Well, in fact no, Spain's internal borders have been (for the most part) the same from 1833. This were Spain's subdivisions from 1833 until the 1930's.Spain's internals are off, the current model of autonomies dates to 1983. Back in 1918 Spain's first level of subdivision was the provinces, followed by the municipalities (which would be too small to fit in, what is seen in the map are comarcas [shires], which weren't created until much later). Only the Basque Country, Navarre and Catalonia (the Commonwealth there lasted from 1914 to 1925) had some degree of autonomy or power above the province level.
Obviously there were not any autonomies, but just provinces grupped in Regions.
They are similar to today's Autonomous Communities but not the exact same ones.