Australia's Navy : Death and Rebirth – Vampire Class.
Following the
end of the Third World War, the RAN took a moment to have a breather, then immediate set to the task of rebuilding itself. It was briefly hoped the Navy could be rebuilt with ships “donated” by what was left of the US in return for
resettling American refugees in Australia, but when the small batch of Charles' F. Adams destroyers and Knox frigates that had miraculously survive the war arrived, Navy inspectors found vessels in extremely poor shape; the US wasn’t willing to give up their better ships, since they were trying to rebuild their own navy. The only choice would be for Australia to build her own.
They say you always end up planning for the last war, and the Navy's plan for its future was no different. Submarines were the big threat of the last war, and so submarines would by what the navy prepared to fight next; this decision would affect Australian maritime defence policy for more than a decade.
The next step was a design. The navy needed new ships fast; it was expected that most of the RAN's few remaining warships would need refit or replacement by 1995. This left little time to design, prepare and start construction on new warships; after the debacle of the
Bay class, the Navy wanted a mature design, one that would be near “fit to fight” straight out of the shipyard. Rather than develop a new design, the Australia's chose to modify an existing one: a before the war, Australia had purchased several
Oliver Hazard Perry class frigates, and was preparing to build its own (as the
Adelaide class). It was decided that the construction of the Adelaide class would resume, as well as a new class of frigate based on the
Adelaide: the
Vampire class.
If theirs one lesson the RAN learned from the war, it was the effectiveness of the Ikara Anti submarine missile system. The old, ageing design, which before the war the navy had planned to retire, had proven to be a golden bullet, accounting for 17 submarines and 1 surface vessel (a very unlucky Vietnamese frigate). The Navy was determined to keep Ikara going, with new upgrades in the pipeline. Ikara would by the main weapon of the
Vampire class, its launcher replacing the Mk. 13 missile launcher on the
Adelaide design. As a anti-submarine focused vessel, the
Vampire was fitted with several powerful sonar systems: The advanced, Australian developed Mulloka-2 bow sonar, The Mani variable depth sonar and the the Garfish towed sonar. Air defence was seen as a secondary concern, and was provided by a single Sea Sabre launcher.
The design was finalised by 1992, with construction of the first vessel beginning in 1993. The navy originally had a requirement for 15 vessels; this was rapidly reduced to 10, then 8, then 6 after it was decided to build two of the
Vampires as
Adelaide class ships instead to cover WW3 losses. Unlike the WW3 emergency program, the
Vampire classes construction has gone smoothly, with work being shared between three shipyards to speed up construction. To save costs, crucial at a time when the Government is engaged in
the biggest infrastructure project in Australia history, much of the equipment fit, engines, weapons and systems, have been furnished using ongoing US refugee settlement payment.
By the end of the 90's, the threat in the pacific was changing, from the Soviet wolfpacks of the last war, to the naval domination of Japan and her allies. Being able to defend Australia's waters from Japan's large surface fleet became the new primary task of the RAN, and she adapted her ships accordingly. The
Vampire class are now being upgraded to carry Harpoon anti-ship missiles, while DSTA researchers are working hard to develop a high sped anti ship missile based on the Ikara system.