Another of my atlas maps:
South America in Giant Canada World, with continental vexillology. The biggest driver of change isn't actually massive border fluctuations, though butterflies in the formative 1800s result in differences, with Paraguay most liable to come out on the losing end of things on balance. What really helps here is a United States that's not in a position to treat South America as its backyard. The continent's hardly left alone, and instability still exists, but some areas prosper - notably Argentina realizing more of its potential and Guyana grabbing oil sooner.
Argentina is undoubtedly the best place to live here, but Chile's also pretty fantastic.
Since it comes up in a couple of entries: Populism in this universe is a term used for far-right revolutionary movements akin to fascism, with an undercurrent of common people overthrowing the elites and installing authoritarian governments that supposedly "empower the commonman." Hastatism is a branchoff of populism pioneered by a group of writers called the Society of the Hastati, who promoted the idea of revolutionary citizen armies toppling democrats, elites, intellectuals and liberals and installing autocracies. You can guess where these ideologies led.
Ed.: Fixed the capital of Brazil and added the legend.