1527
As the year began, on January 7th, Phillip of Savoy, and his wife Susanna of Bavaria welcomed the arrival of their fifth child and second daughter who they named Matilda. Also, on February 21st, Duke Alfonso I of Ferrara and his wife Bona Sforza had what would be their final child, a girl named Ippolita, after her deceased older brother Ippolito.
In the Swiss Cantons, on January 10th, Felix Manz, a prominent Anabaptist managed to flee to Zürich, where he and many other Swiss Brethren began to rise up in a rebellion against the authority of the reformist Huldrych Zwingli, a conflict that would take years to be resolved.
In the New World, the English King, Henry VIII, nervous at the prospect of French domination of North America, decided to expand English colonies from the Maritimes to the mainland, and within weeks, two hundred colonists established a settlement at the mouth of the St. George River, which the named, New Bristol (1). As with the Maritime colonies, the English would maintain good relations with the native peoples through trade and intermarriage, ensuring stability in the region.
The Spanish for their part would establish their first permanent settlement in Florida at Chequescha (2) (named by the Native Peoples) with 300 colonists(250 men and 50 women) on March 28th, by sailing into the Biscayne bay, under the direction of Hernando de Soto, who would go on to be appointed as the first Governor of Florida. Hernando, like many other Spanish Conquistadors, was shrewd enough to secure alliances with the local tribes, and he found an important ally in the Tequesta and Calusa tribes and instigated a conflict against the Ais and Jaega tribe’s, which the Spanish and their native allies would eventually win. De Soto’s alliance with the Tequesta went beyond just pragmatism, he seemed to genuinely admire them and he would marry the niece of the Tequesta chief, who would take the name of Violeta de Soto. When they started to suffer from European diseases, he did all he could to assist them, and ultimately, about 20 percent of the tribe’s people died of these diseases, which, while not ideal, was a lower proportion than many other Native tribes would suffer.
In England meanwhile, tragedy struck, for just hours after his birth, Henry Tudor, the third son of the Duke and Duchess of Somerset, died on March 16th.
In Naples on May 2nd King Ferdinand III of Naples and Maria of Aragon, Queen of Naples, had their fourth child, a boy named Alfonso. In Denmark, on May 11th, King Christian III, and Isabella of Austria brought their seventh child into the world, a boy named Phillip, after the Queen’s father, the Holy Roman Emperor. The boy’s birth provided some relief to the royal couple, they now finally had a second son.
In June , Prime Minister Trond Torleivsson Benkestok of Norway faced his first major legislative hurdle. After the birth and death of his eldest child, Bjorn on June 11th, he received more bad news a week later, for on June 18th The Senate of Norway failed to pass a bill to the Chamber of Representatives that he sponsored, with a large majority of 90 senators opposing it. The bill was known as the Mead Tax, which would have enacted a one-tenth tax on the sale of mead and other alcoholic beverages, the proceeds of which were intended to expand the Republican Navy. The main reason why the Senate did not successfully pass the bill onto the Chamber of Representatives, was that the Senators knew the bill would be unpopular in their constituencies and that it was not likely to pass in the Chamber anyThe failure of this angered the already saddened Prime Minister, yet he knew he would have to abide by the legislative branch’s decision if he wanted to be reelected in 1530.
On July 20th, King Miguel I of Portugal and his wife, Catherine of England managed to provide Portugal with a male heir, a boy named Manuel, after Miguel’s late father and predecessor, King Manuel I of Portugal. Nearly all of Portugal breathed a sigh of relief at this, as this meant that the Infanta Eleanor and her betrothed, Juan, Prince of Asturias were not likely to rule over Portugal.
In Florence, on August 4th, Duke Alessandro I of Florence and his wife Louise of Savoy had their first child, a son who they named Lorenzo, after the Duke’s late father. The arrival of a son brought great relief to Alessandro, for the succession of his Duchy would have been uncertain without a son.
Also, in The Holy Roman Empire on November 1st, Frederick of Austria and his wife Barbara Fugger welcomed the birth of their eldest child, a girl named Margaret , who brought great joy to her parents and grandparents.
In Poland, Frederick of Austria’s eldest sibling, Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland and her husband King Sigismund I of Poland, had another child, a son named Wojech. Much to the consternation of his parents. Prince Wojech would die just two weeks after his birth, on November 27th.

(1) OTL Quebec
(2) OTL Miami

Barbara Fugger
Lucas Cranach d.J. - Christiane von Eulenau (Dresden).jpg

Frederick of Austria
Titian_130.jpg
 
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1528
As winter dragged on, on February 2nd, in Vienna, Charles of Austria and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary had their fifth child, a daughter named Joanna, after her paternal grandmother. The mirth of the event helped mitigate the nervousness that gripped the Habsburg dynasty, for it soon became apparent that the Holy Roman Emperor, the once energetic Phillip I, was suffering from a debilitating illness, which modern historians believe to be Type 2 Diabetes, caused by his dietary excess. As a result of his illness, the Emperor swiftly moved to have his eldest son be named King of The Romans, to which the Imperial electors agreed, particularly after some well-placed bribes.
In Hungary, on April 31st, Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary went into labor for the third time, and although the birth lasted ten hours, both mother and child survived. The baby was soon revealed to be a boy, who King Louis II of Hungary named Vladislaus, in honor of his father.
In Sweden meanwhile, at the end of the month of May, Princess Hedwig of Poland arrived to marry Gustav I of Sweden. Despite some awkwardness given the age difference between husband and wife, the two were soon united by a mutual desire to maintain good relations with her homeland through trade, and alliances.
In Spain, on June 15th, Mary of England, Queen of Spain went into a difficult labor at the Alcázar of Seville, which lasted a total of nine hours. The child that she gave birth to was a girl, the Infanta Isabella, named after Ferdinand’s paternal grandmother, and Mary’s late mother. The Queen initially seemed to be in good health for the first few days after the birth, yet a week later, she was stricken with a combination of Tuberculosis (the same disease that killed her father-in-law) and Puerperal fever. Just three days later, Mary of England, Queen of Spain, finally drew her last breath on June 25th, much to the heartbreak of her husband, children, and mother-in-law (Margaret of Austria, treated Mary with the same tenderness that Isabella of Castile gave her) Later that evening, it was rumored that King Ferdinand VI of Spain, drank so much wine that he passed out in his chambers, as his own way of coping with the loss of his beloved wife. Mary's closest siblings, Henry VIII of England, Catherine Tudor, Queen of Portugal were also distraught by her premature death. It was reported the Queen of Portugal openly broke down in tears after receiving the news of Mary's death.
Two months later, in Mid-August, Blanca of Aragon, the fifteen-year-old younger sister of the King of Spain, was wed to King Francis I of France, in an extravagant ceremony in Paris, and was soon crowned Queen of France. Queen Blanca was very enamored with her husband, for although he was old enough to be her father, she found him very handsome, and charming. Much like her parents, Blanca seemed to be a romantic, and naively pictured herself having a happy and blissful marriage with the King of France. King Francis for his part, was slightly annoyed by the level of fawning that his young wife lavished upon him, and still kept the company of his mistresses. Speaking to the Duke of Bourbon he remarked,”Elle est jolie mais à peine assez pour me tenter." Which roughly translates to," She is pretty but hardly enough to tempt me. " Still when their wedding night came, Francis, ever the womanizer, did not fail to consummate their marriage.
In Bavaria, Duke William IV and Margaret of Savoy had their third son, who they named William after the infant’s father.
In Italy, on November 22nd , Ercole d’Este, and his wife Catherine of Austria welcomed the arrival of their eldest child, a boy named Alfonso after, Ercole’s father, the Duke of Ferrara. In Florence Meanwhile, on December 4th, Duke Alessandro and Louise of Savoy had their second child, a boy named Piero. Tragically the child was born sickly and would die just two days after his birth on December 6th.

King Francis I of France
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Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France
Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal - Wikipedia
 
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1528 Family Trees
House of Trastámara
Juan III of Castile and Aragon(b.1478, r . from 1492 in Aragon, r. from 1514 in Castile, d.1521) m. Margaret of Austria, Queen of Aragon, (b. 1480) had issue
1) Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) m. Massimiliano Sforza, Duke of Milan(b.1493) has issue
2) Ferdinand, VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Princess Mary Tudor of England, Queen of Spain (b.1496, d.1528) , had issue
3) Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre(b.1494) has issue
4) Infanta Maria, Queen of Naples(b.1503) m. King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488) has issue
5) Infante Alfonso(b.1504, d.1504)
6) Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505) has issue
7) Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) has issue
8) Infanta Eleanor(Royal Nun)(b.1511)
9) Infanta Blanca, Queen of France(b.1512) m.King Francis I of France(b.1494)
Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Mary of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496, d.1528) had issue
1)Infanta Margarita(b.1515, d.1515)
2)Miscarriage(1517)
3)Juan, Prince of Asturias(b.1519) eng.Infanta Eleanor of Portugal(b.1519)
4)Infanta Juana(b.1521)
5)Infante Alfonso(b.1523)
6)Miscarriage(1525)
7)Infanta Isabella(b.1528)

Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre, Duchess of Cafiz(b.1494) has issue
1)Sancho de Trastámara(b.1520) eng.Catherine de Medici(b.1519)
2)Stillborn daughter(1522)
3)Pedro de Trastámara(b.1525)
4)Gabriel de Trastámara(b.1528)

Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505) has issue
1)Margarita de Trastámara(b.1521)
2)Garcia de Trastámara(b.1522) eng.Maddalena de Medici(b.1519)
3)Carlos de Trastámara(b.1524)
4)Stillborn son(1526)
5)Stillborn son(1528)
Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) has issue
1)Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo(b.1526)
House of Aviz
Manuel I of Portugal(b.1469, r. from 1495, d.1521) m.Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal(b.1470) has issue
1)Miscarriage(1496)
2)Miguel I of Portugal(b.1498) m. Catherine Tudor, Princess of England(b.1501) has issue
3)Infante Afonso(b.1500) m. Helena de Lencastre (b.1503) has issue
4)Infanta Isabella(b.1502, d.1502)
5)Infanta Beatrice Duchess of Braganza(b.1505)m. Teodesio, Duke of Braganza(b.1510), has issue
6)Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda(b.1507) m. Guiomar Coutinho(b.1509) has issue
7)Infante Antonio(b.1509, d.1509)
8)Miscarried daughter(1511)
Miguel I of Portugal,(b.1498) m.Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501) has issue
1)Eleanor, Princess of Portugal(b.1519) eng.Juan Prince of Asturias(b.1519)
2)Miscarriage(1521)
3)Infanta Isabella(b.1523)
4)Infanta Maria(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Manuel, Prince of Portugal(b.1527)
House von Habsburg
Phillip I, Holy Roman Emperor,(b.1478, r. from 1482 in Burgundy, and from 1521 in The Holy Roman Empire ) m.Juana of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress(b.1479) has issue
1)Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland(b.1498) m. Sigismund I of Poland(b.1467) has issue
2)Charles of Austria(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary(b.1503)has issue
3)Isabella of Austria(b.1501)m. King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) has issue
4)Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Istria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
5)Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) m. King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506) has issue
6)Catherine of Austria(b.1507) m. Ercole D’este(b.1510) has issue
7)Frederick of Austria(b.1509) m. Barbara Fugger (b.1510) has issue
1)Leopold of Austria(b.1527)
8)Antoine of Austria(b.1512)
Charles of Austria(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary(b.1503), has issue, also has bastard issue
1a)Elizabeth of Austria(b.1520) eng. Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518)
2a)Phillip of Austria(b.1522)
3a)Anna of Austria(b.1523, d.1524)
4a)Maximillian of Austria(b.1526)
5a)Joanna of Austria(b.1528)
1b)Margaret of Parma(b.1522)
Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke of Inner Austria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
1a)Stillborn Daughter(1521)
1b)John of Austria(b.1523, d.1523)
2b)Ferdinand of Austria(b.1525)
3b)Eleanor of Austria(b.1526, d.1526)
4b)Margaret of Austria(b.1528)
Frederick of Austria, Archduke of Tyrol(, b.1509) m. Barbara Fugger (b.1510) has issue
1) Margaret of Austria (b.1527)
House of Savoy
Phillibert II, Duke of Savoy(b.1480, r. from 1497) m.Maria of Aragon, Duchess of Savoy(b.1482), has mistress Teresa de Bivero, has issue by both
1a)Phillip of Savoy(b.1499) m.Susanna of Bavaria, (b.1502) has issue
2a)Margaret of Savoy(b.1501) m. William IV, Duke of Bavaria(b.1493) has issue
3a)Louis of Savoy(b.1503) m.Leonora Sforza
4a)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1504, d.1504)
5a)Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) m.Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510), has issue
6a)Charles of Savoy(b.1508)
7a)John of Savoy(b.1510)
8a)Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511) eng.Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)
9a)William of Savoy(b.1513)
10a)Emmanuel of Savoy(b.1515)
1b)Agnes of Savoy(b.1511)
2b)Nicolas of Savoy(b.1516)
Phillip of Savoy(b.1499), m.Susanna of Bavaria(b.1502) has issue
1)Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518)
2)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1520)
3)Albert of Savoy(b.1522, d.1522)
4)Maria of Savoy(b.1524) eng.Prince Charles of France, Duke of Orleans(b.1522)
5)Matilda of Savoy(b.1527)
House of Tudor
King Henry VII of England(b.1458 r. from 1485, d. 1509) m.Elizabeth of York Queen of England(b.1466, d.1511) had issue
1)Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales (b.1486, d. 1501) eng. Catherine of Aragon, died without issue
2)Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489) m.James IV Stuart, King of Scots(b.1473) had issue, 2nd marriage to John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) has issue
3)King Henry VIII of England(b.1491) m. Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485)
4)Mary Tudor, Princess of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496) m. King Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499)
5)Edward Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1499, d.1499)
6)Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Katherine Stafford, Duchess of Somerset (b.1499), has issue
7)Princess Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501), m. King Miguel I of Portugal has issue
King Henry VIII of England(b.1491, r.from 1509) m.Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485), has issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1506)
2)Stillborn daughter(1507)
3)Arthur, Prince of Wales(b.1509) eng.Anne of Cleves(b.1515)
4)Princess Mary of England(b.1510)eng.Francis I, Duke of Lorraine(b.1517)
5)Prince Henry, Duke of York(b.1512) eng.Amalia of Cleves(b.1517)
6)Prince Edward of England, Duke of Richmond (b.1514)eng.Mary Howard(b.1519)
7)Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515)eng. Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518)
8)Princess Edith of England(b.1519) )eng.Prince John of Denmark(b.1518)
9)Miscarriage(1521)
10)Prince Thomas of England(b.1523)
Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Lady Katherine Stafford(b.1499), has issue
1)Elizabeth Tudor(b.1516, d.1516)
2)Stillborn daughter(1519)
3)Jasper Tudor(b.1521)
4)Edward Tudor(b.1525)
5)Henry Tudor(b.1527, d.1527)

House of Borgia
Giovanni Borgia, Duke of Gandia(b.1474, d.1497, r. from 1488) m. Maria Enriquez de Luna(b.1474, d.1539) had issue
1)Juan Borgia y Enriquez, Duke of Gandia (b.1494)
2)Francisca de Jesus Borgia(b.1494)
3.Isabel de Borgia y Enriquez(b.1497)
Cesare Borgia, Gonfalnier of The Papal Armies and Duke of Romagna(b.1475, d.1508) m. Princess Charlotte of Naples(b.1480) had issue
1)Anna Borgia(b.1499)
2)Rodrigo Borgia(b.1501, d.1502)
3)Pedro Luis Borgia(b.1502)
4)Cesare Borgia(b.1504 d.1504)
5)Lucrezia Borgia(b.1507)
Gioffre Borgia, Duke of Alveito m.Sancha of Aragon(b.1478, d.1505 died without issue), 2nd m. Giovanna, of Naples(b.1479) has issue
1)Francesco Borgia(b.1507)
2)Francesca Borgia(b.1509, d.1509)
3)Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)eng.Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511)
4)Ferdinand Borgia(b.1515)
5)Alfonso Borgia(b.1516, d.1517)
6)Miscarriage(1519)
7)Sibilia Borgia(b.1522)
House of Aragon
Lucrezia Borgia Duchess of Montalnto(b.1480), m.Alfonso of Aragon(b. 1481 d.1508), m. Ferdinand of Aragon, Duke of Montalto(b.1482) has issue by both
1a)Rodrigo of Aragon(b.1499)
2a)Stillborn daughter(1501)
3a)Sancho of Aragon(b.1504)
4a)Misscarriage(1506)
5a)Alfonso of Aragon(b.1509)
1b)Giovanna of Aragon(b.1512)
2b)Anna of Aragon(b.1514, d.1514)
3b)Inés of Aragon(b.1517)
House of Sforza(Dukes of Milan)
Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan(b. 1452, r. from 1494) m.Beatrice D’este, Duchess of Milan(b.1475), took Lucrezia Crivelli as a Mistress has issue by both
1a)Massimiliano Sforza(b.1493), m. to Infanta Isabella of Aragon(b.1498)
2a)Francesco Sforza(b.1495)
3a)Stillborn Son(1497)
4a)Leonora Sforza(b.1500) m. Louis of Savoy(b.1503)
5a)Miscarriage(1502)
6a)Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Istria(b.1503) no living issue
7a)Ricciarda Sforza(b.1507,)
8a)Niccolo Sforza(b.1509)
1b)Giovanni Paolo Sforza(b.1497
2b)Francesca Sforza(1503)
Massimiliano Sforza Duke of Milan(b.1493) m.Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) has issue
1)Ludovico Sforza(b.1513), eng.Princess Renee of France(b.1510)
2)Miscarriage(1514)
3)Francesco Sforza(b.1516)
4)Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) eng.Crown Prince Sigismund of Poland(b.1519)
5)Alessandra Sforza(b.1519)
6)Stillborn daughter(1521)
7)Caterina Sforza(b.1522)
8)Agnese Sforza(b.1524, d.1524)
9)Giovanni Sforza(b.1526, d.1526)

House of Valois
Louis XII of France(b.1462) m.Anne of Brittany, Queen of France(b.1477, d.1514) had issue
1a)Claude of France, Duchess of Brittany(b.1499) m. Francis I of France(b.1494)
2a)Miscarriage(1500)
3a)Miscarriage(1503)
4a)Princess Marie of France m.Ferdiand of Austria, Duke of Istria(b.1505) has issue
5a)Stillborn son(1508)
6a)Princess Renee of France(b.1510) eng.Ludovico Sforza
7a)Stillborn son(1512)
King Francis I of France(b.1494, r from 1515) m.Claude of France, Queen of France(b.1499, d.1522) had issue, m. Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France(b.1512)
1a)Princess Louise of France(b.1516, d.1517)
2a)Princess Charlotte of France(b.1516, d.1524)
3a)Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518), eng.Elizabeth of Austria(b.1520)
4a)Prince Henri, Duke of Anjou(b.1519)
5a)Princess Madeline of France(b.1520)
6a)Prince Charles, Duke of Orleans(b.1521) eng.Maria of Savoy
7a)Marguerite of France(b.1522) eng.Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523)

House of Stuart
King James IV of Scotland(b.1473, d.1516) m. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489), had issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1509)
2) Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay(b.1512-d.1512)
3)James V of Scotland(b.1515) eng.Princess Madeline of France(b.1520)
4)Prince Alexander, Duke of Ross(b.1516)
John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) m. Margaret Tudor(b.1489), Queen mother of Scotland and Duchess of Albany, has issue
1)Robert Stuart(b.1518)
2)David Stuart(b.1520, d.1520)
3)Annabella Stuart(b.1522)

House d’Este
Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara(b.1476) m.Anna Sforza(b.1476. d.1497, no living issue) 2nd m.Bona Sforza, Duchess of Ferrara(b.1494) has issue
1)Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
2)Eleanora d’Este(b.1515)
3)Isabella d’Este(b.1518)
4)Stillborn daughter(1520)
5)Ippolito d’Este(b.1523, d.1523)
6)Miscarriage (1525)
7)Ippolita d’Este(b.1527)

Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
1)Alfonso d’Este(b.1528)

House De Medici
Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510, r.from 1526) m.Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) has issue
1)Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527)
2)Piero de Medici(b.1528, d.1528)

Neapolitan House of Trastámara
King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488, r.from 1507) m.Maria of Aragon, Queen of Naples(b.1503), has issue
1)Princess Isabella of Naples(b.1520)
2)Miscarriage (1521)
3)Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523) eng.Princess Margurite of France(b.1522)
4)Prince Pedro of Naples(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Prince Alfonso of Naples(b.1527)
Bastard issue by Flora Strozzi(b.1499)
1b)Leonora of Aragon(b.1524)
2b)Carlos of Aragon(b.1528)
House of Wittelsbach
Duke William IV of Bavaria(b.1493) m.Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Bavaria(b.1501), has issue
1)Miscarriage(1518)
2)Theodor of Bavaria(b.1520)
3)Albert of Bavaria(b.1523)
4)Kunigunde of Bavaria(b.1525, d.1525)
5)William of Bavaria(b.1528)

House of Oldenburg
King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) m.Isabella of Austria, Queen of Denmark(b.1501), has issue
1)Prince John of Denmark(b.1518) eng.Princess Edith of England(b.1519)
2)Prince Phillip Ferdinand of Denmark(b.1519, d.1520)
3)Prince Maximillian(b.1519, d.1519)
4)Princess Dorothea of Denmark(b.1520)
5)Princess Christina of Denmark(b.1522)
6)Stillborn son(1523)
7)Prince Phillip of Denmark(b.1527)
House Jagellion(Poland)
King Sigismund I “The Old” of Poland(b.1467) m.Barbara Zapoyla, Queen of Poland(b.1495, d.1515) had issue. 2nd marriage to Eleanor of Austria(b.1498), Queen of Poland, has issue
1a)Princess Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) m. King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496)
2a)Princess Anna of Poland(b.1515, d.1520)
1b)Sigismund, Crown Prince of Poland(b.1519), eng.Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517)
2b)Miscarriage(1522)
3b)Princess Isabella of Poland(b.1524)
4b)Princess Sophia of Poland(b.1526)
5b)Prince Wojech of Poland(b.1527, d.1527)

House Jagellion (Hungary)
King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506, r.from 1516) m.Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) has issue
1)Stillborn son(b.1523)
2)Princess Catherine of Hungary(b.1526)
3)Prince Vladislaus of Hungary(b.1528)
 
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1529
As January began, the King and Queen of England, reeling from the loss of Mary Tudor, Queen of Spain, the previous year, received some consolation through the growth of their children, for Sir Thomas More (1478-1544) , the Lord Chancellor of England, had also taken a role in educating the many princes and princesses of England. The Lord Chancellor took a keen interest in three of them in particular: Arthur, Prince of Wales, Princess Mary Tudor, and Prince Thomas of England. While the former two had already grown into adulthood, they are mentioned in comparisons to their youngest sibling in which More wrote,”His highness, Prince Thomas excels in his theological studies, even more so than the Prince of Wales, and only the Princess Mary surpasses him, by account of her age and diligence. He certainly does have the makings of a fine clergyman or scholar.”
The Prince of Wales for his part, was generally viewed as a well rounded young man, and while he was not as frail as his paternal uncle and namesake, he has been described as merely a decent warrior and knight. Instead, Arthur dedicated himself to the art of diplomacy, as well as careful attention to detail, which would allow him to hone his skills as a manager of finances. chroniclers have described him in the following account,”The Prince of Wales, is lean and tall in build, barely shorter than his father, while he is fair in skin and hair, like their majesties. His eyes are blue much like his parents, and much to the Prince’s irritation many ladies swoon over him. Arthur shows little interest in women other than his betrothed, Anne of Cleves, and is slavishly devoted to his duties, eager to please both of his august parents.” In Somerset, on January 25th, Prince Edmund, Duke of Somerset, and his wife Katherine Stafford, Duchess of Somerset had another child, a girl named Eleanor, after one of Katherine’s great aunts from the Woodville family.
In Savoy, the birth of a sixth child to Phillip of Savoy and Susanna of Bavaria, ended in disappointment, for on January 27th, just an hour after her birth, the child, a sickly girl named Isabella died, much to the consternation of her family.
In France, on September 19th, Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France brought her eldest child with King Francis I of France into the world, a son named Jean, after the Queen’s late father. This birth further secured the French succession, and while King Francis I was hardly in love with his young wife, he was pleased with the speed in which she bore him a son.
Meanwhile, in Spain, the widowed King Ferdinand VI of Spain, overcome with loneliness took a long term mistress, a Portuguese woman, Micaela de Castro(b.1510). The circumstances through which the lady and her family moved to Spain were rather troubling ones, for, after the death of her father, Álvaro de Castro "the Old", five years prior, her older brother Rodrigo de Castro(b.1504) squandered much of his inheritance on extravagant banquets, which made finding good matches for Micaela and her younger sister Leonor(b.1512), all but impossible in Portugal. As a result of this, Micaela, her mother, Isabel de Melo Barreto e Menezes, and Leonor found themselves serving as ladies in waiting to the Queen Mother of Spain, Margaret of Austria, while their brother had also fled to Spain to avoid his debtors. Soon enough, Micaela de Castro would glow in her position of mistress to the King and would go on to reveal that she was pregnant with the king’s child. In Portugal meanwhile, on March 2nd, Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal went into labor for the fifth time, and gave birth to a daughter named Teresa, after Teresa Lourenço, the mother of King João I.
In Milan, on August 14th, Duke Massimilano I of Milan and his wife, Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan had their final child, a boy named Martino. Several weeks later they would welcome the arrival of their daughter-in-law, Renee of France, who soon wed their eldest son Ludovico Sforza.
In November, at the Alcázar of Seville, Micaela de Castro, mistress of King Ferdinand VI of Spain gave birth to her bastard child by him on November 5th. Fortunately, the labor did not prove to be too difficult, and Micaela gave birth to a healthy baby boy, named Ferdinand, who would be known as Ferdinand Fernandez, as an indication of his royal patronage, as the boy was acknowledged by his father as his bastard son.
Unfortunately, a member of the House of Trastámara was to suffer great misfortune this year, as the Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell would become a widower. The tragic event occurred on December 7th, when Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, Duchess of Urgell gave birth to her sixth and final child, a son named Francesco and suffered a hemorrhage from the difficult delivery, dying that night. The death left Infante Jaime, heartbroken, for while his marriage was one to appease the Castillian nobility, it had turned into a very loving one. To make matters worse, the son that the Duchess died giving birth to would die just one day later. The King of Spain, for his part, while feeling great sympathy for his younger brother’s loss, was preoccupied with the matter of remarriage. Ferdinand VI, while reluctant to do so, for the love he bore for his late wife, the cheerful and vibrant Mary of England, knew that another marriage could be useful to further shore up the succession, should some tragedy befall his sons, Juan, Prince of Asturias and the Infante Alfonso. Ultimately, he had agreed to marry Philiberta of Savoy(b.1498), Dowager Duchess of Florence the half-sister of his uncle by marriage Philibert II of Savoy. The marriage was slated to take place in February, by which time she and her daughter, Maddelena de Medici(b.1519, betrothed to Ferdinand’s nephew, Garcia de Trastámara) were to arrive in Spain.

Micaela de Castro
Bacchiacca - Woman with a Cat.jpg


Ludovico Sforza
Bartolomeo Veneto - Lodovico Martinengo - Google Art Project.jpg

Princess Renee of France
800px-Clouet_Renata_Ferrara.JPG
 
Hopefully Ferdinand and Philiberta will come to have a harmonious relationship. Thomas Tudor seems like he is well in position to join the Church when the time comes.
 
Hopefully Ferdinand and Philiberta will come to have a harmonious relationship. Thomas Tudor seems like he is well in position to join the Church when the time comes.

Not to give too much away, but it likely won't be as loving as Ferdinand's first marriage to Mary Tudor, but will not be as bad as his brother Juan Carlos's marriage to Magdalena of Navarre. Prince Thomas does have the makings of a fine clergyman, his namesake and educator will certainly have a profound impact on the boy. Prince Thomas of England, Archbishop of Canterbury has a nice ring to it, does it not? Thank you very much for your feedback, I really appreciate it!
 
1530
As the year began, Norwegian Prime Minister Benkestok received joyous news, for, on the first relection for Prime Minister on December 12th of the previous year, he was reelected all but unanimously, for no other person wanted to run against the founder of the Republic. This happiness was doubled by the fact that his wife, the thirty-year-old First lady Cecilia Henriksdotter successfully gave birth to a living son, named Knut on January 19th. In Spain meanwhile, in late February, King Ferdinand VI of Spain met and wed his second wife, Philiberta of Savoy at the Alcázar of Seville. Happily enough for bride and groom, there were also several of their relations as the most prominent guests in attendance, including Duke Philibert II of Savoy, Maria of Aragon, Duchess of Savoy, Duke Massimiliano I of Milan, Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan, Isabella of Aragon, Queen Mother of Portugal, King Miguel I of Portugal and Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal. Husband and wife seemed to be friendly enough with one another, though the King quietly remarked to his onetime sister-in-law that his dearly departed Mary of England was much more cheerful and vibrant than his second wife. Philiberta of Savoy for her part was pleased by the prospect of being Queen of Spain and found her slightly younger husband to be rather attractive. One of her ladies wrote in her diary,”Her majesty is tall in stature, heavyset, and is somewhat comely as she is fair in both skin and hair. She takes great pride in her new role as Queen, and fawns over her daughter Maddalena, whom she already calls La piccola duchessa(The Little Duchess), though some, including myself, think her uncouth to do so so soon after the death of the mother of her daughter’s betrothed.”
At Liege, in the Holy Roman Empire, on April 21st, Charles of Austria, King of the Romans, and his wife Anne of Bohemia and Hungary had their sixth child, a girl named Catherine in honor of Charles’s youngest sister, as well his maternal aunt, the Queen of England and Anne’s maternal grandmother, the late Countess of Foix.
Meanwhile, in Ferrara, on April 29th, Ercole d’Este and his wife Catherine of Austria had their second child, another boy, who they named Ippolito after Ercole’s late younger brother. Much to the sadness of the family, the baby boy would die just two days later on May 2nd, as a result of being born a month early.
In Poland, on May 17th, King Sigismund I of Poland and Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland had what would be their final child, a boy named Casimir. Shortly after this joyous occasion it was decided that Princess Isabella of Poland(b.1524), the eldest of King Sigismund’s daughters by his second marriage was to be betrothed to Phillip of Pomerania(b.1515), the only son of Duke George I of Pomerania. This marriage also had a practical purpose, to serve as a counterbalance to the wealthy Duchy of Brandenburg, and to show Sigismund’s Austrian in-laws that he was not their puppet(though ironically enough the marriage would later serve to mend fences between the Catholic Habsburgs and the Lutheran Phillip I of Pomernia)
In Milan, on May 24th, Ludovico Sforza, the heir to the Duchy, and his wife, Renee of France brought their first child into the world, a daughter named Isabella. Despite some disappointment regarding the child’s sex, the Ducal family was grateful that both mother and child survived the difficult labour, and that the Princess proved herself capable of carrying a child to term.
At Buda, in Hungary, King Louis II of Hungary and Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary would welcome the arrival of their fourth child, a boy named Alexander on June 7th, whom it was hoped would prove to be an excellent general like his namesake, the legendary Alexander The Great.
In the Duchy of Florence, on June 19th, Duke Alessandro I of Florence and Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence welcomed the arrival of their third child and eldest daughter, who they named Alfonsina, after Alessandro’s late grandmother, the somewhat unpopular Alfonsina Orsini, and they hoped that the girl could one day make an advantageous marriage. On the topic of marriage, the Ducal couple also received a letter from King Ferdinand VI of Spain, proposing a marriage between their eldest child, Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527), and his eldest surviving daughter, Juana of Aragon(b.1521), to which they gratefully agreed.
Further south in Naples, on June 26th, King Ferdinand III of Naples and Maria of Aragon, Queen of Naples had their fifth child that would come to term, a son named Giovanni after the Queen’s late father.
In the Holy Roman Empire, immense tragedy would strike, for on September 25th, at Aachen, the Holy Roman Emperor Phillip I died of his illness(diabetes) in the prescence of his wife and children, the former of whom was especially heartbroken. Further tragedy would take place just two weeks later, when, Frederick of Austria and his heavily pregnant wife, Barbara Fugger were traveling by barge on the Meuse. While the journey was initially pleasant, heavy gusts of wind blew the barge of course, and it slammed in to several large rocks, and its occupants were thrown from the vessel. As soon as he was hit the water, the first thought Frederick of Austria had was saving his wife, and with some difficulty, he managed to do so. After dragging his wife to land, Frederick, in spite of his wife’s protests to stay with her, swam back into the river to attempt to save the servants that accompanied them. Unfortunately, this would be one of Fredrick’s last acts, for in the confusion, he had tried to save several servants, a difficult task, even for a skilled swimmer. As a result, the heroic and selfless Frederick of Austria slipped below the Meuse and drowned on that tragic day of October 10th. The Dowager Empress, Juana of Aragon, was said to have broken down when she received the news of her beloved son’s death, who had been the favourite of her youngest three children, and remarked in tears to her overly pious eldest son that,”There is no point in proving piety to a cruel god.”
At Copenhagen, Denmark, on November 14th, Isabella of Austria, Queen of Denmark had her final child with King Christian II of Denmark, though sadly, the child would turn out to be a stillborn daughter.
At Stockholm, Sweden, on December 13th, King Gustav I of Sweden and his Queen, Hedwig of Poland provided Sweden with a heir, with the birth of a son named Eric, named after the King’s father, one of the last remarkable events of the year.

Philiberta of Savoy, Queen of Spain, with her two stepsons( Juan, Prince of Asturias is the boy to her left, while the Infante Alfonso stands behind her, )and her daughter's betrothed Garcia de Trastámara(who stands in front of her)
Parmigianino, ritratto di camilla gonzaga coi figli.jpg

King Gustav I of Sweden
Gustav I of Sweden - Wikipedia

Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden
Cranach the Younger Anna Jagiellon.jpg
 
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Just a couple things. First, the new son of the King and Queen of Naples would be called Giovanni, as that is the Italian form of John. Second, I really can’t imagine one of the sons of Philip and Juana marrying an untitled girl, even if he is the third son.
 
Just a couple things. First, the new son of the King and Queen of Naples would be called Giovanni, as that is the Italian form of John. Second, I really can’t imagine one of the sons of Philip and Juana marrying an untitled girl, even if he is the third son.

I will change Juan to Giovanni then, I wasn't quite sure if the Neapolitian Trastamaras embraced the local culture to that extent. As for Frederick marring the Fugger girl, I thought it would be a way of securing(and forgiving) the loans for the bribes necessary to get his father elected as Holy Roman Emperor. Thank you very much for your input!
 
1531
As winter continued throughout Europe, on January 14th, King Miguel I of Portugal, and Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal had their sixth child, and second son, the Infante Duarte, named for his late uncle Edward, Duke of Somerset, who had died in infancy. Some noted that it seemed as if the boy would live longer than his namesake, for although he was born a few weeks early, and was somewhat sickly, he appeared to be in good health. It was also during this time that King Miguel tightened his control over the Portuguese colonies in Brazil, decreeing that there were to be no less than twenty captaincies, an effort to ensure that no one administrator garnered too much power. He also ensured they would have to consult the Governor-General of Brazil before taking any military actions, and that slavery amongst the Brazilian natives was to be limited to individuals who actively fought in battle and were captured. Instead of slavery, the chief way of garnering labor from índios was a semi feudalistic system known as tributo locação which roughly translates to tribute tenancy. Under this system, the natives of the province would be alotted land to hold as their own, while in exchange for this they were to either provide a portion of their harvest, or other goods(as a form of rent), or they were to work for the equivalent value of their rent. Included in this system were specific protections to be alloted to the Native peoples living under it, for instance, when King Miguel issued the Porto Decree which decreed that: 1:An Índio could not be forced to provide sexual services to their landlords or other Portuguese, the penalty for the rape of an Índio is ten lashes, a substantial fine and the revocation of lands.. 2: An Índio cannot be subjected to corporal punishment without a trial, if this occurs without one the penalty is a large fine, whereas an execution wihout trial of an innocent Índio is punished with the execution of the landlord, or any other that arranged the killing. Tragically, however, the Portuguese capital city of Lisbon would suffer much death and destruction as a result of an earthquake, though fortunately, all members of the royal family were spending the winter elsewhere.
In Spain, on February 17th at the Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos in Córdoba, King Ferdinand VI of Spain, and Philiberta of Savoy, Queen of Spain welcomed the arrival of their first child with one another, which turned out to be a son, The Infante Felipe, named after The King of Spain’s late maternal uncle. Also, a few weeks after this the King of Spain arranged a betrothal for his youngest child by his late first wife, the Infanta Isabella. He reached out to his cousin, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor and suggested that the girl would be betrothed to Charles’s eldest son, Phillip of Austria, and the betrothal was soon finalized.
To the Northeast, in Savoy, on March 7th, Phillip of Savoy and Susanna of Bavaria had a seventh child, a boy named Phillip. Unfortunately, the baby would die weeks later, on March 29th, to the immense grief of his parents.
In the Holy Roman Empire, on March 16th at Liege, the grieving Barbara Fugger gave birth to the posthumous child of her beloved Frederick of Austria, who she named Leopold, as it was a common name amongst the Habsburg family.
In England, on July 24th, Anne of Cleves became Princess of Wales when she married Arthur, Prince of Wales, in a fabulous ceremony befitting the station of both husband and wife. In spite of the age gap between them, the two seemed to get along very well with one another, though Anne’s father-in-law King Henry VIII was not impressed by her lack of sophistication. It was said that upon his father quietly complaining to him about this, Arthur, Prince of Wales responded by saying,”Then it is well that she is to be wed to me, not you father.” Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England, for her part thought her an ideal daughter-in-law, for Anne was meek, intelligent, eager to please and admired Catherine. Another arrival from Cleves was Amalia of Cleves, who attended her sister’s wedding, and met her betrothed, Prince Henry, Duke of York for the first time. She was of course, too young to be wed to her betrothed, but this would give her time to acclimate to her new homeland. Later, on August 22nd, Prince Edmund, Duke of Somerset, and his wife Katherine Stafford, Duchess of Somerset had their final child, a daughter named Margaret after the Duke’s eldest sister, the Dowager Queen of Scotland.
In France, on August 1st, King Francis I of France and Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France had their second child, a son named Louis, after King Francis’s father-in-law by his late first wife. Unfortunately, the child was born three months early, and as a result, the boy would die just hours after his birth, causing a “deluge of grief” for the Queen.
In early September, in Barcelona, the Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell remarried, to a woman who had recently befriended, Leonor de Castro. King Ferdinand VI was also in attendance, though he was slightly displeased, as his youngest brother had informed him that he was going to marry Leonor, rather than asking for his king’s permission. Still, the marriage of the king’s youngest brother to the sister of the mother of his only bastard child attracted great fanfare, and the king was willing to begrudge this given that his brother seemed to be recovering from the depression that he had been suffering since the death of his beloved first wife, Maria Álvarez de Toledo.
In Savoy, on October 19th, tragedy struck, as Emmanuel of Savoy, the youngest son of Duke Philibert II, and Maria of Aragon, Duchess of Savoy, was stricken with Tuberculosis(the same disease that king killed his uncle King Juan III of Spain), and much to the great sadness of his family, Emmanuel would die of his affliction.
One last notable event to occur of the year, on December 15th, was the tragic death of the one-year-old Prince Alexander of Hungary, whose death devastated both of his parents. Another consequence of this is that the succession in Hungary was viewed as less secure, as at the moment, King Louis II and Mary of Austria had only one living son. As a result of this, the King of Hungary arranged for the betrothal of his eldest child, Princess Catherine to her cousin, Maximillian of Austria, the second son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, so as to ensure that at the very least Hungary could count on the protection of the Holy Roman Empire.

Anne of Cleves, Princess of Wales
Anne of Cleves - Wikipedia

Arthur, Prince of Wales
Lyon Antoine de Bourbon (detail).jpg


Leonor de Castro, Duchess of Urgell
Bacchiacca - Portrait of a Woman with a Book of Music.jpg
 
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So I may have made the past five years kind of rough for the descendants of Ferdinand and Isabella, but I thought I had to balance out their successes somehow...
 
1532
With the start of the new year, a Spanish expedition number some two hundred Spaniards, and three thousand Native allies, descended into Peru, to explore (and conquer) those rich lands. In April, at Quito (1), they soon encountered the remains of the army(Numbering about 40,000 men) of the Sapa Inca, Huáscar, who, with the help of an interpreter explained to the expedition’s leader, Francisco Pizzaro, that he and his half-brother Atahualpa were fighting a civil war over control of the lands of the Inca, and that he would appreciate assistance from the Spanish and their allies. Francisco Pizzaro saw great opportunity in this, for he could establish a puppet ruler in the region, and reap the rewards for assisting him, so he made a shrewd offer to Huáscar: He and his men would fight on his behalf and help seize control of the Inca lands, but in exchange for this Huáscar and the Inca nobles would have to convert to Catholicism, outlaw human sacrifice, allow the settlement of Spaniards in their lands(Of which Pizzaro would lead, founding half a dozen cities), and become vassals of the Spanish Empire, with Huáscar being granted the unique dignity of “Grand Prince of the Inca”(Though he would continue to be known as the Sapa Inca in Peru, with the spiritual element of the title eliminated). While Huáscar found Christianity to be a rather strange and alien religion, he bore no love towards the Inca priesthood, and knew that accepting this offer would probably be the best way to at least rule over the Inca in some capacity, and so he agreed to the Spanish terms, and prepared to march against the forces of his half-brother. It was also during this time that he announced his intention (which he would succeed in) to divorce his sister-wife Coya Chuqui Huipa, and marry again(he would ultimately marry Francisco Pizzaro’s paternal half-sister, Ines Pizarro b.1512) (2) Soon enough, on May 27th, the two forces(Two hundred Spaniards with 30,000 native allies, against 25,000 Inca) met on the field of battle outside of the city of Cajamarca, in a battle to decide the fate of Peru. The disparity between the two sides was soon made abundantly clear, for the Spanish firearms, horses, and steel smashed the Inca flanks while their native allies held the line in the center. Another factor in this victory was European diseases, for a good portion of the Inca force was already ailing from smallpox(though this disease also caused 8,000 of Huáscar’s troops to lose their lives. By the evening, when Atahualpa was captured, and then summarily beheaded by Huáscar’s orders, 18,000 Inca lay dead, whereas the Spanish and their allies suffered only light casualties (about 1,000 of their allies and four Spaniards were killed). This would ultimately culminate in Huáscar becoming the ruler of the entire Inca patrimony(Though there would be on and off resistance to his rule, many who opposed him would meet their end at the tip of Spanish steel) and soon enough the Spanish king would receive Galleons filled to the brim with gold, courtesy of his new vassal.
In the other portion of the Spanish New World, Hernando de Soto the first Governor of Florida soon solidified control over the entire landmass, for with the help of the tribes allied to him(the Tequesta and Calusa) he managed to subjugate the opposing tribes in the region.
Meanwhile, near New Angouleme, the French started to colonize up the river Cartier (3) where they found that the lush lands facilitated the growth of newly discovered Tobacco, where several sprawling plantations would go on to be established. This, however, would spell disaster for the local indigenous tribe, the Lenape, for they, already finding themselves devastated by European diseases, were now living on land that the French colonists eyed with envy. The result was rather predictable, the remaining Lenape were issued an ultimatum, to vacate those lands or face death. The Lenape, for their part, choose both, for while half of the tribe(mostly women and children) fled north, the fighting men of the tribe launched a courageous last stand against the French militia, north of New Angouleme. The opposing sides of the battle were fifty Lenape, and forty French militiamen. Soon enough, when the two sides met in battle, the butchery began, and though the Lenape fought fiercely, they were killed almost to the last man (4) losing a total of forty men killed, while twelve French militiamen were killed during the skirmish. As a result of this, the French would successfully continue their northward expansion, which would go on to pay dividends to the French crown.
Further north, the English would continue their colonization of the lands surrounding the St. George river, and would go on to make a generous offer to the local tribes: Any native that converted to Catholicism could join the local militia, and would be eligible to hold high office. This act would more or less grant the converts full English citizenship, in an effort to encourage conversion in the region.
Back in Europe, in Portugal, devastating news would spread throughout the realm, as on February 7th, the Infante Duarte, second son of the King and Queen of Portugal died, less than a month after his first birthday.
In Milan, on April 11th, Ludovico Sforza and his wife Princess Renee of France, had their second child together, a daughter named Beatrice after Ludovico’s paternal grandmother, the still-beautiful patron of the arts, Beatrice d'Este.
To the south, at Florence, Louise of Savoy and Duke Alessandro I of Florence would welcome the arrival of their fourth child, a daughter named Maria, after her maternal grandmother. Shortly afterwards, Duke Alessandro, would go on to take his newest mistress, in the form of his wife’s illegitimate half-sister Agnes of Savoy. When the Duchess of Savoy discovered the affair, she simply did nothing, for she was close to her half-sister, and preferred her husband to sleep with women that she had a good relationship with, for they wouldn’t be much of a threat(5).
In Naples meanwhile, on June 2nd Maria of Aragon, Queen of Naples, and King Ferdinand III of Naples would have their sixth child, though disappointingly enough the girl was stillborn.
Far to the north, on July 22nd , in The Holy Roman Empire, Charles V and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary welcomed the arrival of their seventh child, a girl named Eleanor, after the Emperor’s elder sister, Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland.
Meanwhile, in Bavaria, on July 29th, Duke William IV of Bavaria and Margaret of Savoy would have their last child, a girl named Wilhelmina, after both her father and deceased elder brother.
Further north, in Sweden, on August 13th, King Gustav I of Sweden and Hedwig of Poland would have their second child, a girl named Barbara, in honor of Hedwig’s late mother, a gesture which was said to have deeply touched the young Queen.
In England meanwhile, on September 15th, King Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon would become grandparents for the first time, though not in a manner that they approved of, for their grandchild was an illegitimate one. It would seem that Prince Henry, third of his name to hold the Duchy of York was a rather lustful and impatient young man, for since he was sixteen, he was engaged in a semi-secret affair with the Lady Madge Shelton(b.1508), one of his mother’s ladies-in-waiting. It was said that Catherine of Aragon, though a usually affectionate mother, was absolutely irate at the news of the birth of George Fitzroy, and openly demanded that her second son go on a pilgrimage to do penance for his ,”Brazen sins.”
Henry VIII, the King of England, for his part could understand what his son did, for he himself had taken mistresses during his wife’s many pregnancies, but was somewhat frustrated at his son’s lack of precautions, for he was also careful not to sire illegitimate children of his own. After hearing his wife’s demand the king was said to have chuckled a little and said,”Just try to do right by the girl of Cleves once you are wed.”
Just a week later, the royal couple would accompany their eldest daughter, Mary Tudor to Lorraine(where they would also meet with Catherine’s sister, Juana of Aragon, the Dowager Empress of the Holy Roman Empire), where she wed the fifteen-year old Francis of Lorraine(6). Despite the age difference, the couple seemed to be rather enamored with one another, for both were rather charming and attractive, and the two shared a common interest in music.
Back in England, shortly after the return of the King and Queen they would welcome the arrival of their eldest legitimate grandchild, for, on Christmas day, Anne of Cleves, Princess of Wales went into labor for the first time. Although the labor was somewhat difficult, after four hours the Princess of Wales birthed a healthy child, a girl, named Catherine, after her paternal grandmother.

(1) The geographic locations of Huáscar and Athalupa are switched here, giving the former the opportunity to access Spanish aid.
(2) A rarer form of mixed-race marriage between an indigenous man and a European woman, their son Pedro, would go on to marry an Inca noblewoman and inherit his father's lands
(3) OTL Hudson River
(4) The Lenape would survive, in some form, and join the Iroquois Confederacy, in opposition to the French
(5) The expression "Like mother, like daughter" may ring a bell here
(6) I changed Mary Tudor the younger's marriage, as @BlueFlowwer kindly pointed out she could do better than a Howard, while @Jan Olbracht helpfully gave me the suggestion of Francis of Lorraine


Francisco Pizarro
Francisco Pizarro - Wikipedia

Huáscar, Grand Prince of the Inca
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Ines Pizzaro, Grand Princess of the Inca
Foschi A woman playing the spinet.jpg

Prince Henry, Duke of York
800px-Portrait_of_a_falconer_by_Hans_Holbein_the_Younger.jpg

A modern depiction of Lady Madge Shelton
Lady Margaret Shelton or Pretty Madge - The Anne Boleyn Files

Francis of Lorraine
Francis I, Duke of Lorraine - Wikipedia

Mary Tudor
NPG 428; Queen Mary I - Portrait - National Portrait Gallery
 
1533
With the beginning of this year, came tragedy in France, as one of King Francis II’s sons became deathly ill. Prince Henri, Duke of Anjou, would be the one to die, for in early February, the thirteen-year-old contracted smallpox(supposedly while exploring a disease-ridden home)(1) which left him bedridden for days. The Duke of Anjou would die of his illness after four days of suffering, on February 10th, leaving his father heartbroken at the death of yet another child. The news would cause the Prince’s stepmother, Blanca of Aragon(who held her stepsons Francis of Brittany and Henri, Duke of Anjou in higher regard than their brother Charles of Orleans), to go into labor a month early, on February 20th. Thankfully, both mother and child would survive the birth, and the safe arrival of her newborn daughter, Princess Joan(2) would soften the blow of her half-brother’s death.
In England, in the month of April, Prince Henry, Duke of York was wed to his betrothed, the fourteen-year-old Amalia of Cleves, in a fabulous ceremony at the Palace of Placentia, in the hopes that the Duke of York would be less interested in bedding his mistress when he was married. Naturally, such a thing did not occur, yet Amalia of Cleves, the new Duchess of York was willing to tolerate her husband’s infidelities, and impressed her mother-in-law, Catherine of Aragon, with her grace and skill in embroidery. The Duke of York for his part, would continue to prefer his older and more experienced mistress, but was happy to do his duty when it came to siring legitimate heirs if it got his mother to stop complaining about his lechery.
In the Holy Roman Empire, on May 18th, Emperor Charles V and his wife Anne of Bohemia and Hungary would have what would be their last child: a stillborn son. While the news was a little distressing, the Emperor believed the succession was secure enough, for he had two sons, two living brothers, and several nephews to inherit the Empire should some tragedy befall his own sons. Shortly after this, his youngest brother, Antoine of Austria, Duke of Württemberg, finally married, after a series of on and off betrothals with princesses throughout the Empire. The Duke’s wife was the fifteen-year-old Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg, raised to be a Catholic by her strict mother, to improve her chances of making a good marriage. While it could not be said that the two were passionately in love, Antoine and Clara respected each other, and though Antoine had occasional affairs, he was always careful to keep them discreet.
To the south, in late Savoy, Phillip of Savoy, and Susanna of Bavaria had their eighth child, a girl, named Anna on May 23rd. Shortly after this, Phillip’s eldest son, Philibert of Savoy, now fifteen, wed his betrothed, the seventeen-year-old, Princess Elizabeth of England, in what would mostly be a marriage of convenience.
Back in France, on June 4th, Duke Peter III of Bourbon, and his second wife, Eleanor de Foix(3) welcomed the arrival of their eldest child, a girl named Anne, after the elder of his two younger sisters, Anne de Bourbon, Duchess of Longueville, who was married to Louis II d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville. Just three days later, the Duke’s other younger sister, Charlotte de Bourbon, and her husband, Jean de Foix, the son and heir of Gaston de Foix, Duke of Nemours, had their first child, also named Anne, for both the Duchess de Longueville, and Jean’s mother, the Countess D’Auvergne.
Sad news would come from Bavaria on July 9th, when Duke William IV of Bavaria’s and Margaret of Savoy’s eldest son, Theodor of Bavaria, caught a case of Tuberculosis and died of the illness.
In Milan meanwhile, on June 19th, Ludovico Sforza and Renee of France, had their third child, and crucially, their only son, Massimiliano Sforza, named for the Duke of Milan.
In Ferrara, on July 13th, Ercole D’Este and Catherine of Austria had their third child, a son named Carlo, after Catherine’s brother, the Holy Roman Emperor.
To the east, in Hungary, on October 10th, King Louis II of Hungary and Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary brought their sixth child into the world, a daughter named Joanna, for Mary’s mother Juana of Aragon. Unfortunately, Princess Joanna was not destined to be long for this world and died just a day after her birth.
In early December, much to the consternation of the young couple, Mary of England would miscarry her first pregnancy by Francis of Lorraine, though to his credit the young man did his best to comfort his wife.

(1) Here Henri dies to his younger brother's stupidity, and the title of Duc D'anjou will be granted to his half-brother Jean
(2)Named after Joan of France, Duchess of Berry because I'm running low on names for Valois girls without recycling those of Francis's dead elder daughters
(3)I'll update the family trees in my next post, I've added the houses of Bourbon and Foix(Eleanor is the eldest daughter of Gaston de Foix and Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne).

Amalia of Cleves, Duchess of York
Hans Holbein d. J. - Portrait of Margaret Wyatt, Lady Lee - WGA11574.jpg

Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Württemberg
Joos van Cleve 014.jpg

Antoine of Austria, Duke of Württemberg
Jean Clouet, Portrait de Louis de Clèves, comte de Nevers.jpg

Princess Elizabeth of England
800px-Elizabeth_I_when_a_Princess.jpg

Philibert of Savoy
Lucas Cranach d. J., Bildnis eines jungen Mannes (1533) (2).JPG
 
1533 Family Trees
House of Trastámara
Juan III of Castile and Aragon(b.1478, r . from 1492 in Aragon, r. from 1514 in Castile, d.1521) m. Margaret of Austria, Queen of Aragon, (b. 1480) had issue
1) Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) m. Massimiliano Sforza, Duke of Milan(b.1493) has issue
2) Ferdinand, VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Princess Mary Tudor of England, Queen of Spain (b.1496, d.1528) ,had issue, took Micaela de Castro as a mistress(b.1510), had issue 2nd marriage to Philiberta of Savoy, Queen of Spain(b.1498) has issue,
3) Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre(b.1494) has issue
4) Infanta Maria, Queen of Naples(b.1503) m. King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488) has issue
5) Infante Alfonso(b.1504, d.1504)
6) Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505) has issue 2nd marriage to Leonor de Castro(b.1512), Duchess of Urgell, has issue
7) Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) has issue
8) Infanta Eleanor(Royal Nun)(b.1511)
9) Infanta Blanca, Queen of France(b.1512) m.King Francis I of France(b.1494) has issue
Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499) m. Mary of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496, d.1528) had issue 2nd marriage to Philiberta of Savoy, has issue
1a)Infanta Margarita(b.1515, d.1515)
2a)Miscarriage(1517)
3a)Juan, Prince of Asturias(b.1518) eng.Infanta Eleanor of Portugal(b.1519)
4a)Infanta Juana(b.1521), eng.Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527)
5a)Infante Alfonso(b.1523)
6a)Miscarriage(1525)
7a)Infanta Isabella(b.1528)
1b)Ferdinand Fernandez(b.1529)
1c)Infante Felipe(b.1531)
Infante Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz (b.1501) m. Princess Magdalena of Navarre, Duchess of Cafiz(b.1494) has issue
1)Sancho de Trastámara(b.1520) eng.Catherine de Medici(b.1519)
2)Stillborn daughter(1522)
3)Pedro de Trastámara(b.1525)
4)Gabriel de Trastámara(b.1528)

Infante Jaime, Duke of Urgell(b.1506)m. Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, sister of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (b.1505, d.1529) has issue, 2nd marriage to Leonor de Castro(
1a)Margarita de Trastámara, Duchess of Escalona(b.1521)m. Diego López Pacheco, 3rd Duke of Escalona (b.1506)
2a)Garcia de Trastámara(b.1522) eng.Maddalena de Medici(b.1519)
3a)Carlos de Trastámara(b.1524)
4a)Stillborn son(1526)
5a)Stillborn son(1528)
6a)Francisco de Trastámara(b.1529, d.1529)
1b)Álvaro de Trastámara(b.1532)

Infanta Urraca, Duchess of Alba(b.1508)m. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba(b.1507) has issue
1)Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo(b.1526)
2)García Álvarez de Toledo (b.1528)
3)Diego Álvarez de Toledo (b.1530)
4) Beatriz Álvarez de Toledo (b.1533)
House of Aviz
Manuel I of Portugal(b.1469, r. from 1495, d.1521) m.Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal(b.1470) has issue
1)Miscarriage(1496)
2)Miguel I of Portugal(b.1498) m. Catherine Tudor, Princess of England(b.1501) has issue
3)Infante Afonso(b.1500) m. Helena de Lencastre (b.1503) has issue
4)Infanta Isabella(b.1502, d.1502)
5)Infanta Beatrice Duchess of Braganza(b.1505)m. Teodesio, Duke of Braganza(b.1510), has issue
6)Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda(b.1507) m. Guiomar Coutinho(b.1509) has issue
7)Infante Antonio(b.1509, d.1509)
8)Miscarried daughter(1511)
Miguel I of Portugal,(b.1498) m.Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501) has issue
1)Infanta Eleanor(b.1519) eng.Juan Prince of Asturias(b.1518)
2)Miscarriage(1521)
3)Infanta Isabella(b.1523)
4)Infanta Maria(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Manuel, Prince of Portugal(b.1527)
6)Infanta Teresa(b.1527)
7)Infante Eduarte(b.1531, d.1532)
House von Habsburg
Phillip I, Holy Roman Emperor,(b.1478, r. from 1482 in Burgundy, and from 1521 in The Holy Roman Empire, d.1530 ) m.Juana of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress(b.1479) has issue
1)Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland(b.1498) m. Sigismund I of Poland(b.1467) has issue
2)Charles of Austria(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary(b.1503)has issue
3)Isabella of Austria(b.1501)m. King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) has issue
4)Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Inner Austria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France, Duchess of Inner Austria(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
5)Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) m. King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506) has issue
6)Catherine of Austria(b.1507) m. Ercole D’este(b.1510) has issue
7)Frederick of Austria Archduke of Tyrol(b.1509, d.1530) m. Barbara Fugger (b.1510) has issue
1)Maragaret of Austria(b.1527)
2)Leopold of Austria, Archduke of Tyrol(b.1531, posthamous son)
8)Antoine of Austria, Duke of Württemberg (b.1512) m. Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Württemberg(b.1518)
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor(b.1500) m.Princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, Holy Roman Empress(b.1503), has issue, also has bastard issue
1a)Elizabeth of Austria(b.1520) eng. Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518)
2a)Phillip of Austria(b.1522) eng.Isabella of Aragon(b.1528P
3a)Anna of Austria(b.1523, d.1524)
4a)Maximillian of Austria(b.1526) eng.Princess Catherine of Hungary(b.1526)
5a)Joanna of Austria(b.1528)
6a)Catherine of Austria(b.1530)
7a)Eleanor of Austria(b.1532)
8a)Stillborn son(1533)
1b)Margaret of Parma(b.1522)
Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke of Inner Austria(b.1503) m.Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Princess Marie of France(b.1505) has living issue by the latter
1a)Stillborn Daughter(1521)
1b)John of Austria(b.1523, d.1523)
2b)Ferdinand of Austria(b.1525)
3b)Eleanor of Austria(b.1526, d.1526)
4b)Margaret of Austria(b.1528)
5b)Anna of Austria(b.1530)
6b)Frederick of Austria(b.1533)

House of Savoy
Phillibert II, Duke of Savoy(b.1480, r. from 1497) m.Maria of Aragon, Duchess of Savoy(b.1482), has mistress Teresa de Bivero, has issue by both
1a)Phillip of Savoy(b.1499) m.Susanna of Bavaria, (b.1502) has issue
2a)Margaret of Savoy(b.1501) m. William IV, Duke of Bavaria(b.1493) has issue
3a)Louis of Savoy(b.1503) m.Leonora Sforza
4a)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1504, d.1504)
5a)Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) m.Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510), has issue
6a)Charles of Savoy(b.1508)
7a)John of Savoy(b.1510)
8a)Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511) m.Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)
9a)William of Savoy(b.1513)
10a)Emmanuel of Savoy(b.1515, d.1531)
1b)Agnes of Savoy(b.1511)
2b)Nicolas of Savoy(b.1516)
Phillip of Savoy(b.1499), m.Susanna of Bavaria(b.1502) has issue
1)Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) m. Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515), has issue
2)Ferdinand of Savoy(b.1520)
3)Albert of Savoy(b.1522, d.1522)
4)Maria of Savoy(b.1524) eng.Prince Charles of France, Duke of Orleans(b.1522)
5)Matilda of Savoy(b.1527)
6)Isabella of Savoy(b.1529, d.1529)
7)Phillip of Savoy(b.1531, d.1531)
8)Anna of Savoy(b.1533)
Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) m. Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515), has issue
1)Phillip of Savoy(b.1533)
House of Tudor
King Henry VII of England(b.1458 r. from 1485, d. 1509) m.Elizabeth of York Queen of England(b.1466, d.1511) had issue
1)Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales (b.1486, d. 1501) eng. Catherine of Aragon, died without issue
2)Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489) m.James IV Stuart, King of Scots(b.1473) had issue, 2nd marriage to John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) has issue
3)King Henry VIII of England(b.1491) m. Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485)
4)Mary Tudor, Princess of England, Queen of Spain(b.1496) m. King Ferdinand VI of Spain(b.1499)
5)Edward Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1499, d.1499)
6)Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Katherine Stafford, Duchess of Somerset (b.1499), has issue
7)Princess Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal(b.1501), m. King Miguel I of Portugal has issue
King Henry VIII of England(b.1491, r.from 1509) m.Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England(b.1485), has issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1506)
2)Stillborn daughter(1507)
3)Arthur, Prince of Wales(b.1509) m.Anne of Cleves(b.1515) has issue
1)Catherine of England(b.1532)
4)Princess Mary of England(b.1510)m.Francis of Lorraine(b.1517) has issue
5)Prince Henry, Duke of York(b.1512) m.Amalia of Cleves(b.1517), has Lady Margaret "Madge" Shelton(b.1508) as a mistress, issue by the latter
1b)George FitzYork(b.1532)
6)Prince Edward of England, Duke of Richmond (b.1514)eng.Mary Howard(b.1519)
7)Princess Elizabeth of England(b.1515)m. Phillibert of Savoy(b.1518) has issue
8)Princess Edith of England(b.1519)eng.Prince John of Denmark(b.1518)
9)Miscarriage(1521)
10)Prince Thomas of England(b.1523)
Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset(b.1500) m. Lady Katherine Stafford(b.1499), has issue
1)Elizabeth Tudor(b.1516, d.1516)
2)Stillborn daughter(1519)
3)Jasper Tudor(b.1521)
4)Edward Tudor(b.1525)
5)Henry Tudor(b.1527, d.1527)
6)Eleanor Tudor(b.1529)
7)Margaret Tudor(b.1531)

House of Borgia
Giovanni Borgia, Duke of Gandia(b.1474, d.1497, r. from 1488) m. Maria Enriquez de Luna(b.1474, d.1539) had issue
1)Juan Borgia y Enriquez, Duke of Gandia (b.1494)
2)Francisca de Jesus Borgia(b.1494)
3.Isabel de Borgia y Enriquez(b.1497)
Cesare Borgia, Gonfalnier of The Papal Armies and Duke of Romagna(b.1475, d.1508) m. Princess Charlotte of Naples(b.1480) had issue
1)Anna Borgia(b.1499)
2)Rodrigo Borgia(b.1501, d.1502)
3)Pedro Luis Borgia(b.1502)
4)Cesare Borgia(b.1504 d.1504)
5)Lucrezia Borgia(b.1507)
Gioffre Borgia, Duke of Alveito m.Sancha of Aragon(b.1478, d.1505 died without issue), 2nd m. Giovanna, of Naples(b.1479) has issue
1)Francesco Borgia(b.1507)
2)Francesca Borgia(b.1509, d.1509)
3)Giovanna Francesca Borgia(b.1512)m.Amadeus of Savoy(b.1511)
4)Ferdinand Borgia(b.1515)
5)Alfonso Borgia(b.1516, d.1517)
6)Miscarriage(1519)
7)Sibilia Borgia(b.1522)
House of Aragon
Lucrezia Borgia Duchess of Montalnto(b.1480), m.Alfonso of Aragon(b. 1481 d.1508), m. Ferdinand of Aragon, Duke of Montalto(b.1482) has issue by both
1a)Rodrigo of Aragon(b.1499)
2a)Stillborn daughter(1501)
3a)Sancho of Aragon(b.1504)
4a)Misscarriage(1506)
5a)Alfonso of Aragon(b.1509)
1b)Giovanna of Aragon(b.1512)
2b)Anna of Aragon(b.1514, d.1514)
3b)Inés of Aragon(b.1517)
House of Sforza(Dukes of Milan)
Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan(b. 1452, r. from 1494) m.Beatrice D’este, Duchess of Milan(b.1475), took Lucrezia Crivelli as a Mistress has issue by both
1a)Massimiliano Sforza(b.1493), m. to Infanta Isabella of Aragon(b.1498)
2a)Francesco Sforza(b.1495)
3a)Stillborn Son(1497)
4a)Leonora Sforza(b.1500) m. Louis of Savoy(b.1503)
5a)Miscarriage(1502)
6a)Bianca Sforza(b.1504, d.1521) m.Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke of Inner Austria(b.1503) no living issue
7a)Ricciarda Sforza(b.1507)
8a)Niccolo Sforza(b.1509)
1b)Giovanni Paolo Sforza(b.1497
2b)Francesca Sforza(1503)
Massimiliano Sforza Duke of Milan(b.1493) m.Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan(b.1498) has issue
1)Ludovico Sforza(b.1513), m. Princess Renee of France(b.1510)
2)Miscarriage(1514)
3)Francesco Sforza(b.1516)
4)Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517) eng.Crown Prince Sigismund of Poland(b.1519)
5)Alessandra Sforza(b.1519)
6)Stillborn daughter(1521)
7)Caterina Sforza(b.1522)
8)Agnese Sforza(b.1524, d.1524)
9)Giovanni Sforza(b.1526, d.1526)
10)Martino Sforza(b.1529)
Ludovico Sforza(b.1513) m.Princess Renne of France(b.1510) has issue
1)Isabella Sforza(b.1530)
2)Beatrice Sforza(b.1532)
3)Massimiliano Sforza(b.1533)
House of Valois
Louis XII of France(b.1462) m.Anne of Brittany, Queen of France(b.1477, d.1514) had issue
1a)Claude of France, Duchess of Brittany(b.1499) m. Francis I of France(b.1494)
2a)Miscarriage(1500)
3a)Miscarriage(1503)
4a)Princess Marie of France m.Ferdinand of Austria, Duke of Inner Austriab.1505) has issue
5a)Stillborn son(1508)
6a)Princess Renee of France(b.1510) m.Ludovico Sforza
7a)Stillborn son(1512)
King Francis I of France(b.1494, r from 1515) m.Claude of France, Queen of France(b.1499, d.1522) had issue, m. Blanca of Aragon, Queen of France(b.1512) has issue
1a)Princess Louise of France(b.1516, d.1517)
2a)Princess Charlotte of France(b.1516, d.1524)
3a)Francis, Dauphin of France(b.1518), eng.Elizabeth of Austria(b.1520)
4a)Prince Henri, Duke of Anjou(b.1519, d.1533)
5a)Princess Madeline of France(b.1520), eng. King James V of Scotland(b.1515)
6a)Prince Charles, Duke of Orleans(b.1521) eng.Maria of Savoy(b.1524)
7a)Marguerite of France(b.1522) eng.Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523)
1b)Prince Jean, Duke of Anjou(b.1529)
2b)Prince Louis(b.1531, d.1531)
3b)Princess Joan(b.1533)

House of Bourbon
Suzanne, Duchess of Burbon(b.1491, d.1516) m.Charles III, Duke of Bourbon(b.1490, d.1529) had issue
1)Miscarriage(1507)
2)Miscarriage(1510)
3)Miscarriage(1511)
4)Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514)
5)Anne de Bourbon, Duchess of Longueville(b.1516)
6)Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1516), m. Jean de Foix
Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514) m.Isabella de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon (ATL cousin of Gaston de Foix) (b.1513, d.1530) 2nd. marriage to Eleanor de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon(b.1517) issue by both
1a)Charles de Bourbon(b.1528, d.1528)
2a)Stilbborn daughter(1529)
3a)Suzanne de Bourbon(b.1530
1b)Anne de Bourbon(b.1533)

House de Foix
Gaston de Foix, Duke of Nemours(b.1489) m. Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne(b.1496) has issue
1)Jean de Foix(b.1516) m. Charlotte de Bourbon(b.1515) has issue
2)Eleanor de Foix, Duchess of Bourbon(b.1517) m.Duke Peter III of Bourbon(b.1514) has issue
3)Marie de Foix(b.1519, d.1519)
4)Charles de Foix(b.1522)
5)Louis de Foix(b.1525)

House of Lorraine
Francis of Lorraine(b.1517) m.Mary of England(b.1510) has issue
1)Miscarriage(1533)
House of Stuart
King James IV of Scotland(b.1473, d.1516) m. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots(b.1489), had issue
1)Stillborn daughter(1509)
2) Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay(b.1512-d.1512)
3)James V of Scotland(b.1515) eng.Princess Madeline of France(b.1520)
4)Prince Alexander, Duke of Ross(b.1516)
John Stuart, Duke of Albany(b.1481) m. Margaret Tudor(b.1489), Queen mother of Scotland and Duchess of Albany, has issue
1)Robert Stuart(b.1518)
2)David Stuart(b.1520, d.1520)
3)Annabella Stuart(b.1522)

House d’Este
Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara(b.1476) m.Anna Sforza(b.1476. d.1497, no living issue) 2nd m.Bona Sforza, Duchess of Ferrara(b.1494) has issue
1)Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
2)Eleanora d’Este(b.1515)
3)Isabella d’Este(b.1518)
4)Stillborn daughter(1520)
5)Ippolito d’Este(b.1523, d.1523)
6)Miscarriage (1525)
7)Ippolita d’Este(b.1527)

Ercole d’Este(b.1511) m. Catherine of Austria(b.1507) has issue
1)Alfonso d’Este(b.1528)
2)Ippolito d'Este(b.1530, d.1530)
3)Carlo d'Este(b.1533)

House De Medici
Duke Alessandro I of Florence(b.1510, r.from 1526) m.Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence(b.1506) has issue
1)Lorenzo de Medici(b.1527) eng. Infanta Juana of Aragon(b.1521)
2)Piero de Medici(b.1528, d.1528)
3)Alfonsina de Medici(b.1530)
4)Maria de Medici(b.1532)
Neapolitan House of Trastámara
King Ferdinand III of Naples(b.1488, r.from 1507) m.Maria of Aragon, Queen of Naples(b.1503), has issue
1)Princess Isabella of Naples(b.1520)
2)Miscarriage (1521)
3)Frederick, Duke of Calabria(b.1523) eng.Princess Margurite of France(b.1522)
4)Prince Pedro of Naples(b.1524, d.1524)
5)Prince Alfonso of Naples(b.1527)
6)Prince Giovanni of Naples(b.1530)
7)Stillborn Daughter(1532)
Bastard issue by Flora Strozzi(b.1499)
1b)Leonora of Aragon(b.1524)
2b)Carlos of Aragon(b.1528)
3b)Antonio of Aragon(b.1529, d.1529)
4b)Ricciarda of Aragon(b.1532)
House of Wittelsbach
Duke William IV of Bavaria(b.1493) m.Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Bavaria(b.1501), has issue
1)Miscarriage(1518)
2)Theodor of Bavaria(b.1520, d.1533)
3)Albert of Bavaria(b.1523)
4)Kunigunde of Bavaria(b.1525, d.1525)
5)William of Bavaria(b.1528, d.1529)
6)Wilhemina of Bavaria(b.1532)

House of Oldenburg
King Christian II of Denmark(b.1481) m.Isabella of Austria, Queen of Denmark(b.1501), has issue
1)Prince John of Denmark(b.1518) eng.Princess Edith of England(b.1519)
2)Prince Phillip Ferdinand of Denmark(b.1519, d.1520)
3)Prince Maximillian(b.1519, d.1519)
4)Princess Dorothea of Denmark(b.1520)
5)Princess Christina of Denmark(b.1522)
6)Stillborn son(1523)
7)Prince Phillip of Denmark(b.1527)
8)Stillborn daughter(1530)
House Vasa
King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496) m.Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) has issue
1)Prince Erik, Duke of Kalmar(b.1530)
2)Princess Barbara(b.1532)
House Jagellion(Poland)
King Sigismund I “The Old” of Poland(b.1467) m.Barbara Zapoyla, Queen of Poland(b.1495, d.1515) had issue. 2nd marriage to Eleanor of Austria(b.1498), Queen of Poland, has issue
1a)Princess Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden(b.1513) m. King Gustav I of Sweden(b.1496)
2a)Princess Anna of Poland(b.1515, d.1520)
1b)Sigismund, Crown Prince of Poland(b.1519), eng.Bianca Maria Sforza(b.1517)
2b)Miscarriage(1522)
3b)Princess Isabella of Poland(b.1524)
4b)Princess Sophia of Poland(b.1526)
5b)Prince Wojech of Poland(b.1527, d.1527)

House Jagellion (Hungary)
King Louis II of Hungary(b.1506, r.from 1516) m.Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary(b.1505) has issue
1)Stillborn son(b.1523)
2)Princess Catherine of Hungary(b.1526)eng.Maximillian of Austria(b.1526)
3)Prince Vladislaus of Hungary(b.1528)eng.Ippolita d'Este(b.1527)
4)Prince Alexander of Hungary(b.1530, d.1531)
5)Princess Anne of Hungary(b.1531)
6)Princess Joanna of Hungary(b.1533, d.1533)
 
1534
As the year began, it became apparent that it would be a year of some change to the various ruling houses of Europe, particularly, for the primary branch of the House de Trastámara. This change would be wrought by two important events, firstly was the fact that in January Spain’s Queen, Philiberta of Savoy revealed that she was pregnant with King Ferdinand’s child for the second time in three years. Furthermore, in April, the Infanta Eleanor of Portugal arrived, at the Alcázar of Seville where she, accompanied by her grandmother, Isabella of Aragon, Queen Mother of Portugal was wed to her cousin, Juan, Prince of Asturias. While there was some initial difficulty in getting the Pope to acquiesce to such a match eventually, the wealth and power of the Kingdoms of Spain and Portugal convinced Pope Clement VII to grant a dispensation for the marriage. It was in this wedding that the prosperity of both kingdoms and their colonies was shown off in utter decadence. To illustrate this, in his work The Life and Reign of Ferdinand VI “The Bold” of Spain, Carlos Hernandez de Cordoba writes,”The bride and groom both wore outfits representing the colors of their respective kingdoms, The Infanta Eleanor wore a white gown with blue stitching, while Juan, Prince of Asturias wore a red-gold brocade over a blue tunic. The ceremony was officiated by Gaspar de Ávalos de la Cueva, the Archbishop of Granada, the most important priest in the entirety of the Iberian Peninsula. The Kings of Portugal and Spain also seemed eager to display the wealth of their colonies. King Miguel, and Queen Catherine of Portugal, mournful that they could not attend due to bouts of the flu, sent their daughter a wedding gift of several fine chairs made of Mahogany, the wood being derived from Portugal’s colony of Brazil. The Spanish naturally refused to be outshone, and the new Princess of Asturias was gritted by her husband with gifts of gold rings, silver crucifixes, and diamond necklaces. The dessert course of the feast included dishes from Spain’s colonies in the Caribbean and Mexico: Chilled fruits in the form of pineapple and guava, as well as a most popular drink among the upper-class across the Iberian Peninsula, chocolate. After the feast the groom and his father indulged themselves with a smoke of tobacco, a fairly new habit that had spread from Spain’s colony of Florida, something which Isabella of Aragon considered to be a sinful vice, yet she held her tongue for the sake of her granddaughter’s happiness. As for the bride and groom, the two saw much of each other over the course of the day, and both seemed to be the best combinations of their respective parents. The Princess of Asturias for her part had auburn hair, as a result of the combination of her red-gold haired father and dark-haired mother, while she inherited brown eyes from both of her parents. She was tall and lean in stature, in short, she was considered the most renowned beauty amongst the Portuguese Infantas. In regard to her personality, she was frank and honest, though not to the point of bluntness and was especially well-read in some of the rediscovered tales of Greek mythology, particularly those of the Goddess Demeter. The Prince of Asturias meanwhile inherited his father’s blonde hair and blue eyes, though he had the shape of his late mother’s eyes. He was nearly as tall as his father, and had the body of a soldier, not quite as burly as his father but was also slimmer. In regards to his personality he was charismatic, though a bit less flamboyant and prideful than his father, though he maintained his place as his father’s favorite son through his love of jousts, the art of war and hunting. Overall, bride and groom seemed well matched, and while they did not fall in love with one another as quickly as their parents, they eventually came to have a fairly loving marriage.”
Five months later, Queen Philiberta’s pregnancy mercifully came to its conclusion, which was initially seen as a relief, for it soon became apparent that she was either carrying a very large baby, or multiple children, as one of her ladies, Elvira Vargas y Silva wrote in June,”Her majesty is very miserable, she is annoyed that she has to void her bladder twice an hour, and cannot bear to lay even on her side, such is the strain she is placed under, I pray to god that she may soon find relief.” Early in the morning of September 7th, Queen Philiberta went into labour, which would ultimately last a grueling twelve hours. within the first four hours, she birthed the first of the two fraternal twins, a girl, the Infanta Ana (named for , and eight hours later it finally ended when a boy was expelled from her womb, the Infante Luis. It is unclear as to whether the younger twin was stillborn, or short-lived, and ultimately historians came to a compromise: It was initially thought that the baby was alive, but it later turned out to be a stillbirth, however, the stillborn son retained the name of Luis, as both children were named for the Queen’s paternal grandparents. Although they were saddened by the loss of the younger twin, the King and Queen of Spain were relieved that Philiberta and Ana survived. As for the choice of godparents, they ultimately decided upon Juan Carlos, Duke of Cadiz, Infanta Magdalena of Navarre, Duchess of Cadiz, as well as Philibert II, Duke of Savoy and his wife, the ailing Maria of Aragon, Duchess of Savoy, as gestures of good will to both the Spanish nobility, and the Duke of Savoy.

In Portugal, in June, just two months after their eldest child’s wedding, King Miguel I of Portugal, and Catherine of England, Queen of Portugal announced that the Queen was pregnant again, for it would seem that Catherine inherited her late mother’s fertility.
In Savoyard events, there was to be several important developments. The first is that in April Philibert of Savoy, the eldest son of his grandfather’s heir, Phillip, took a mistress. That mistress was one of his wife Elizabeth’s English maids of honor, the thirteen-year-old Margaret Carey, who like her mother, Mary Boleyn, would profit from being the mistress of a powerful man, though this affair irritated Philibert’s wife to no end, she realized that it would be all but impossible to force her husband to end the affair, as her grandmother-in-law and aunt Maria of Aragon said to her,”Asking some men not to whore is like asking them not to breath, I advise you not to waste your energy. In any case, your position is secure, you have birthed an heir, and no doubt you will produce more. My grandson may be a fool for not seeing your virtues, but he will come to appreciate the wealth and alliances that you have brought to this duchy.” Just two months later, on June 29th Phillip of Savoy and Susanna of Bavaria would have yet another child, a son named John, after both Phillip’s maternal uncle, King Juan III of Spain as well as his younger brother, John of Savoy, who had recently been invested as Archbishop of Turin.

To the west in French events there were to be two events, the first being one that would bring benefits to the French King, while the latter would bring nothing but headaches. To begin, in May, it was arranged that Prince Jean, Duke of Anjou, eldest son of King Francis I of France and Blanca of Aragon was engaged Suzanne de Bourbon, only surviving child that Duke Peter III’s first marriage with Isabella of Foix produced, who also happened to be her father’s heiress presumptive, though her stepmother’s second pregnancy in August would make it apparent that she may not permanently be her father’s heiress. The other event that was to take place was the Affair of the Placards (Known in France known as Affaire des Placards) in which followers of Huldrych Zwingli’s variant of Protestantism circulated placards denouncing the Catholic Eucharist, which forced the normally pragmatic King Francis to intervene. In the face of open, and apparently hostile heresy, the French King would have dozens of these vocal Protestants burnt at the stake, though this would only be the beginning of religious division that would threaten to tear France apart in the coming decades.

To the North, in England, there was also some signs of religious dissent, especially in the Southeastern regions of the Kingdom, namely Suffolk and Kent, the former of which would be on the receiving end of the worst of the violence. Suffolk was to be particularly damaged as there was to be two sects of Protestantism gaining followers, which would oppose both each other and the Catholic authorities. The first, unsurprisingly was the conventional variant of Lutheranism which had gained traction with Burghers and other city dwellers that were critical of the Catholic Church. The second, was a slightly more shocking one, Pederssonism, the sect of Anabaptism that compelled the Norwegians to drive out the King of Denmark and proclaim a Republic. The latter of the two sects was gaining less traction than the former, but it found considerable support amongst the urban poor and peasantry, who saw the rights afforded to their counterparts in Norway. Needless to say King Henry VIII was determined to stamp out both heresies, as it was natural for a “Defender of the Church” to do so. Thus, in October, he sent Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk with several thousand royal soldiers to pacify the region. The result was particularly bloody, as those who refused to recant were put to the sword, and fought against the Royal army, but within a week order was restored. Unfortunately, the news of such bloodshed greatly distressed the Princess of Wales, and two weeks later, at the end of October Anne of Cleves suffered a miscarriage.

In Sweden meanwhile, on December 20th, King Gustav I of Sweden and his wife Hedwig of Poland, Queen of Sweden welcomed the arrival of their fourth child, a son named John, father solidifying the Swedish succession.

Across the Baltic in the month of July, Poland’s Crown Prince, Sigismund, was wed to Bianca Maria Sforza, daughter of Duke Massimiliano I of Milan and his wife, Isabella of Aragon in a fabulous ceremony in Crackow. One Polish Chronicler, Józef Adamczyk wrote,”The lady Bianca Maria may bring our kingdom a rich dowry, but I fear that she is ill-matched for our Prince. She possesses a little charm, but is plain and hefty, were it not for the Prince’s youth I would be unsure if he could bring himself to bed the lady princess. His grace for his part is athletic and burly, and I would not be surprised if he makes his life more enjoyable by taking a mistress, it is rumored that the lady Barbara Radziwiłł dotes on him. It would be a good thing for her, her sister Anna is married to the Voivode of Nowogródek, and a place in the Prince’s heart would propel her family even higher.”

Far to the southwest, in Florence, there was to be one rather distressing event for the Ducal couple, for in the month of June, Louise of Savoy, Duchess of Florence would suffer a miscarriage.

Infanta Eleanor of Portugal, Princess of Asturias
Infanta Eleanor of Portugal, Princess of Asturias 1534.jpg

Juan, Prince of Asturias
Juan, Prince of Asturias 1534.jpg

Bianca Maria Sforza, Crown Princess of Poland
Bianca Maria Sforza, Crown Princess of Poland.jpg

Sigismund Jagellion, Crown Prince of Poland
Sigismund II Augustus - Wikipedia

Barbara Radziwill
bensozia: Józef Simmler The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł, 1860

Margaret Carey
Steven van der Meulen Catherine Carey Lady Knollys.jpg
 
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All seems well...Eleanor's frankness may not serve her well if she offends her husband, in laws, or courtiers. Must be hard for Philiberta to have lost one of her twins so soon. Also...I don't think Mary Boleyn/Carey would be old enough to have a daughter like that in 1534. She only married William Carey in 1520, so that would put Margaret at 12/13 years old at most.
 
All seems well...Eleanor's frankness may not serve her well if she offends her husband, in laws, or courtiers. Must be hard for Philiberta to have lost one of her twins so soon. Also...I don't think Mary Boleyn/Carey would be old enough to have a daughter like that in 1534. She only married William Carey in 1520, so that would put Margaret at 12/13 years old at most.
Oh yes, while they are in the stage of being courteous to the new Princess of Asturias, her personality may come to clash with other's, though fortunately she is not quite as brutally honest/rude as her husband's aunt, the Queen of Naples. It was indeed very hard for Philiberta, though fortunately this will be the only child of her's that dies young. Thank you for pointing out the age of Mary's daughter, I decided to make her thirteen years old, very young to be someone's mistress but then again it may not be suprising given the tales of her mother's years abroad(here Mary served Margurite D'Angloueme for the period before her marriage).. Thank you very much!!!
 
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