Ramp-Rat

Monthly Donor
So Sergeant Okazaki, has after a long and audacious series of fights reached the Vietnam island of Phu Quoc. He should have at least a month to acclimatise, rest and become used to the local environment especially weather. Instead he’s about to be thrown into action against a superior opposition, the like of which he has never encountered before. His aircraft is functional obsolete in comparison to all the fighters in the Allied stable, despite having a longer range/endurance, it’s slower with an inferior armament, and lacks an armour to protect the pilot or engine. He and all his fellows are flying and using totally out of date tactics, against well trained pilots who are using the most up to date tactics and formations. His vic three formation means that every time he comes up against a finger four formation, he is outnumbered, and the basic advantage lies with the British. For all his training he hasn’t to date encountered an opponent who is as well trained and equipped as he is about to, and the reality is he has very little experience in air to air combat. He is operating out of a hasty constructed airfield that lacks any of what his opponents consider the minimum facilities needed. It doesn’t have adequate drainage, protected revetments for the aircraft , secure and separated storage for fuel and ammunition, and air raid shelters for the ground crews. I doubt that it has anything more than a few machine guns for AA defence, and its crash truck is anything more than an simple truck with a few fire extinguishers on board.

While the Japanese had excellent doctors, the Japanese forces were very remiss in comparison to the Anglo Americans when it came to providing medical services. A British pilot who is wounded in action can expect that provided he makes it back to his home base, even if he crashes on landing, well trained and equipped crash crews will extract him from his aircraft, and he will receive the best of available care, before being evacuated to a base hospital in Singapore. I do not know what the state of play was in regards to the provision of blood transfusions in Malaya was at this point in time. Whether there was a blood bank to draw on, or it was only fresh drawn blood being used, but there is no question that at least some blood would be available if needed at every airfield. If Sergeant Okazaki is wounded in action he will have only the primitive facilities available on the airfield to treat him, its a long way to anything more sophisticated, and the chance of an air evacuation are slim to none. Casualties from combat and disease will be far higher among the Japanese than the British, and this includes the ground crews, were just a small cut if not properly and promptly treated can result in a major infection.

Keith Park for all his problems, is in a much stronger position than he was in the UK, where he was restricted in the actions he could take. In the UK he couldn’t order an attack on the Luftwaffe airfields, he had to make a request through authorised channels and hope it was fore filled. In Malaysia he is totally in charge and is the one to direct the forces allocated to him. Therefore Sergeant Okazaki, might find on day two of the conflict a flight of three Blenheim’s paying his airfield a dawn call, and dropping some bombs. OK twelve 250 is not a lot, but an attack at low level hitting without warning against an airfield without protection and aircraft lined up in a row, you don’t need to hit any of them just the bomb blasts and shrapnel could do a lot of damage. Plus it only takes one lucky bomb to hit the fuel storage area and it’s going to take time to build up the fuel stocks again. For an airforce that up until now has been able to operate without opposition and has had to give little consideration to defending its airfields, this is going to come as a major shock. Remember Park has had close to a year to plan out his response to a Japanese assault, and while he would prefer a preemptive strike, he will have made plans for a response to a Japanese attack. And while on day one his forces priority is defending its own air space, there is nothing to say that surprise dawn attacks against the known enemy fighter fields, is not an option. And given the total lack of an air warning system British bombers can fly in at the best hight of fuel economy before entering a shallow dive to tree top height for the attack. And the majority of southern Vietnam is well within the range of Blenheim’s flying from northern Malaya, and attacking from the west at dawn will be coming out of the darkness.

RR.
 

Coulsdon Eagle

Monthly Donor
I wonder if all the Australian anger came after Bert Oldfield's fractured skull, carried off unconscious. Perversely, it came from a non bodyline ball, top edged, Oldfield later admitted it was his error. Then again Bill Woodfull took a ball to the chest, but managed to soldier on, 79 not out!
The ball that struck Woodfull over his heart was when the field was still set for off-theory. It was when Jardine immediately set the field for leg theory that provoked the Australians.

Gubby Allen also refused to bowl leg theory, but he had friends at Lord's and Jardine could neither force him to follow orders or drop him. Bill Voce claimed the reason Allen didn't bowl bodyline was not that he took a stand against the attack, but was not accurate enough to bowl it, something Allen dismissed (if you bowled loosely when setting a body line field, your close-in leg trap fielders were in danger of being struck from pulls to leg).
 

Driftless

Donor
POD in August 1940, Britain saves Singapore.
POD in August 1930, The US saves the Philippines. :)

US could squeeze by with a 1937 POD.
With only a brief sidetrack of this TL, just when fertilizer events are really going to hit the fan: What (very brief) PoDs happen in Aug of 1930 for the PI and sometime 1937 ? (For 1937 I can imagine Mac does not get the Field Marshall gig in the PI - and someone else does)
 
With only a brief sidetrack of this TL, just when fertilizer events are really going to hit the fan: What (very brief) PoDs happen in Aug of 1930 for the PI and sometime 1937 ? (For 1937 I can imagine Mac does not get the Field Marshall gig in the PI - and someone else does)
I guess august 1930 is the POD for Keynes Cruisers?
 
With only a brief sidetrack of this TL, just when fertilizer events are really going to hit the fan: What (very brief) PoDs happen in Aug of 1930 for the PI and sometime 1937 ? (For 1937 I can imagine Mac does not get the Field Marshall gig in the PI - and someone else does)
I pulled August 1930 out of thin air, being a decade earlier. My original date pulled out of thin air was 19*04* (to flip the digits in 1940) But with a 1904 POD you could theoretically end up with just about any alliance of world powers you want (US, Russia and Japan on the same side, etc)
 
MWI 41120414 Doing Their Bit

Fatboy Coxy

Monthly Donor
1941, Thursday 04 December;

The rush had been on for over a week now, with the need to free up dockyard resources for other ships. They were ten days earlier than scheduled, commissioning quayside on Tuesday, as HMS Kelantan, with fresh grey paint, a venerable 4-inch gun on a raised platform forward, newly installed ASDIC mounted in the hull with a small office built into the back of the bridge, a couple of Lewis guns on the wing, and a rolling rack of depth charges on the stern. The Dutch minelayer HNLMS Gouden Leeuw, quayside behind her, was several days behind her on completing the ASDIC fitting schedule, while the destroyer Van Nes was still in dry dock having her dome fitted, both as part of the ongoing promised upgrade of Dutch warships with ASW equipment.

Yesterday was spent moored in the Straits, with lighters in attendance, taking on fuel, food, water, ammunition and general supplies, as well as the last of the crew joining them. Lt Richardson RNR, Kelantan’s captain, now in Royal Naval uniform, was very unhappy with the state of affairs he found himself in. He’d kept most of the ship’s professionals, now also in uniform, and had gained a couple of very green sub lieutenants, and a small ASDIC crew, but a lot of the crew were now Malay seamen fresh from training school.

This morning, he’d had the pleasure of a visit from Commodore Stanfield, who’s Inshore Squadron they had joined. They had taken coffee in his cabin, once a nicely furnished room, but now much stripped down, the fineries stored away in some Straits Steamship warehouse. He’d kept his Chinese cabin servant, but many of the others had gone, their quarters now inhabited by the young Malay gun crews, signallers, and deck hands, most of whom had never been on anything bigger than a launch he suspected. His orders were to proceed to Kuantan, working up while on passage, with an overnight stop at Mersing, dropping off supplies for the garrison there. Stanfield wanted him to get to know the area well, as he would be taking over the patrol from HMS Lipis.

And so, it was well gone 2pm before they left, led by a little HDML launch, they threaded through the gathered warships. Two huge grey warships were passed, the Prince of Wales quayside, with chains of seamen passing supplies deep down into the depths of the ship, and Repulse, still in dry dock. The cruisers and destroyers, with every supply ship or lighter available in attendance. Then came smaller ships, a couple of recently built Australian corvettes, some small requisitioned coastal steamers, and a number of auxiliary minesweepers.

A small freighter slid by, making her way to the Naval base, she’d been part of a WS slow convoy, among her cargo was 33 Merlin engines, 20 drop tanks, three crated aircraft, two Swordfish and a Dragon Rapide, and a dozen machine tools, all for the RAF. She’d have to moor in the straits and wait her turn, her chosen berth already taken by an old tramp steamer, which had recently arrived from Canada, via Hawaii, with another fourteen crated Hurricanes, along with more railway engineering stores.

Through the net gates now, past the big guns up on the hillside at Changi, another patrol ship coming the other way, which he quickly recognised as Raub, and there was his old friend Henman, still her captain, but now in a lieutenant’s uniform waving at him. He returned the wave, while studying the ship, rust streaks and some dented panels told him she’d been working hard.

Later, they were just entering the South China Sea, leaving the Straits, and it was time for some gun practice for the 4-inch. A couple of small uninhabited islands had some rather large brightly painted targets prominently situated, which they could safely practice on. The Sub Lt had drilled his crew for about an hour, but now they would fire off a half dozen HE, they couldn’t do more, they only had about 40 rounds in total. The first two shots were disappointing, but the third actually hit the first island, and then it was time to shift target to the second island. This time they had a bit more success, one round looked like it had showered sand over the target, certainly the gun crew look happy enough about it. Richardson just hoped the noise might frighten off any enemy, it certainly did to the birds nesting on the island.

The anti-submarine training using ASDIC was promised later, and her operators were keen to assure him they knew what to do. But what he could say with confidence was his signalling party knew their business, as they conversed with passing ships, using both semaphore and flags.

Entering the South China Sea, they headed north and ran into bad weather, squalls and a heavy sea breaking on their starboard bow, causing him to reduce speed to 6 knots. This will be interesting he thought, now we’ll see who’s got their sea legs, and with a wicked smile he called action stations, the first time for the ship’s crew at sea. He loved this ship, and the many years he’d had in her, was filled with trepidation about the future, but it was their turn to do their bit for the war, and they would do their best.
 

Driftless

Donor
among her cargo was 33 Merlin engines, 20 drop tanks, three crated aircraft, two Swordfish and a Dragon Rapide
Not knowing the details of individual ships arriving, was this cargo a normal load in, or are these bits and bobs, especially the drop tanks, an eccentric "easter egg" that we will have to patiently wait for revelation?
 
With only a brief sidetrack of this TL, just when fertilizer events are really going to hit the fan: What (very brief) PoDs happen in Aug of 1930 for the PI and sometime 1937 ? (For 1937 I can imagine Mac does not get the Field Marshall gig in the PI - and someone else does)
For U.S. FDR and company realize the danger Japan presents and when Japan leaves naval treaty in 1937 U. S. Uses naval construction as a jobs program 2 year earlier, new runs of Sims,Benham, and Gleaves destroyers, Additional St Louis Class CL and CAs. Also more Army units and AAC squadrons for P.I.
 
For U.S. FDR and company realize the danger Japan presents and when Japan leaves naval treaty in 1937 U. S. Uses naval construction as a jobs program 2 year earlier, new runs of Sims,Benham, and Gleaves destroyers, Additional St Louis Class CL and CAs. Also more Army units and AAC squadrons for P.I.
Someone should write that story.... I would read it
 
While the Japanese had excellent doctors, the Japanese forces were very remiss in comparison to the Anglo Americans when it came to providing medical services. A British pilot who is wounded in action can expect that provided he makes it back to his home base, even if he crashes on landing, well trained and equipped crash crews will extract him from his aircraft, and he will receive the best of available care, before being evacuated to a base hospital in Singapore. I do not know what the state of play was in regards to the provision of blood transfusions in Malaya was at this point in time. Whether there was a blood bank to draw on, or it was only fresh drawn blood being used, but there is no question that at least some blood would be available if needed at every airfield. If Sergeant Okazaki is wounded in action he will have only the primitive facilities available on the airfield to treat him, its a long way to anything more sophisticated, and the chance of an air evacuation are slim to none. Casualties from combat and disease will be far higher among the Japanese than the British, and this includes the ground crews, were just a small cut if not properly and promptly treated can result in a major infection.


RR.
Individual IJA troops were issued a waxed paper wrapped triangle bandage in a packet kept in the tunic pocket. In contrast, the basic Carlisle bandage issued to US forces was attached to a gauze pad and packaged with a sulfa drug packet and stored in a purpose designed pouch outside the clothing. Historically, the Japanese depended on transfusions rather than whole blood or other products, and placed heavy reliance on vitamins and diet for wound care. Japanese battlefield medics did carry drugs, antiseptics, and tourniquets, but medics were not usually available forward. Aid stations at the regimental level had surgeons, contrasting with other counties who tried to echelon a surgeon to the battalion aid station. In a static position, such as the airfield above, a well equipped and protected aid station was generally established. However, the IJA did not have the dedicated motorized casevac systems other countries used, being dependent on bearers or logistics back haul until the divisional level. If you’re advancing, this isn't as much of a problem, as casualties and aid stations will be caught up to by the advancing rear echelon. In a static or defensive fight, you will need to establish an evac system and exchange points to maintain throughput in a high intensity environment.
 

Driftless

Donor
Individual IJA troops were issued a waxed paper wrapped triangle bandage in a packet kept in the tunic pocket. In contrast, the basic Carlisle bandage issued to US forces was attached to a gauze pad and packaged with a sulfa drug packet and stored in a purpose designed pouch outside the clothing. Historically, the Japanese depended on transfusions rather than whole blood or other products, and placed heavy reliance on vitamins and diet for wound care. Japanese battlefield medics did carry drugs, antiseptics, and tourniquets, but medics were not usually available forward. Aid stations at the regimental level had surgeons, contrasting with other counties who tried to echelon a surgeon to the battalion aid station. In a static position, such as the airfield above, a well equipped and protected aid station was generally established. However, the IJA did not have the dedicated motorized casevac systems other countries used, being dependent on bearers or logistics back haul until the divisional level. If you’re advancing, this isn't as much of a problem, as casualties and aid stations will be caught up to by the advancing rear echelon. In a static or defensive fight, you will need to establish an evac system and exchange points to maintain throughput in a high intensity environment.
Your point about the rapid Japanese advances enabling the medical units to quickly catch up to the front has other implications. There would have been some "interesting" medical calculations had the Japanese advances through OTL Malaya and Burma proceeded at a slower to much slower rate.

Wounded soldiers not getting to a more well equipped regimental aid station as quickly, would be at greater peril, I would think.
 
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There would have been some "interesting" medical calculations had the Japanese advances through OTL Malaya and Burma proceeded at a slower to much slower rate.

Wounded soldiers not getting to a more well equipped regimental aid station as quickly, would be at greater peril, I would think.
Yes; died of wounds numbers dip tremendously if you can get a case to surgery within a hour of injury (“the golden hour”). The “usual suspects” for died of wounds on the battlefield are shock, hemorrhage, and open pneumothorax. With advanced first aid training and the right kit, these can be managed. Shock requires a blood volume expander, either through a typed transfusion or an IV product. Hemorrhage is a tourniquet for limbs and emergency surgery to tie off all other bleeders. Pneumothorax requires sealing the wound and the introduction of a chest tube before more detailed repair. Worse, these conditions generally coexist in the same patient (pretty much every open thoracic wound will give you hemorrhage and shock). The IJA medical system was playing at a disadvantage in these by virtue of its structure and resourcing.

A lot of troops who could have been saved are going to die waiting for or during evac. Others who could be saved by pushing surgeons forward will expire at company casualty collection points or at battalion aid stations with a medic or tech watching them unable to do anything to help them. It is only once they get to regiment that enough knowledge and equipment exists to provide meaningful aid. By then, some will end up in the expectant group solely because of deterioration of their wounds.

The IJA medical service was a professional as that of any other country, and dedicated to their mission- in some instances their medical philosophy was very advanced by looking at the soldier as a system who required preventative maintenance and inspection in addition to repair. In theory, IJA medical services focus on preventative medicine/field sanitation/ hygiene and nutrition were equally or ahead of some other countries. The issue seems to have been in implementation, due in part to line officer bias, but mainly to shortages of equipment and personnel.
 
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