Thriving Pomegranate Seeds: A Trastámara Spain Timeline

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Christina of Denmark

Albert of Bavaria

Marguerite of France, Duchess of Calabria

Frederick, Duke of Calabria

 

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House de Trastámara
Juan III of Castile and Aragon(b.1478, r . from 1492 in Aragon, r. from 1514 in Castile, d.1521) m. Margaret of Austria, Queen of Aragon, (b. 1480) had issue
1) Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) m. Massimiliano Sforza, Duke of Milan(b.1493, d.1538) had issue
2) Ferdinand, VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Princess Mary Tudor of England, Queen of Spain (b.1496, d.1528) had issue, took Micaela de Castro as a mistress(b.1510), had issue 2nd marriage to Philiberta of Savoy, Queen of Spain(b.1498) had issue,
3) Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre(b.1494) has issue
4) Infanta Maria, Queen of Naples(b.1503) m. King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488) had issue
5) Infante Alfonso(b.1504, d.1504)
6) Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505) has issue 2nd marriage to Leonor de Castro(b.1512), Duchess of Urgell, has issue
7) Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) had issue
8) Infanta Eleanor(Royal Nun)(b.1511)
9) Infanta Blanca, Queen of France(b.1512) m.King Francis I of France(b.1494) has issue
Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Mary of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496, d.1528) had issue 2nd marriage to Philiberta of Savoy, had issue
1a)Infanta Margarita(b.1515, d.1515)
2a)Miscarriage(1517)
3a)Juan, Prince of Asturias(b.1518, d. 1537) m.Infanta Eleanor of Portugal(b.1519) no surivivng issue
4a)Infanta Juana(b.1521), eng.Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527)
5a)Alfonso, Prince of Asturias(b.1523)
6a)Miscarriage(1525)
7a)Infanta Isabella(b.1528)eng. Phillip of Austria(b.1522)
1b)Ferdinand Fernandez, Duke of Pastrana, (b.1529)eng. Juana Pacheo(b.1527)
1c)Infante Felipe, Duke of Estremera (b.1531) eng.Anna of Savoy(b.1533)
2c)Infante Luis(Stillborn twin of Infanta Constanza d.1534)
3c)Infanta Constanza(b.1534)
4c)Infanta Ana(b.1536)


Juan, Prince of Asturias(b.1518, d. 1537) m.Infanta Eleanor of Portugal(b.1519) no living issue
1)Miscarriage(1535)
2)Miscarriage(1537)

Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre, Duchess of Cafiz(b.1494) has issue
1)Sancho de Trastámara(b.1520) m.Catherine de Medici(b.1519), has issue
2)Stillborn daughter(1522)
3)Pedro de Trastámara(b.1525)
4)Gabriel de Trastámara(b.1528)
Sancho de Trastámara(b.1520) m.Catherine de Medici(b.1519), has issue and took Isabel Osorio as mistress, issue by both
1a)Ana de Trastámara(b.1536, d.1536)
2a) Magdalena de Trastámara(b.1538)
1b)Sancha de Trastámara(b.1539)

Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505, d.1529) has issue, 2nd marriage to Leonor de Castro(b.1512)
1a)Margarita de Trastámara, Duchess of Escalona(b.1521)m. Diego López Pacheco, 3rd Duke of Escalona (b.1506) has issue
2a)Garcia de Trastámara(b.1522) m.Maddalena de Medici(b.1519)
3a)Carlos de Trastámara(b.1524)
4a)Stillborn son(1526)
5a)Stillborn son(1528)
6a)Francisco de Trastámara(b.1529, d.1529)
1b)Álvaro de Trastámara(b.1532)
2b)Maria de Trastámara(b.1534)
3b)Eleanor de Trastámara(b.1535)
4b)Isabella de Trastámara(b.1537)
5b)Micaela de Trastámara(b.1538)

Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) has issue
1)Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo(b.1526)
2)García Álvarez de Toledo (b.1528)
3)Diego Álvarez de Toledo (b.1530)
4) Beatriz Álvarez de Toledo (b.1533)
5) Maria Álvarez de Toledo (b.1535)
6) Juan Álvarez de Toledo(b.1536, d.1536)


House de Aviz
Manuel I of Portugal(b.1469, r. from 1495, d.1521) m.Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal(b.1470) has issue
1)Miscarriage(1496)
2)Miguel I of Portugal(b.1498) m. Catherine Tudor, Princess of England(b.1501) has issue
3)Infante Afonso(b.1500) m. Helena de Lencastre (b.1503) has issue
4)Infanta Isabella(b.1502, d.1502)
5)Infanta Beatrice Duchess of Braganza(b.1505)m. Teodesio, Duke of Braganza(b.1510), has issue
6)Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda(b.1507) m. Guiomar Coutinho(b.1509) has issue
7)Infante Antonio(b.1509, d.1509)
8)Miscarried daughter(1511)
Miguel I of Portugal,(b.1498) m.Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501) has issue
1)Infanta Eleanor, Dowager Princess of Asturias and Duchess of Barcelos(b.1519) m.Juan Prince of Asturias(b.1518), no living issue
2)Miscarriage(1521)
3)Infanta Isabella, Duchess of Vila Real(b.1523)m. Miguel de Menezes, Duke of Vila Real(b.1520)
4)Infanta Maria(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Manuel, Prince of Portugal(b.1527)eng. Catherine of England(b.1533)
6)Infanta Teresa(b.1527)
7)Infante Eduarte(b.1531, d.1532)
8)Infante Diogo(b.1535)
9)Infante Arturo(b.1537)
10)Infante Antonio(b.1539)



House von Habsburg
Phillip I, Holy Roman Emperor,(b.1478, r. from 1482 in Burgundy, and from 1521 in The Holy Roman Empire, d.1530 ) m.Juana of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress(b.1479) has issue
1)Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland(b.1498) m. Sigismund I of Poland(b.1467) has issue
2)Charles of Austria(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary(b.1503)has issue
3)Isabella of Austria(b.1501)m. King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) has issue
4)Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Inner Austria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France, Duchess of Inner Austria(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
5)Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) m. King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506) has issue
6)Catherine of Austria(b.1507) m. Ercole D’este(b.1510) has issue
7)Frederick of Austria Archduke of Tyrol(b.1509, d.1530) m. Barbara Fugger (b.1510) has issue
1)Maragaret of Austria(b.1527)
2)Leopold of Austria, Archduke of Tyrol(b.1531, posthumous son)
8)Antoine of Austria, Duke of Württemberg (b.1512) m. Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Württemberg(b.1518) has issue


Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, Holy Roman Empress(b.1503), has issue, also has bastard issue
1a)Elisabeth of Austria, Dauphine of France(b.1520) m. Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518) has issue
2a)Phillip of Austria(b.1522) eng.Isabella of Aragon(b.1528)
3a)Anna of Austria(b.1523, d.1524)
4a)Maximillian of Austria(b.1526) eng.Princess Catherine of Hungary(b.1526)
5a)Joanna of Austria(b.1528) eng.Christian of Denmark(b.1536)
6a)Catherine of Austria(b.1530)
7a)Eleanor of Austria(b.1532)
8a)Stillborn son(1533)
1b)Margaret of Parma(b.1522)



Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke of Inner Austria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
1a)Stillborn Daughter(1521)
1b)John of Austria(b.1523, d.1523)
2b)Ferdinand of Austria(b.1525)
3b)Eleanor of Austria(b.1526, d.1526)
4b)Margaret of Austria(b.1528)
5b)Anna of Austria(b.1530)
6b)Frederick of Austria(b.1533)
Antoine of Austria, Duke of Württemberg (b.1512) m. Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Württemberg(b.1518) has issue
1)Franz von Habsburg(b.1535
2)Catherine von Habsburg(b.1537)
3)Stillborn son (1539)



House of Savoy
Phillibert II, Duke of Savoy(b.1480, r. from 1497, d.1539) m.Maria of Aragon, Duchess of Savoy(b.1482, d.1535), has mistress Teresa de Bivero, has issue by both
1a)Phillip of Savoy(b.1499) m.Susanna of Bavaria, (b.1502) has issue
2a)Margaret of Savoy(b.1501) m. William IV, Duke of Bavaria(b.1493) has issue
3a)Louis of Savoy(b.1503) m.Leonora Sforza
4a)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1504, d.1504)
5a)Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) m.Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510, d.1537), has issue
6a)Charles of Savoy(b.1508)
7a)John of Savoy(b.1510)
8a)Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511) m.Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)
9a)William of Savoy(b.1513)
10a)Emmanuel of Savoy(b.1515, d.1531)
1b)Agnes of Savoy(b.1511)
2b)Nicolas of Savoy(b.1516)


Duke Phillip III of Savoy(b.1499), m.Susanna of Bavaria, Duchess of Savoy(b.1502) has issue
1)Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) m. Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515), has issue
2)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1520)
3)Albert of Savoy(b.1522, d.1522)
4)Maria of Savoy(b.1524) eng.Prince Charles of France, Duke of Orleans(b.1522)
5)Matilda of Savoy(b.1527)
6)Isabella of Savoy(b.1529, d.1529)
7)Phillip of Savoy(b.1531, d.1531)
8)Anna of Savoy(b.1533)
9)John of Savoy(b.1534)
10)Robert of Savoy(b.1535)


Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) m. Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515), has issue also has illegitimate issue by mistress Anne Calthorpe(b.1520, d.1582)
1a)Phillip of Savoy(b.1533)
2a)Maria of Savoy(b.1535)
3a)Susanna of Savoy(b.1536, d.1536)
4a)Margaret of Savoy(b.1539)
1b)Charles of Savoy(b.1537)



House of Tudor
King Henry VII of England(b.1458 r. from 1485, d. 1509) m.Elizabeth of York Queen of England(b.1466, d.1511) had issue
1)Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales (b.1486, d. 1501) eng. Catherine of Aragon, died without issue
2)Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489) m.James IV Stuart, King of Scots(b.1473) had issue, 2nd marriage to John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) has issue
3)King Henry VIII of England(b.1491) m. Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485)
4)Mary Tudor, Princess of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496) m. King Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499)
5)Edward Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1499, d.1499)
6)Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Katherine Stafford, Duchess of Somerset (b.1499), has issue
7)Princess Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501), m. King Miguel I of Portugal has issue


King Henry VIII of England(b.1491, r.from 1509) m.Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485), has issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1506)
2)Stillborn daughter(1507)
3)Arthur, Prince of Wales(b.1509) m.Anne of Cleves(b.1515) has issue
1)Catherine of England(b.1532)
2)Miscarriage(1534)
3)Margaret of England(b.1535, d.1535)
4)Henry of England(b.1537)
5)William of England(b.1539)
4)Princess Mary of England(b.1510)m.Francis of Lorraine(b.1517) has issue
5)Prince Henry, Duke of York(b.1512) m.Amalia of Cleves(b.1517), has Lady Margaret "Madge" Shelton(b.1508) as a mistress, issue by both
1a)Henry Tudor(b.1535)
2a)Catherine Tudor(b.1538, d.1538)
1b)George FitzYork(b.1532)
2b)Elizabeth FitzYork(b.1535)
3b)Phillip FitzYork(b.1538)

6)Prince Edward of England, Duke of Richmond (b.1514)m.Mary Howard, Duchess of Richmond(b.1519)has issue
7)Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515)m. Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) has issue
8)Princess Edith of England(b.1519)eng.Prince John of Denmark(b.1518)
9)Miscarriage(1521)
10)Prince Thomas of England(b.1523)


Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Lady Katherine Stafford(b.1499), has issue
1)Elizabeth Tudor(b.1516, d.1516)
2)Stillborn daughter(1519)
3)Jasper Tudor(b.1521)
4)Edward Tudor(b.1525)
5)Henry Tudor(b.1527, d.1527)
6)Eleanor Tudor(b.1529)
7)Margaret Tudor(b.1531)

House of Borgia
Giovanni Borgia, Duke of Gandia(b.1474, d.1497, r. from 1488) m. Maria Enriquez de Luna(b.1474, d.1539) had issue
1)Juan Borgia y Enriquez, Duke of Gandia (b.1494)
2)Francisca de Jesus Borgia(b.1494)
3.Isabel de Borgia y Enriquez(b.1497)
Cesare Borgia, Gonfalnier of The Papal Armies and Duke of Romagna(b.1475, d.1508) m. Princess Charlotte of Naples(b.1480) had issue
1)Anna Borgia(b.1499)
2)Rodrigo Borgia(b.1501, d.1502)
3)Pedro Luis Borgia(b.1502)
4)Cesare Borgia(b.1504 d.1504)
5)Lucrezia Borgia(b.1507)


Gioffre Borgia, Duke of Alveito/Prince of Squlliace m.Sancha of Aragon(b.1478, d.1505 died without issue), 2nd m. Giovanna of Naples(b.1479, d.1539) has issue
1)Francesco Borgia(b.1507) m.Alessandra Sforza(b.1519) has issue
2)Francesca Borgia(b.1509, d.1509)
3)Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)m.Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511)
4)Ferdinand Borgia(b.1515)
5)Alfonso Borgia(b.1516, d.1517)
6)Miscarriage(1519)
7)Sibilia Borgia(b.1522)
1)Francesco Borgia(b.1507) m.Alessandra Sforza(b.1519) has issue
1)Isabella Boriga(b.1536, d.1536)
2)Gioffre Borgia(b.1538)



House of Aragon
Lucrezia Borgia Duchess of Montalnto(b.1480), m.Alfonso of Aragon(b. 1481 d.1508), m. Ferdinand of Aragon, Duke of Montalto(b.1482) has issue by both
1a)Rodrigo of Aragon(b.1499)
2a)Stillborn daughter(1501)
3a)Sancho of Aragon(b.1504)
4a)Misscarriage(1506)
5a)Alfonso of Aragon(b.1509)
1b)Giovanna of Aragon(b.1512)
2b)Anna of Aragon(b.1514, d.1514)
3b)Inés of Aragon(b.1517)



House of Sforza(Dukes of Milan)
Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan(b. 1452, r. from 1494, d.1515) m.Beatrice D’este, Duchess of Milan(b.1475, d.1534), took Lucrezia Crivelli(b.1452, d.1508) as a Mistress has issue by both
1a)Massimiliano Sforza(b.1493), m. to Infanta Isabella of Aragon(b.1498)
2a)Francesco Sforza(b.1495)
3a)Stillborn Son(1497)
4a)Leonora Sforza(b.1500) m. Louis of Savoy(b.1503)
5a)Miscarriage(1502)
6a)Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke of Inner Austria(b.1503) no living issue
7a)Ricciarda Sforza(b.1507)
8a)Niccolo Sforza(b.1509)
1b)Giovanni Paolo Sforza(b.1497)

Massimiliano Sforza Duke of Milan(b.1493, d.1538) m.Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) had issue
1)Ludovico Sforza(b.1513), m. Princess Renee of France(b.1510)
2)Miscarriage(1514)
3)Francesco Sforza(b.1516)
4)Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) eng.Crown Prince Sigismund of Poland(b.1519)
5)Alessandra Sforza(b.1519)
6)Stillborn daughter(1521)
7)Caterina Sforza(b.1522)
8)Agnese Sforza(b.1524, d.1524)
9)Giovanni Sforza(b.1526, d.1526)
10)Martino Sforza(b.1529)

Ludovico II Sforza, Duke of Milan(b.1513) m.Princess Renne of France, Duchess of Milan (b.1510) has issue
1)Isabella Sforza(b.1530)
2)Beatrice Sforza(b.1532)
3)Massimiliano Sforza(b.1533)
4)Anna Sforza(b.1535)
5)Stillborn Son(1537)
6)Camilla Dorotea Sforza(b.1539)


House of Valois
Louis XII of France(b.1462) m.Anne of Brittany, Queen of France(b.1477, d.1514) had issue
1a)Claude of France, Duchess of Brittany(b.1499) m. Francis I of France(b.1494)
2a)Miscarriage(1500)
3a)Miscarriage(1503)
4a)Princess Marie of France m.Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Inner Austriab.1505) has issue
5a)Stillborn son(1508)
6a)Princess Renee of France, Duchess of Milan(b.1510) m.Ludovico II Sforza, Duke of Milan
7a)Stillborn son(1512)

King Francis I of France(b.1494, r from 1515) m.Claude of France, Queen of France(b.1499, d.1522) had issue, m. Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France(b.1512) has issue
1a)Princess Louise of France(b.1516, d.1517)
2a)Princess Charlotte of France(b.1516, d.1524)
3a)Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518), m.Elisabeth of Austria(b.1520) has issue
4a)Prince Henri, Duke of Anjou(b.1519, d.1533)
5a)Princess Madeline of France, Queen of Scots(b.1520, d.1539), m. King James V of Scotland(b.1515) had issue
6a)Prince Charles, Duke of Orleans(b.1521) m.Maria of Savoy, Duchess of Orleans(b.1524)
7a)Princess Marguerite of France(b.1522) m.Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523)
1b)Prince Jean, Duke of Anjou(b.1529)
2b)Prince Louis(b.1531, d.1531)
3b)Princess Joan(b.1533)
4b)Princess Agnes(b.1536)
5b)Miscarriage(1538)
Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518), m.Elisabeth of Austria(b.1520) has issue
1)Anne of France (b.1536, d.1536)
2)Louis of France (b.1538)
House of Bourbon


Suzanne, Duchess of Burbon(b.1491, d.1516) m.Charles III, Duke of Bourbon(b.1490, d.1529) had issue
1)Miscarriage(1507)
2)Miscarriage(1510)
3)Miscarriage(1511)
4)Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514)
5)Anne de Bourbon, Duchess of Longueville(b.1516)
6)Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1516), m. Jean de Foix
Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514) m.Isabella de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon (ATL cousin of Gaston de Foix) (b.1513, d.1530) 2nd. marriage to Eleanor de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon(b.1517) issue by both
1a)Charles de Bourbon(b.1528, d.1528)
2a)Stilbborn daughter(1529)
3a)Suzanne de Bourbon(b.1530
1b)Anne de Bourbon(b.1533)
2b)Jean de Bourbon(b.1535)
3b)Louis de Bourbon(b.1537, d.1537)
4b)Gaston de Bourbon(b.1539, d.1539)

House de Foix
Gaston de Foix, Duke of Nemours(b.1489) m. Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne(b.1496) has issue
1)Jean de Foix(b.1516) m. Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1515) has issue
2)Eleanor de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon(b.1517) m.Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514) has issue
3)Marie de Foix(b.1519, d.1519)
4)Charles de Foix(b.1522)
5)Louis de Foix(b.1525)
Jean de Foix(b.1516) m. Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1515) has issue
1)Anne de Foix(b.1533)
2)Stillborn son(1535)
3)Marie de Foix(b.1537)
4)Louise de Foix(b.1539)

House of Lorraine
Francis of Lorraine(b.1517) m.Mary of England(b.1510) has issue
1)Miscarriage(1533)
2)Charles of Lorraine(b.1535)
3)Renata of Lorraine(b.1537, d.1537)
4)Antoine of Lorraine(b.1539, d.1539)


House of Stuart
King James IV of Scotland(b.1473, d.1516) m. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489), had issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1509)
2) Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay(b.1512-d.1512)
3)James V of Scotland(b.1515) m.Madeline of France, Queen of Scots(b.1520, d.1539) had issue
4)Prince Alexander, Duke of Ross(b.1516)
John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) m. Margaret Tudor(b.1489), Queen mother of Scotland and Duchess of Albany, has issue
1)Robert Stuart(b.1518)
2)David Stuart(b.1520, d.1520)
3)Annabella Stuart(b.1522)
King James V of Scotland(b.1515) m.Madeline of France, Queen of Scots,(b.1520, d.1539) had issue
1)Miscarriage(1537)
2)James, Duke of Ross(b.1539)


House d’Este
Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara(b.1476, d.1534) m.Anna Sforza(b.1476. d.1497, no living issue) 2nd m.Bona Sforza, Duchess of Ferrara(b.1494) had issue
1)Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
2)Eleanora d’Este(b.1515)
3)Isabella d’Este(b.1518)
4)Stillborn daughter(1520)
5)Ippolito d’Este(b.1523, d.1523)
6)Miscarriage (1525)
7)Ippolita d’Este(b.1527)eng.Vladisalus, Crown Prince of Bohemia and Hungary(b.1528)

Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
1)Alfonso d’Este(b.1528)
2)Ippolito d'Este(b.1530, d.1530)
3)Carlo d'Este(b.1533)
4)Bona d’Este(b.1535)
5)Stillborn son(1537)
6)Giovanna d’Este(b.1539)

House De Medici
Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510, r.from 1526, d.1537) m.Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) has issue also has illgetimate issue by illegitamte sister-in-law, Agnes of Savoy(b.1511)
1a)Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527) eng. Infanta Juana of Aragon(b.1521)
2a)Piero de Medici(b.1528, d.1528)
3a)Alfonsina de Medici(b.1530)
4a)Maria de Medici(b.1532)
5a)Miscarriage(1534)
6a)Simone de Medici(b.1535)
7a)Isabella de Medici(b.1537)
1b)Alessandro de Medici(b.1535)
2b)Teresa de Medici(b.1537)


Neapolitan House of Trastámara
King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488, r.from 1507) m.Maria of Aragon, Queen of Naples(b.1503), has issue
1)Princess Isabella of Naples(b.1520)
2)Miscarriage (1521)
3)Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523) m.Princess Margurite of France(b.1522)
4)Prince Pedro of Naples(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Prince Alfonso of Naples(b.1527)
6)Prince Giovanni of Naples(b.1530)
7)Stillborn Daughter(1532)
8)Princess Margherita of Naples(b.1537)
Bastard issue by Flora Strozzi(b.1499)
1b)Leonora of Aragon(b.1524)
2b)Carlos of Aragon(b.1528)
3b)Antonio of Aragon(b.1529, d.1529)
4b)Ricciarda of Aragon(b.1532)
5b)Ippolita of Aragon(b.1535)


House of Wittelsbach
Duke William IV of Bavaria(b.1493) m.Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Bavaria(b.1501), has issue
1)Miscarriage(1518)
2)Theodor of Bavaria(b.1520, d.1533)
3)Albert of Bavaria(b.1523) m.Princess Christina of Denmark(b.1522)
4)Kunigunde of Bavaria(b.1525, d.1525)
5)William of Bavaria(b.1528, d.1529)
6)Wilhemina of Bavaria(b.1532)


House of Oldenburg
King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) m.Isabella of Austria, Queen of Denmark(b.1501, d.1536), second marriage to Ricciarda of Milan, Queen of Denmark(b.1507)
1a)Prince John of Denmark(b.1518) m.Princess Edith of England(b.1519) has issue
2a)Prince Phillip Ferdinand of Denmark(b.1519, d.1520)
3a)Prince Maximillian(b.1519, d.1519)
4a)Princess Dorothea of Denmark(b.1520)
5a)Princess Christina of Denmark(b.1522)
6a)Stillborn son(1523)
7a)Prince Phillip of Denmark(b.1527)
8a)Stillborn daughter(1530)
1b)Prince Christian(b.1538, d.1538)
Crown Prince John of Denmark(b.1518) m.Edith of England(b.1519) has issue
1)Christian of Denmark(b.1536)
2)Prince Frederick(b.1539, d.1539)


House Vasa
King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496) m.Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) has issue
1)Prince Erik, Duke of Kalmar(b.1530)
2)Princess Barbara(b.1532)


House Jagellion(Poland)
King Sigismund I “The Old” of Poland(b.1467) m.Barbara Zapoyla, Queen of Poland(b.1495, d.1515) had issue. 2nd marriage to Eleanor of Austria(b.1498), Queen of Poland, has issue
1a)Princess Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) m. King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496)
2a)Princess Anna of Poland(b.1515, d.1520)
1b)Sigismund, Crown Prince of Poland(b.1519), m.Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) has issue
2b)Miscarriage(1522)
3b)Princess Isabella of Poland(b.1524)
4b)Princess Sophia of Poland(b.1526)
5b)Prince Olbracht of Poland(b.1527, d.1527)
6b)Prince Casimir(b.1530)
Sigismund, Crown Prince of Poland(b.1519), m.Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) has issue, also has issue by mistress Barbara Radziwiłł
1a)Anna of Poland(b.1535)
2a)Sigismund of Poland(b.1537)
3a)Casimir of Poland(b.1539, d.1539)
1b)Olbracht Jagellion(b.1536)


House Jagellion (Hungary)
King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506, r.from 1516) m.Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) has issue
1)Stillborn son(b.1523)
2)Princess Catherine of Hungary(b.1526)eng.Maximillian of Austria(b.1526)
3)Prince Vladislaus of Hungary(b.1528)eng.Ippolita d'Este(b.1527)
4)Prince Alexander of Hungary(b.1530, d.1531)
5)Princess Anne of Hungary(b.1531)
6)Princess Joanna of Hungary(b.1533, d.1533)
7)Princess Alexandra(b.1537)


House Vasa
King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496) m.Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) has issue
1)Prince Eric, Duke of Kalamr(b.1530)
2)Princess Barbara(b.1532)
3)Princess Anna(b.1534)
4)Prince John, Duke of Finland(b.1535)
5)Prince Sigismund, Duke of Ostergotland(b.1537)
6)Prince Charles(b.1539, d.1539)

 

[Awkwardvulture]

In Spain, at Cadiz, on May 14th, Catherine De Medici and Sancho of Cadiz would have their third child, a girl named Juana, after the Dowager Holy Roman Empress. Sadly, the child would live for less than a week, dying on May 20th


To the west, at the Ribeira Palace on October 15th, King Miguel I and Catherine of England would have their tenth and final child, as the thirty-nine-year-old Queen would give birth to an Infante named Dinis, who would be destined for a career in the Church.


In France meanwhile on July 29th, King Francis I of France and Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France would have their fifth child that would come to term, a daughter named Catherine, for Blanca’s aunt, Catherine of Aragon, the Queen of England.


Across the English Channel, there was to be several noteworthy events, several of them tragic. One such tragedy was the demise of The Prince of Wales’s second eldest son, William of England, on July 24th, after suffering a series of deadly fevers for days, the boy was just a year old. Less than two month later, on October 4th, his mother Anne of Cleves, Princess of Wales would give birth to a child that would help mitigate the great sadness felt by his elder brother’s death. That son would be named John, for his maternal grandfather late, John III, Duke of Cleves, as well as his granduncle, the late Juan III of Spain.


On April 18th, Katherine Stafford, beloved wife of Prince Edmund, Duke of Somerset would die of Breast Cancer at the age of forty one, just two years after her father, Edward Stafford the Duke of Buckingham succumbed to the sweating sickness. It was after this that Duke Edmund made a request of his elder brother King Henry VIII, that he be allowed to choose his second wife, provided that she is of high birth. The King of England, in a particularly sympathetic mode, agreed to his brother’s request.

In the Duchy of York, on September 7th, Prince Henry, Duke of York, and Amalia of Cleves would have their third child together, a daughter who they named Joan.


To the north, in Scotland, King James V would reluctantly remarry, this time to a match destined to bring himself closer to both the Spanish and the French: Isabella of Navarre, youngest sister of King Henry II of Navarre, thus a member of the French House D’Albert, and through her sister, Magdalena, was sister-in-law to the Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz. The Princess of Navarre was rather disparagingly referred to as the “Spinster Princess”, for the youngest of her elder siblings, Charlotte of Navarre(1) was chosen instead of her to be wife of René I de Rohan, Viscount of Rohan, thus she remained unwed for much of her life. The wedding took place at St Andrews Cathedral in Scotland. Husband and wife did seemed to get along decently enough, though this was perhaps more out of duty than anything else, while Isabella, though not exceptionally close to her young stepson James, Duke of Rothesay, seemed to respect the boy.


To the east, In the Holy Roman Empire, there was to be a rather troublesome event for the House of Habsburg, stemming from one of its younger members. Said member was the Archduchess Joanna of Austria, now twelve years of age, and much unlike her namesake grandmother, had possessed great zeal and religiosity, purportedly spending many hours at prayer, and in studying theology. Said interest was initially viewed as only a good thing by her pious father, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, while her grandmother the dowager Holy Roman Empress warned that such an obsession could cause trouble. Ultimately, Juana of Aragon was proved right, for one day, in the month of August, the girl announced that she refused to marry the King of Denmark’s grandson, and announced her intention to take the veil as a nun. Historian Oskar Schmid, in Emperors of Blood and Christ writes,”The Archduchess Joanna resolutely refused to marry, claiming that God had called her into his service, and that the only man she would be a bride to is Christ. When the Emperor tried to dissuade her, reminding her of her obligations as Archduchess, Joanna then made the sign of the cross, stating that she would much rather face the wrath of her father, than that of God.” Her father, while somewhat nonplussed, accepted his daughter’s demands, reasoning that she would be unhappy in married life, and that he had other daughters who could wed young Christian.


Thus, with funds given to her by her father, the Archduchess Joanna would found a convent at Hall in Tirol, becoming a Nun of the Cistercian order. Eighteen years later she would become an abbess at the age of thirty and would personally see to the care and education of many orphans. Of course, this meant that Charles needed to furnish a replacement bride for his grandnephew, and he did so in the form of his second youngest daughter, Catherine of Austria.


To the north, in Denmark, on January 11th, King Christian II of Denmark and Ricciarda of Milan, Queen of Denmark had their second child, a son named Ludwig, who would reassure the King of the safety of the succession.

Archduchess Catherine of Austria as a child

(1) Charles of Navarre is born as a girl, Charlotte of Navarre, who weds Isabella's OTL spouse so that Isabella remains unwed until now..

 

[Jan Olbracht]

House de Trastámara
Juan III of Castile and Aragon(b.1478, r . from 1492 in Aragon, r. from 1514 in Castile, d.1521) m. Margaret of Austria, Queen of Aragon, (b. 1480) had issue
1) Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) m. Massimiliano Sforza, Duke of Milan(b.1493, d.1538) had issue
2) Ferdinand, VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Princess Mary Tudor of England, Queen of Spain (b.1496, d.1528) had issue, took Micaela de Castro as a mistress(b.1510), had issue 2nd marriage to Philiberta of Savoy, Queen of Spain(b.1498) had issue,
3) Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre(b.1494) has issue
4) Infanta Maria, Queen of Naples(b.1503) m. King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488) had issue
5) Infante Alfonso(b.1504, d.1504)
6) Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505) has issue 2nd marriage to Leonor de Castro(b.1512), Duchess of Urgell, has issue
7) Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) had issue
8) Infanta Eleanor(Royal Nun)(b.1511)
9) Infanta Blanca, Queen of France(b.1512) m.King Francis I of France(b.1494) has issue
Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Mary of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496, d.1528) had issue 2nd marriage to Philiberta of Savoy, had issue
1a)Infanta Margarita(b.1515, d.1515)
2a)Miscarriage(1517)
3a)Juan, Prince of Asturias(b.1518, d. 1537) m.Infanta Eleanor of Portugal(b.1519) no surivivng issue
4a)Infanta Juana(b.1521), eng.Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527)
5a)Alfonso, Prince of Asturias(b.1523)
6a)Miscarriage(1525)
7a)Infanta Isabella(b.1528)eng. Phillip of Austria(b.1522)
1b)Ferdinand Fernandez, Duke of Pastrana, (b.1529)eng. Juana Pacheo(b.1527)
1c)Infante Felipe, Duke of Estremera (b.1531) eng.Anna of Savoy(b.1533)
2c)Infante Luis(Stillborn twin of Infanta Constanza d.1534)
3c)Infanta Constanza(b.1534)
4c)Infanta Ana(b.1536)


Juan, Prince of Asturias(b.1518, d. 1537) m.Infanta Eleanor of Portugal(b.1519) no living issue
1)Miscarriage(1535)
2)Miscarriage(1537)

Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre, Duchess of Cafiz(b.1494) has issue
1)Sancho de Trastámara(b.1520) m.Catherine de Medici(b.1519), has issue
2)Stillborn daughter(1522)
3)Pedro de Trastámara(b.1525)
4)Gabriel de Trastámara(b.1528)
Sancho de Trastámara(b.1520) m.Catherine de Medici(b.1519), has issue and took Isabel Osorio as mistress, issue by both
1a)Ana de Trastámara(b.1536, d.1536)
2a) Magdalena de Trastámara(b.1538)
1b)Sancha de Trastámara(b.1539)

Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505, d.1529) has issue, 2nd marriage to Leonor de Castro(b.1512)
1a)Margarita de Trastámara, Duchess of Escalona(b.1521)m. Diego López Pacheco, 3rd Duke of Escalona (b.1506) has issue
2a)Garcia de Trastámara(b.1522) m.Maddalena de Medici(b.1519)
3a)Carlos de Trastámara(b.1524)
4a)Stillborn son(1526)
5a)Stillborn son(1528)
6a)Francisco de Trastámara(b.1529, d.1529)
1b)Álvaro de Trastámara(b.1532)
2b)Maria de Trastámara(b.1534)
3b)Eleanor de Trastámara(b.1535)
4b)Isabella de Trastámara(b.1537)
5b)Micaela de Trastámara(b.1538)

Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) has issue
1)Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo(b.1526)
2)García Álvarez de Toledo (b.1528)
3)Diego Álvarez de Toledo (b.1530)
4) Beatriz Álvarez de Toledo (b.1533)
5) Maria Álvarez de Toledo (b.1535)
6) Juan Álvarez de Toledo(b.1536, d.1536)


House de Aviz
Manuel I of Portugal(b.1469, r. from 1495, d.1521) m.Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal(b.1470) has issue
1)Miscarriage(1496)
2)Miguel I of Portugal(b.1498) m. Catherine Tudor, Princess of England(b.1501) has issue
3)Infante Afonso(b.1500) m. Helena de Lencastre (b.1503) has issue
4)Infanta Isabella(b.1502, d.1502)
5)Infanta Beatrice Duchess of Braganza(b.1505)m. Teodesio, Duke of Braganza(b.1510), has issue
6)Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda(b.1507) m. Guiomar Coutinho(b.1509) has issue
7)Infante Antonio(b.1509, d.1509)
8)Miscarried daughter(1511)
Miguel I of Portugal,(b.1498) m.Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501) has issue
1)Infanta Eleanor, Dowager Princess of Asturias and Duchess of Barcelos(b.1519) m.Juan Prince of Asturias(b.1518), no living issue
2)Miscarriage(1521)
3)Infanta Isabella, Duchess of Vila Real(b.1523)m. Miguel de Menezes, Duke of Vila Real(b.1520)
4)Infanta Maria(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Manuel, Prince of Portugal(b.1527)eng. Catherine of England(b.1533)
6)Infanta Teresa(b.1527)
7)Infante Eduarte(b.1531, d.1532)
8)Infante Diogo(b.1535)
9)Infante Arturo(b.1537)
10)Infante Antonio(b.1539)



House von Habsburg
Phillip I, Holy Roman Emperor,(b.1478, r. from 1482 in Burgundy, and from 1521 in The Holy Roman Empire, d.1530 ) m.Juana of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress(b.1479) has issue
1)Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland(b.1498) m. Sigismund I of Poland(b.1467) has issue
2)Charles of Austria(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary(b.1503)has issue
3)Isabella of Austria(b.1501)m. King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) has issue
4)Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Inner Austria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France, Duchess of Inner Austria(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
5)Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) m. King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506) has issue
6)Catherine of Austria(b.1507) m. Ercole D’este(b.1510) has issue
7)Frederick of Austria Archduke of Tyrol(b.1509, d.1530) m. Barbara Fugger (b.1510) has issue
1)Maragaret of Austria(b.1527)
2)Leopold of Austria, Archduke of Tyrol(b.1531, posthumous son)
8)Antoine of Austria, Duke of Württemberg (b.1512) m. Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Württemberg(b.1518) has issue


Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, Holy Roman Empress(b.1503), has issue, also has bastard issue
1a)Elisabeth of Austria, Dauphine of France(b.1520) m. Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518) has issue
2a)Phillip of Austria(b.1522) eng.Isabella of Aragon(b.1528)
3a)Anna of Austria(b.1523, d.1524)
4a)Maximillian of Austria(b.1526) eng.Princess Catherine of Hungary(b.1526)
5a)Joanna of Austria(b.1528) eng.Christian of Denmark(b.1536)
6a)Catherine of Austria(b.1530)
7a)Eleanor of Austria(b.1532)
8a)Stillborn son(1533)
1b)Margaret of Parma(b.1522)



Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke of Inner Austria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
1a)Stillborn Daughter(1521)
1b)John of Austria(b.1523, d.1523)
2b)Ferdinand of Austria(b.1525)
3b)Eleanor of Austria(b.1526, d.1526)
4b)Margaret of Austria(b.1528)
5b)Anna of Austria(b.1530)
6b)Frederick of Austria(b.1533)
Antoine of Austria, Duke of Württemberg (b.1512) m. Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Württemberg(b.1518) has issue
1)Franz von Habsburg(b.1535
2)Catherine von Habsburg(b.1537)
3)Stillborn son (1539)



House of Savoy
Phillibert II, Duke of Savoy(b.1480, r. from 1497, d.1539) m.Maria of Aragon, Duchess of Savoy(b.1482, d.1535), has mistress Teresa de Bivero, has issue by both
1a)Phillip of Savoy(b.1499) m.Susanna of Bavaria, (b.1502) has issue
2a)Margaret of Savoy(b.1501) m. William IV, Duke of Bavaria(b.1493) has issue
3a)Louis of Savoy(b.1503) m.Leonora Sforza
4a)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1504, d.1504)
5a)Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) m.Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510, d.1537), has issue
6a)Charles of Savoy(b.1508)
7a)John of Savoy(b.1510)
8a)Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511) m.Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)
9a)William of Savoy(b.1513)
10a)Emmanuel of Savoy(b.1515, d.1531)
1b)Agnes of Savoy(b.1511)
2b)Nicolas of Savoy(b.1516)


Duke Phillip III of Savoy(b.1499), m.Susanna of Bavaria, Duchess of Savoy(b.1502) has issue
1)Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) m. Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515), has issue
2)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1520)
3)Albert of Savoy(b.1522, d.1522)
4)Maria of Savoy(b.1524) eng.Prince Charles of France, Duke of Orleans(b.1522)
5)Matilda of Savoy(b.1527)
6)Isabella of Savoy(b.1529, d.1529)
7)Phillip of Savoy(b.1531, d.1531)
8)Anna of Savoy(b.1533)
9)John of Savoy(b.1534)
10)Robert of Savoy(b.1535)


Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) m. Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515), has issue also has illegitimate issue by mistress Anne Calthorpe(b.1520, d.1582)
1a)Phillip of Savoy(b.1533)
2a)Maria of Savoy(b.1535)
3a)Susanna of Savoy(b.1536, d.1536)
4a)Margaret of Savoy(b.1539)
1b)Charles of Savoy(b.1537)



House of Tudor
King Henry VII of England(b.1458 r. from 1485, d. 1509) m.Elizabeth of York Queen of England(b.1466, d.1511) had issue
1)Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales (b.1486, d. 1501) eng. Catherine of Aragon, died without issue
2)Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489) m.James IV Stuart, King of Scots(b.1473) had issue, 2nd marriage to John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) has issue
3)King Henry VIII of England(b.1491) m. Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485)
4)Mary Tudor, Princess of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496) m. King Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499)
5)Edward Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1499, d.1499)
6)Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Katherine Stafford, Duchess of Somerset (b.1499), has issue
7)Princess Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501), m. King Miguel I of Portugal has issue


King Henry VIII of England(b.1491, r.from 1509) m.Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485), has issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1506)
2)Stillborn daughter(1507)
3)Arthur, Prince of Wales(b.1509) m.Anne of Cleves(b.1515) has issue
1)Catherine of England(b.1532)
2)Miscarriage(1534)
3)Margaret of England(b.1535, d.1535)
4)Henry of England(b.1537)
5)William of England(b.1539)
4)Princess Mary of England(b.1510)m.Francis of Lorraine(b.1517) has issue
5)Prince Henry, Duke of York(b.1512) m.Amalia of Cleves(b.1517), has Lady Margaret "Madge" Shelton(b.1508) as a mistress, issue by both
1a)Henry Tudor(b.1535)
2a)Catherine Tudor(b.1538, d.1538)
1b)George FitzYork(b.1532)
2b)Elizabeth FitzYork(b.1535)
3b)Phillip FitzYork(b.1538)

6)Prince Edward of England, Duke of Richmond (b.1514)m.Mary Howard, Duchess of Richmond(b.1519)has issue
7)Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515)m. Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) has issue
8)Princess Edith of England(b.1519)eng.Prince John of Denmark(b.1518)
9)Miscarriage(1521)
10)Prince Thomas of England(b.1523)


Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Lady Katherine Stafford(b.1499), has issue
1)Elizabeth Tudor(b.1516, d.1516)
2)Stillborn daughter(1519)
3)Jasper Tudor(b.1521)
4)Edward Tudor(b.1525)
5)Henry Tudor(b.1527, d.1527)
6)Eleanor Tudor(b.1529)
7)Margaret Tudor(b.1531)

House of Borgia
Giovanni Borgia, Duke of Gandia(b.1474, d.1497, r. from 1488) m. Maria Enriquez de Luna(b.1474, d.1539) had issue
1)Juan Borgia y Enriquez, Duke of Gandia (b.1494)
2)Francisca de Jesus Borgia(b.1494)
3.Isabel de Borgia y Enriquez(b.1497)
Cesare Borgia, Gonfalnier of The Papal Armies and Duke of Romagna(b.1475, d.1508) m. Princess Charlotte of Naples(b.1480) had issue
1)Anna Borgia(b.1499)
2)Rodrigo Borgia(b.1501, d.1502)
3)Pedro Luis Borgia(b.1502)
4)Cesare Borgia(b.1504 d.1504)
5)Lucrezia Borgia(b.1507)


Gioffre Borgia, Duke of Alveito/Prince of Squlliace m.Sancha of Aragon(b.1478, d.1505 died without issue), 2nd m. Giovanna of Naples(b.1479, d.1539) has issue
1)Francesco Borgia(b.1507) m.Alessandra Sforza(b.1519) has issue
2)Francesca Borgia(b.1509, d.1509)
3)Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)m.Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511)
4)Ferdinand Borgia(b.1515)
5)Alfonso Borgia(b.1516, d.1517)
6)Miscarriage(1519)
7)Sibilia Borgia(b.1522)
1)Francesco Borgia(b.1507) m.Alessandra Sforza(b.1519) has issue
1)Isabella Boriga(b.1536, d.1536)
2)Gioffre Borgia(b.1538)



House of Aragon
Lucrezia Borgia Duchess of Montalnto(b.1480), m.Alfonso of Aragon(b. 1481 d.1508), m. Ferdinand of Aragon, Duke of Montalto(b.1482) has issue by both
1a)Rodrigo of Aragon(b.1499)
2a)Stillborn daughter(1501)
3a)Sancho of Aragon(b.1504)
4a)Misscarriage(1506)
5a)Alfonso of Aragon(b.1509)
1b)Giovanna of Aragon(b.1512)
2b)Anna of Aragon(b.1514, d.1514)
3b)Inés of Aragon(b.1517)



House of Sforza(Dukes of Milan)
Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan(b. 1452, r. from 1494, d.1515) m.Beatrice D’este, Duchess of Milan(b.1475, d.1534), took Lucrezia Crivelli(b.1452, d.1508) as a Mistress has issue by both
1a)Massimiliano Sforza(b.1493), m. to Infanta Isabella of Aragon(b.1498)
2a)Francesco Sforza(b.1495)
3a)Stillborn Son(1497)
4a)Leonora Sforza(b.1500) m. Louis of Savoy(b.1503)
5a)Miscarriage(1502)
6a)Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke of Inner Austria(b.1503) no living issue
7a)Ricciarda Sforza(b.1507)
8a)Niccolo Sforza(b.1509)
1b)Giovanni Paolo Sforza(b.1497)

Massimiliano Sforza Duke of Milan(b.1493, d.1538) m.Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) had issue
1)Ludovico Sforza(b.1513), m. Princess Renee of France(b.1510)
2)Miscarriage(1514)
3)Francesco Sforza(b.1516)
4)Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) eng.Crown Prince Sigismund of Poland(b.1519)
5)Alessandra Sforza(b.1519)
6)Stillborn daughter(1521)
7)Caterina Sforza(b.1522)
8)Agnese Sforza(b.1524, d.1524)
9)Giovanni Sforza(b.1526, d.1526)
10)Martino Sforza(b.1529)

Ludovico II Sforza, Duke of Milan(b.1513) m.Princess Renne of France, Duchess of Milan (b.1510) has issue
1)Isabella Sforza(b.1530)
2)Beatrice Sforza(b.1532)
3)Massimiliano Sforza(b.1533)
4)Anna Sforza(b.1535)
5)Stillborn Son(1537)
6)Camilla Dorotea Sforza(b.1539)


House of Valois
Louis XII of France(b.1462) m.Anne of Brittany, Queen of France(b.1477, d.1514) had issue
1a)Claude of France, Duchess of Brittany(b.1499) m. Francis I of France(b.1494)
2a)Miscarriage(1500)
3a)Miscarriage(1503)
4a)Princess Marie of France m.Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Inner Austriab.1505) has issue
5a)Stillborn son(1508)
6a)Princess Renee of France, Duchess of Milan(b.1510) m.Ludovico II Sforza, Duke of Milan
7a)Stillborn son(1512)

King Francis I of France(b.1494, r from 1515) m.Claude of France, Queen of France(b.1499, d.1522) had issue, m. Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France(b.1512) has issue
1a)Princess Louise of France(b.1516, d.1517)
2a)Princess Charlotte of France(b.1516, d.1524)
3a)Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518), m.Elisabeth of Austria(b.1520) has issue
4a)Prince Henri, Duke of Anjou(b.1519, d.1533)
5a)Princess Madeline of France, Queen of Scots(b.1520, d.1539), m. King James V of Scotland(b.1515) had issue
6a)Prince Charles, Duke of Orleans(b.1521) m.Maria of Savoy, Duchess of Orleans(b.1524)
7a)Princess Marguerite of France(b.1522) m.Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523)
1b)Prince Jean, Duke of Anjou(b.1529)
2b)Prince Louis(b.1531, d.1531)
3b)Princess Joan(b.1533)
4b)Princess Agnes(b.1536)
5b)Miscarriage(1538)
Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518), m.Elisabeth of Austria(b.1520) has issue
1)Anne of France (b.1536, d.1536)
2)Louis of France (b.1538)
House of Bourbon


Suzanne, Duchess of Burbon(b.1491, d.1516) m.Charles III, Duke of Bourbon(b.1490, d.1529) had issue
1)Miscarriage(1507)
2)Miscarriage(1510)
3)Miscarriage(1511)
4)Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514)
5)Anne de Bourbon, Duchess of Longueville(b.1516)
6)Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1516), m. Jean de Foix
Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514) m.Isabella de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon (ATL cousin of Gaston de Foix) (b.1513, d.1530) 2nd. marriage to Eleanor de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon(b.1517) issue by both
1a)Charles de Bourbon(b.1528, d.1528)
2a)Stilbborn daughter(1529)
3a)Suzanne de Bourbon(b.1530
1b)Anne de Bourbon(b.1533)
2b)Jean de Bourbon(b.1535)
3b)Louis de Bourbon(b.1537, d.1537)
4b)Gaston de Bourbon(b.1539, d.1539)

House de Foix
Gaston de Foix, Duke of Nemours(b.1489) m. Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne(b.1496) has issue
1)Jean de Foix(b.1516) m. Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1515) has issue
2)Eleanor de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon(b.1517) m.Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514) has issue
3)Marie de Foix(b.1519, d.1519)
4)Charles de Foix(b.1522)
5)Louis de Foix(b.1525)
Jean de Foix(b.1516) m. Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1515) has issue
1)Anne de Foix(b.1533)
2)Stillborn son(1535)
3)Marie de Foix(b.1537)
4)Louise de Foix(b.1539)

House of Lorraine
Francis of Lorraine(b.1517) m.Mary of England(b.1510) has issue
1)Miscarriage(1533)
2)Charles of Lorraine(b.1535)
3)Renata of Lorraine(b.1537, d.1537)
4)Antoine of Lorraine(b.1539, d.1539)


House of Stuart
King James IV of Scotland(b.1473, d.1516) m. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489), had issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1509)
2) Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay(b.1512-d.1512)
3)James V of Scotland(b.1515) m.Madeline of France, Queen of Scots(b.1520, d.1539) had issue
4)Prince Alexander, Duke of Ross(b.1516)
John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) m. Margaret Tudor(b.1489), Queen mother of Scotland and Duchess of Albany, has issue
1)Robert Stuart(b.1518)
2)David Stuart(b.1520, d.1520)
3)Annabella Stuart(b.1522)
King James V of Scotland(b.1515) m.Madeline of France, Queen of Scots,(b.1520, d.1539) had issue
1)Miscarriage(1537)
2)James, Duke of Ross(b.1539)


House d’Este
Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara(b.1476, d.1534) m.Anna Sforza(b.1476. d.1497, no living issue) 2nd m.Bona Sforza, Duchess of Ferrara(b.1494) had issue
1)Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
2)Eleanora d’Este(b.1515)
3)Isabella d’Este(b.1518)
4)Stillborn daughter(1520)
5)Ippolito d’Este(b.1523, d.1523)
6)Miscarriage (1525)
7)Ippolita d’Este(b.1527)eng.Vladisalus, Crown Prince of Bohemia and Hungary(b.1528)

Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
1)Alfonso d’Este(b.1528)
2)Ippolito d'Este(b.1530, d.1530)
3)Carlo d'Este(b.1533)
4)Bona d’Este(b.1535)
5)Stillborn son(1537)
6)Giovanna d’Este(b.1539)

House De Medici
Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510, r.from 1526, d.1537) m.Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) has issue also has illgetimate issue by illegitamte sister-in-law, Agnes of Savoy(b.1511)
1a)Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527) eng. Infanta Juana of Aragon(b.1521)
2a)Piero de Medici(b.1528, d.1528)
3a)Alfonsina de Medici(b.1530)
4a)Maria de Medici(b.1532)
5a)Miscarriage(1534)
6a)Simone de Medici(b.1535)
7a)Isabella de Medici(b.1537)
1b)Alessandro de Medici(b.1535)
2b)Teresa de Medici(b.1537)


Neapolitan House of Trastámara
King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488, r.from 1507) m.Maria of Aragon, Queen of Naples(b.1503), has issue
1)Princess Isabella of Naples(b.1520)
2)Miscarriage (1521)
3)Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523) m.Princess Margurite of France(b.1522)
4)Prince Pedro of Naples(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Prince Alfonso of Naples(b.1527)
6)Prince Giovanni of Naples(b.1530)
7)Stillborn Daughter(1532)
8)Princess Margherita of Naples(b.1537)
Bastard issue by Flora Strozzi(b.1499)
1b)Leonora of Aragon(b.1524)
2b)Carlos of Aragon(b.1528)
3b)Antonio of Aragon(b.1529, d.1529)
4b)Ricciarda of Aragon(b.1532)
5b)Ippolita of Aragon(b.1535)


House of Wittelsbach
Duke William IV of Bavaria(b.1493) m.Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Bavaria(b.1501), has issue
1)Miscarriage(1518)
2)Theodor of Bavaria(b.1520, d.1533)
3)Albert of Bavaria(b.1523) m.Princess Christina of Denmark(b.1522)
4)Kunigunde of Bavaria(b.1525, d.1525)
5)William of Bavaria(b.1528, d.1529)
6)Wilhemina of Bavaria(b.1532)


House of Oldenburg
King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) m.Isabella of Austria, Queen of Denmark(b.1501, d.1536), second marriage to Ricciarda of Milan, Queen of Denmark(b.1507)
1a)Prince John of Denmark(b.1518) m.Princess Edith of England(b.1519) has issue
2a)Prince Phillip Ferdinand of Denmark(b.1519, d.1520)
3a)Prince Maximillian(b.1519, d.1519)
4a)Princess Dorothea of Denmark(b.1520)
5a)Princess Christina of Denmark(b.1522)
6a)Stillborn son(1523)
7a)Prince Phillip of Denmark(b.1527)
8a)Stillborn daughter(1530)
1b)Prince Christian(b.1538, d.1538)
Crown Prince John of Denmark(b.1518) m.Edith of England(b.1519) has issue
1)Christian of Denmark(b.1536)
2)Prince Frederick(b.1539, d.1539)


House Vasa
King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496) m.Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) has issue
1)Prince Erik, Duke of Kalmar(b.1530)
2)Princess Barbara(b.1532)


House Jagellion(Poland)
King Sigismund I “The Old” of Poland(b.1467) m.Barbara Zapoyla, Queen of Poland(b.1495, d.1515) had issue. 2nd marriage to Eleanor of Austria(b.1498), Queen of Poland, has issue
1a)Princess Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) m. King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496)
2a)Princess Anna of Poland(b.1515, d.1520)
1b)Sigismund, Crown Prince of Poland(b.1519), m.Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) has issue
2b)Miscarriage(1522)
3b)Princess Isabella of Poland(b.1524)
4b)Princess Sophia of Poland(b.1526)
5b)Prince Wojech of Poland(b.1527, d.1527)
6b)Prince Casimir(b.1530)
Sigismund, Crown Prince of Poland(b.1519), m.Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) has issue, also has issue by mistress Barbara Radziwiłł
1a)Anna of Poland(b.1535)
2a)Sigismund of Poland(b.1537)
3a)Casimir of Poland(b.1539, d.1539)
1b)Wojech Jagellion(b.1536)


House Jagellion (Hungary)
King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506, r.from 1516) m.Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) has issue
1)Stillborn son(b.1523)
2)Princess Catherine of Hungary(b.1526)eng.Maximillian of Austria(b.1526)
3)Prince Vladislaus of Hungary(b.1528)eng.Ippolita d'Este(b.1527)
4)Prince Alexander of Hungary(b.1530, d.1531)
5)Princess Anne of Hungary(b.1531)
6)Princess Joanna of Hungary(b.1533, d.1533)
7)Princess Alexandra(b.1537)


House Vasa
King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496) m.Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) has issue
1)Prince Eric, Duke of Kalamr(b.1530)
2)Princess Barbara(b.1532)
3)Princess Anna(b.1534)
4)Prince John, Duke of Finland(b.1535)
5)Prince Sigismund, Duke of Ostergotland(b.1537)
6)Prince Charles(b.1539, d.1539)

Impressive trees.

Although I've some doubts about few of these matches, especially about Gustav Vasa getting hand of Hedwig Jagiellon: Gustav was regarded as low born usurper by other European monarchs (his sons, being second generation on the throne, were in better situation) and Sigismund, as staunch Catholic, would not be willing to marry daughter to Protestant (Joachim Hohenzollern was another story, as he was able to play good Catholic when it served his interests, Gustav was more open about his protestantism).

Also, Wojciech Jagiellon should be renamed Olbracht (Albert). Youngest son of Sigismund the Old, Born prematurely in 1527, was named Olbracht, Wojciech is misinterpretation present in some sources due to fact that Slavic name Wojciech has the same meaning as Germanic Adalbert.

 

[Awkwardvulture]

Impressive trees.

Although I've some doubts about few of these matches, especially about Gustav Vasa getting hand of Hedwig Jagiellon: Gustav was regarded as low born usurper by other European monarchs (his sons, being second generation on the throne, were in better situation) and Sigismund, as staunch Catholic, would not be willing to marry daughter to Protestant (Joachim Hohenzollern was another story, as he was able to play good Catholic when it served his interests, Gustav was more open about his protestantism).

Also, Wojciech Jagiellon should be renamed Olbracht (Albert). Youngest son of Sigismund the Old, Born prematurely in 1527, was named Olbracht, Wojciech is misinterpretation present in some sources due to fact that Slavic name Wojciech has the same meaning as Germanic Adalbert.

Well here Gustav, while still a Protestant, essentially creates a Church that keeps most Catholic doctrine, while Sigismund seeks to drive a wedge between the three Scandinavian nations, to keep one from over another... I will fix Wojech then.. Thank you very much!

 

[Awkwardvulture]

In Spain, at the Duchy of Cadiz, Sancho of Cadiz would sire his second child with Isabel Osario, this time a son, much to the envy of his wife Catherine de Medici, who, as of now had only one living daughter with Sancho. This bastard named Enrique de Trastámara would be born on May 6th, ironically in the same month that it has been speculated that he and his wife conceived their fourth child. Speaking of Catherine de Medici, it was during this time that the disillusioned woman would develop a close friendship with her uncle by marriage, King Ferdinand VI. This, however, would pose some complications for Catherine for several reasons. First of these, was that she would develop something of a rivalry in precedence with Queen Philiberta, who was determined to maintain her position as the foremost woman in Spanish court. Indeed, by the logic of the time, Catherine should have had a relatively low rank in Spanish court, behind not only the Queen but behind the many Infantas(that is the daughters, aunts and sisters of the king), the Queen Mother, Margaret of Austria, as well as the King’s nieces. Of course, there would also be a clash of personalities between her and Philiberta as well, for just like she once did with her stepdaughter-in-law, Philiberta blamed Catherine for having an unfaithful husband. Another, rather large complication of this closeness was rumored that she and the King of Spain were having an affair. These were not true, and only Queen Philiberta seemed to believe them, another point of contention between the two. In fact, the friendship between Catherine de Medici and Ferdinand VI was just friendship, for the King appreciated Catherine’s intelligence and the humility with which she acted towards him, while Catherine was grateful for the fact that he had repeatably chastised her husband for having illegitimate children.

In Portugal, at the Ribeira on August 23rd, Isabella of Aragon, the Queen Mother of Portugal, would pass from this world, at the impressive age of seventy. She died of Influenza, the illness that she held great disdain for, as it had caused her to miscarry her first pregnancy, it was reported that after taking ill, at the beginning of August she said,”Of all the illnesses, it had to be this damned one.” Her funeral was one of splendor, for she was a woman of great prestige throughout her life, who held several important roles. From eldest daughter of the Catholic Monarchs to Princess of Portugal, then Regent of Aragon who chased off the French and finally Queen of Portugal. In short, it can definitively be said that Isabella of Aragon lead an interesting life, and though her children and grandchildren mourned her greatly, they appreciated the love and sage advice that she had provided to them. Truthfully, other than the manner of her death, Isabella was likely in fairly good spirits when she passed, for years beforehand, she had been able to meet the first three of her great-grandchildren: Ferdinand of Beja (b.1539), Catarina of Braganza(b.1540) as well as Maria of Menezes(b.1541). This also symbolized the fact an entire generation was either dead or growing old, after all, three of the five children of the Catholic Monarchs were now dead, with only Juana of Aragon, Dowager Holy Roman Empress and Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England, still living.

Across the Pyrenees, in France, there was to be a duo of royal births and a miscarriage. Firstly, in February, Maria of Savoy, Duchess of Orleans would miscarry her first child by Prince Charles, Duke of Orleans. To his credit, the Royal Duke did not stray from his wife in this emotional time, and the once immature young man took great efforts to comfort his “grand amour” that is, his great love.

The other two pregnancies were those of Queen Blanca, and the Dauphine Elisabeth of Austria. The Queen's pregnancy would be the first to reach it ends, as on July 31st barely a year after her previous pregnancy Blanca of Aragon gave birth to her third son(though second living son, and penultimate child, Prince Henri, named for his elder half-brother that Blanca adored, who would be styled as Prince Henri, Duc d’Angouleme as he came of age fifteen years later, when he would marry his second cousin, Catherine of Lorraine(b.1541). The Dauphine for her part would give birth on November 11th, to a second son who she and Francis would name Charles, for her father, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, as well as the Dauphin’s only living full brother, Charles, Duc d’Orleans. The births of Henri and Charles would take place at the Château de Fontainebleau, and the boys, half-uncle, and nephew would go on to cultivate a close friendship in the coming years.

The House de Foix would welcome another member into its ranks with the birth of Gaston de Foix, for after ten years of marriage, Jean de Foix, heir to the Duchy of Nemours, and Charlotte de Bourbon finally had a son on June 1st.

In Lorraine on June 4th, Francis of Lorraine and Mary of England would have their fourth child that would come to term, a daughter named Catherine for her beloved mother, which the Princess described as ” Joyous and long-awaited" in a letter to her parents. As previously mentioned, Catherine of Lorraine was betrothed to her second cousin Prince Henri of France from birth.

Across the English Channel, there was a tumult of events. Firstly, in Greenwich Palace, a grand wedding was to be held. That wedding was the second marriage of Prince Edmund, Duke of Somerset, age forty-one, only living brother of King Henry VIII. He was wed to his late wife’s ward, the longtime orphan, Catherine Howard, then eighteen in the month of February. The circumstances surrounding the wedding are rather famous amongst more romantic circles, despite the age difference between Edmund and Catherine. It has been said that just a month before, when Edmund had offered to arrange for an advantageous marriage for the young woman, as he had for her brother Charles, who in the previous year had been married to Bridget Plantagenet, and had been appointed Lord Deputy of Calais, at the suggestion of his mentor the Duke. Catherine then surprised Duke Edmund by proposing that she marry him, embracing him, and promising to give him love, children and that as a stepmother she would deeply respect his children(several of whom were older than her, and her stepson Jasper had at this point been married to Frances de Vere for four years.) by the late Duchess Katherine Stafford. The Duke then asked if she was sure , and then we she reaffirmed her feelings for him, he decided they would be wed. In fact, the two were passionately in love, and in less than a year of the marriage, Catherine Howard would give birth to a son named Edmund, on November 1st, named for both her father, and her husband. It was a few weeks after this that her brother George Howard would benefit from his brother-in-law and mentor’s largesse and influence, for he, then seventeen, married to the fourteen-year-old Elizabeth FitzGerald, known as the “Fair Geraldine” with whom he would have seven children. George would later serve as a knight in the King’s armies, and would be granted a fine manor, and license to sell Gascon wine by the King, who was brother-in-law to his sister.

In York, on October 21st, Prince Henry, Duke of York, and Amalia of Cleves had their fourth child, a son named John, who having been born two months early, would die in infancy just a day after his birth.

To the north in Scotland, at Methven Castle in Perthshire, Margaret Tudor, eldest of the Tudors would pass from this world, after suffering a stroke on October 18th, dying at the age of fifty-one. It was said that her son, James V was greatly distressed by her death, as it had occurred just two years after the death of his first wife, Madeline of Valois.

On the opposite side of the North Sea, in Copenhagen Denmark, there was to be yet another royal birth, as on January 17th, Edith of England and Crown Prince John would have their third child, a son named John after the Crown Prince.

To the east across the Oresund strait King Gustav I would have yet another child with Hedwig of Poland Queen of Sweden, the Princess Cecilia born on November 16th, named for her paternal grandmother Cecilia Månsdotter, who had been terribly treated during her imprisonment by King Christian II of Denmark and died many years prior.

To the south, in Poland, Bianca Maria Sforza, Crown Princess of Poland by virtue of her marriage to Crown Prince Sigismund would miscarry a child in June, at Crackow, causing her husband to pay a visit to his mistress Barbara Radziwiłł, which would result in the birth of an illegitimate child in the next year.

In the Holy Roman Empire, at Vienna, the Archduke Maximillian of Austria, second son of Charles V and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary was wed to his double-first-cousin, Princess Catherine of Hungary in an elaborate ceremony in the month of November, in which the parents of both bride and groom were in attendance. The couple while rather happy with each other, would have only two living children, out of five pregnancies, possibly due to their close kinship (1). Their children were: Ludwig(b.1543), Maria(b.1545, d.1545), Charles(b.1548, d.1548). Anna(b.1550) and Joanna(b.1556, d.1556).

Across the Alps, in Milan, Duke Ludovico II of Milan and Renee of France would have their final child on March 25th, a daughter named Claudia for her late sister: Claude of Brittany, Queen of France.

(1) Yes I’m trying to reduce the number of first-cousin marriages, but made an exception given that Louis II of Hungary and Mary of Austria only have one living son, so they would marry their eldest daughter off to a Habsburg in case Vladislaus dies childless

Catherine de Medici, as depicted in the series The Trastámaras after finding out her husband Sancho had another bastard child

Prince Edmund, Duke of Somerset and Catherine Howard, Duchess of Somerset in the period romance film, Edmund and Catherine

Mary Tudor, Duchess of Lorraine, as depicted in French period film, Duchesse Marie following the birth of Catherine of Lorraine

PS: Once more because of image limits, another post will cover some other portraits...

 

[Awkwardvulture]

Elizabeth Fitzgerald, wife of George Howard

George Howard, brother of Catherine Howard, Duchess of Somerset

Princess Catherine of Hungary

Archduke Maximillian of Austria

 

[HortenseMancini]

a daughter named Claudia for her late mother

I think you mean for her late sister...

In York, on October 21st, Prince Henry, Duke of York, and Amalia of Cleves had their fourth child, a son named John, who having been born two months early, would die in infancy just a day after his birth.

Seems that the Cleves sisters and Catherine de'Medici share much in common ITTL - unfaithful husbands and unhealthy children.

 

[Awkwardvulture]

I think you mean for her late sister...

Seems that the Cleves sisters and Catherine de'Medici share much in common ITTL - unfaithful husbands and unhealthy children.

Thank you for pointing that out, I can't believe I didn't see it in the first place... You are certainly right, in what Amalia of Cleves shares with Catherine de Medici, though Amalia is a bit more tolerant of her husband's infidelity than Catherine is... Anne ironically enough enjoys a fairly loving match with Arthur, Prince of Wales, who has been faithful so far, though Anne has had some pretty bad luck with children too, three of her six pregnancies have either ended in a dead child or miscarriage...

 

[Prince of Permsia]

Cool Story. I would like to hear more about the French Court, especially the relationship between the King and Queen.

 

[Awkwardvulture]

Cool Story. I would like to hear more about the French Court, especially the relationship between the King and Queen.

Thank you so much for your praise!!! I will describe it in detail soon, probably in the next update.. Essentially:Queen Blanca loves King Francis dearly, and though Francis was initially annoyed by his young wife's enthusiasm he bears some respect towards her, though he still has his mistresses... There was also some resentment towards Blanca becauee Francis was essentially forced to marry her after losing his Italian war against her brother...

 

[Prince of Permsia]

Makes sense. Are these mistresses the same as his IRL ones?

 

[Awkwardvulture]

Makes sense. Are these mistresses the same as his IRL ones?

Yes they are, though he dosen't quite throw them in his wife's face like he did to Eleanor of Austria...

 

[Awkwardvulture]

Once more in Spain, a major event would occur in Cadiz, with the birth of a fourth child to Sancho of Cadiz and Catherine de Medici. This birth would occur on January 26th, and the result: A living son. The first instinct of the King’s nephew was to name the boy Juan Carlos, after his own father, the Duke of Cadiz, but his Medici wife, in a particular bout of stubbornness refused to name her son after the man who, in her eyes, encouraged her husbands infidilty. Events came to such a head, that Catherine threatened to take her two children, and leave for the Alcázar of the Toledo where her “Querida madre” that is her beloved mother, Margaret of Austria (Who had raised Catherine as her own) spent the winter months. Eventually, after fiery rows between Catherine and her husband, in which each slapped the other, a compromise was decided, their son would be named Juan, for his great-grandfather, King Juan III of Spain. It shortly after his time that Catherine de Medici nearly had an affair, with her husband’s uncle King Ferdinand VI, during a visit to meet the newborn baby. One of her ladies Maria de Lara wrote in her diary, which was naturally well hidden,”My Medici lady gave his majesty a rather unchaste kiss, which he returned with some vigor but she then pulled away apologizing.”


Across the Pyrenees Mountains, in France, there were to some notable happenings. The first of which was perhaps a rather odd one, a friendship between Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France, and one of King Francis’s mistresses. Said mistress, was the young and beautiful Claude de Rohan-Gié, just twenty-three years old. The two did seem to genuinely be friends, for Blanca was used to her older husband’s infidelity, and appreciated Claude’s meek nature, something that she shared with the younger woman.

What Blanca did not appreciate, was the Duchesse d’Etampes, Anne de Pisseleu d'Heilly, who acted as if she were a member of the King’s government, dissuading him from a match between the King and Queen’s youngest daughter, Catherine of Valois and the eldest son of the Prince of Wales. Bitter at the loss of potential Queenship for her daughter, Blanca solicited the aid of the Dauphin Francis, and Dauphine Elisabeth, both of whom detested the Duchesse d’Estampes, for her arrogance and Huguenot beliefs(which Blanca herself, a dutiful Catholic also opposed). Thus, a plot was hatched, the removal of the Duchesse from court once for all. To do so, the Dauphin Francis directed his partisans in court, which included members of the prominent Guise family, to discredit Anne de Pisseleu d'Heilly. At first, there were ludicrous rumors that no one in their right mind would believe, such as accusations that she was involved in the occult. What finally stuck was when an Iconoclast pamphlet was found in the Duchesse’s chambers, which caused King Francis, a lukewarm Catholic, but a Catholic nonetheless to banish the Duchesse d’Etampes from court forever. The lady Claude would benefit from this herself, being appointed maîtresse-en-titre to the King and would use her influence to boost the Queen’s agenda. Unfortunately this would not revive negotiations between Francis I and Henry VIII over a potential betrothal between his grandson and Francis’s youngest daughter, but Blanca was satisfied that she would no longer have a rival that was trying to hurt her children’s prospects of a good marriage.

In the Duchy of Bourbon Duke Peter III de Bourbon and Eleanor de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon would have another child on October 5th,, a daughter named Marie for Eleanor’s only sister, Marie de Foix, who died in infancy over twenty years ago.

In Lorraine on July 20th, Francis of Lorraine and Mary of England would have their fifth and penultimate child, a daughter named Isabella after Mary’s paternal and maternal grandmothers, who both had variants of the name.

Across the English channel, at Windsor Castle there would be an addition to the English royal family, For on June 23rd, the twenty-seven-year-old Princess of Wales, Anne of Cleves gave birth to her sixth and final child, a daughter named Philippa. The name was rather unconventional, but it was said that Anne decided to give her daughter the name for Philippa of Hainault, one of her favorite English Queens, second only to her mother-in-law Catherine of Aragon.
In the Duchy of Somerset, Jasper Tudor, heir to his father’s duchy, and nephew of the English King would have his second child, and eldest son, named Henry, on May 4th, by his wife Frances de Vere.


To the North, In Scotland, at Holyrood Palace King James V and Isabella of Navarre would have their first child on September 7th, a daughter named Mary, for the King of Scot's aunt, the late Mary Tudor, Queen of Spain. Tragically the child would catch a mysterious illness and die about a month later, on November 9th.

Back in Continental Europe there was to be a few important events, specifically in Italy. Firstly, in Florence, the fifteen-year-old Duke Lorenzo III of Florence was wed to Juana of Aragon, eldest surviving daughter of King Ferdinand VI of Spain, age twenty. The Ducal couple seemed very enamored with one another, and the Dowager Duchess Louise couldn’t help but feel a mixture of pride and envy. Pride, that her son did not seem to be the womanizer his dead father was, but envious that Lorenzo and Juana were to have a far happier marriage than she did. It was just after this wedding, that Lorenzo was given the title Grand Duke of Florence, by Pope Paul III befitting his status as a nephew of the Duke of Savoy, a descendant of the Catholic Monarchs and son-in-law to the King of Spain.


To the South, in Naples, Frederick, Duke of Calabria and Marguerite of France would have their first child, a son named Ferdinand (Italianized as Ferdinando) on April 7th to the great happiness of the boy’s parents and grandparents
In Bavaria, in the month of March, Albert of Bavaria and Christina of Denmark would lose their first child, for she would suffer a tragic miscarriage, and there were some concerns over the House of Wittelsbach’s future, as the childless and young Albert was his father’s only legitimate son. Still, the young man urged his father to be patient, and defended his wife when William IV berated her for losing the unborn child, sparking what would prove to be a deadly hatred between father and son.
In the Americas, there are some colonial happenings in this year, chiefly amongst the Spanish and the French, though there were to be some new arrivals as well…


The Spanish would seek to establish themselves north of Florida, as, despite the failure of the San Miguel de Gualdape settlement (due to infighting and disease), they still saw some promise in northward expansion. This second attempt would far more successful, for the Spanish had greater knowledge of the area, and locals, as well as far better leadership than that of the much-maligned Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón. The expedition of one hundred men, and thirty women, was led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, who had become famous for his work in faith healing, and in building good relations in Florida, a success he would repeat in this region. The resulting city, built on an island near the Atlantic coast would be named San Catalina de Gualdape, for Saint Catherine of Siena. De Vaca would find convenient allies in the Guale people, who Spaniards would utilize as auxiliaries in their wars to expel the more hostile Timucua tribes, and of course, there would be quite a bit of intermarriage between the Spanish and Guale. Economically the region would prove excellent for agriculture, especially the cultivation of Cotton, a cash crop, which, due to it’s labor intensiveness, would be worked either by paid laborers or enslaved natives who had fought against the Spanish and their allies, the latter of which was more common, and despite the rules of the Córdoba Decree, would prove infamous.

The French, in their endeavor to expand northward via the Cartier river, would establish many lucrative farms and plantations, especially focusing on Tobacco using mostly paid and indentured labor along with some Lenape unfortunate enough to be enslaved. The French would coalesce their northern efforts as far north as the city of Printemps Froid(1). French efforts were no doubt helped by the patronage of King Francis, who saw the prospect of wealthy colonies worth the coin it took to outfit his colonists. Indeed, many French landowners and merchants in Nouvelle Angouleme were doing quite well for themselves, as the demand for tobacco grew across Europe.

The newcomer to the game of Colonialism, was Norway, for Prime Minister Henrik Nielsen heard of the profits and conversions achieved by other Europeans with envy, and so decided that his Republic would not abstain from such efforts. Norway of course, had a rather small population compared to many other nations, with only about 300,000 citizens. Still, the Norwegians were determined, as they were in their war against the absolutist Oldenburgs’ in the war of the independence decades prior… However, even though the Norwegians have always been a seafaring people, the Prime Minister decided to hire a foreigner with expertise flowing through his veins to captain the expedition: Vicente Corte-Real.

Vincente was a Portuguese man, an illegitimate son of Gaspar Corte-Real, born in 1499, before his father’s final, and presumably fatal expedition. Despite being a member of the prominent family, Vincente, frankly, an inconvenient bastard was mostly ignored by his paternal family and was brought up by his maternal grandfather, after his mother, Luisa died when he was seven. After his grandfather (a blacksmith) died a few years later, Vincente received a modest inheritance and would become a sailor in the Portuguese Navy for many years. In 1538, Vincente was caught up in a scandal, after sleeping with the wife of the man who captained the Galleon in which he served, and had to flee Portugal, deciding to move to distant Norway, where he felt he would be safe from the wrath of the jealous husband. From then on he served in the Norwegian Republican Navy with some competence, being promoted to Midshipman after a year’s service, and even settling down by marrying a young Norwegian woman, Marthe Eskildsdotter(b.1520) in 1539.

Approached with the offer of a commission as Captain to lead the expedition, with a fleet of ten caravels at his disposal, with equipment and belongings of four hundred landless people, often entire families from the poorest regions of Norway, to settle the lands that they discover. Specifically, the Norwegians aimed to settle the area north of England’s colonies in the New World, far enough away so as not to provoke them, but also in hopes of finding a northern passage to the lands of Asia. Thus, in the beginning of May, the Norwegian ships, under Captain Vincente Corte-Real set out for distant shores. The voyage was rough, and two vessels were badly damaged and forcing a delay to make repairs in Iceland. Still, after two and a half grueling months, in which a dozen died of disease, the Norwegian Expedition made landfall.

What they found was a place not unlike their homeland in weather conditions: The summer was fortunately warm, with boreal forests, while wildlife, especially bear, moose and deer seemed to strive. The Norwegians encountered the local Inuit people, and while the two groups initially left each other alone, they soon engaged in sporadic trade, and while efforts to convert them to Pederssonism (Norwegian Anabaptism) were mostly unsuccessful, the colonists and natives soon developed an amicable relationship, though tragically the Inuit would be decimated by European diseases, with an estimated thirty-five percent of the population dying. The city that was founded would be named VincentFjord (2) after the man who discovered the lands. Speaking of which, over his lifetime, Captain Vincente Corte-Real would make five more voyages, his last one occurring in 1559, when he was sixty, and he would be given a generous pension in retirement, dying a wealthy national hero in 1570, at the age of seventy-one. In the Norwegian Colonies, the style of governance reflected the Republican ideals: A Governor is elected to serve as chief executive, while a local Chamber of Representatives is elected among the populace to represent the interests of the people: With the Norwegian Bill of rights and Constitution both enforced.

(1) OTL Cold Spring
(2) OTL Makkovik, in Labrador Canada

Claude de Rohan-Gié, maîtresse-en-titre of Francis I of France

Anne de Pisseleu d'Heilly, Duchesse d'Etampes

Juana of Aragon, Grand Duchess of Florence

Lorenzo III, Grand Duke of Florence

 

[Prince of Permsia]

Glad to see some more French stuff. Lots of countries are establishing themselves in the New World. Spain might have to take action to defend it's turf. At the very least the Norwegians seem internationally isolated, so kicking them out shouldn't be too hard. But on the other hand Norway is so small and weak, and it's colony so far away from Spain's main areas of control, that expelling them might not be worth the hassle.

 

[Awkwardvulture]

Glad to see some more French stuff. Lots of countries are establishing themselves in the New World. Spain might have to take action to defend it's turf. At the very least the Norwegians seem internationally isolated, so kicking them out shouldn't be too hard. But on the other hand Norway is so small and weak, and it's colony so far away from Spain's main areas of control, that expelling them might not be worth the hassle.

Thank you very much, if there's anything else you want me to go more depth in let me know... The lack of several european powers not settling North America was always somewhat suprising to me. The Norwegian colonies are definitely not going to be the size of say Spain or France's colonies, but their very presence shows that the Norwegians do not want to be left behind. As for the reactions of other European powers, for now it's nothing... France, Spain and Portugal don't really care about what they see as a frozen hellhole that is fairly far away from their own colonies in North America(France has OTL southern New York, Spain has Florida and is working on the OTL deep South, while the Portuguese, naturally, aren't in the North at all). Those that are more likely to care are the English, who assumed that OTL Canada would be exclusively their own(They have the OTL areas of the Maritimes, Newfoundland and areas of southern Quebec around the OTL St.Lawrence river) so there is the possibility of conflict between Norway and England over their possessions in North America.. The Norwegian however, won't be the only new addition in North America in the coming decades.... Thank you again, I appreciate any input!!!

 

[Awkwardvulture]

In Spain this year, there was to be a wedding, one of great significance in the Iberian Peninsula, and, to a lesser extent, all of Christendom. On July 20th, in the Alcázar of Segovia, in northern Spain Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, and Jeanne d’Albert, Princess of Viana (known by her Basque and Spanish subjects as Joana Albretekoa and Juana de Albret respectively) were wed in an extravagant ceremony at the very same chapel where Alfonso’s parents, Ferdinand VI and Mary of England were wed over twenty years ago. This wedding only took place due to a fair amount of bribery and diplomatic deviousness on the part of the King of Spain and his son. Originally, Jeanne d’Albert was forced into marriage with the much older Duke of Cleves by her uncle, King Francis I of France. Jeanne, however, was miserable in her first marriage, and it was not consummated at all in the few years it existed because of the young age of Jeanne, and her hatred of the first match. Pope Paul III, normally indifferent to the requests of the King of Spain, approved of an annulment, brokered by the paying of substantial bribes to the Pope, as well as a marriage between the King’s nephew: Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo(b.1526), heir to the Duke of Alba, and Pope Paul’s granddaughter, Silvia Farnese(b.1528), the only child of his son Paolo Farnese, who died of dysentery three years prior. The King of France for his part, provided his ascent to his niece’s second marriage. There are several reasons why King Francis I allowed this marriage. Firstly, King Francis felt guilty over the fact that his beloved sister Marguerite’s only child, felt so unhappy with her marriage to the Duke of Cleves. Secondly, The King of France began to view the Duke William of Cleves (who would remarry to Wilhelmina of Bavaria) as a liability, given that the Duke stood to be uncle of the next King of England, through his nephew Henry, the eldest son of the Prince of Wales. Also, it helped that Francis was being influenced by three of the most important women in his life: His wife Blanca, wanting to see her nephew well married, his sister Marguerite, who relished the opportunity to have her daughter one day become Queen of Spain, and his maîtresse-en-titre Claude Rohan-Gié, who always wanted to assist her Queen in all of her endeavors. Thus, the second wedding took place, with the condition that the second son of the union would receive his mother’s lands in Lower Navarre, that is: all lands held by the Kingdom of Navarre north of the Pyrenees Mountains. The Dauphin, however, who normally aligned with his beloved stepmother, was furious, as he did not want the Kingdom of Navarre to go to a Spaniard. Little would they know that this particular condition in the marriage contract would cause discord and bloodshed in the decades to come…


The bride was just fourteen while the groom had turned twenty in January, despite the six-year age gap, the two seemed to like each other well enough. Both were intelligent and capable heirs to their respective kingdoms. The two were also well suited in looks, Alfonso was slight and short, and dark-haired while Jeanne was pretty, though frail and short, with dark red hair.
Politically, it helped that Alfonso had promised her father, King Henri II of Navarre, that he would respect both the Cortes of Navarre, as while as Jeanne’s own power once she inherits the throne, with the only partial transfer of said powers to him, once she becomes Queen of Navarre, and he, its King. Young Jeanne was said to have fallen very much in love with her husband, constantly wanting to be in his presence, though the marriage would not truly be consummated until the end of November, due to Alfonso’s homosexuality, though the young man told his father that he did not do so because of his wife’s young age. In fact this is only known to occur because his father forced him to sleep with Jeanne while he watched for he “Wanted to ensure his son would not fail in this vital arena.”:
In: An Unexpected King: The Life and Reign of King Alfonso XII of Spain (c.1996) Ines Soriano writes,” It was in Alfonso and Jeanne’s itinerant court, in which they spent the summer in Navarre, and traveled across Spain in all other times of the year that Don Rafael Núñez held a position as a poet. He often recited his poems to both his lover and his lover's wife, the woman calling him their,’Mestizo poet’. Jeanne was apparently convinced that the two men were merely close friends, and she often gave him small gifts for ‘being an attentive friend to my dear husband’. Indeed, from documents discovered in the Royal Archives, it would seem that Alfonso spent more nights with Don Núñez in his own rooms, than he did with his wife, visiting her bedchambers once a week, every Saturday. Jeanne would later inform all who would listen of her husband’s perceived faithfulness, and that throughout their nearly forty years of marriage he never had a mistress. One wonders how the oblivious woman would react if she knew the truth about her husband’s sexual habits...”

Also in August, as his youngest child by Mary of England, the fifteen-year-old Infanta Isabella, departed for her imperial wedding, King Ferdinand VI would arrange a good match for his eldest daughter by Philiberta of Savoy, the Infanta Constanza. He arranged, in concert with his youngest sibling Queen Blanca (who increasingly acted in her brother’s interest), for a marriage between Constanza (age nine) and King Francis’s eldest grandson: Louis of France (Age five). The King of France was initially reluctant to accept such a suit, but once again, thanks to the efforts of Queen Blanca, and maîtresse-en-titre Claude, as well as the promise of a hefty dowry, Francis agreed to the match. The Dauphin for his part was not necessarily opposed to this, for he (then) believed that maintaining peace with Spain would be for the best.


In Cadiz, on November 5th, Catherine de Medici and Sancho of Cadiz would have their fifth child, and second son, a boy named Luis. Catherine felt especially triumphant, for she now had two sons in the cradle, whereas six months prior, her husband’s mistress, Isabel Osorio gave birth to a short-lived daughter, named Isabella. Just before this it was arranged that their eldest living child, Magdalena (b.1538) , was betrothed to Rodrigo Ponce de Leon(b.1534), son and heir to the Duke of Arcos.


Across the Pyrenees mountains, in France, there was both fortune and misfortune in this year. The first of these was to occur among Prince Charles, second of his name to rule Orleans and Maria of Savoy at the Château d'Amboise, in the month of February. One of her ladies, Marie de Rouen wrote,”It was early in the morning, and the sun had yet to rise when we were awoken by terrible screaming, along with cries of grief and anguish. My sister Rose and I rushed to the Duchesse’s rooms, where we found her weeping, in her bloody nightdress. Our poor Duchesse lost another unborn child.”


In Nemours, Jean de Foix and Charlotte de Bourbon had their penultimate child: Charles de Foix, named for Jean’s younger brother, on October 5th.
Across the English Channel, in the Duchy of Somerset, Prince Edmund, Duke of Somerset and Catherine Howard, Duchess of Somerset would have their second child on December 8th. This child was a son, named George for his maternal uncle, George Howard.


In Ferrara, tragedy would strike, for on April 7th, Francesco d’Este, two-year-old son of Duke Ercole II and Catherine of Austria, died of Tuberculosis, marring the mood following the wedding of his eldest brother Alfonso(b.1533) to Matilda of Savoy(b.1527), with the two having a rather affectionate marriage.


Across the Alps, in Vienna in the beginning of October, Phillip of Austria, King of the Romans married Isabella of Aragon. The two seemed to be very much in love with each other, though they differed quite a bit in appearance Oskar Schmid, in Emperors of Blood and Christ wrote,” The very loving marriage between Isabella of Aragon and his Imperial Majesty, Phillip II is still something of an enigma to many. For while the two were both extremely intelligent and well educated, the Infanta was somewhat lacking in charm and was somewhat homely and a bit overweight. Isabella had her mother’s dark hair, which, though was becoming of Mary of England, was not styled in such a way in her youngest daughter. The Infanta was also somewhat awkward, and shy, though good-natured. She was, however, incredibly well-read, and excelled in matters of politics and philosophy, and even read treatises on military strategy. The reason for her lack of social graces seems to stem from her upbringing and how she was raised. As her mother died shortly after she was born, her father, King Ferdinand VI felt a great deal of sympathy for the child that had never met her mother. As a result, he was much more indulgent with her than he even was with his favorite son Juan, only making her take a minimum amount of lessons in subjects that she was not interested in, such as dancing. Instead, he more or less allowed her to focus on the intellectual pursuits that she enjoyed, beaming in pride at her skills in the aforementioned subjects, even if some of them were viewed as more masculine activities. Phillip of Austria for his part, while also of towering intellect, was generally seen as very charming and attractive, as he was athletic with dark blond hair. What is perhaps exceedingly strange, is that the ill-matched couple were passionately in love, and after the first night of the marriage the bloodstained sheets were shown to the people of Austria with great acclaim, and Phillip seldom ever left his wife’s side. Exceptionally for the time, Phillip of Austria did not have any affairs or mistresses, even during his wife’s pregnancies.”


To the north in Denmark, at Gråsten Palace, where the Danish royal family stayed during autumn hunt there would be several prominent happenings. First, was the birth of King Christian II’s last child by his Queen, Ricciarda of Milan, a son named Ernst. Secondly, a few weeks later, Edith of England, would give birth to a stillborn daughter, much to her sadness, with only her Italian stepmother-in-law to comfort her, for her husband and in-laws were out hunting when this occurred.

Lastly, to the east, in Sweden, at Segeberg Castle, Hedwig of Poland would have her eighth child with King Gustav I, as son named Sten on April 19th. Tragically the little Prince would die just three days later.

Jeanne d'Albert, Princess of Viana and Asturias

Alfonso, Prince of Asturias and Viana

Phillip of Austria

Isabella of Aragon

 

[Prince of Permsia]

So France and Spain are allied now. The European powers seem awfully peaceful. Francis seems content with being dominated by his wife and mistress while he surrenders French interests on all fronts. Historically it is widely suspected that Henri II only agreed to Canto-Cambresis because he wanted to press Mary Queen of Scot's claim to England, and would have returned to competition with Philip had he not suffered his infamous jousting accident. While he has turned to the New World to make up losses, these seeds will not bear fruit for a long time. Part of this slothfulness can be justified by the King's age. Young ambitious Francis would have found this tate of affairs intolerable.
Part of it is France not having to fear Hapsburg encirclement. Plus the Spanish and Hapsburgs have not taken the provocative actions that prompted the later Italian Wars, annexing Milan and killing Francis's ambasador. Furthermore the Protestant reformation doesn't seem to be as vicious or divisive as it was in real life, and the Empire seems to be in no hurry to suppress it, so their is no wedge to drive between the Emperor and the German Princes. Italy remains free of foreign rule, so no need for the Italian powers to team up to kick out whichever "barbarian invader" is on top this year or the next. France is also deprived of the option of turning to the Turks, as Suliemon has not even taken Budapest let alone Vienna.
All in all it seems to be a time of peace and prosperity for both Europe's noble houses and population. Still storm clouds gather. New Kings needed to win wars to gain honor and renown. However much Francis II may love his Austrian wife and his Spanish stepmother, France's dignity demands it act in an assertive manner befitting it's status as the richest Kingdom in Europe. This Navare situation seems like a crisis that could spiral, and that is without considering other possibilities, like the quarreling of Italian states once again drawing foreigners into the Peninsula. The issue of Protestantism also remains unresolved. It's social basis still remains in the comercial classes, so their is always the possibility of an outbreak of dangerous religious radicalism in England or the Netherlands. One imagines the Pope and the King's of Europe will want to do something about this radically egalitarian republic to their north, perhaps a revival of the Northern Crusades, maybe motivated by Anglo Norwegian commercial conflicts as much as religion.
Historically the Papacy always wanted a general peace amongst the Catholic states of Europe such as exists now, so that it could call them all to a Crusade to retake Constantinople and the Holy Land. We haven't heard much from Sulliemon, but the last time the Europeans saw him he was getting his ass kicked, so they may percieve him as weak. Plus with Ibrahim Pasha dead he is down a competent henchman. If I were the Pope I would be chomping at the bit to launch a Crusade. Indeed I might even say that God has created this unusually happy period of peace for just such a purpose.
Anti Sematism often flares in times of Crusade. The Jews of Spain may have dodged the inquisitorial bullet, but the social forces that motivated the hatred of them remain, along with the need to create an us vs them conflict to justify the encorachment of the state. Some of that pressure is lifted by the relative lack of wars. Still we have a monarch who might need to prove his piety, and everyone's favorite scapegoats are just lying around.
I'm sorry to be a downer, and of course I am happy for the new marriages and ever growing families of the monarchies of Europe, but stories thrive on conflict and I feel their is quite a bit of potential for Europe to go back to it's old ways.

 

[Awkwardvulture]

So France and Spain are allied now. The European powers seem awfully peaceful. Francis seems content with being dominated by his wife and mistress while he surrenders French interests on all fronts. Historically it is widely suspected that Henri II only agreed to Canto-Cambresis because he wanted to press Mary Queen of Scot's claim to England, and would have returned to competition with Philip had he not suffered his infamous jousting accident. While he has turned to the New World to make up losses, these seeds will not bear fruit for a long time. Part of this slothfulness can be justified by the King's age. Young ambitious Francis would have found this tate of affairs intolerable.
Part of it is France not having to fear Hapsburg encirclement. Plus the Spanish and Hapsburgs have not taken the provocative actions that prompted the later Italian Wars, annexing Milan and killing Francis's ambasador. Furthermore the Protestant reformation doesn't seem to be as vicious or divisive as it was in real life, and the Empire seems to be in no hurry to suppress it, so their is no wedge to drive between the Emperor and the German Princes. Italy remains free of foreign rule, so no need for the Italian powers to team up to kick out whichever "barbarian invader" is on top this year or the next. France is also deprived of the option of turning to the Turks, as Suliemon has not even taken Budapest let alone Vienna.
All in all it seems to be a time of peace and prosperity for both Europe's noble houses and population. Still storm clouds gather. New Kings needed to win wars to gain honor and renown. However much Francis II may love his Austrian wife and his Spanish stepmother, France's dignity demands it act in an assertive manner befitting it's status as the richest Kingdom in Europe. This Navare situation seems like a crisis that could spiral, and that is without considering other possibilities, like the quarreling of Italian states once again drawing foreigners into the Peninsula. The issue of Protestantism also remains unresolved. It's social basis still remains in the comercial classes, so their is always the possibility of an outbreak of dangerous religious radicalism in England or the Netherlands. One imagines the Pope and the King's of Europe will want to do something about this radically egalitarian republic to their north, perhaps a revival of the Northern Crusades, maybe motivated by Anglo Norwegian commercial conflicts as much as religion.
Historically the Papacy always wanted a general peace amongst the Catholic states of Europe such as exists now, so that it could call them all to a Crusade to retake Constantinople and the Holy Land. We haven't heard much from Sulliemon, but the last time the Europeans saw him he was getting his ass kicked, so they may percieve him as weak. Plus with Ibrahim Pasha dead he is down a competent henchman. If I were the Pope I would be chomping at the bit to launch a Crusade. Indeed I might even say that God has created this unusually happy period of peace for just such a purpose.
Anti Sematism often flares in times of Crusade. The Jews of Spain may have dodged the inquisitorial bullet, but the social forces that motivated the hatred of them remain, along with the need to create an us vs them conflict to justify the encorachment of the state. Some of that pressure is lifted by the relative lack of wars. Still we have a monarch who might need to prove his piety, and everyone's favorite scapegoats are just lying around.
I'm sorry to be a downer, and of course I am happy for the new marriages and ever growing families of the monarchies of Europe, but stories thrive on conflict and I feel their is quite a bit of potential for Europe to go back to it's old ways.

You are quite right on all accounts, I will try my best to address all of these different factors... France and Spain aren't allied per se, but Francis and Ferdinand have reached a (temporary) understanding that peace is better, for now, especially given that Francis metaphorically got his teeth kicked in twenty years ago... Age certainly does play a factor, as does his young mistress, who wields substantial influence over him is practically a Spanish agent through her friendship with Queen Blanca. Spain and the Habsburgs have, so far, have viewed the Italian states as useful tools, duchies in which to stash extra daughters that can yield alliances that can serve as useful allies... When the younger Francis eventually does take the throne, he may have plenty of reason to try and reassert French dominance, especially in regards to how events may unfold in Navarre... You are very right in that the peace of the past decade or two have very much been the calm before the storm, as the older generation withers on the vine, and eventually dies out their sons, and in certain cases, daughters, will seek to gain glory and wealth on the battlefield... As for Norway, well... Let's just say that there is conflict to come with them shortly, especially in regards to the radical faith of Pederssonism (Norwegian Anabaptism) in which certain kings (Henry VIII) view as a threat to the very idea of kingship, while King Christian II of Denmark may wish to recreate the Kalmar Union, promising conflict in the next couple of years... Pederssonism, has, in addition to the Diet of Speyer, has reduced tensions in the Holy Roman Empire, for the Mainline Protestants and Catholics that rule see a more radical religion that seeks to break the shackles of Kingship and high nobility, in short, a convenient mutual enemy. However, you are right that there will still be tensions in the Empire, as certain Princes will eventually grow jealous of the power held by the Habsburgs... As for a crusade, well, I'm still not sure if the Kings of Europe would heed the call. for though the Pope can admonish them all he wants, they do not see the Ottomans as the threat they were before TTL Mohacs... As far as Suleiman is concerned, despite his defeat the hands of Hungary and their allies, he is actually quite successful in other areas, though most of these are in the east. Firstly, he managed to take Korfu from the Venetians, who were mostly left high and dry by the rest of Europe, though he has made no other moves directly against European territory since Mohacs. He has done better in his Safavid campaigns, decisively holding Bagdad and has taken the Van region as well as many key forts in Armenia, effectively banishing the Safavids to Iran proper. The Jews of Spain, are mostly there to stay, for the additional taxes they pay, as well as the fact some have loyally served the Spanish crown, mean they are too valuable to cast aside, not to mention they and the Mudejars make up a substantial portion of the banking and commercial industries... I actually really appreciate your perspective, especially as I do have some rather big events (Wars) coming up soon. Thank you so very much for your input!!!!

 

[HortenseMancini]

I am very surprised that François let Jeanne go so easily...surely he could’ve driven a harder bargain with the spanish in regards to her marriage? At any rate, it will be interesting to see how things play out with Navarre, and it is certainly nice to see Jeanne get a better second marriage than she did IOTL.