, with Toad chasing Kitty and Stryker across the rooftops and up and down through floors and walls, his agility and persistence against her abilities.

    CC: And naturally Logan has to be the one to save the day here.

    RD: Of course! He’s able to outwit Sabertooth even as he can’t overpower him, leading him into a powerplant and tricking him into slashing a fourteen-kilovolt transformer, zapping him unconscious. He then manages to sniff out Kitty and slice off Toad’s tongue just as he has Stryker in a choke hold with it.

    CC: “What’s the matter, Toady? Wolv got your tongue?”

    RD: (laughs) Yea, Joss strikes again!

    CC: And they get away with Stryker, saving the life of the most ungrateful d-bag ever, who is still cursing the mutants. “These mutants saved your life!” as Kitty says. “Yes, from other mutants,” he replies.

    RD: Yes, to him if mutants didn’t exist then he’d never have been in danger to begin with, right? For all of their hard work, Stryker “thanks” the X-Men by teaming with Senator Kelly to create an all-volunteer paramilitary “Sentinels” organization for citizens to “do their part” to track and contain the “mutant threat”, with lots of Blackshirt/Brownshirt vibes. And a newly-recovered Xavier exposits that they’ve teamed with Bolivar Trask of Trask Industries, so the comics fans will know that “proper” Sentinels will be right around the corner.

    CC: Which as the title and trailers indicate will appear in X2.

    RD: Naturally.

    CC: Not to mention that while Logan sees Kitty safely enrolled in Xavier’s school, he himself is off to follow some directions that Xavier gives him about his past, leading him to what we can only assume is to the Weapon X facility.

    RD: Well, no secrets for the upcoming film will be revealed by me!

    CC: Of course. But let’s talk subtext and metatext here. Many have accused you of basing Stryker on Rush Limbaugh or Jerry Falwell, both of whom have been highly critical of Disney and both of whom threatened to sue Disney over the portrayal as slanderous. And much of X-Men’s production occurred in 1995, the year of the DC terror bombing and the rise of domestic terror groups like the Sword of Liberty. How much did you consciously quote these real-life groups?

    RD: None at all, actually. I can’t say whether we were subconsciously influenced here, or what Malcolm added consciously or otherwise, but none of those people ever came up in story discussions and the characters and their actions, including Stryker’s Old Testament fire & brimstone sermons and hateful appeals to violence over the TV, all date from comics produced in the ‘70s and early ‘80s. Chris Claremont based his characters off of the past actions of various violent bigoted fanatical political and religious leaders in history from Savonarola to Torquemada to Hitler to McCarthy and we added in a bit of Hassan Ngeze in Rwanda. I’m more curious to see [Limbaugh and Falwell] looking at a character based on real world war criminals and dangerous demagogues and seeing themselves in him.

    CC: Yes, very interesting indeed. Now, X1 broke $262 million worldwide[8] driven by the action, the effects, and more importantly the story. You got rave reviews from comics fans and mundanes alike. Ebert raved about its themes and drama.

    RD: Yea, and the Box Office led to a lot of relief at the studio since by that point costs on The Road to Ruin, which was filming in the next sound stage over, had spiraled out of control with the trade mags predicting disaster. They’d already pushed it to August and there was a lot of worry that we’d need to make up for the losses to keep the studio in the black that year.

    CC: And we all know what happened there! Do you expect a similar response to and box office from X2?

    RD: (laughs) well, I’d like to hope!

    CC: Richard Donner, thank you for speaking with Comics Craze.

    RD: My pleasure, thank you!

    CC: X-Men 2: Rise of the Sentinels will be out in theaters next month.



    [1] Cyclops visor tip to @kirbopher15. (Oops! Sorry about the charred hole in the wall.)

    [2] He started his career in our timeline as an assistant to Lauren Shuler Donner, Richard Donner’s wife. It seemed natural to bring him in here.

    [3] Yes, a lot of the same story beats as our timeline’s Bryan Singer film since a lot of the same producers and writers are involved. Things will diverge from here. Note that it was Singer that changed the young POV character to Rogue since he felt that her inability to touch or be touched would heighten the themes of isolation, which they did even if the changes to her age and background annoyed some fans.

    [4] Yes, sadly no Hugh Jackman Wolvie here, since he only got the job after Russel Crowe recommended him, and even then, he was a last-minute replacement for Dougray Scott. Here Crowe isn’t yet breaking out enough to be a major contender for the role, none the less recommend Jackman.

    [5] Hat tip to Mrs. Khan for this casting.

    [6] She will wear actual clothing, no rubber body suit pseudo-nudity, sorry pervos!

    [7] Beast is still back at Xavier’s school, managing things and attending to the recovering Xavier.

    [8] Roughly on par, adjusted for inflation, with the Bryan Singer film from our timeline.
     
    Aye-Aye-Yai
  • Chapter 17: Expansion and Challenges (Cont’d)
    Excerpt from The King is Dead: The Walt Disney Company After Walt Disney, an Unauthorized History by Sue Donym and Arman N. Said


    By the mid-1990s, with the world economy booming, attendance at the Disney Resorts was growing steadily. With DisneySea opening to immense fanfare in 1995, and with epic and immersive experiences of so many different types that guests found themselves overwhelmed at the breadth of the experience, many found that Port Disney was best enjoyed in pieces over 2-3 days, not something that could be taken in one bite. Despite its unbelievable $5 billion final cost, DisneySea was quickly deemed a smash success, exceeding expectations thanks to the combination of amazing animatronics, immersive oceanic experiences, day cruises, and the anticipation from watching the slow and epic transformation of Port Disney over the years.

    DisneySea was, according to Acting Disney President Dick Nunis, the “new crown jewel” of Disney Resorts. And while we will discuss that resort, and the maritime empire that it anchors (no pun intended) another time, suffice it to say that it pulled Port Disney fully into the black and became a stunning and beloved addition to the Disney Resort Empire. A new Tokyo DisneySea, license-built and managed by the Oriental Land Company, was even in development and scheduled to open in 2002.

    The economic boom of the mid-‘90s was also being felt elsewhere. Attendance to Disneyland Valencia in particular was skyrocketing. Cruise ships were docking at Dénia and other nearby ports, including the Disney Atlantic, soon to be replaced by the larger, more stylish Disney Imagination. Hotels were filling up. Profits were growing. Visitors from Northern Europe flooded in during the winter months as an escape from the cold, wet winters or ice and snow of Scandinavia. Increasingly, visitors flooded in from Eastern Europe and the USR as well. As attendance increased, it soon became reliably one of Spain’s Top Three attractions and led to a small economic boom on the Alicante coast. The debut of an ICE express train from Marseille and Paris to Pago in 1995 further boosted attendance by drastically shortening the travel time.

    But Valencia would soon face an existential challenge when Six Flags opened a Warner Brothers Movie World near Paris, ironically on the very location where Disney had once considered placing their European Disney. Backed by French government loans, and learning from the mistakes on Disneyland Valencia, Warner World Paris would ultimately cost just over $2 billion and finish on time and open in the spring of 1997. Disneyland Valencia would, needless to say, suffer an immediate hit to its attendance, particularly in the summer months. However, earlier fears at Disney R&R about losing attendance at the Paris location in the winter months proved prescient as it was soon found that Europeans were far less willing to stand in line in the chilly winter rains than were their Japanese counterparts, who keep winter attendance numbers at Tokyo Disneyland high. As such, Warner World Paris saw steep declines in attendance during the winter months, including the critical holiday travel season, while Disneyland Valencia’s winter numbers remained high. Instead, Warner World Paris dominated the hotter months while Disneyland Valencia dominated the colder ones.

    The Dénia port would be expanded in 1998 and soon cruise lines became a primary source of visitors to Disneyland Valencia, helping to keep attendance numbers up. And yet Disney’s projected five- and ten-year revenues in the early 1990s had neglected to consider the possibility of a competing park in Paris, and as such Disney stocks suffered as R&R consistently had to downgrade its projected profits.

    Warner World Paris also began to chip away at attendance in Disneytown London, though the small park and the adjacent Chessington World of Adventure both continued to do well based on attendance by Londoners and other British visitors alone. Still, profit margins for the combined park dropped noticeably after Warner World opened.

    To combat this new rival in Paris, R&R Head Judson Green suggested that they move into Berlin, assuring the board that the German Federal Government was anxious to support the resort. Two sites were investigated: an old industrial site near Potsdam and the Brand-Briesen Airfield, an old Luftwaffe base near the small village of Brand roughly 30 miles to the south of Berlin. Both sites had their advantages and disadvantages. The Potsdam site required a lot of environmental cleanup and had limited room for expansion, but it also was close to downtown Berlin and the Disney Plaza would hypothetically benefit from frequent visits by the local population. However, many advisors were skeptical that the Germans would be as enamored by the “Mall like” approach, nor really see anything special about a fake marketplace when every town in Europe had a real one.

    The Brand site, meanwhile, would have the advantages of open space, the potential year-round operation of the hardened hangars, and even its own runway, but Disney was learning that Europeans in general did not like to travel more than ten to twenty miles from home. It was determined that to support the 1.2 million visitors that hotels would likely be needed, making the hypothetical Disneytown a destination in itself rather than count on day trips from Berlin. This meant that a larger and by extension more expensive resort would be required.

    At first, a hybrid approach was considered. They would experiment by putting a Disney Store, a Madame Tussauds, a Club Cyclia, and one of the new ImaginationLand virtual reality and gaming centers[1] at the Potsdam site as a test bed. Groundbreaking began in partnership with local German contractors chosen by the Berlin City Government. However, the environmental cleanup proved much more difficult than initially anticipated, exacerbated by the discovery of some unexploded munitions from World War 2. Furthermore, inefficiencies in the Berlin municipal government and allegations of funds mismanagement were causing the costs to increase. By the time they reached $50 million and had only built the Disney Store and Cyclia, it became clear that a full Disneytown at the location would be cost prohibitive even with the German Government covering much of the construction. When the small seed plaza opened in the spring of 1998 it underperformed to expectations with Club Cyclia in particular not able to compete with Berlin’s many trendy Discotheques, some of which had already copied the Cyclia model. The Disney Store did well enough, as did the Madame Tussauds, but the ImaginationLand was not quite clicking with Berlin’s youth to the level hoped with home gaming being the preferable alternative.

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    By contrast, the German Federal Government seemed anxious to spin up the larger Disneytown in Brand, hoping to stimulate the poor rural area and hopefully speed reunification, which was not going as smoothly as originally envisioned. The CargoLifter company, that had been leasing the site and were constructing a large airship hangar, was struggling financially, but Disney determined that the sight of the airships flying in and out of the impressive new shiny silver hangar would be an interesting attraction all on their own. And should CargoLifter go bankrupt, which many were predicting, then Disney could hypothetically claim the entire hangar for free as a climate-controlled place for a Land, though some feared that the hangar-based land would pull in winter visitors that might have hypothetically chosen to go to Valencia instead. Furthermore, the old Soviet Hardened Aircraft Shelters and other buildings could be hypothetically converted into shops, supply warehouses, and even small attractions. “From a place of war to a place of Magic!” as Chairman Jim Henson put it.

    To support the future park, the German Government promised to put in a dedicated express train line and an extended autobahn to serve the site. This proved the deciding factor, with the Potsdam Disney Plaza idea reduced to a vestigial area of shops and restaurants that never became christened as a Disneytown and instead became primarily a place where one could catch a free shuttle to the Disneytown to the south. Two Marriott-built-and-managed hotels would be constructed at Disneytown Berlin, the futuristic Clear Skies Resort and the family-focused Mickey’s Garden (or “Mickeygarten”).

    The Brand site instead broke ground in 1999 with the very first “Land” to follow the Tomorrowland 2055[2] concept. The “Green Optimism” of the design would, it was felt, appeal to Germans of all stripes, speaking of rebirth and a Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow of clean skies and peace and togetherness. Solar and wind farms were carefully placed to both be conspicuously visible but also functional[3] (nobody wanted an embarrassing repeat of the perpetually-still wind farm at WDW!). Later a small Cryogenic Energy Storage facility was added, which the engineers and maintainers were admonished to stop calling a “Walt’s Head”. Exhibits spoke of the potential of renewable and energy efficient technologies, including the potential of modern airships as a low-carbon option for air travel and transport, which became rather embarrassing when CargoLifter went bankrupt in 2002. Furthermore, the Hardened Shelters and other old military buildings would be converted into the various shops and stores and stages of the Disney Plaza, soon renamed Der Disney Markt, in what Henson dubbed “Swords to Plowshares”. For a German people eager to move on to a future where Germany was at the center of a new world of peaceful coexistence rather than military expansion, the Tomorrowland 2055 offered a fresh form of futurism that was shorn of old Fascist-associated imagery and the Swords to Plowshares theme equally appealed to those anxious to put a militaristic past behind.

    And when CargoLifter finally went under in the early 2000s, Disney would claim the hangar, converting it into the Steam Romance flavored Adventures in Space, a sort of hybrid Discoveryland/Adventureland where guests could ride airship-themed sky trams piloted by crusty old captains or old fashioned trains or boats to visit any of the several mythic locales within, each based upon an outdated concept of a different planet: desert-like Mars, tropical Venus, the lava fields of Mercury, the floating cloud cities of Jupiter and Saturn, the icy world of Uranus, the watery world of Neptune, and the dark, cold world of Pluto. Each was filled with unique aliens[4], with the design of the Plutonians based in part, as a joke, on Mickey’s eponymous dog. Pre-war Fritz Lang design and Post-war Science Fiction on both sides of the Iron Curtain was mined for inspiration, such as the Perry Rhodan series and The Silent Star and the writings of Stanislaw Lem. The result became a unique “kitchen sink” of various retrofuturistic visions of the future, all carefully chosen to eliminate anything that was too closely evocative of Nazi Futurism (including modifying the rockets to not be too resembling of the V2).

    And to cast aside any doubt about where Disney stood on the issue of Nazism, one of the converted hangars at the Disney Markt spoke about the Holocaust and played Maus on a loop.

    Disneytown Berlin would perform well enough. The Tomorrowland 2055 approach offered a unique experience compared to most European parks. The eventual Adventures in Space attraction inside the old CargoLifter hangar became a huge hit as there was literally nothing else like it in the world when first completed in the mid-2000s. But the ultimate costs would be high and early visitation was hobbled as the German Autobahn Expansion and Express Rail projects both suffered massive cost and schedule overruns. While the efforts were a part of a larger government scheme to spur economic growth and integration in the former East Germany, the German public increasingly saw it as their government spending their tax dollars to help out an American corporation bringing American culture, which offended left and right alike, particularly as “Die Mickeybahn” continued to face cost and schedule overruns as the construction company doggedly stuck to their original plans even as these proved increasingly impractical. Their problems even affected local German politics, seeing a rise in Green Party voting and allowing the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) to gain ground against the Christian Democrats in the region.

    And with so many international projects coming on top of the many scheduled expansions and renovations stateside, Imagineering was spread increasingly thin. To take up the excess, CEO Frank Wells authorized the formation of a dedicated Imagineering International Division which would specialize in working to non-US rules and standards (such as metric and EU regulations) and work to make inroads with non-US construction firms. Headquartered in Dénia near Disneyland Valencia, Imagineering International, or II, hired heavily from non-US populations the world over, with various European, Asian, African, Australian, and Latin American Imagineers soon greatly outnumbering the US ones. Soon R&R needed to expand its own International Resorts Division to match! As II evolved, it gained its own culture, more global, jet-setting, outgoing, adventurous, and, of course, international. II became known for being culturally, racially, and ethnically diverse, and by extension religiously diverse. II even designed its own mascot, Ayne the Aye-Aye, to help it stand out further from the Figment-themed Imagineering USA. In addition to the pun on their acronym, it was felt that the strange ugly-cute gremlin-like appearance of the Aye-Aye made it particularly evocative of the “exotic and unique” feel of II. In addition to, and in part because of, II’s diversity of employees, II also increasingly attracted a diversity of experience, soon evolving into a place where no idea, however seemingly outlandish to some, was rejected without due consideration on the assumption that the innovator might just know something that you didn’t! And almost like an unstated initiation ritual, II employees, increasingly called the “Aye-Ayes”, would be expected to be open to new experiences and local culture, wherever they went, however bizarre or off-putting.

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    What's not to love? (Image source Duke University)

    “Imagineering was always a place of wild and open ideas,” said Imagineer Joe Rhode, who helped spin up II, “But the Aye-Ayes were insane! They bonded over strange foods from ridiculously hot chilies to revolting things like durian fruit and baluts that I don’t even want to talk about. If you had a conservative bone in your body, culturally speaking, you were in for a tough time. They loved me, of course!”

    The Disneytowns were in general doing well, in the US and abroad. Disneytown London was a success for both Disney and Pearson. The Disneytown in Sydney at White Bay had opened and was proving a major success, and thus began expanding into a small Port Disney. A Disneytown began construction in 1997 in Hong Kong with the People’s Republic footing the up-front costs for the dredging and construction. They did so for diplomatic and political reasons, hoping to assuage fears of a Beijing crackdown on Hong Kong post-unification. Talks progressed with the Saudi Royal Family for a Disneytown in the kingdom, and talks began with the USR for a potential Disneytown in Odessa. Disneytown Ontario, the “Mouse Trap”, opened in 1997 and was performing to expectations, though the ferry service was losing money. Discussions about the possibility for a Disneytown in Latin America or the Caribbean echoed through the halls at Disney R&R.

    But in the US, while the Disneytowns in Chicago and Seattle excelled and the Disneytowns in Philadelphia, Denver, and San Antonio performed to expectations, the Disneytown in St. Louis, the beloved salute to Marceline and Walt, was hemorrhaging money. Constantly undercut by the large and growing Six Flags/Warner World Park across the river, Disneytown St. Louis just couldn’t compete.

    Left with two bad options of either trying to compete against the larger park or massively expanding the Disneytown into a full Disneyland – the latter a move that looked to most like throwing good money after bad – the board met to make a fateful decision. After several years of running massive losses, the board reluctantly called it quits on the Disneytown they most wanted to see succeed. All reached the sad conclusion that the location, chosen for love rather than financial realism, was doomed to failure for anything less than a major resort able to compete directly with Six Flags.

    In the fall of 1995 Disneytown St. Louis was closed for good, the first Disney resort to actually fail despite a few close calls. Anything that could be salvaged was salvaged, including facades in many cases, leaving a sad little skeletal ghost park that became a popular destination for graffiti artists and urban explorers before ultimately getting demolished and turned into an industrial park in the 2010s.



    [1] Similar in nature to DisneyQuest, if you recall.

    [2] Hat Tip to @Denliner.

    [3] Brand isn’t the perfect place for wind power compared to the Baltic/North Sea Coast, but it’ll be good enough to see turbines spinning.

    [4] Hat tip to @El Pip.
     
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    Natural, Primal, and even Beastly
  • Chapter 17: Expansion and Challenges (Cont’d)
    Excerpt from The King is Dead: The Walt Disney Company After Walt Disney, an Unauthorized History by Sue Donym and Arman N. Said


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    Much more than just a “zoo”[1] (Image by @Denliner)

    As construction completed on the Disney-MGM Hollywoodland Resort, new Disney Chairman Jim Henson wanted to return to the shelved idea for WestCOT. However, the $3 billion price tag remained high even as DisneySea Long Beach and Disneyland Valencia started turning a profit. While a staged development remained an option, the growth of the Disneytown resorts and Disney Cruise Lines were still using up lots of available resources both human and financial. Besides, DisneySea Long Beach was already providing the hotel space, second gate, and adult entertainment that WestCOT would provide.

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    Instead, the “next big thing” that would come to Disney would be at Walt Disney World: Disney’s Animal Kingdom. Imagineer Joe Rhode first presented the plan for a larger animal park in the early 1990s. The small zoo at Discovery Island was facing scrutiny for its out-of-date animal facilities. Rhode imagined a much larger outdoor park that showcased the animals in near-native environments, representing all continents and even extinct and fanciful animals via audio-animatronics. The projected total cost was $500-800 million, making it much more financially achievable at the time than WestCOT. To illustrate his idea, he brought a Bengal Tiger to the pitch meeting.

    Though disappointed that the ambitious WestCOT remained shelved, CCO Jim Henson loved Rhode’s idea. A longtime supporter of the National Zoo in Washington, DC, and New York Zoo, Henson saw the potential of the park not just as an entertaining and engaging experience for guests, but as an opportunity for conservation and conservation education. He, Dick Nunis, Judson Green, Joe Rhode, and other Recreation and Imagineering folk spend hours looking over models and cost spreadsheets, often commandeering the Round Table with Frank Wells and Stan Kinsey and CFO Richard Nanula to plan things out. In fact, Henson soon found the executives from the other departments, particularly MGM’s Tom Wilhite and Disney Studios’ Roy Disney, not so subtly reminding him that he had other responsibilities outside of the parks!

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    (Image by @Denliner)

    The park was given the usual Disney attention to detail. Within Nature Kingdom, one of the three primary kingdoms that comprise the theme park, the Rhode-designed Tree of Life at the center was detailed down to the millimeter, Native artisans from Africa, Asia, and Latin America would be hired to produce roofs, carvings, and other paraphernalia allowing for realistic representations of Africa, Asia, and Central/South America. Entire forests of palm trees and other non-invasive but reminiscent-of-native plants were planted. Each of the Natural Kingdom lands of Africa, Asia, Central/South America (known in the park as Amazonia), and later Australia and North America, each had animal safaris or walking animal-sightseeing trails tours which would showcase the animals in naturalistic environments.

    640px-Disney_Animal_Kingdom_%2827867033715%29.jpg
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    (Image source Wikimedia and “disneyparks.disney.go.com”)

    Stylized safari vehicles or safari boats (depending on the case) would take visitors through the “wilderness” of the continents to show the animals in these near-natural environments. Naturally this could be quite expensive to maintain, though it did help that compared to the park’s massive Africa Kilimanjaro Safari ride, the Asia and Amazonia boat safaris were much smaller. Adding to the cost, but in keeping with the mission, the ASPCA, Sierra Club, and other animal safety and conservation organizations were partnered with to ensure that the animals were given the best care and kept as safe as possible from accident or illness. They founded the Disney Conservation Society, which included an animal hospital and conservation research center in partnership, with Jane Goodall, Jacques Cousteau, Suzanne Perkins-Gordon (daughter of Wild Kingdom host Marlin Perkins), Sir David Attenborough, and other wildlife conservationists, with a portion of the revenues from the park going to support conservation and animal research efforts worldwide. Eventually, up-and-coming conservationism icons like Steve and Terri Irwin, Jeff Corwin, Wangari Maathai, and Chris and Martin Kratt would partner with the DCS to promote conservation and environmental awareness. It also led to some interesting meetups as these people mingled and interacted.

    “I remember it was early in 1995,” said Rhode. “Jim and David Attenborough had been recruiting various conservationists from around the world to help us make sure the design of Disney’s Animal Kingdom was safe, comfortable, and natural for the animals and guests alike. Two of the people that they found were Steve and Terri Irwin, who ran a conservation park in Australia. Everyone knows them now, but they were largely unknown outside of conservation circles back then. Jim was mesmerized by Steve’s energy and childlike enthusiasm, much as we all are now, and the two of them ended up becoming friends to the point where Terri was on the verge of applying to the ‘Disney Widows’ Club’. Both eventually starred as characters in our Kangaroo Foot ride when the parks Australia land opened.

    “At one point Jim and Steve ran into Fred Rogers, who was at Disney World for a PBS conference, and the three sat down for lunch at the Morocco Pavilion. Eventually Jim flagged down another PBS person there for the conference, painter Bob Ross, who lived in Orlando and had become a frequent sight on the premises, despite his diminishing health. The four of them met for an extended lunch, talking and laughing about who knows what. It was uncanny, like seeing the Four Horsemen of Love and Beauty assembled for some groovy anti-apocalypse.[2]

    “I sent a Gofer to find Jack Lindquist, and Jack came back with a camera crew,” Rhode continued. “Yea, we ambushed them, but footage from the four-way interview we made at the Africa pseudo-pavilion made appearances in everything from Wonderful World [of Disney] to Animal Kingdom promotional material, to the introductory videos that still play at Animal Kingdom.

    “The highlight came when a single pigeon landed on the ground in front of them, cooing along with the interviews. Jack wanted them to ignore it or chase it off, but Bob and Steve couldn’t help but start talking about, and to, the pigeon, throwing around descriptions like ‘rascal’ and ‘beauty’ and tossing it crumbs. And soon Jim couldn’t help but start talking to it using his Ernie voice, asking it where he can find Bert. Fred declared its presence ‘a beatitude for this beautiful day’ and soon that pigeon was getting more attention than the four assembled guests!

    “Ross died of cancer later that year, and Steve, the unknown guy at the time, went on to fame in his own right, so the meeting has become extra poignant in hindsight, like a once in a lifetime convergence of great souls.

    “I have no idea what the pigeon is up to.”

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    Concept art for Tiger River Run (Image source “jamboeveryone.com”)

    While the park would open with Africa, Asia, and the Americas, the latter two lands would not open fully formed. At the park's opening, the Americas would only include Central and South America, while Asia would only be centered around China and India. It would be only during the park’s later phases that Disney would add Tibet (in the form of Expedition Everest) to Asia and North America to both lands alongside Australia, with Australia being added during the park’s 2003 Phase II expansion and North America/Tibet being included as part of the park’s 2006 Phase III.

    “In the case of the park’s North America land,” said Lindquist, “there were a lot of ideas and debate over what to make the land about. The main three suggestions were Europe, North America, and a Polar themed land (with some jokingly thinking we should add an Alien Xeno-animal sci-fi land), and eventually the choice would come down to North America and the Polar land. Ultimately fate would pick our choice for us in late ‘98 when the recently opened park experienced a minor power outage caused by a storm.

    “While the outage was overall very minor all things considered and future power outages could likely be avoided, it did lead to worries about what would happen if we went through with the Polar themed land and a longer power outage occurred, which seemed likely given the frequency of hurricanes in the region. So we dropped the Polar animal themed land and settled on North America for the park’s final real world natural animal themed land.”

    But the park was just the tip of the iceberg, as it were, for Disney’s Animal Kingdom. Inspired by the Victorian Hotel at Valencia and by the concepts presented at WestCOT, Disney opened new on-site hotels in partnership with Marriott: the rustic, child-friendly South Asian themed Camp Mowgli for Asia in Phase I and the Outback Adventure Cabins in Phase II’s Australia. In addition, they also opened a couple of large hotel resorts for guests that weren’t able to pay for the premium prices of the on-site hotels, such as the deluxe African-themed Safari Harambe Resort by 1999 and later the moderate Mayan-themed Kukulkan Resort by 2004. These provided a premium experience that most guests enjoyed.[3]

    Several rides were added as well. One example of this would be The Wild Tiger River Ride[4], which would be half a river safari and also half a thrill ride. Starting off as a river safari that winds itself through the rivers of Asia and showcases natural animals in naturalistic environments, the ride would shift upon entering its finale, as the ride suddenly becomes a trilling rapids-ride that journeys back down along an increasing chaotic river[5]. This finale fan favorite part of the ride would add an additional education aspect to it by exploring the serious issue of deforestation, as guests in their boats find themselves facing a harrowing trip through a burning area of development.

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    (Image by @Denliner)

    And most famously, the park didn’t end with just living animals. To start, Imagineers built Primal Kingdom, a two-sided land that featured on one side a young-child-friendly “real” Dinotopia based on the 1997 Lucasfilm collaboration and on the other a more teen/older-child-friendly “real” Jurassic Park, recreated from the fictional world of the 1993 Spielberg-Burton film. Visitors could “tour” the two sides of the park and view awe-inspiring audio-animatronic dinosaurs. The Dinotopia side featured a Waterfall City full of talking dinosaurs and their human friends (including a talkative Bix served by a remote staff member) and most famously a chance to ride a Skybax through the sky in a unique combination of simulation and active moving animatronics[6].

    The Jurassic Park side of the land on the other hand, was a dark and foreboding reflection of the land next door, being a theme park that openly exploits dinosaurs for entertainment. The Imagineers even came up with an actual lore for the land, which is supposed to be set after the events of the 1993 film. The story for the land that the Imagineers came up with was that BioSyn (the people who hired Nedry to steal the Dino embryos in the event that caused the park’s collapse in the film) is trying to take over where InGen left off and essentially built a new park on the ruins of the old park seen in the film[7]. While the lower levels were quite benign for guests, featuring a safari that explored a lush jungle full of reaching brachiosaurs, grazing gallimimus, and roaming hadrosaurs, the park only became more perilous for guests.

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    Jurassic Park’s main ride will be an EMV attraction (like our timeline’s Dinosaur/Countdown to Extinction above) but be Jurassic Park themed (Image source: “insidethemagic.com”)

    The middle level contained Jurassic Park Safari Adventure, a cutting-edge self-driving EMV ride where guests got to explore the higher reaches full of wild animals, only to have their Dino Safari go very wrong when their vehicle finds itself diverting from the normal designated path and instead traveling through the ruins of the original park and eventually leads to guests being chased in their vehicle by raptors and a T-Rex.

    The highest level of Jurassic Park/Primal Kingdom was initially empty, closed off with a “Forbidden Zone” fence, much to the confusion of many guests. In truth, Disney Imagineers already had plans to make an even more ambitious attraction than Jurassic Park Safari Adventure, although the budget never allowed them to fully realize their plans. Speculation and hype continued to build over the decades as fans theorized what kind of attraction Disney had planned, though the logo for Primal Kingdom always involved a mountain. By 2019, their wishes would be answered, when the ultimate E-Ticket was announced by Disney Recreation: Fossil Mountain, a bleeding-edge $300 million monstrosity that had guests race through the Forbidden Zone, a land full of hostile and territorial dinosaurs from the Therizinosaurus to a massive Giganotosaurus that almost bites the riders on their way back to safety.[8]

    Eventually the land as a whole would see a minor expansion during the Park’s final Phase III expansion in 2006, which would see a mini-land being added in the corner that was Ice Age themed and featured a popular log flume ride called Pleistocene Glacier, with guests encountering Cavemen, Wooly Mammoths, and Sabertooth Tigers.

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    This as a walk-through with animatronics for Dinotopia (Image source PeakPX, Image ©James Gurney)

    Primal Kingdom ultimately featured two hotels, The Waterfall City Resort, which recreated the look and feel of the fictional city, and the Jurassic Park Lodge, a recreation of the movie’s lodge which featured educational resources, an actual working paleontology lab, and a guided or unguided walk-through tour of the “dinosaur hatchery” from the film, with human actors and animatronic hatchlings. A “baby dino petting zoo” would be added later.

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    (Image by @Denliner)

    As you might expect however, Primal Kingdom was not the only land that featured non-living animals, there was also one which featured animals of a more imaginary or mythical nature. Beastlie Kingdomme, or Beastly Kingdom if you want to go with the more modern English spelling, would be added later along with the North America and Australia lands as a Phase II expansion. Just like Primal Kingdom, it was split between a light side and a dark side, with the light side, known as The Enchanted Grove, featuring a walkthrough-tour that gave guests a tour of fantastic beasts and the places where you’d find them: from unicorns, pegasi, dragons (both eastern and western), griffins, minotaurs, mermaids (which gave Imagineers a chance to have Ariel cameo), centaurs, sea serpents, wendigos, behemoths, giants, and the like, there were tons of mythical and fantastic animatronic creatures to see along the tour. Added to the “good” side of the land would be a calming boat ride called Fantasia Gardens, based on the mythical “Beethoven’s Pastorale” sequence from Fantasia. Meanwhile, The Cursed Wasteland was its “dark” counterpart, being a much more desolate and sickly area singed with dragon fire. The centerpiece of the kingdom was a huge castle that housed an inverted dark roller coaster ride Theft of the Dragon’s Hoard, which came complete with real fire breathing dragon animatronic. There was also a ride named the Loch Ness Files which had a skipper attempt to locate the Loch Ness monster along with guests, parodying not only parts of the Jungle Cruise but also of Universal’s Jaws ride at Universal Studios Florida.

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    Beastlie Kingdomme (Image source “themeparktourist.com”)

    Disney’s Animal Kingdom Phase I would open in 1998 with a total cost of $800 million, while Phase II would open in 2003 at a total cost of $320 million[9]. In 2006, the park would get its third (as well as smallest) phase, which cost around $210 million and would expand the park by including new rides to each of already established lands, including Expedition Everest coaster for Asia, North America, and an Ice Age mini-land expansion for Primal Kingdom. The final phase would come in 2019 with the opening of the $330 million Fossil Mountain. While ultimately an expensive park, the phased approach managed to spread out the costs while simultaneously allowing the park to evolve with the guest experience.

    The park, anchored in its opening by Primal Kingdom, was an immediate hit with guests, and visitations increased further when Beastly Kingdom opened in 2003. In the case of Primal Kingdom, despite the underperformance of the Dinotopia film, the land proved itself to be quite popular with all ages and can be accredited for helping the park be as successful as it was when it opened. The Jurassic Park side of said land would, needless to say, be a big part of the land’s continued popularity and success.

    But despite the fact that the park’s extinct and mythical themed lands were the more popular parts of the park for much of its early history, that didn’t mean the animals weren’t beloved. The Nature Kingdom lands were very much popular in their own right, especially among conservationists and general fans of animals, with Disney consistently updating Nature Kingdom over the years. It would ultimately win and fund numerous conservation awards and to this day retains a central “core mission” of education and conservation in addition to entertainment[10].

    In general, Disney’s Animal Kingdom became a beloved “fourth gate” at Walt Disney World and remains incredibly popular. And with a total phase I cost of $800 million it entered the black fairly quickly compared to the epically expensive Disneyland Valencia and DisneySea Long Beach.



    [1] It’s a reference to when Disney tried to market DAK as “not a zoo”, even making up a fake Swahili term (“Nahtazu”) for a commercial. In this timeline Disney wouldn’t even bother, since it is culturally insensitive. Instead, it’s likely for them to come up with the term “not just a zoo!” and then "much more than just a zoo!" to market the park, showing off Primal/Beastly Kingdom to indicate that it is a theme park that has live animals. Ironically, this will end up being more effective in convincing people that it’s not a zoo.

    [2] Once again, hat tip to @nick_crenshaw82, @TheFaultsofAlts, @Plateosaurus, and @GrahamB for this setup.

    [3] On-site hotels (hotels located within the confines of the theme park) are a novelty for Disney, but they decided to go with this idea due to the size of Disney’s Animal Kingdom allowing them to build much larger hotels. They’re very expensive (more expensive than the deluxe option), but guests can spend the entire night inside Disney’s Animal Kingdom without ever having to leave. At first, they will receive low attendance for Phase I since the park is incomplete, though by Phase II the hotels surged in popularity due to Beastly Kingdom’s opening and the unveiling of the Jurassic Park Lodge. They’ve remained popular ever since. As for the resorts, Safari Harambe is this timeline’s equivalent to the Animal Kingdom Lodge while the Kukulkan Resort replaces Coronado Springs.

    [4] Early ideas here, and pith helmet tip to @Plateotsaurus for bringing this ride to my attention. The Wild Tiger River Ride in this timeline will be in effect a mix of the planned but never built Tiger River safari river ride and the eventual Kali River Rapids of our timeline. Rafts would start coupled for an initial slow-moving animal viewing segment, before then decoupling for a thrilling, whitewater finale through a clearcut forest.

    [5] This later finale part of the ride would notably feature animatronic animals (with Jungle Book cameos even showing up at one stage) instead of natural animals in order to not cause undue stress on the animals from guest screams.

    [6] Like Rite of Passage but on Pterosaur Back. Guests can choose from three levels of “excitement”.

    [7] Sort of similar to both Jurassic World park from the film of the same name seen in our timeline and Pandora land from our timeline’s Animal Kingdom which features the “ruins” of human settlements on Pandora.

    [8] Fossil Mountain is an Expedition Everest on steroids. With a price tag of $330 million (roughly the same cost as Universal’s Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure & 3x the price of Everest), it is the most expensive roller coaster in the world in this timeline. Combining Disney Imagnieering’s obsession for detail, life-like modern animatronics, bleeding-edge technology, intricate theming, and a dark backstory, it’s considered to be the ultimate attempt by Disney to make a thrill ride and an E-Ticket. If you’ve ever seen Jurassic World: Dominion, then you would know how vicious and dangerous the Therizinosaurus and Giganotosaurus are depicted, so they’re perfect for this kind of ride.

    [9] Costs more than our timeline’s $500 million since Primal Kingdom is bigger and fancier than DinoLand USA, given the obvious fact that it’ll be a twin-sided centerpiece of the new park, and since North America, Australia and Beastlie Kingdomme were made.

    [10] In general, the Natural Kingdom will have high operating costs due to the conservation efforts (defrayed somewhat with government grants) and lower visitation, but the popular Primal Kingdom and Beastlie Kingdomme sides will earn the money that keeps things profitable.
     
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    To Swoon for a Swan
  • Chapter 17: Spiders and Swans, Part II
    Guest Post from the Riding with the Mouse Net-log by Andreas Deja


    Yes, another guest post! I guess I need to start my own Tlog!

    So, while Terrell was directing his own picture, I was called in to help out Richard Rich with his animated efforts on The Swan Princess. Richard had been one of those “middle generation” after the Nine Old Men and before our “Rat’s Nest” generation. He’d directed The Fox and the Hound, but that had mixed results. He’d tried to get The Swan Princess going since the late 1980s, but kept whiffing at the Hard Pitch. There was always something of higher priority!

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    This, but later and from Disney!

    Richard confessed to me that he almost quit and sought out Bluth[1]. But he found a good job on the side doing direction for Shorts and even shows on World of Magic and Wonderful World. And then he managed to get pulled in to direct and help run Richie, the late ‘80s sitcom sort-of about Richie Rich! I guess that they couldn’t resist how apropos his name was. That led him to doing the animated Richie Rich cartoon for Disney Toon Town and the live action Richie Rich films later in the 1990s.

    But he persisted on The Swan Princess, only Margie Loesch and Jim didn’t like the characters. So he brought in Joss Whedon and Jymn Magon to help, and brought me in to co-direct after my success as Art Director on The Lion King. We worked hard but eventually Jim, Margie, and (the ultimate test) Bernie signed off, and we were good to go!

    I’ve always had a soft spot for Tchaikovsky’s Swan Lake[2]. It’s both beautiful, menacing, and has that strange controversy around its original release. Richie and I made this our passion project. We had a budget of $55 million, but Richie insisted that we do everything handmade: hand drawn, hand-inked, hand-painted, hand-photographed just like Walt used to do. We got Elton John teamed up with Alan Menken to do the music. “Can you Feel the Love” became a classic[3]. We were telling a mostly German story, but we made things just a little bit Russian in the musicality in a salute to Tchaikovsky. In fact, the blending of Germanic and Slavic led us to set the story in a fictionalized multiethnic Alpine-Carpathian area that was sort of Austro-Hungarian so we could have various Germanic and Slavic and other ethnicities (even Arabs and Turks!).

    What a lot of people like about the tale is the empowerment of the female lead Princess Odette, voiced by Paige O'Hara. Joss wanted to make sure that she had agency and married on her own terms[4]. In fact, we went and made the whole film a parable about consent and free will. Odette would be introduced as a teenager, whose parents are planning to wed her off in an arranged marriage with the old and treacherous, but wealthy and powerful Baron Rothbart (Tony Jay) in a big gala event with ballet and waltz and all kinds of over-the-top Old European extravaganza, all set to the overture “An Arrangement of Love”. But Odette was her own person, and had her own ideas. Her “I Want” became “(Love) On my Own Terms”, and she openly (and scandalously!) rejects the baron’s hand. Of course, when she spurns the powerful Rothbart, who is also an evil sorcerer who has made an infernal pact with a demon named Scratch, he curses her with the form of a swan, who only resumes her true form in the light of the full moon.

    We took a lot of the lead animators on a trip to Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Romania to prepare for the artwork. We made sure that all of the backgrounds, which we shot using the old multiplane table for that old school Walt-era parallax, were realistically inspired. We made sure each castle had a distinct feel of the area and made each mountain and tree and alpine field look just right.

    We then introduced Prince Siegfried. For “Siggy” as we called him, we wanted a manly man just a little bit dense and arrogant, so Richard White was the perfect actor for a well-meaning jerk that comes to see the light. Siggy has his own slightly selfish version of “On my Own Terms”, where he wants to marry “the most beautiful woman” who he’ll know and love “by her beauty”. Elton tells me that the two songs are a tritone off in key, so that there’s a subtle disharmony between them. Siggy’s parents try to interest him in various women, who all fawn over him, but he wants to marry for love (or at least his immature idea thereof!). Then he and his goofy friend Pavel (Jesse Corti) see swans fly by, and go to hunt them.

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    (Image source IMDB)

    For the woods scenes, we used Transylvania as the model and for the creatures therein, we studied hours upon hours of animal movements to get it all right. We managed to nearly match the grandeur of the flights of birds in The Lion King with our flight of swans, and we did it all by hand, Richard Williams style. We even hired Williams as a consultant to get it all right. And Rich Nanula [the CFO] developed an ulcer as the costs grew!

    Siggy and Pavel travel into the woods with a group of hunters singing “On the Hunt”, but Siggy gets separated from the others as the sun goes down. We then meet Odette in Swan form and her animal friends, Mauque 1 the French Turtle (Jerry Orbach), who is a natural romantic, Vadoma the playful Romani goldfish (Kimmy Robertson), Živan the aristocratic Slavic Puffin (David Ogden Stiers), and György the grumpy Hungarian Frog (Frank Welker). Odette sings “Moonlight Enchantment” as the sun sets and she transforms back into her beautiful human form. At this point Siggy stumbles across her and meets Odette and falls instantly (and superficially) in love. He meets with her and learns of the curse, learning that only by true, unconditional love shall she be freed from the curse. Siggy makes a promise to love her, but since there’s a selfish component to this meeting (his superficiality and her self-interest at breaking the curse) it’s doomed to fail for now.

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    (Image source “electricghost.co.uk”)

    They share the showstopping duet “Can you Feel the Love”, which has just a tinge of irony to the lyrics (“Your beauty makes me love you true” “Is beauty all there is for you?”) and Elton tells me she sang in a key of B-flat Major and he in C Major, almost connected, but not quite. As the moon sets and she turns back into a swan, he departs, swearing that he will remain true “for her honest love”. Odette says that she will come to him in a month’s time.

    So Siggy returns to the castle, a man in love, but Rothbart has been watching using his magic (seeing through the eyes of his Bat-minion Johann D. Fledermaus, voiced by Hank Azaria), and senses a chance to gain a new kingdom: Siggy’s. As Siggy sets up a gala ball on the night of the next full moon to celebrate his new love when she arrives, Rothy uses his dark magic to make his beautiful but wicked daughter Odile (Helena Bonham Carter) look like Odette as they sing “Beauty is Only Skin Deep”. When Odile appears at a gala (“the Black Swan”), Siggy mistakes her for Odette and soon Odile and Siggy share a dance surrounded by all of the other dancers. We worked hard to add subtle facial expressions: his enchanted love and her deceptive lusty guile disguised as love. As with the opening dance, we worked long hours getting all of the dancers to move in time. It could have been really simple to do it with the Pixar tech, but Richard insisted that we were doing things by hand. Costs soared!

    Odette, finally arriving after being deliberately delayed by Johann, is there in time to see the dance, just as Siggy leans in for a kiss that would curse her forever as a swan. Betrayed, she cries and runs off. Siggy, stopped by her cries from making the kiss, unceremoniously drops Odile and chases after Odette, but the moon sets and she transforms back into a swan and flies away.

    So naturally, Siggy goes back to the lake and tries to win her back. But she is betrayed. He couldn’t even tell that it wasn’t her under the glamor! His love for her really was only skin deep!

    But Siggy knows which swan of the dozens in the lake is truly her “by the light in her eye” and thus demonstrates an ability to see “the beauty within”. Siggy pleads for a second chance. They start to sing a reprise of “Can you Feel the Love”, this time both in B-flat Major with lines of Siggy “Seeing true” beyond empty beauty, but Rothy, Johann, and Odile interrupt and confront them. Siggy and Rothy draw their swords for the climactic fight while Odile comes after Odette with a dagger. Aided by her animal friends, Odette manages to escape and Odile ends up face down in the muck, the animals laughing at her.

    But in the sword fight: shock! Siggy is stabbed and falls, mortally wounded! As Rothy gloats in triumph Odette flies to Siggy, and the two share a few tear-filled bars of “Feel the Love”, and cry as he seems to slip away. But…magic tears of true love have fallen, his wound fades away, and she is transformed back into a human while dark shadows the shape of demons arrive to drag Rothy away, presumably to hell, and Odile is transformed into a literal black swan, cursed herself until she can learn to love.

    “Well, hello, mon cher,” says Mauque 1.

    The final battle with Rothy was a fun and action-filled fight, and getting the choreography right was critical. Williams’s lessons helped a lot and we managed to get some breathtaking footage and they twist and dance around each other, even though Williams could only bring himself to call it “not bad” (he’s a super perfectionist!). And yes, we deliberately made the fights mirror the ballet dances of earlier. A danse de la mort, as it were.

    swan-princess-rothbart.jpg

    Rothbart (Image source “theanimationcommendation.com”)

    And we of course have to end with a big wedding with more dances and lights and music and fireworks. The chorus sings “A Love Made True” as a finale that quoted the opening “An Arrangement of Love”. Let me tell you, we spent hours getting all of those details right. And it paid off because we won Annies for Character Animation and Production Design and were nominated for Best Animated Feature. We ultimately netted $388 million, with the animation largely praised and the critics generally mixed on the plot, but hey, it’s a Disney Classic and the independent and self-actualizing Princess Odette is a popular Disney Princess.

    The Swan Princess is not usually cited as people’s favorite Disney Animated Feature, but it holds a special place with the fans and us animators alike for being all hand animated: drawn, inked, painted, and photographed by hand the way they made Snow White. It’s special with me because I co-directed it, but also special because of how we made it. It’s remembered for the intricate dance sequences in particular, which ended up swelling the final budget to over $73 million, so we’re so glad that they amazed audiences. It redeemed Richard Rich as a feature animation director and made my name as one.

    Yes, I was glad that I got to be a part of that.



    [1] In our timeline he directed The Black Cauldron, which flopped hard and he was soon fired. He founded his own studio and eventually produced The Swan Princess in 1994, which flopped, in part because Disney (Katzenberg) deliberately screwed him by re-releasing The Lion King against it.

    [2] Speculation on my part.

    [3] Similar to our timeline’s “Can you Feel the Love Tonight” but follows a more classic Russian/Rachmaninoff instrumentation.

    [4] Some celebrate our timeline’s The Swan Princess for exactly this reason, such as here.
     
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    Crawling Back to the Ex
  • Chapter 8: Something Approaching the Big Time (Cont’d)
    Excerpt from All You Need is a Chin: Confessions of a B-Movie Actor by Bruce Campbell


    So in 1995, Universal merged with ABC and Hollywood Pictures. This meant that Sam’s bestest bud in the whole wide world Jeff Katzenberg became the head of the combined movie studios. We were already weeks into principal photography on The Curse[1], starring Sarah Michelle Gellar, when this all happened. Sam, following Ted and Ivan’s advice, tried to mend fences, but Jeff apparently never forgets a slight and set immediately to sabotage him. By mutual agreement, Sam’s contract was torn up and the film was handed off to Jim Gillespie. And while Sam will never admit this, Jim didn’t do half bad, resulting in a perfectly fine horror film, though clearly lacking a lot of that Raimi touch.

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    The One that Got Away…

    For my part, my cameo as a doctor was already in the can, so I took the money and ran. I had my own film to make, after all: a major supporting role as storm chaser Dustin “Dusty” Davis in Spielberg’s Catch the Wind. You know, the tornado flick with the cow flying through the air.

    Yeah, you forgot about that one already, but it was a #3 success back in ’96. That one was a Columbia production, one of Dawn Steel’s last greenlights, and they were happy to give Amblin free rein to do what Steve and director Bob Zemeckis wanted. When Eisner took over, he mostly left us alone since Costner was driving him nuts on The Postman.

    220px-Twistermovieposter.jpg


    Yeah, that was a good supporting role and I got a meaty paycheck to boot. It also, following on from Superman 2 and The Wolfman, got me what may be my most famous role: CEO Peter Ludlow on Jurassic Park 2: The Lost World. Sure, it was kind of a reprise of my role on The Wolfman, and similar enough to Alex Evell that I was fast reaching the point of getting typecast, so I decided to push the limits of my ability for my next role and with luck break the typecast before it took hold.

    More on that later.

    The Lost World was a blast to work on, even though there was this feeling hovering over everything like we had to work extra hard and pull in boo-koo bucks to make up for the losses sure to come on The Road to Ruin, which was badly over-budget and that everyone just knew was going to crash and burn. I convinced Steve to give Sam a chance at directing, which wasn’t a hard sell. Brian Henson and Sam then conspired behind Jim and Steve’s backs to make a limited release hard-R cut. I get bitten in half by a T-Rex, graphically, my legs left dancing and fountaining red dyed corn syrup like a diabetes volcano.

    Fun times.

    But while Disney and Amblin were working well for him, Sam was making side plans with his Ex, Lisa Henson over at Fox. According to Sam, her first words when he stepped into her office were, “well, well…look who came crawling back.”

    And I’m 90% sure that Sam is full of it here. Knowing Lisa as well as I do, and knowing her no-nonsense attitude, I’m pretty sure she got right down to business. Like, “Hey Sam, what’s the pitch?”

    Not as dramatic or romantic, but hey, that’s the real Hollywood. Talk is cheap, time is money.

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    Now, nothing that Sam made was likely to get put on the Fox label (well, he did help produce Wyrd Sisters), but she’d established a good working relationship with Sid Ganis over on the 20th Century side, which fancied itself the “Men’s Department” to stand out from the “Foxes”. Sid, seeking young male audiences with disposable income and no familial distractions, wanted something from Sam in the Otherworldly Horror vein, which was emerging as the heir apparent to the Smart Slasher that Sam had created and a lower-budget answer to the big-budget Universal Retro stuff. Sam was already on the hook to direct The Lost World, but he had some ideas. He’d fallen in love with Guillermo Del Toro’s Chronos and The Faun, two of the films that kicked off the Otherworldly Horror craze, and Sid was game. So Sam produced The Devil’s Backbone for 20th Century with Del Toro writing and directing. They filmed it cheap in Mexico (it was set during the Mexican Civil War back in the 1910s) and used mostly Mexican actors, but the effects were brilliant and the tension palpable. It got rave reviews and Sam and Guillermo agreed to partner again, this time on the production of the H.P. Lovecraft inspired In the Mouth of Madness, which they took over from John Carpenter.

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    PFN Logo (Image by @ExowareMasses)

    But Sam and Ted did produce something with Rob Tapert for PFN through Lisa, and it became legendary. It all started with Hercules and the Amazon Women, filmed in New Zealand and starring Brian Thompson of He Man fame as Herc. It was a successful-enough made-for-TV film and stealth pilot, but Brian didn’t quite capture the public imagination. But one supporting character did: the villainous Lysia, played by Lucy Lawless.

    So Herc never got picked up, but Rob fell in love with Lucy, both professionally and literally, it turned out, and launched a spin-off series Lysia of Amazonia, starring Lucy and Renee O'Connor as her partner Deianeira. I made a few guest appearances as the scoundrel Telemachus and had my own one-season spinoff, but you nerds knew that. Oh, and Hercules ultimately does shows up as a recurring antagonist, anti-villain, and occasional begrudging ally rather than a hero, this time played by Jason Momoa. There was even a short-lived Jason and the Argonauts spinoff that lasted three seasons. I bet you forgot about that one.

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    Basically this, without a parallel Hercules series

    Still, Lysia took the tube by storm and made Lucy a household name. Paired with shows like Final Girl and The Coven, it managed to ride a female-led fantasy boom, becoming a modern classic. All because of the critical role of Telemachus.

    Yeah, I know, pull the other one. Lucy owned that show and good on her.

    And speaking of mythology, Sam wasn’t done with Disney. He met with Stan Lee and pitched a Mighty Thor movie. Hey, if Wonder Woman can introduce the Greco-Roman gods like Eris and Ares, why not drag in the Norse ones? Well, on the animated front that was an easy sell. Thor had already made a brief appearance on the X-Men cartoon and was slated to be a part of an Avengers cartoon, so spinning off a Mighty Thor animated series was practically a given. They already had John Rhys-Davies providing the voice.

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    (Image source Marvel Animated universe Wiki)

    Well, The Mighty Thor: The Animated Series launched in ’97 and managed to limp through with two seasons with a decent following, but let’s face it, it was no X-Men or Spider-Man. I did some guest voices, but never really became a major part of the production.

    But even with the series underperforming, we went into pre-production on a feature film. The simple fact was that DC was already launching crossover films and had big plans for the Justice League. Hell, Sam should know, it was his idea to begin with! And, well, the closest that Marvel had to the JL was The Avengers, and outside of you glorious comics nerds, who knew who the hell they were in 1990-whatever? Marvel had the movie version of the Hulk already established, though the sequel was on hold since it hadn’t quite lived up to expectations at the box office. Black Panther was already in the queue thanks to Westley Snipes and Captain America was on their radar. But otherwise, you had, who, Ant Man? Iron Man? Basically, nobodies back then. Thor seemed to be the biggest name among what they had left.

    The Marvel movie schedule was full between the X-Men, The Fantastic Four, and Black Panther, but Sam got the greenlight to make it for a 1999 release. Ivan started working on a screenplay with Neil Gaiman (who really wanted to do a Dr. Strange movie too), with a story developing about Thor, who inhabits the body of a dorky professor, battling his half-brother Loki, who in turn, in a nod to the Otherworldly Horror aspect, is trying to unleash Jörmungandr the World Serpent upon Midgard, a.k.a. Earth. Sam approached Brad Pitt to star, who seemed receptive.

    So Sam and Ted had the tentative green light. The bigger question became whether they could make the relatively unknown Nordic deity into a successful film star. It would take more than a big hammer to make it happen.

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    (Image source Spreadshirt Media)

    In the meantime, though, Thor could wait. Guillermo and Cthulhu were calling. And so was my big dramatic debut.



    [1] Went into Production Hell for over a decade in our timeline, eventually becoming 2009’s Drag Me to Hell. Here it will be moderately successful supernatural horror film.
     
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    Meta-.Discussion: Highway to the Fiction Zone
  • Meta-Discussion: A Sliding Scale of Butterflies
    Or: (cue Kenny Loggins) Highway to the Fiction Zone


    I’ve always tried to be upfront with my reasoning on butterflies in my timeline as a way of making clear-ish why I made some of the decisions that I did, even as I occasionally break my own rules when the story dictates, or for the fun of it in the case of random crap like the infamous Big Lipped Alligator Moment in All Dogs go to Heaven.

    In general, I’ve followed an Expanding Butterfly Model, where changes start small and then expand like ripples on a disturbed pond. I’ve spoken earlier about how things progress from Small Changes to Plausible Butterflies to Maximal Butterflies to Pure Fiction, and made clear that we’re well into Max Butterfly Zone and fast approaching Fiction. I’ve tried to reflect that in my writing. Many guest posts, however, are notably reverting back towards our timeline, particularly in the case of “That Show/Film that I Loved as a Kid”. I haven’t specifically pushed back too much there except when it contradicts Canon. That said, I’d ideally like my guest writers to push the limits of their imagination and come up with the show that their favorite creative artist would have come up with in this timeline given the differing circumstances, or at least make an effort to determine how their show would have been different, but I’m not going to be dogmatic about it, since this is for entertainment, not a religion.

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    (Image source Old Pond Comics)

    Now, a lot of people don’t like that I’m changing so much and I get it. Much of what I liked from my childhood was subtly changed or kept somewhat familiar simply due to the fact that the POD happened in my childhood. For those of you “just being born” then yea, strictly following my Expanding Butterflies most of what you grew up with would be gone. And yea, that sucks. Many of the more modern shows that I love, like Bojack Horseman, are likewise gone, certainly as we know them. I’m getting to the point where a lot of shows that have a lot of serious hard-core attachment, like Firefly, need to be considered, and it’s practically a third rail issue since the only thing that most Browncoats would want me to change about that show would be making it not get Screwed by Fox, even though at this point Joss Whedon’s life and experiences are vastly different from what they were at this point in our timeline. Most realistically it doesn’t exist at all, though I’m devising some middle-ground ideas given just how important that show is for so many, and I totally get why: it was a brilliant show and I loved it. All I’d personally change would be not getting Screwed By Fox…that and maybe some actual Chinese people given that they’re supposedly one of the primary cultural and political forces in the ‘verse and all.

    So, yea, things are going to change. The things you love will be different or not there at all. Things that I love will be different or not at all. You have been warned numerous times by now, so it’s still a bit of a surprise to hear people asking me why I “had” to change things.

    I “had” to in order to stay (mostly) consistent with my own rules. I’ll break them on rare occasion (e.g. Bill & Ted’s Excellent Adventure, which is a wink to the audience and never meant to be taken seriously) but I’m trying not to make a habit of it.

    “But other timelines do things different.” Yes, A. Strawman, they do. Many timelines follow a Max Parallelism model where “unless it explicitly is changed, then it’s exactly the same”. That’s not this timeline.

    You see (time to set up the title to pay off), there are two basic ways to look at the universe: the Deterministic Model and the Changeable Model. Whether the concept is discussed philosophically/religiously in terms of Free Will vs. God’s Will or scientifically in terms of Multiple Universes Model vs. Copenhagen Consensus, to drastically oversimplify complex “I could write a 200-page thesis about this” subjects, you have a span from “time is fixed” to “time is chaotic”.

    On one end you have a Fully Deterministic Universe. All of time and space is set. Time is a fixed dimension in space-time. You can’t change Time any more than you can change Left. Obviously, this is not a very conducive model for an Alternate History since by definition History is fixed. No “alternates” possible. Dr. Who would be a very boring show in such a universe.

    At the other extreme is a world where tiny changes spiral rapidly. A breath (or butterfly flap) taken a microsecond later spirals off, drastically altering weather patterns within days. Events in the city where the change happens start to spiral quickly. The friendly conversation turns bad. A chance meeting that led to an amazing relationship is missed. The game of chance goes another way with long term financial consequences. The business deal goes a different direction. Traffic patterns change causing a million follow-on effects from late meetings to fatal accidents. Anyone conceived even seconds afterwards is, due to the chaos of conception, not conceived, but instead it will be a genetic sibling, one of millions of potential siblings. Entertainment-wise, all pop culture is drastically different within a few years.

    Most Alternate Histories fall somewhere between these two poles. A “sliding Scale”. There: title paid off.

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    Choose your Butterfly Level (Image source iStock)

    So, typically you see one of two approaches in an alternate history. You have people who follow a more deterministic model (“if it isn’t specifically changed then it’s the same”) where even in a universe where the Confederacy won the American Civil War, Louis Armstrong is still born “on schedule” and still playing Jazz in New Orleans unless specific events are demonstrated that prevent that. The most extreme version of this is the “parallel world” model that you see a lot in science fiction or comics. Like the Mirror Universe in Star Trek where all the same crew end up stationed together in the same relative positions on the same ships generation after generation after generation despite drastic changes to the geopolitical (astropolitical?) history of the universe.

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    No Butterfly can keep Kirk and Spock apart, it seems (Image source StarTrek.com)

    Or you have a “max butterfly” situation where “everything changes quickly and nothing is the same” and despite the change happening in the mid-1960s Gene Roddenberry’s Star Trek is never greenlit. In a generation nothing, and nobody, is the same. Things spiral quickly into the Fiction Zone.

    Or you have people like me who try to do something in the middle. As I’ve mentioned in earlier discussions on this topic, I’ve kept things artificially less butterfly-prone despite the fact that pop culture and creative art are some of the most ephemeral and butterfly-prone things, more like the weather than geology and geopolitics, which have some inertia behind them.

    For me, it’s a part of the challenge. Create a world that flows from the familiar into the unfamiliar over the scope of its runtime. That’s why the 1980s were very familiar, the 1990s are less familiar with more changes, and the 2000s will be very different, essentially Fiction Zone. It’s part of the challenge that I made for myself. And for those “playing along from home” you’ve (whether you wanted to or not) signed on to follow those rules.

    So for those making guest contributions, please quit trying to make things exactly per our timeline. At least make a few small changes to the cast or title or plot or circumstances. At least play some lip service to my stated butterfly strategy. And that means being ready to Kill your Darlings[1]. I’ve killed many of my Darlings (e.g. Deep Space 9). I’ve removed some of my favorite actors from my favorite roles for them. I’m only asking of you what I ask of myself.

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    Goodbye, my Darling… (Image source IMDB)

    Admittedly I’ve been better about it some days than others. And yes, looking back at things I can already see things that I would have done differently, particularly when new facts about the production of a film or TV show or the creative artists behind them come to light. I can think of plenty of times where a new revelation about the decisions behind a production make me go “ah, crap, totally should have gone that way.”

    It's a creative challenge, and a lot more work than if I’d just chosen a parallelist approach, but it’s also the one that balances realism with artistry and gives me the most creative flexibility while forcing me to think outside of the confines of my own experiences.

    Call it the ultimate creative exercise.



    [1] Though I mean this slightly differently than the Creative Writing rule of the same name.
     
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    Movies 1996
  • New York Times Short Movie Reviews, 1996

    The Voodoo that You Do so Well, Mr. Bond


    Ralph Feines returns as Agent 007 in this follow-up to 1994’s Casino Royale. Following in its period reboot formula, To Live and Let Die is a world away from the 1973 Roger Moore film of the same name in both story and style, tracking closely to the original Ian Flemming book. This choice will ironically remind Bond film fans a lot of certain parts of 1981’s For Your Eyes Only, which were taken from the To Live and Let Die novel. In fact, probably the biggest deviations from the book are in the portrayal of voodoo and Black Caribbeans, which are both presented with a more nuanced and humanizing touch that’s a blissful step away from the original exploitational portrayals by Mr. Flemming (though some may miss Geoffrey Holder’s scene-stealing Baron Samedi from the earlier production).

    Also addressed are the racist assumptions of the time (the film, like the book, takes place in 1954), even as expressed by Mr. Bond himself, who learns a level of respect and understanding in this telling. Balanced carefully between the nuance of the sociopolitical story and the brutally naturalistic action scenes, this film is a treat, with Feines’ masterful and transcendent acting playing well against the enchanting Halle Berry as love interest Solitaire, James Spader as CIA agent Felix Leitner, and Delroy Lindo as the villainous Mr. Big. And Pete Postlethwaite, it hardly needs to be said, returns as M. While To Live and Let Die may not have quite the air of “event” around it that its predecessor did, it is nonetheless a solid and enjoyable Bond film in its own right, a good follow-up to 1994’s Casino Royale, and should satisfy Bond fans and casual moviegoers alike[1].

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    To Live and Let Die, Rated T for action, adult language, and adult situations, ⭐⭐⭐



    Heart of Lightness

    After 1994’s literally explosive mega-budget Star Trek: Point of No Return, two things seem to have become apparent to Paramount: 1) that something lighter and more whimsical was called for, and 2) that something significantly lower budget was needed. Thus we get Star Trek: Timeless, a whimsical story of Riker and crew travelling “up” a strange temporal disturbance called The Briar Patch to find a mystical “lost colony” led by Riker’s “twin” Tom Riker (actually the result of a transporter accident) where the deaging power of the temporal anomaly has led to a strange utopian Immortality Spa. Quoting Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, but as a lighthearted comedy, the Next Generation Crew team up with the Envoy crew to navigate The Briar Patch to where Tom Riker lives as a whimsical Kurtz leading a team of scheeming but bumbling Ferengi (in particular Jason Alexander’s Harlequin-like Brurg) that have all “gone native” alongside some mystical alien locals called the Va’ana who seem to live in a state of temporal flux. The crews must deal with a conspiracy by Tom Riker and the Ferengi to “steal” the youth-giving powers of the temporal anomaly in order to “bottle and sell it” in a play on the Fountain of Youth legend and as a satire of human vanity and the commercial exploitation thereof.

    Director Jonathan Frakes seems to be having the time of his life playing opposite to himself as the noble Commodore William Riker and his scheming “brother” Tom, whom he must steer away from his “long con” against the Va’ana and back into the fold of the Prime Directive, particularly once the awkward “side effects” of the “bottled” youth potion are revealed. The Riker V. Riker plot may seem like a Frakes ego trip waiting to happen, but writer Michael Piller gives the two a brilliant spin as a literal reflection of the two sides of Riker and by extension the two sides of humanity. It’s the lightest and most humorous Trek film since Star Trek IV, giving Robert Englund’s Data a chance to show his comedy chops and Rosalind Chao’s tough-as-nails Tasha Yar a chance to indulge in a little girly vanity with Sam Smith’s Leslie Crusher, who in turn is terrified that she’s “turning back into a teenager”. And yet it still manages to ask some profound questions about human short term greed and the exploitive nature of colonialism. It’s a big change from the last Trek outing for sure, but I for one found it enjoyable[2].

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    Not really this…

    Star Trek: Timeless, Rated T for action, adult language, and adult situations, ⭐⭐⭐



    Creepy Crawlies

    They did Cyborg Soldiers in ’92. They did Egyptian Aliens in ’94. And now director Roland Emmerich and producer Dean Devlin team up to bring us spiders. Lots and lots and lots of spiders, from hoards of tiny killers to a stadium-sized monster. Ugg! The fittingly-named Arachnophobia was a script that had been bouncing around Hollywood for a while. At one point Steven Spielberg was attached to it. But when Warner Brothers picked it up in turnaround, new WB President John Peters handed it to Emmerich, who’d been struggling to come up with a new idea for a follow-up to 1994’s Gateway[3]. With Devlin and Emmerich taking a spin with the original Don Jakoby script, and adding in the giant spider at the end (reportedly at the insistence of Peters), the results were far larger in scope than Jakoby originally envisioned, with the resulting film starting as a modern take on Kingdom of the Spiders and then evolving into Godzilla by the end. Starring Jeff Goldblum and Randy Quaid[4], this is an old-fashioned matinee creature-feature with the scale and scope of a summer blockbuster. The writing is corny and cliched, and full of silly one-liners, sometimes multiple one-liners back-to-back[5], making you wonder if this is a subtle parody of action blockbusters in disguise, or just an accidental self-parody. Either way, it works for what it is, which is pure popcorn fare. This isn’t a movie that insults your intelligence as much as one that kindly asks you to leave it at the door.

    Arachnophobia_%28film%29_POSTER.jpg

    This by Roland Emmerich!

    Arachnophobia, Rated T for action, horror tropes, adult language, and adult situations, ⭐⭐



    Show Me the Money

    Up-and-coming director Cameron Crowe of Say Anything and Triple Play fame wows us again with Game, a heartfelt emotional rollercoaster following the life of a superstar sports agent and pulled from the headlines. Super-agent Jerry Stein (Jeff Goldblum) is a talented but conflicted sports agent at a major agency who makes waves, gets fired, strikes out on his own, signs the biggest name in football (Tupac Shakur’s Tyree Spiner), rekindles a fragmenting relationship with the love of his life (Renée Zellweger’s Dorothy Farrell), and helps rally the city of Los Angeles to save the LA Rams from a move to St. Louis[6]. Released by Hyperion, but clearly tied in with the Disney side of the company, the story takes clear inspiration from super-agent Leigh Steinberg and his battle with his former agency and fight to save the LA Rams. And while the actual events of the story, from the “open letter” that got him fired (allegedly inspired by Jeff Katzenberg’s leaked memo at ABC) to the unlikely signing of Spiner to the triumphant deal between Disney CEO Ron Miller and Georgia Frontier (as themselves with a further cameo by Jim Henson), are all exciting in their own right, it’s really Goldblum’s unflappable charisma as the calm and slightly befuddled face at the center of the hurricane and his excellent chemistry with Shakur and Zellweger that keeps you invested[7]. While the story might have benefitted from a tighter focus, say just the Rams deal or the Spiner deal, in all it’s a wonderful underdog story with the affectionate subjective direction for which Cameron is proving to be an emerging master.

    Jerry_Maguire_movie_poster.jpg

    Basically this, but touched by butterflies

    Game, Rated R for language, adult situations, nudity, sex, and substance use, ⭐⭐⭐½



    Flight of Dragons

    Fox Films once again brings us dragons (and lots of them) in the aptly-named Dragonflight by director James Cameron. While unrelated to 1994’s Dragonheart (this film is adapted from the Dragonriders of Pern series by Anne McCaffrey), this spiritual sequel takes us to the land of Pern, a fantasy realm where an elite group of men and women and their psychically-linked dragon steeds exist to protect all life on the planet from a deadly alien substance known as the Thread. But the Thread hasn’t appeared in centuries and is practically a legend, and many of Pern’s wealthiest citizens are starting to wonder why so many resources are going to these elite riders when the resources could, they say, be better used elsewhere (particularly in their own vaults). By this point only one “Weyr” of dragons remains, and if the prophesies are true, the Thread will soon return and this single Weyr will not be enough to protect the planet from extinction. The story follows Leesa (Winona Ryder), the last of a once-mighty family murdered by usurpers, who must convince the people of Pern that the Thread is real, and that drastic steps must be taken immediately if they are to protect the planet. What unfolds is a tale of passion, intrigue, plot, and suspense as Leesa and her beau F’lar (Brad Pitt) must unite the people of Pern to overcome the machinations of self-serving aristocrats and powerful financial interests with a vested interest in covering up the threat posed by the Thread in what unfolds through Cameron as a metaphor for the fight against global warming. While the plot is convoluted, stuffing several novellas of information into a single story, and the film itself a bit of an overwrought melodrama at times, Cameron’s dynamic direction, brilliant effects by the Creatureworks, and great acting make for an engaging visual treat[8].

    AnneMcCaffrey_Dragonflight.jpg

    Dragonflight, Rated T for action, adult language, and adult situations, ⭐⭐⭐



    Fun, but Hardly Super

    Superman returns, and this time he brings Batman (now played by William Baldwin) and Wonder Woman (Catherine Zeta-Jones) with him in this obvious set-up for the long-rumored crossover Justice League film. And while the action is crisp and the effects great, a convoluted plot involving Lex Luthor (Patrick Stewart), Braniac (Dennis Haysbert), and a criminal mastermind known as Ra's al Ghul (Jason Isaacs), along with shady businessman Roman Mars (William Forsythe), who is in truth the god Ares, keeps the film from attaining the heights that it could. Plot excuses to get our heroes to fight each other come across as contrived (though the actual action scenes are fantastic). The dialog, the result of a rumored ten rewrites from a half-dozen hands, lacks that punch from the earlier DC films and is full of orphaned set-ups, with even Superman actor Robert Downy Jr’s famous quips falling flat.

    And while Robert Downy Jr’s legal troubles and substance abuse may be dominating the tabloids, the real effects of addiction appear to be taking their toll as Downy phones in his performance and seems to lose focus on more than one occasion. Rumors persist of a deeply troubled production with absentee actors and executive interference and competing cuts that have director Michael Mann swearing that he’ll never work for Warner Brothers again. Could all of these rumored issues be the reason why little in this film seems to come together? Either way, the film somehow does manage to just squeak by as popcorn fare based on the action and effects[9]. We can only hope that they pull it all together in time for the now seemingly inevitable Justice League.

    220px-Batman_v_Superman_Dawn_of_Justice_poster.jpg

    Has shades of this…

    Superman: Champion of Justice, Rated PG for action, adult language, and adult situations, ⭐⭐



    The Curse of the Pharaohs

    Director David Fincher takes up the Universal Monster Renaissance baton with The Mummy, and brings his dark, eccentric eye to the story of cursed Egyptian sorcerer Imhotep (a commanding performance by Daniel Day-Lewis) who has returned to life and is seeking power and revenge. Based in part on the 1932 original with Boris Karloff, Fincher’s dark take, set in the 1930s, is a tale of conspiracy, madness, and greed as ne’er-do-well Egyptologist Dr. Edvard Muller (Armin Mueller-Stahl) inadvertently unleashes the supernatural horror of Imhotep, who soon, using the power of his magic to disguise his hideous true form, insinuates himself into European high society as the wealthy importer Ardeth Bey in a dark scheme to retake earthly power in the “modern” 1930s world.

    But the discovery of Helena Bonham Carter’s Helen Grosvenor, who bears an uncanny resemblance to his lost love, the Princess Ankh-amun, soon distracts Imhotep from his dark path to power. And only the seemingly insane Frank Whemple (Johnny Depp) sees the whole truth and can expose Imhotep for what he is. Corporate greed, Nazi occultism, political conspiracy, and foul sorcery blend into a twisting, non-linear tale full of constant swerves and paranoia where truth, reality, and perception are arguably a matter of perspective…a perspective skewed by Fincher’s subjective, misleading camera work and unreliable characters. The end result is a rollercoaster of action, drama, dark comedy, and thrills and a great accompaniment to the rest of the Universal Monster pantheon.

    220px-The_mummy.jpg

    Definitely not this…

    The Mummy, Rated R for graphic violence, horror tropes, adult language, and adult situations; ⭐⭐⭐½



    Slammin’ Sci-Fi Action

    Orion dives once again into the comics world, this time in an adaption of Walter Simonson’s Star Slammers in partnership with Dark Horse Productions. Following a squad of Space Mercenaries in a future world, Slammers is a surprisingly nuanced war film that addresses the complexities and horrors of war even as it dazzles with incredible effects courtesy of WETA Digital, the up-and-coming effects company behind Kong: King of Skull Island. This big-budget effects film starring Bruce Willis and Jamie Foxx is rumored to have topped $70 million in costs, but the results are spectacular and director John McTiernan reminds us why he is the action movie director to beat. Whether it can go toe-to-toe with MGM’s highly anticipated X-Men remains to be seen[10].

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    Slammers, Rated T for violence, action, and adult language; ⭐⭐⭐



    An Alien in Manhattan, Darkly

    After a very long and very troubled production, Clair Noto’s The Tourist has finally screened. It’s a tale of Production Hell that goes back to 1980 when Noto’s bizarre script about an alien secretly living in Manhattan was first optioned by Universal, to be produced by Renee Missell and Brian Gibson, with artist H. R. Giger enlisted to provide art direction. After a year of contentious rewrites, the script went into turnaround, where Coppola picked it up for American Zoetrope, just in time for One From the Heart to flop, taking his studio with it. Coppola held onto the rights, eventually showing it to Tim Burton while he was working with MGM on Tucker: A Man and his Dream. Burton was intrigued, but busy, and the script ended up in the Skeleton Crew “to do” pile.

    Eventually, Larry and Andy Wachowski came across the script while discussing an unrelated script with Burton’s Skeleton Crew. They fell madly in love with its dark vision and jumped to put it into production. They contacted David Lynch to potentially direct, who declined to direct but agreed to help executive produce instead. It would be Skeleton Crew collaborator Barry Sonnenfeld who would introduce them to David Cronenberg, who’d done Adams Family Values and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein with him. Cronenberg was a natural choice and the film went back into active production for Fantasia Films with some script doctoring by Caroline Thompson.

    And what a vision it is! The sexy Natasha Henstridge shines as the secret alien Grace Riley[11], who gets caught up in a dark conspiracy as she seeks an escape from the “backwater” planet Earth. Peter Weller is unnerving as the nefarious Frogner, who works for the violent and murderous Harry Sloane (Julian Sands). All seek the mysterious John Taiga (Jaye Davidson), who may have found a way off the planet. The resulting plot plays out like a noir mystery crossed with a sexy crime thriller crossed with a John Carpenter creature flick as various disturbing alien species cross paths in the shadow-world of the New York Alien Underground.

    And Cronenberg proves once again that he is the master of body horror, with the Chiodo Brothers teaming with the Creatureworks to bring Giger’s twisted psycho-sexual imagery to macabre life. Newcomer Henstridge makes a stunningly memorable debut where her natural beauty contrasts with the (at least to us humans, presumably) horrifying visage of her true alien form. And the resulting film becomes a dark and twisted masterpiece that mixes the dark visions of its many creators like a pungent gumbo of lust and fear, resulting in a twisted film that contrasts beauty with horror and attraction with revulsion.

    While unlikely to appeal to mass audiences, fans of the dark vision of Giger as represented by Alien and Isobar and fans of the twisted horror of Cronenberg will no doubt find a dark friend for life[12].

    tourist7.jpg

    This is the least creepy image that I could find for this… (Image source HRGiger.com)

    The Tourist, Rated R for graphic violence and disturbing imagery, nudity, profanity, sex, adult situations, and horror tropes; ⭐⭐⭐½



    Lost Cause Believers Beware

    A Guest Review by @Nerdman3000


    Gene Wilder makes his triumphant return to the director’s chair in this Brooksfilm and Hyperion produced comedy set during the American Civil War, in a film that will undoubtedly be viewed as equally brilliant to some as it will be deeply controversial to those who have a certain fondness for the Confederacy or subscribe to the Lost Cause myth. Starring the hilarious duo of Christopher McDonald as Confederate General Teddy Southern (whose character happens to also be a not-so-subtle parody of Columbia CEO and dabbler in Lost Cause tropes Ted Turner) and Gary Cole as Lieutenant Johnny Rebbing, the two bumbling Confederate leaders find themselves being led on a wild goose chase as they try (and repeatedly fail) to capture Underground Railroad leader Harriet Tubman[13] (played by the fabulous Whoopi Goldberg). With their attempts to capture Tubman often delving into almost Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner levels of humor, and Leslie Nelson's Union General Andrew Lincoln (“No, not that Lincoln! He’s my cousin”) hot on their trail, this honestly delightful and hilarious film is nonetheless notable for the fact that even though it is a comedy/parody, it nevertheless successfully manages to also be a deep commentary of the evils of the Confederacy and their fight for slavery, with the film ultimately serving as a giant middle finger to both the CSA and the Southern Lost Cause Myth[14]. Like Dr. Strangelove and Blazing Saddles before it, it goes to show that sometimes the best way to deal with a dark or hard topic, which in this case is racist bigots/the Confederacy, is to simply treat them as the joke they are[15].

    Our Southern Cause. Rated T for adult language, adult situations, racist language, mentions of racism, and mild comedic violence; ⭐⭐⭐⭐



    Shocking, Daring and Thought-Provoking

    A Guest Post by @Plateosaurus and Mr. Harris Syed


    Feminist actress and filmmaker Penny Marshall delivers a scathing satire of the porn industry in Kandi, the new gritty drama about the dark side of adult entertainment in the porn mecca of San Fernando Valley. This TriStar-made film does for the seedy, illicit world of pornography what Three Grand does for prostitution and corporate raiding as a brutal look into how the industry’s higher-ups mistreat their stars, male and especially female. And the star of Kandi in question is the eponymous protagonist, real name Candace Sterling (Helen Hunt[16]), a former stripper and “glamour model” who works as a porn actress under the name ‘Kandi Pops” to provide for her 12-year-old daughter Annabella (Scarlett Johansson, fresh off her recent successes in film and television)[17], a product of when she was raped and forcibly impregnated by her ex-boyfriend at age 19. Aside from her work as a porn star, Kandi frequently spends time with her drug addicted co-star Robbie Long (Glenn Plummer)[18] and her talent agent Joseph LaRocca (played by Joe Pesci), one of the nicest people in the porn industry and one who’s completely aware if not appalled at how the very people he works for, the producers and corporate executives, see their actors as little more than symbols of objectification to make money off of. But he’s powerless to do anything to help Kandi or other porn stars, that is until he and Kandi meet Los Angeles reporter Andi Ross (Jodie Foster), whose contacts within the porn industry led her to them as part of her mission to write an expose of porn, specifically the company Eve Productions.

    From the moment Andi joins the story, Kandi becomes an in-depth exploration of the rampant abuse and sexual exploitation of women and men within American society and in the wake of recent scandals involving several high-profile figures feels incredibly timely. The cast give it their all with hauntingly beautiful, pathos-filled performances from Hunt as the kindly, innocent Kandi constantly facing sexual and physical mistreatment to Johansson proving that she’s more than just the cute kid from Annie and Jumanji as the sophisticated beyond her age Annabella and Glenn Plummer as Kandi’s AIDS-affected, drug-addicted co-worker Robbie Long. Meanwhile, the grotesque unpleasantness of the porn industry is represented by Danny DeVito’s Jon Rickards, whose perverse feelings towards Kandi and the other women he’s molested reportedly inspired by the now-disgraced Ron Jeremy following his 1993 conviction for rape[19]. The score and cinematography are top notch, as is Marshall’s direction, which brings a sense of dread and fear over the horrors of the men and women forced to perform degrading acts of softcore and especially hardcore porn even if they didn’t want to[20]. And much like Three Grand, Kandi does not have a happy ending; instead, it has our protagonist and her child finally free from the clutches of the porn world but without Joseph, since his reputation has now been ruined and tells Kandi that he cannot be with her even with Andi successfully posting the expose of Eve in The Los Angeles Times.

    With its dark, bittersweet tone and willingness to tackle the ugliness within the American porn industry, Kandi is sure to become a feminist masterpiece even if people within the porn business find it to be too unflattering[21].

    KIaeZle2XZzeUPrvO9OWmwmCxETxCiYn96ZDRqMCizpWio4FGSH8XxHH8OiniYIC4f9PKjjDGeTl9zLoMChTbHF3OcgNathhgMpkdCYeQ0-GMNAU870Wf3HimhUwR90ADCoS7efiC6GAH7WaLQ
    +
    oURXz5A1ZGsWlwrDrKZqLwquXVMTqeZ2Df7z4vEXrZ3yV7MSxjXfT_I-GaSyIbUCV-S2hsRfmCmIow_gVoSL5nXEuQBBNDMV1Gilcp25_-wpKGJ9MVnIdgxlERgpa_grwZfQlmZWLyyzv9KTlg

    = this film

    Kandi, rated NC for graphic sexual content, profanity, substance use, and violence, including rape, ⭐⭐⭐⭐



    Girl vs. Slasher

    A Guest Post by @Plateosaurus


    Novelist and screenwriter Nora Ephron has been on the upswing in Hollywood recently thanks to directing and writing such critical darlings like Postcards in the Edge and Little Women[22]. Ephron is now dipping her toes into the slasher genre in the new feminist smart slasher flick My Dangerous Vacation, an Orion-distributed film described by its director as “a tale of misogyny, abuse and revenge” for women facing sexual abuse in the workplace, especially in the age of a post-Hill America, where famous figures in the entertainment industry and the government were exposed for assaulting boys and girls in high-profile legal cases. The story follows a young woman named Zora Westridge (Elizabeth Berkley)[23], a Columbia University student who is spending her summer vacation at a small town known as Riverview in upstate New York after the end of her semester with her friends, the carefree Alexandria Scott (Regina King), the book-smart Monica Blackford (Winona Ryder), the ingenue Christina Nichols (Julia Roberts) and the football jock Jake Schwartz (Josh Charles). However the town that Zora and her friends arrive in is the stomping grounds of a seemingly mysterious serial killer known only as “The Ladybird Butcher” who is stalking, raping and killing young women (his true identity is a spoiler so we won’t reveal it here)[24]. When Zora discovers that her best friend Alexandria is dead, she’s initially scared and frightened but with the help of Christina and Jake, she gradually grows into a stronger and more confident girl who won’t let the Ladybird KIller take her life. All of this culminates in a climatic showdown between Nora and the Ladybird Killer with Zora killing her stalker for good.

    My Dangerous Vacation can be best described as a cross between George A. Romero’s Final Girl and Bernard Rose’s Candyman with the blonde tough protagonist of the former and the discrimination subtext of the latter. And yet, My Bloody Vacation is able to stand on its own as a witty, subversive satire of sexual abuse and misconduct in American institutions best represented by the Ladybird Killer who is actually a teacher in Zora’s class and has used his position to rape or kill other women both on and off of campus. Berkley, who you will recognize from Good Morning, Miss Bliss as Kelly Kapowski[25], pulls in a surprisingly good performance and is able to convincingly portray a naive, shy woman becoming a determined, brave young lady who can kick ass and take down the Ladybird Killer. And speaking of the Ladybird Killer, the actor playing the character is so normal and unremarkable that wouldn’t realize that he is a woman-hating serial killer, and it absolutely works as he’s both chilling and creepy.

    But as for the rest of the supporting cast, Charles’ Jake and Ryder’s Monica are largely there to contribute to Zora’s character development with only a few distinct characteristics while King’s Alexandria and Roberts’ Christina are pretty much cannon fodder for the killer to claim as his next victims and waste the talents of their respective actresses. Much like The Texas Chain Saw Massacre, the horror of My Deadly Vacation is psychological rather than visceral and the killings are only mostly heard than shown but when they are shown, it’s not particularly pretty with bloodied, mangled corpses of women that shocked both characters and audiences alike. However, the film can rather heavy-handed in its message of fighting institutional sexism with the male characters (particularly an inner-city cop[26]) not exactly competent and falling into stereotypes concerning women being wiser than men and it’s only alleviated by the presence of Jake.

    Even still, My Deadly Vacation is a decent smart slasher that rips into the sexism within American society, historic and contemporary.[27]

    My Deadly Vacation, rated R for bloody violence, sexual content and swearing, ⭐⭐⭐



    A Brutal Epic

    Guest post by @Plateosaurus and Mr. Syed


    Dutch director Paul Verhoeven made a name for himself in Hollywood as the man behind oft-violent, sex-filled dramas and science fiction with a string of hits like Face/Off and Predator 2, to more low-key if not off-beat stuff like Death Becomes Her and Last Action Hero. However, Verhoeven is no stranger to historical epics (as in Lionheart) and now he’s tackling the historical epic again in Crusade, the star-studded $100 million anti-war epic from Orion Pictures[28]. A tale about the evils of religious fanaticism and bigotry, particularly from the Crusaders, this is a movie that has already riled plenty of controversy[29].

    The story begins in France, circa 1095 (out-of-place English accents aside) and follows a medieval serf turned peasant thief named Hagen (Arnold Schwarzenegger), who escapes death by burning his back with the shape of a cross in order to convince Pope Urban II (Charlton Heston) to allow him to participate in the crusade to retake the holy city of Jerusalem from the Muslim sultanate. Hagen is sent under the command of his traitorous, perverted half-brother Count Emmich of Bascarat (Gary Sinise), who wants him gone. So after Hagen saves a Jewish wedding party from being slaughtered and raped by the Crusaders, Emmich betrays Hagan and leaves him to be enslaved by the Muslims. Luckily for Hagen, he is freed from slavery thanks to con artist Aron Ben “Ari” Zvi (John Turturro). Our hero then meets a beautiful princess named Leila (Jennifer Connelly) and falls in love with her, soon ingratiating himself with her father Sultan Ibn Khaldun (Omar Sharif)[30].

    Hagen quickly realizes that the Muslims are not the demonic deceivers that the Pope maintained they were, and becomes incredibly disillusioned with the Crusader cause. He also wants revenge on Emmich for selling him out. Thus, he seeks out and challenges Emmerich’s best knight, the well-intentioned but naïve Godfrey of Bouillon (Robert Duvall) so he can eventually kill his half-brother in a cross-continental journey from the Holy City to his home.

    The film’s screenwriter Walon Green, co-writer of Sam Peckinpah The Wild Bunch, has described Crusade as “Spartacus meets Conan the Barbarian (1982)” and said that he set out to make a historical epic in the vein of his previous work…in other words a brutal dismantling of the very genre it belongs to. And this deconstruction absolutely shows, with the medieval Catholic Church depicted as corrupt if not blindly fanatical, with the Abbot (Robert Englund) secretly obsessed with prepubescent young boys and with the Crusaders raping and killing innocent Jews and Muslims living in Jerusalem. The violence is just as you would expect from Verhoeven: bloody and sometimes over-the-top, including the climatic scene between Hagen and Emmich (which we won’t spoil and want you to see for yourself) – and that’s not getting into the rapes or the sex scenes between Hagen and Leila. But aside from the usual Verhoeven trademarks, Crusade is a well-produced and well-choreographed historical epic with solid performances from the cast of talented performers and great battle scenes along with a very strong anti-war, anti-prejudice message. The film isn’t necessarily pretending to be historically accurate, having some anachronistic if not ahistorical fashion and equipment, or the mythical “droit de seigneur”, though the depiction of inter-religious violence is pretty accurate. In short, Crusade is pretty much the anti-El Cid, a movie that focuses on an important event involving religious conflict, but with a harsh critical view of the Church and the belief that retaking the Holy City through bloody violence is God’s will.

    Crusade proves once again that Verhoeven is one of Hollywood’s rising stars and has a bright future ahead of him, even as many Christian conservatives cry afoul for the film’s depiction of the Catholic Church and the Crusaders. It will be remembered by future generations in the annals of historical epics in the vein of Braveheart or The Ten Commandments[31].

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    Crusade, rated R for bloody violence, nudity and rape scenes, ⭐⭐⭐½



    In Brief:
    • Bullworth: Just in time for the election, Warren Beatty produces, directs, and stars in this fun and occasionally meaningful political dramedy; ⭐⭐⭐
    • Cable Guy: Director Ben Stiller brings us this psychotic relationship comedy about an obnoxious and obsessive cable technician (Chris Elliott) befriending and then stalking a client (Mathew Broderick)[32]; ⭐⭐½
    • Copycat: A dark thriller about a copycat serial killer with a memorable twist; ⭐⭐⭐
    • The Defective Detective: Terry Gilliam directs this surreal psychological drama starring Nicholas Cage as the titular detective[33], who is in the midst of a hallucinatory breakdown; ⭐⭐⭐
    • Drifters: Aleksa Palladino and Amber Tamblyn star as a pregnant teen and her little sister who run away from their foster home and hatch a plot to gain the money they need in this Miramax picture directed by Lisa Krueger[34]; ⭐⭐⭐
    • Gridlock: A traffic-obsessed urban planner and a carefree socialite find love in this indie Rom-Com distributed by Searchlight; ⭐⭐½
    • Holy Rollers!: Robert De Niro stars and directs[35] in this well-meaning, affectionate comedy about a pair of bumbling yet hard-working Catholic priests from New York going through the mundane day-to-day hassles of their jobs along with a cast of established and up-and-coming actors (mostly of Italian descent)[36], and is overall a fairly enjoyable slice of life drama; ⭐⭐⭐
    • I Spilled my Coffee: David Lynch brings us this dark and surreal rumination on the nature of existence and the casual cruelty of the universe; ⭐⭐⭐
    • Killing Mrs. Tingle: A violent black comedy[37] about students plotting the death of their teacher. Let’s just say that it’s no Heathers; ⭐½
    • Man on the Moon: Jim Carrey gives an engaging performance as comedy legend Andy Kaufman in this bizarre MGM Biopic directed by Oliver Stone; ⭐⭐⭐½
    • Savage Beasts: John Cleese, Kevin Klein, Michael Palin, and Jamie Lee Curtis return in this rather bland spiritual successor to A Fish Called Wanda; ⭐⭐
    • Shakespeare in Love: this fun and slick melodrama gives us a peek at the real life of William Shakespeare and the relationships that possibly inspired his plays; ⭐⭐⭐⭐
    • Swingers: Jon Favreau creates a cult masterpiece in this independent film about love, longing, and the underground Big Band Swing music scene; ⭐⭐⭐
    • Tales from the Crypt: From Dusk till Dawn: Written by Quentin Tarantino and directed by newcomer Robert Rodriguez, this fun story of crime and vampires is bloody brilliant, cheese and all; ⭐⭐⭐
    • Yellow Dog 2: From the Dog House to the White House: Chevy Chase returns as the literal Yellow Dog, this time running for President. Better than Buchannan, I guess; ⭐ ½




    [1] Will perform well, making $216 million worldwide against a $53 million budget and justify production of a book-accurate Moonraker.

    [2] Based upon some early ideas that Michael Piller had that led, eventually after much interference and debate, to our timeline’s Star Trek: Insurrection. Here they stick with the more comedic Heart of Darkness plot and also adopt Berman’s competing idea for an “evil twin” The Prisoner of Zenda plot for Picard that later got recycled for Nemesis, only here Riker holds the Captain’s Seat and since Tom Riker already exists, he makes the perfect lighthearted Kurtz for the role. Most fans will like it, though many will see it as an inferior and low-stakes follow-up to Point of No Return, while others vastly prefer it for being a “return” to Trek’s more philosophical roots, leading to ongoing fan debates about how and if the even-odd rule still applies or not.

    [3] In our timeline Emmerich literally came up with the idea for Independence Day on the spot when a reporter asked him about alien invasions. Total Butterfly Bait that. Instead, here he gets to bring us John Peters’ Big Ass Spider. The film will be a success, breaking $220 million, though not an ID4 level breakout blockbuster.

    [4] Whoopie Goldberg will turn down a cameo. “I think I’ve done enough spider-related things.”

    [5] One of the weird hallmarks of Devlin’s writing is that he just can’t seem to pick a good cheesy one-liner and stick with it, generally having three or four in a row, such as Quaid’s heroic sacrifice in ID4 where he was able to deliver a monologue of one-liners while making his kamikaze run, making you wonder how long it takes a Mach 2 fighter to fly a few hundred yards.

    [6] Rams helmet tip to @El Pip for this idea.

    [7] He will be an interesting allo-contrast to Cruise’s manic energy in the similar role, trading bad boy energy for adorkable likeability and Capraesque underdog determination.

    [8] Despite mixed reviews and stiff competition from Crusade and The Lost World, the eye candy, highlighted by Cameron’s eye for dynamic action, will lead the film to break $230 million and be a success.

    [9] Will make $194 million and be considered an underperformance.

    [10] It will come in #2 behind X-Men upon release, but maintain a good head of steam, breaking $280 million built upon the action, effects, and Willis and Foxx’s chemistry. McTiernan claims that it would have broken $400 million if the studio hadn’t put it directly against X-Men. Note that Malibu Comics will be bought by Dark Horse in this timeline, mostly to build up its film portfolio. Slammers will get a couple of mid-budget direct-to-video sequels in the early 2000s

    [11] Changed from Grace Ripley to avoid confusion with the Alien franchise.

    [12] Word of mouth will turn the film into a cult sleeper that will make $95 million against its $32 million budget. Like with our timeline’s Species, it will be Henstridge’s breakout role and will become memorable for its liberal mix of sex and horror tropes. Many will call it the best film based on Giger’s art. It will influence a host of new films.

    [13] The film will also provide a good rare look into Tubman’s historical role in the American Civil War, where she worked as a spy for the Union. Here she works as a foil for General Southern and Lieutenant Rebbing, who keep trying to unsuccessfully capture her because stopping her from freeing their slaves is deemed more important than fighting the Union.

    [14] One example of this frequently comes from General Southern, who often keeps accidently admitting that the Confederates are really fighting to preserve slavery, only to always then have to keep correcting himself to say they’re fighting for States rights because according to him that’s the excuse the Confederates agreed to say for why they were fighting if the South loses the War. One of the most memorable instances of this is when he is giving a speech to his men and humorously has to correct himself, “Men, as you know, we’re here to fight to keep our slaves-I mean, keep our Glorious Southern rights! Yes, that’s of course what I meant to say..."

    [15] If you want a good comparison from our timeline, look no further than the films Jojo Rabbit and Doctor Strangelove, which achieved a similar goal of parodying Nazi Germany and the Cold War respectively, and of course Blazing Saddles, all commentating on controversial topics by turning them into a joke. Unsurprisingly, Our Southern Cause will manage to piss off many modern Lost Cause believers/Confederacy sympathizers, with many movie theaters in the South (particularly Alabama and Mississippi) outright banning the film and Ted Turner in particular left raging over the film and vowing to ban any person involved in its making from ever working with Columbia in the future, with Michael Eisner having to talk him off the ledge.

    [16] Hunt appeared nude in 1992’s The Waterdance, so I imagine she’d willingly do nudity in this role “for the art”. Either way, the role will cause controversy for an actress associated with a rather clean “girl next door” image.

    [17] Aside from appearing in the Burton-directed Nocturns episode “The Ghost Children” (alongside her brother Hunter), Johansson will be doing more dramatic work to diversify her range of movies and TV series to show that she’s not just Annie Warbucks and Judy Shepherd.

    [18] You may recognize Plummer from ER and especially Showgirls. That film was already butterflied out of existence due to Verhoeven directing Face/Off and especially Judge Dredd so he will book a fairly prominent supporting role in Kandi.

    [19] In our timeline, Jeremy was only recently convicted of sexually assaulting numerous women from 1996 until 2019. With sexual abuse as a far more serious issue in this timeline’s 90s, Jeremy will be caught molesting a woman a few years early and face jail time.

    [20] The film, due to some of its (often nauseating) sex scenes and nudity, will be one of the first films to receive the new NC (No Children) rating from the MPAA, despite pushback from distributer Tri-Star, who hoped an R rating would increase profitability. After being nominated for and even winning Oscars, Kandi will actually demonstrate that an NC-rated film can be more than an exploitation piece and lead to NC being a serious rating in this timeline.

    [21] In terms of reputation, Kandi will make a modest profit at the box office ($45 million on a $22 million budget) and earn multiple Oscar nods, winning at least two (Best Score and Best Cinematography) but losing out in other categories, most notably Best Leading Actress. Within the porn industry, many (including a certain Jenna Jameson) will find it distasteful and exploitative in how it depicts them, even though it’s only the producers and higher-ups that are shown to be evil and not the stars or the agents.

    [22] Recall in the “My 5 Favorite Movies of 1994” guest post that Ephron directed Little Women which was a big hit critically and commercially. The film’s success led Ephron to do a smart slasher in a post-Hill climate.

    [23] Recall that Verhoeven directed both Face/Off and Judge Dredd, which effectively butterflied Showgirls out of existence. Therefore, Berkley’s acting career isn’t derailed and she stars in a movie that isn’t as critically panned or financially unsuccessful.

    [24] The Ladybird Killer’s true name is William “Bill” Croadale (a reference to convicted sexual abuser Bill Cosby) and he’s played by Tom Hanks, a mostly clean-cut good guy actor Playing Against Type.

    [25] Recall in the No Worries/Clueless post “As If!” that Peter Engel’s Saved by the Bell became Sam Bobrick’s Good Morning, Miss Bliss due to Disney preferring to focus on its own original programs for the Disney Channel and the different management. To expand a bit on the brief mention of that show, Berkley starred as Kelly instead of Tiffani Amber-Thiessen and thus Jessie Spano is replaced by a different character named Jenny Walford as the feminist character.

    [26] The cop in question is played by a pre-fame Michael K. Williams in a small role before he’s murdered by the Ladybird Killer.

    [27] The film will be something of a surprise hit grossing $67 million on a $26 million budget and Berkley will be praised for her performance that it becomes her Star-Making Role on the silver screen which will give her more opportunities beyond Good Morning, Miss Bliss.

    [28] Recall in the Action Movies of ‘95 post that the infamous box office bomb Cutthroat Island doesn’t exist in this timeline and thus Orion agrees to distribute Crusade.

    [29] In terms of overall reception and legacy, Crusade is like our timeline’s Starship Troopers in denouncing the demonization of the other and warmongering just with a historical setting.

    [30] Without the disaster of The 13th Warrior, Sharif won’t temporarily retire from acting.

    [31] The film will make a nice profit at the box office grossing $367 million on a $100 million budget, more than his last two films Face/Off and Judge Dredd, partially because of the cast, Verhoeven’s popularity, and the subsequent controversy. And speaking of controversy, the film is on the level of The Last Temptation of Christ in that it faces boycotts from Christian organizations and even death threats to Verhoeven or his collaborators over its handling of religion. Lastly, Verhoeven won’t be soured by the failures of Showgirls and Hollow Man into leaving Hollywood and going back to Europe. Instead, his hot streak of success in the 1990s will make him an in-demand director.

    [32] Will perform well and make a good profit since they won’t have to pay Carrey $20 million to star, which nearly doubled the budget in our timeline. Elliott’s subtler “creepy Van killer” vibe (per Siskel) will stand out compared to Carrey’s scenery devouring performance. The success will keep Stiller’s directorial career going.

    [33] Will perform well built upon Cage at his most Cagey being cast into Gilliam’s magically insane visuals. Note that 12 Monkeys was not produced per our timeline since Robert Kosberg has other things on his plate rather than remaking 30-year-old French films.

    [34] Very similar to our timeline’s Manny & Lo. Scarlett Johansen is, of course, busy doing other things so Amber Tamblyn get her break.

    [35] The film has a budget of $30 million and will make around $65.7 million at the box office. To elaborate on what happened to A Bronx Tale, Columbia picked up the distribution rights thanks to Dawn Steel ensuring Chazz Palminteri that he would the screenwriter and actor for the role of Sonny. It does better at the box office enough for De Niro to actually direct another movie. De Niro’s character is named Louis Castellano for those wondering.

    [36] The rest of the principal cast includes Joe Pesci as Paul Alito, Lorraine Bracco as Doris Alito, Leonardo DiCaprio as Michael Castellano, Christina Ricci as Annalisa Alito, Marisa Tomei as Dorothy Castellano (nee Rustichelli), Frank Vincent as Lucas Sachetti and Harvey Keitel as Randy Rubenstein. There are also actors from different ethnic backgrounds in supporting roles such as Rosie Perez and Ving Rhames as Louis and Paul’s neighbors Felicia Garza and Roger Mallard.

    [37] The first screenplay by Kevin Williamson, which ended up in Production Hell until 1999 in our timeline (getting renamed Teaching Mrs. Tingle after the Columbine Massacre). It was finally greenlit after his script Scary Movie, renamed Scream, became a breakout hit in 1996. Scream was based on the Gainesville Ripper, who in this timeline is jailed for murdering his father in the late 1980s. Without Scream there will be no 1997 I Know What you Did Last Summer, which Williamson was hired to adapt after the success of Scream. The success of both led to his series Dawson’s Creek, which is also butterflied. The 1990s Slasher Renaissance will follow a different path in this timeline.
     
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    "Watch the Disaster Unfold..."
  • MGM’s Impending Road to Ruin: A Front Row Seat
    By Jenna Cyss and Sue Susudio for Entertainment Weekly, 2nd June 1996 Edition


    Hollywood – “Yea, Disney is screwed,” said WB President John Peters, whose Arachnophobia, directed by Roland Emmerich, recently debuted at #1. “They’re well past $80 mill [in costs] at this point and our projections say that they’ll be lucky to make back $60 [million]. [Jim] Henson’s lost the touch.”

    He was discussing the upcoming MGM musical The Road to Ruin, directed by Francis Ford Coppola and produced by Mel Brooks, which has gone wildly – many would say predictably – overbudget and which has “the stink of failure” on it already. Peters’ sentiments were matched pretty uniformly across the board by the Hollywood insiders we spoke to, with comparisons to Coppola’s One from the Heart and Henson’s Toys both frequently made. We’d interviewed Peters along with many other industry insiders, even MGM Vice Chair Bernie Brillstein, who assured us that there’s nothing to worry about. But while a handful of Hollywood Watchers are sanguine about the film’s potential, citing positive reactions to some of the circulating clips, most are of the same opinion as Peters and predicting a flop.

    “Yea, it’s definitely Toys meets [One From the] Heart,” said Columbia’s Michael Eisner. “You have an anal-retentive director paired with a sentimental dreamer as an executive producer. And [producer Mel] Brooks has been past his prime for decades. They couldn’t have chosen a more appropriate title. Nomen est Omen, as they say.”

    And the film’s name, which has been cited for its ironic resonance with the predicted disaster, has also been frequently commented upon, with scholars of the theory of Nominative Determinism already citing it in their work. “The parallels to Toys here are profound,” said John Hoyland of New Scientist. “You even have the same star in Robin Williams. Toys was a perfectly good film, but the stink of disaster steered audiences away. It never had a chance. And the name [The Road to Ruin] practically invites audiences to assume the worst. Even if MGM makes the greatest picture in the world, the negative publicity and nominative associations are certain to sink it.”

    The negativity can even be felt on the MGM and Disney boards, where rumors circulate of infighting and attempts to kill the film. Pushing back the release date to August from its original May time slot seems to confirm that the studio has lowered their expectations for it. “That’s a real sign of low confidence,” noted one analyst. Rival studios have even moved films that they have less than high confidence for up against it, predicting an “easy win”.

    “None of us saw much hope for Killing Mrs. Tingle,” said 20th Century’s Sid Ganis. “But going up against Ruin? Easy money.”

    Furthermore, crews working on such MGM tentpole films as Spider-Man 3, X-Men, The Lost World, and even the Disney Animated features have reported a level of pressure from above to “make up for the loss” that The Road to Ruin is supposed to bring. “MGM is building a bomb shelter,” said Universal’s Jeffrey Katzenberg.

    And strangest of all, Buena Vista’s marketing machine has leaned into the negativity, running ads and hosting interviews that specifically call out the impending disaster, with movie posters emblazoned with such subtitles as “Doomed to Fail” and “Watch the Disaster Unfold”. Robin Williams has told viewers on Letterman and Leno to “Come see the film, because it may be my last!” And while his cocky smirk implies that he’s quite sanguine about the film’s chances, it’s an odd admission none the less.

    “It’s either a brilliant marketing strategy that defangs the negative press, or a terrible one that just puts more focus on it,” said one marketing exec. “Either way, it has definitely succeeded in getting people to talk about the film, which may be the point.”

    So, what are The Road to Ruin’s chances? Is it truly doomed to fail, or will this “reverse psychology marketing” strategy, reportedly initiated by Mel Brooks, actually put butts in seats? We asked Triad executive Warren Littlefield… Cont’d on Pg. 22.





    [Trailer Starts]

    The MGM Logo appears. The iconic Lion, rather than roar, whimpers dejectedly and covers its eyes with its paws.

    Ext – New York City – Day
    Montage of sunset over New York in fast-motion, the streets of New York, Times Square, and the lights of Broadway. The opening lines of Orff’s “Oh Fortuna” plays in the background.

    {“Oh, Fortuna…!”}

    Don LaFontaine (V.O.)
    Once in a generation an idea comes along…​

    {“…Velut Luna…”}

    Cuts to stock clips of the Titanic, the Hindenburg, the Ford Edsel, and New Coke.

    Don LaFontaine (V.O.)
    …that is so big, so bold, so original, and so risky…​

    {“… Statu variabilis!”}

    Hindenburg_disaster.jpg


    Clip of the Hindenburg bursting into flames and crashing.

    Don LaFontaine (V.O.)
    …that when it implodes, it takes the whole studio with it. This may be that film…​

    [Cut to black…three seconds of ominous cello music, then a voiceover]

    Text quotes appear on the screen during the silent black-out, one after another:

    “A surefire disaster.” – Variety

    “What is MGM thinking?” – Entertainment Weekly

    “It’s probably not the time to invest in Disney.” – The Wall Street Journal

    Sydney Devereaux (V.O.)
    And-a One, and-a Two, and-a One, Two, Three, Four…!​

    [Cut to]

    {Three fast, melodious clarinet riffs play, one for each of three cut-scenes}

    Int – Theater – Orchestra Pit (Cut Scene One)
    A CLARINET PLAYER wails hot jazz riffs amid the bright stage lights.

    Int – Theater – Foyer – Day (Cut Scene Two)
    TARIQ BROWN (Wayne Brady) walks in, carrying a piece of paper, looking around.

    Int – Theater – Audience (Cut Scene Three)
    A bored looking audience. A scowling MAN tosses his Playbill on the floor as he gets up to walk out.

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Stage
    A CHORUS LINE of SHOWGIRLS dance and sing on a brightly lit stage.

    Showgirls
    (singing) We’re on the road!​

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Office
    SYDNEY DEVEREAUX (Robin Williams) sits across from his accountant SHLOMO (Harvey Firestein). Financial papers are strewn across the small table.

    Shlomo
    If you don’t make a hit soon, you’re bankrupt, Syd!​

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Stage

    Showgirls
    (singing) Oh, yes, we’re on the road!​

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Backstage
    SYDNEY, dressed in a silver lamé leotard with a pink cut-off sweater and matching leg warmers silently leads a group of similarly flamboyantly dressed male dancers in a choreographed dance. Their mannerisms are overtly effeminate.

    Tariq (V.O.)
    Wait, you’re my pop?! How is that even possible?!​

    [Cut to]

    7d29184193b045265390d0fe7d104996.jpg

    (Image source Vesna Sokolić on Pinterest)

    Int – Theater – Office
    SYDNEY sits across from TARIQ at a table. Both have coffee.

    Sydney
    No offense to your lovely mother, but I was thinking of Kareem Abdul Jabbar.​

    TARIQ sighs and rolls his eyes.

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Stage

    Showgirls
    (singing) Oh yes, we’re on…the…road…a-gaaain!!​

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Backstage
    SYDNEY and TARIQ are at a piano.

    Tariq
    So, we’re just flat ripping off Willie Nelson now.​

    actor-wayne-brady-visits-younghollywoodstudiocom-at-the-young-studio-picture-id126035035

    (Image source: Getty)

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Audience
    The camera pans past an audience full of Country Folk and Cowboys in camo and cowboy hats.

    Sydney (V.O.)
    Oh, who’s gonna’ notice?​

    {Chorus medleys into another song, music only, no lyrics}

    Ext – Highway – Night
    A tour bus rolls down the dark highway. Superimposed title cards of various city names, surrounded by rings of Broadway-style flashing lights, zoom past to imply a tour of the cities: “Newark”, “Fresno”, “Jackson Hole”.

    Sydney (V.O.)
    We could do a touring show together! As father and son!

    Tariq (V.O.)
    That’s a terrible idea.​

    [Cut to]

    004-sugar-blue-showgirls-smaller.jpg

    (Image source Sugar Blue Burlesque)

    Montage
    A series of clips of various scenes from the film play, mostly of the spectacular choreography (the amazing dance routines, the Busby Berkely numbers, the bright colors) or the slapstick and pratfall moments (sets crashing, dancers stumbling, foreheads getting slapped).

    Don LaFontaine (V.O.)
    From the studio that brought you Toys, the producer who brought you Solarbabies, and the director who brought you One From the Heart…​

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Backstage
    SYDNEY and Tariq, both wearing top hats and holding canes, soft-shoe and sing.

    Tariq
    (sings and tap-dances) Oh, unless there’s a way to make bread from a flop/Then I guess that you’re really screwed there, pop!

    Don LaFontaine (V.O.)
    …comes a film so over-budget and epically disastrous that even James Cameron wouldn’t dare touch it…​

    [Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Stage
    The SHOWGIRLS are lifted up on a telescoping, spinning platform straight out of an old Busby Berkley number.

    Showgirls
    (sing) We’re on…the…Road…to…Ruuuiiiiiiiinnnn!​

    A giant, flashy, gaudy Old Hollywood Title Card for “The Road to Ruin” superimposes on the screen as the beat of a timpani drum drones in the background.

    Don LaFontaine (V.O.)
    The Road to Ruin. Watch the disaster unfold this August 9th, in theaters everywhere……for some reason.​

    [Music ends abruptly; Cut to]

    Int – Theater – Empty Stage
    SYDNEY and TARIQ look out in silent horror on the disheveled, warped stage and threadbare seats of the cut-rate theater.

    Sydney
    Come on…how bad can it be?​

    [Trailer Ends abruptly on a lone clarinet chord]
     
    Doomed to Fail
  • Chapter 14, In the Swing of Things (Cont’d)
    Excerpt from Where Did I Go Right? (or: You’re No One in Hollywood Unless Someone Wants You Dead), by Bernie Brillstein (with Cheryl Henson)


    So, by the time principal photography was complete on The Road to Ruin, a title that seemed more appropriate every day, Coppola’s perfectionist tendencies and utter disregard for budgets had driven costs north of $82 million. The dailies looked great and test audiences were overwhelmingly positive, laughing manically the whole time, but the trade mags were universally predicting a disaster of One From the Heart level proportions and Disney stocks were trading lower in anticipation of a massive loss.

    Letterman, apparently still annoyed with the merger, was calling it “Henson’s Folly Two: One More From the Heart” and comparisons to Toys, a film which by this point was being reappraised, I might add, were ubiquitous. It was just like what those bastards did to Toys, and already the well seemed poisoned.

    We warned the board, pushed it to August, and prepared to write off the whole $82 mill. Other studios moved their expected middle-performers up against us, figuring there’d be no competition from MGM that weekend. But we weren’t going down without a fight and we assigned a serious marketing budget hoping that if we could yell louder than the nay-sayers that we could get a good opening and let word of mouth do the rest.

    And then Mel [Brooks] had a revelation: lean in to the negativity. “Reverse Psychology Marketing,” he dubbed it. “Be a Part of the Disaster!!”

    “Mel, I’m not sure what side of the genius/madness divide that you’re on at the moment,” I told him, “But at this point, what do we have to lose?”

    “Eighty-two mil and our careers and reputation?”

    “Yea, hardly anything worth a shit. Let’s do it.”

    And do it we did.

    “From the studio that brought you Toys.”

    “They said it could never work…were they right?”

    “Over budget, undervalued, and lovin’ every minute!”

    “Watch the Catastrophe happen in real time!”

    We had a trailer that showed the Hindenburg exploding and openly quoted the nay-sayers in the trade press. We added the phrase “Doomed to Fail” in bloody red font to the posters. We hit every morning and late show with Robin and Wayne and let them crack up the hosts and audience. They openly played with the sense of impending doom with as much comedic irony as they could, even as we wowed them with the hilarious scenes and fantastic spectacle in clips.

    “My career may never recover, so you’d better come see me while you still can!” became Robin’s go-to tongue-firmly-in-cheek phrase for interviews.

    It was brilliant and that target demographic of 16-40 was salivating for the chance to say they were there when Ruin crashed and burned…or didn’t.

    We went from the laughing stock of Hollywood to the talk of the town.

    They lined up around the block. Some people wore costumes! We opened at Number One. And we stayed there.

    People went in to see a disaster and instead they saw what we always knew: that Robin Williams and Wayne Brady were the comedy duo for the New Millennium. Alan and Savion’s choreography when combined with Coppola’s direction and Deakins’ cinematography were breathtaking. Some loved it with sincerity, some loved it with irony, but they laughed when they were supposed to, sang along with the songs, and applauded when it was done.

    Anticipation of disaster put butts in seats, and good old-fashioned word of mouth kept them there.

    Critics heaped praise. Ebert said, “Icarus touches the sun and soars on to the stars in this magnificent, hilarious, and borderline self-aware visual and audio feast. Not since the golden days of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers has a musical proven so joyous, so immersive, and so much fun.”

    “Our Bad,” ran the headline in Variety when we broke $150 mil domestically. We’d end up making over $550 mil globally. People the world over saw it again and again.

    Wayne was blasted into stardom, suddenly the A-list talent that I knew that he could be. We immediately started looking into his next big feature, either with Robin or on his own. Savion Glover, who’d been in the film for all of 3 minutes as the dancer who schools Tariq in a dance-off, was suddenly being asked to cameo in every music video and making appearances on every variety show. His career, already well established, was sent into overdrive. We immediately put his Bring in 'Da Noise, Bring in 'Da Funk into production in partnership with 40 Acres and a Mule.


    And the Disney board, who’d been hyper critical of the film, and of Jim for pursuing it, suddenly were singing his praises. But Jim gave the credit, as always, to Mel, Tom, Frank, Robin, Wayne, me, and the rest of the crew who made it. “I just had the basic idea,” he told them. “They made it happen.”

    But Jim’s modesty aside, the truth was that he was right: the world was ready for a Big Musical again.

    It just needed a little tweak to make it fit the zeitgeist.





    And yes, I went with the Smash Success option, as many of you predicted (yes, you're all so amazingly clever, understanding ironic foreshadowing and all; please don't SPAM the thread with "Called it" posts :winkytongue: ). The Big Bomb option after the buildup was already done with Toys and yea, having it be a mediocre underperformance would have been a great compromise option in that it would have pissed everyone off equally, but that wasn't really considered.

    But the success/fail result wasn't really the point. It was the journey, not the destination. How the company was reacting to the "impending doom" and how it was affecting things behind the scenes that was important. The fact that Jim is taking big risks still rather than "play it safe". Leading the zeitgeist, not reacting to it. That's the big takeaway here, not Robin Williams + Wayne Brady = Win, because duh there.

    So sorry for "stringing it out", but as I said, it was never really about whether a Big Musical could work in the 1990s, but about the fact that Jim thought that it could against all common wisdom, that the board, despite its reservations, let him do it, and the creative ways in which Bernie and Mel made it actually work.

    So, glad folks liked the "reverse psychology marketing". It was fun to create.
     
    In the News...
  • The Quiet Productivity of the 104th Congress
    Newsweek, August 26th, 1996


    A Guest Post by @jpj1421

    President Gore is looking to become the first incumbent Democrat to be elected to another term since Lyndon Johnson in 1964 and that requires a well-run and effective campaign strategy. Successful campaigns tend to define the contrasts between candidates in parties in such a way as to wring out the maximum electoral advantage. When it looked in the winter of 1995 as though the Republicans would be nominating Senator Dole, it seemed like the contrast may be difficult. Two stolid, some would say boring, figures from Washington looking for the right wedge issues to make a difference. In this light, the White House made efforts to try and shake up the narrative and have the President and Vice President Tsongas on late night tv to show how relatable they could be. But when Dole flamed out and the race descended to one between Buchanan and Gingrich, that potential strategy was clearly untenable.

    Whatever else could be said of Gingrich and Buchanan they are interesting…one could even say entertaining. So instead, Gore’s principal tactic became drawing the biggest possible contrast to either populist demagogue and to this end Gore has leaned into his natural tendencies towards quietly productive wonkishness. “Boring” has been rebranded as “productive and dependable” while the message is that the opposition has gone mad. If the Republicans are going to pick fights with Hollywood, including Disney, then the Gore administration will just be going about the work of the people. This of course involves navigating the incredibly narrow Congress to get legislation passed. In the spring and summer, when not campaigning, Gore thus held regular meetings with the Vice President (until his hospitalization) and Congressional leaders to see what could be accomplished by the end of his term.

    In those early days of 1996 when the rebranding strategy was first in the works, the first big push was the Telecommunications Act, seeking to regulate the broadcasting industry while addressing the internet for the first time in federal legislation. Since this was legislation that was set to dramatically change media regulations, this gave the White House its excuse, beyond running for re-election, to make those TV appearances and pitch to middle America. This legislation was for the most part fairly uncontroversial in Washington, but there was one big point of controversy over FCC preemption[1] where the FCC could step into disputes between telecommunication companies and ‘preempt’ state and local laws in their decisions. This was hated by the Governors Association, for obvious reasons, but the coalition of liberals who didn’t want some future Republican FCC to undercut stricter laws in Democratic states and conservatives who didn’t want Gore’s FCC applying unwanted regulation in Republican states weren’t able to actually remove preemption from the final legislation. Despite this hiccup, and with some phone calls from media companies that wanted to see it pass, Congress would pass the final bill easily and signed by the President in February.

    As the Republican primary voters made their decision to go all in on right wing populism, the White House started to find Congressional Republicans, especially in the House, reluctant to meet or endorse legislation they had ostensibly supported; no one wants to get called out by Gingrich or Buchanan. This means that on close legislation, Reform votes are even more important for any bill to pass. So in the lead up to the summer, and the conventions, a series of governmental reform measures favored by the Reform Party were passed in the House and sent on to the Senate. Lobbying Disclosure[2] and the Line-Item Veto Act were passed without controversy[3]. Reform Leader John Michael would be the House sponsor for Senators McCain and Feingold’s campaign finance reform legislation, which would pass easily in the House, but fail to gain traction in the Senate. To build bridges with the Reform members, Speaker Gephardt would agree to create a subcommittee on Elections[4], with the ability to call hearings and issue subpoenas, consisting of 3 Democrats, 1 Republican and 1 Reform member; Republicans were annoyed at being given the same number of slots as Reform, while Reform was happy to get some attention on the America’s more archaic election systems. There was also the matter of welfare reform, a campaign plank from Gore’s 1992 platform that had been continually placed on the back burner, but which became the key legislative priority before the fall.

    While the Elections subcommittee, Chaired by Louisiana’s William Jefferson, had public hearings on whether the Electoral College was outdated and if there were measures that should be taken to better make the voice of the people heard, meetings are being held behind closed doors to drastically reform the welfare system. Early conversations had stalled earlier in the year when Vice President Tsongas’ decline in health resulted in long stays at Walter Reed, followed by the Republicans pulling out of the talks after Dole’s withdrawal from the campaign. President Gore would instead rely on Gephardt to hammer out with Reform a package that could pass the House as a messaging bill at least if Senate Republicans were going to hold up passage. The legislative package was intended to push people off of welfare and into work, while broadly keeping in place the safety net during that transition. What came out of the House is the Welfare Reform Act, which ends welfare as an entitlement, but will instead provide block grants to states for temporary assistance for families with the intention to help the needy while pushing people to leave welfare in order to seek employment[5]. All of this was fairly bipartisan, though as Republicans backed out of talks after a lot of the cuts that they wanted to the budget were excised. Despite this, a number of Republicans in swing districts joined on in the vote as it went onto the Senate. Which is when Bob Dole stepped in, or perhaps more accurately stepped aside.

    For all of the disappointment in once again being denied a chance at the Presidency, Dole had wanted this sort of welfare reform to be implemented back in the Reagan years. Dole would call President Gore and offer to personally vote for the legislation if there was increased funding for policing fraud as well as expanding efforts to keep welfare from going to immigrants. The White House was fine on expanding sections on keeping welfare out of the hands of illegal immigrants[6], but wasn’t going to take away support for legally recognized immigrants[7]. Dole conceded the ground and announced that he would be proposing amendments based on the discussions with the White House and if passed would encourage other Republicans to back the legislation. Republicans, the Reform members, as well as the more conservative Democrats agreed to the amendments paving way for 29 Republicans[8] to vote Aye and cancel out the 23 Democrats[9] who voted Nay and thus cleared the 60-vote threshold with 62 votes. On the insistence of the White House, Speaker Gephardt put up the Senate version for a vote (losing a handful of Democrats and gaining a handful of Republicans) with passage giving President Gore one final legislative win before the Convention.

    After the fireworks at the Republican and Reform Convention, this sort of stolid and persistent work over the last few weeks is seen by those in the White House as the perfect illustration as to why the American people should stick with President Gore. While polling is still inconclusive on the effects of this strategy, the White House feels more in their element these days. And the upcoming Convention should not be without some mystery of its own as at the time of writing, the White House has hinted that those notable figures meeting with President Gore and Vice President Tsongas’s room at Walter Reed were vetting a replacement for the ailing Vice President, but has remained tight lipped about the choice. As one White House official said in background, “We wouldn’t want to get in the way of the American people seeing the other guys’ circus by announcing our own news.”

    Whatever may transpire on election day, the campaign battlegrounds are being set now.



    * * *​

    Border Patrol Seizes Military Weapons
    San Antonio Express, July 6th, 1996


    Del Rio – US Customs and Border Patrol disrupted a massive arms-smuggling attempt on the Texas border yesterday. Acting on intelligence reports, the agents were able to catch the smugglers in the act, capturing over 200 weapons, including AK-47 Assault Rifles, Rocket Propelled Grenades, and even 9K38 “Grouse” man-portable air defense missiles, which can be used to shoot down aircraft. The smugglers are believed to be members of Mexican drug gangs and the Sword of Liberty domestic terrorist organization is believed to be the intended recipient. “It is impossible to know whether this was the only shipment,” said a Special Agent, “But every American should rest easier knowing that this cache was intercepted. Still, we recommend that Americans stay vigilant.”



    Four Dead following Twin Rocket Attacks in Washington

    Rocket attack at IRS Headquarters Kills one, damages building

    Rocket attack of Presidential Helicopter thwarted by sniper

    All three attackers killed by responding agents, officers

    Washington Post, August 3rd, 1996


    Twin terror attacks occurred this morning in Washington DC. First, a man armed with a “Grouse” shoulder fired antiaircraft missile system was killed by Secret Service on the Ellipse as Marine Corps One came in for landing at 9:38 AM. The attacker was fatally shot by a rooftop sniper as he tried to bring the weapon to bear. The President and First Lady landed safely at the White House and were removed to an undisclosed location. The President released a statement thanking the Secret Service for their “quick and decisive action” in thwarting the attack and saving the President’s life[10].

    In a second attack at 9:53 AM, a work van stopped on the side of Constitution Ave and a man opened a side door and fired a rocket propelled grenade at the entrance to the IRS Building. The grenade impacted near the door, killing an employee on the way inside and damaging the building’s concrete façade. The attacker was ejected from the vehicle by the back-blast from the weapon[11] and quickly engaged by security, who killed the dazed attacker in self-defense when he drew a pistol. The driver fled the scene, but was quickly surrounded by responding police and killed in an ensuing firefight that also injured a DCPD officer.

    No one has claimed responsibility for the incident, but speculation that the Sword of Liberty was involved runs high.

    The attacks appear to have been part of a coordinated twin-attack and the weapons used are of the same type seized at the border earlier this year when US Customs… Cont’d on A2.



    Brzezinski, Nemtsov, Dehaene announce Energy and Trade Partnership
    The Times of London, June 14th, 1996


    Warsaw – US Secretary of State Zbigniew Brzezinski, USR Prime Minister Boris Nemtsov, and European Commission President Jean-Luc Dehaene today announced a deal for closer economic and energy ties, along with Polish President Aleksander Kwaśniewski and other Eastern European representatives. The multilateral deal will establish trade relations and electrical power and resource standards between the United States, European Union, Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), and USR, setting allowable tariff rates, establishing arbitration methods, and linking industrial standards where possible.

    The deal, which was spearheaded by a joint Senate plan devised by Arizona Senator John McCain and Main Senator Angus King, reportedly in partnership with the Gore Administration, will create closer fiscal and energy ties between the former Soviet Bloc countries and the west while still maintaining separation. The deal will establish additional pipelines for USR petroleum and natural gas as well as invest in developing renewable energy in the former Warsaw Pact nations. The deal marks an interesting shift in USR trade relations, and aligns to efforts by Nemtsov to establish the USR as a “middle partner” in trans-Asian trade, particularly between the growing China and Europe. It also marks an aggressive push by the USR to stay “economically and diplomatically relevant” in Europe, with fears in Russia of an expanding European Union potentially “locking out” Russian domestic products.

    US Republican Presidential candidate Newt Gingrich lambasted the plan, calling it a “sell out” to the Russians and instead called on an immediate expansion of NATO. Fellow Republican John McCain countered that the deal “defangs” the threat of the USR, who remains a militarily significant nuclear-armed power even as it struggles economically, and noted that a collapse of the USR could lead to “dangerous destabilization and the possible loss of nuclear weapons to non-state actors”. A member of the Georgetown University Center for Strategic and International Studies, speaking anonymously, called it a “keep your enemies closer” strategy in reference to the expression from the 1972 movie The Godfather, “Keep your friends close and your enemies closer.”

    The bill comes on the heels of a deal to further reduce the strategic nuclear stockpile and continue the drawdown of USR and NATO forces on the Continent. The nuclear deal, however, has already cased a small firestorm within the USR itself as the Russian-dominated government announced plans to reduce nuclear stockpiles primarily within the Sovereign States of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and The Ukraine, all nominally done to “pull back” the deadly weapons from their borderlands. Yet these moves are opposed by all three states, whom analysts believe count on the presence of the nuclear arms as an internal bargaining chip in the ongoing interstate disputes. “It is inherently in the best interests of the three States to maintain these weapons as a hedge against Moscow,” said the same source.

    Nemtsov, whose Duma coalition relies in a large part on the Ukrainian People’s Party and other regionalist and internationalist parties, is in a particularly tight spot here, pulled between the twin poles of Russian nationalism and west-leaning internationalism. And recent gains by the left-centre Yabloko and the nationalist Russian People’s Party in regional elections, reportedly caused by sinking faith in the leadership of President Boris Yeltsin, who has reported health issues[12], indicates that the deal may be, for Nemtsov, a way of having his cake and eating it too, satisfying Russian pride and liberal internationalism in a single deal.

    The deal highlights the continued “Eastern Question” that has defined the ongoing post-Soviet era, as Eastern European countries with a history of struggling under Russian domination try to align themselves with the West and the primarily Russian USR pushes to retain influence in the region. CEFTA, for example, is seen by many Eastern Watchers as the beginnings of either an attempt to join the EU or an attempt to spin up a military alliance, ostensibly to counter the USR, with particularly vulnerable member states like the Baltic States anxious to take a stronger defensive position, ideally one that comes with security guarantees from NATO and the UN.

    While the long-term ramifications of the new deal, which still has to pass its nations’ respective legislatures, remains uncertain, Europe watchers are already keeping a close eye on it as the knife’s edge in a careful game of balance between former nuclear-armed belligerents.





    [1] This is largely the same as in our timeline, as the shift in Congress wasn’t enough to justify to actually axe the preemption from the bill.

    [2] This was passed a few months earlier in our timeline, but differing political priorities pushed it back in this one.

    [3] Per our timeline, the Line-Item Veto will eventually be ruled unconstitutional.

    [4] This would happen in the 110th Congress, elected after the 2006 elections.

    [5] In our timeline President Clinton vetoed the Republican welfare reform measures twice, not because they restructured welfare, Clinton had campaigned on “ending welfare as we know it” even in 1992, but because he didn’t like $60 billion in budget cuts that he felt hurt needy people. This Congress doesn’t put in those cuts even while reforming the welfare system. The law will end up looking more or less like H.R. 4, The ‘‘Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1995’’.

    [6] Note that “undocumented immigrant” is the preferred modern term and the term used in the text is largely considered dehumanizing today.

    [7] By contrast, our timeline’s welfare reform denied “qualified” immigrants from receiving welfare for five years.

    [8] Richard Shelby (R-AL), Ted Stevens (R-AK), Frank Murkowski (R-AK), John McCain (R-AZ), Pete Wilson (R-CA), Hank Brown (R-CO), William Roth (R-DE), Jeb Bush (R-FL), Guy Millner (R-GA), Paul Coverdall (R-GA), Richard Lugar (R-IN), Dan Coats (R-IN), Chuck Grassley (R-IA), Nancy Kassebaum (R-KS), Bob Dole (R-KS), William Cohen (R-ME), Bob Smith (R-NH), Judd Gregg (R-NH), Pete Domenici (R-NM), Mike DeWine (R-OH), Mark Hatfield (R-OR), Arlen Specter (R-PA), John Heinz (R-PA), Strom Thurmond (R-SC), Larry Pressler (R-SD), Orrin Hatch (R-UT), John Warner (R-VA), Alan Simpson (R-WY)

    [9] Our timeline’s Democrats who voted against Welfare Reform and also this timeline’s Democratic Senators Geraldine Ferraro (D-NY), John Melcher (D-MT), Linda Kushner (D-RI), Norm Rice (D-WA), Les AuCoin (D-OR).

    [10] Gore was not in any real danger here, as Marine One was (one presumes) installed with jamming systems and other countermeasures for exactly this reason.

    [11] Never fire a tube weapon in a confined space, kids.

    [12] Read: severe alcoholism.
     
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    Election '96 Live Coverage!
  • Gingrich, Ashcroft Accept GOP Nomination for 1996 Presidential Campaign
    Washington Post, August 16th, 1996


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    San Diego – Former US Representative and Minority Whip Newt Gingrich of Georgia and Senator John Ashcroft of Missouri were officially declared the Republican Presidential and Vice-Presidential candidates for the 1996 election. The two will face off against President Al Gore and whomever is to replace the ailing Paul Tsongas as the Democratic Vice Presidential candidate. Gingrich, a Dark Horse candidate whom the GOP establishment rallied around in opposition to once front runner Pat Buchanan of Virginia, is considered to be a strongly conservative candidate with a long history within the GOP. Thus it is hoped that Gingrich will be able to unite the GOP’s fiscally and socially conservative wings and drive a large turnout, with some polls suggesting that he could squeak by Gore in the coming three-way battle with Ross Perot.

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    Senator Ashcroft, meanwhile, has been a rising star in the GOP, recently elected to the Senate for Missouri. Ashcroft, who has strong conservative credentials, is hoped to appeal to midwestern swing voters and with luck flip the swing state of Missouri back to the GOP. “John is a good conservative and a good Republican,” said Gingrich during his acceptance speech… Cont’d on A2.



    Drama Disrupts Reform Party Convention

    Perot Overcomes Pat Buchanan “Coup Attempt” to claim Reform Party nomination

    Governor Dick Lamm of Colorado Selected for VP

    Washington Post, August 18th, 1996


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    Kansas City – In what should have been a routine “crowning ceremony”, Texas billionaire and Reform Party founder H. Ross Perot and his supporters managed to fend off an attempted takeover of the party ticket by GOP Firebrand Pat Buchanan and secure Perot the Reform Party nomination for President of the United States. In a moment of high political drama, the former GOP Presidential front runner and a circle of supporters attempted to “seize control” of the Reform Convention in what Perot has likened to an “orchestrated coup”.

    “Pat and his boys just moseyed on in and tried to vote him in over Ross,” one witness noted. “It was the damnedest thing I ever saw.”

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    Koo Koo Koup

    Buoyed by the emergent third party’s Nativist wing, Buchanan’s move is seen as an attempt to put Buchanan, a right-wing favorite, back into the running for the presidency following his “backstabbing” by Gingrich and the GOP in the Republican Primaries.

    Perot, who’d been the presumptive nominee and ran essentially unopposed, was caught off guard by the move, nearly getting locked out of the convention hall by Buchanan operatives. However, swift action by the party’s moderate wing, namely a timely intervention by Maine’s Angus King, staved off the attempted usurpation of the Reform nomination, allowing for pro-Perot forces to rally and put him back on the ballot. The same faction selected former Colorado Governor Richard “Dick” Lamm for the Vice Presidential spot. A former Democrat and part of the “inbetweeners” as the moderate wing is sometimes known (since they generally fall “in between” the two main parties in their beliefs), while also amenable to the “Frontier Populist” wing, Lamm is hoped to shore up centrist support, indicating that Perot is attempting to “run up the middle” with a wide coalition of populists and moderates.

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    (Image by @FriendlyGhost)

    An irate Buchanan was escorted out by security, vowing revenge against “all of the Judases, be they Republican or Reform!” and has not ruled out a run as an Independent, though there is insufficient time to get his name on most state ballots, limiting his potential as a spoiler.

    With the drama subsiding amidst a mass exodus of Nativist delegates, a still-flustered Perot laid out his campaign goals, from the overturning of NAFTA to the… Cont’d on A2.



    Gephardt In, Tsongas Out at DNC
    Washington Post, August 28th, 1996


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    New Orleans – Missouri Representative and Speaker of the House Richard “Dick” Gephardt today accepted the nomination for Vice President of the United States at last night’s Democratic National Convention, replacing the outgoing VP Paul Tsongas, who formally announced his long-expected plans to retire as VP earlier this year, citing the return of his Cancer. Gephardt praised Tsongas, who attended remotely via video from his home in Lowell, Massachusetts, noting his “brave and selfless service” in the midst of his health crisis.

    Despite a closely contested vote by a liberal block trying to push a more progressive VP candidate, such as Senator Patty Murray of Washington, Gephardt won the day. Gephardt struck a mostly centrist, even mildly populist tone as he touted the accomplishments of President Gore, much of it accomplished through Public-Private means. He cited Health Care Reform, the Green Growth Act, the Welfare Reform Act, and the Crime Bill as particular “great accomplishments” of Gore, and pledged to continue to help Gore build upon these accomplishments in the next term. With respect to the GGA, Gephardt cited the particular threat that rising global temperatures posed to New Orleans, where the convention is being held.

    “Between sea level rise and increasingly powerful storms,” he said, “The entire Gulf Coast is at risk if we don’t take meaningful action.”

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    Gephardt, who remains very popular in the swing state of Missouri, which Gore only narrowly won in 1992, is seen as a strong strategic choice, as Gephardt’s history of free trade skepticism and history of dealmaking with Reform Party representatives is expected to help win over wavering Reform Democrats who might be tempted to flip to Perot. Gephardt, another Centrist Democrat, is also seen as a bit of a gamble, as some progressive activists fear that progressive voters, particularly in the Northeast and Pacific Coast, could be turned away, which could risk otherwise-secure down-ballot races, particularly with Reform candidates on an increasing number of ballots. Some Democratic strategists, however, see this as a shrewd move to retain more of the centrists and swing voters who might otherwise be tempted to vote for Perot.

    And Perot remained a topic of conversation on the floor, with growing concern that Perot’s candidacy might actually allow the highly conservative Newt Gingrich of Georgia, who pulled the GOP nomination out from under nativist demagogue Pat Buchannan’s feet, to pull off an upset win. “If that Georgian wins the day,” one delegate told the Post, “Then America is {expletive deleted}.”
     
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