I made this map a while ago, just to visualize how the word "India" had spread from referring to one river to being the name of several countries and states. Then I figured I would take it to the next level, and include anywhere that was historically related in any way to India. Then, I made a (very ASB) scenario to see how a "country" like this could come about. Enjoy!
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POD:
Muhammad Iqbal died at age 17 from appendicitis, so he was never able to propagate his idea of an independent Muslim state on the Indian subcontinent.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah is widely considered a key member to the founding of the All Indian Union, second only to Mahatma Gandhi himself. Jinnah joined the Indian National Congress in 1904, and quickly became known for his support of Hindu-Muslim unity. Following the division of Bengal, Jinnah traveled to England to personally argue for its reunification before parliament. Jinnah also argued that several colonies that had been part of the British Raj should be reunified with the Raj in order to promote trade and economic growth. While on this point he was less successful, British Somaliland was reincorporated into the Raj, and plans to split off Aden and Burma from the Raj were also dropped. He briefly left politics during the 1920s because of ideological differences from the majority of the Indian National Congress, but returned in the 1930s to present his 14 Points of Unity. Jinnah’s rhetoric was key in maintaining Muslim faith in a unified India, and Jinnah worked with Gandhi to rally the popular support of Muslims during the nonviolent protests against British Rule.
British rule ended May 1, 1946. The newly independent All Indian Union faced low level religious and ethnic violence in the first few years, but this died down. The Union quickly became involved in foreign affairs, joining the United Nations, and providing support for the Indonesian rebels and for Tibet, which was fighting against communist China. Tibet was able to maintain independence with Indian help, but Indonesia proved to be more of a thorn. India was one of the first countries to recognize Indonesia’s independence, and Nehru, who was fond of Indonesian culture, sent an expeditionary force to Indonesia to help in the fight. Nehru also personally talked with Sukarno, the president of Indonesia, and the two of them bonded over their support of socialist policies. As the Indonesian Anti-colonial War dragged on, the two nations grew closer. Sukarno and Nehru secretly negotiated a pact in which India would send troops to help in the fight, and in return Indonesia would unify with India after the war. The reasoning behind this unorthodox negotiation was that Indonesia desperately needed help, and Nehru hoped that by almost doubling the population of Muslims in India, he could prevent Indian Muslims from rebelling. The Pact was signed June 10, 1948, and the dutch soon recognized the loss of Indonesia.
At the same time, the Communist Party of China had all but won the Chinese civil war, but Tibet was still occupied by India. India planned on removing their troops, but the Dalai Lama instead requested to be annexed by India, for their own protection. India obliged, which greatly hurt relations between India and China. China and India did not extend diplomatic recognition to each other until 1976. Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan were surrounded by India, and entered into a customs union that allowed for free travel across their borders into India and removed all trade barriers. All three countries joined India after the Great Recession of 1994.
Throughout the 1950s, the massive All Indian Union worked on promoting their ideals of pacifism and neutrality. While the nation did not expand its borders during this decade, economic trade grew with nations around the world, especially in eastern Africa. The Non Aligned movement was founded in 1959, with the three founding nations being India, Yugoslavia, and Egypt. As European colonies gained independence, many joined the Non Aligned Movement.
In 1960 France withdrew from NATO, following disputes with the USA and UK over sovereignty and what France perceived as USA-UK conspiring. This shocked the world, and led to the split of NATO entirely. The USA, UK, Iceland, Holland, Turkey, Norway, Denmark, and West Germany remained as NATO. France, Italy, Greece, Portugal, Belgium, and Luxembourg created the European Mutual Defense Organization, or EMDO.
The whole world was shocked by this, but in the USA it caused a firestorm. Losing half of NATO caused president Stevenson to resign, and Michael DiSalle became President of the USA. Even before the dissolution of NATO, desegregation had been tearing the USA apart, but now the Federal government had been humiliated as it never had before. Many pro-segregation southern state governments now openly defied orders to desegregate school, buses, and other state run enterprises, and used their State Troopers to re-enforce segregation. DiSalle, while charismatic, was inexperienced, and floundered with how to deal with what was later named The American Power Struggle. However, the decision was soon taken out of his hands as the southern States declared that they would no longer take orders from Washington that they did not agree with. Federal forts were surrounded by State Troopers and forced to evacuate the south. Delegations from every southern state met in Richmond, and discussed how to defend their newfound autonomy. DiSalle threatened to deploy the army in order to enforce the Federal Government, but was to hesitant to follow through. He did not want any bloodshed, and tried to negotiate his was out of the crisis. By being so indecisive, DiSalle had granted the South de facto independence without a fight. In the south, August 12 1961 is still celebrated as the Day of Independence.
The rest of the country was outraged, and DiSalle was impeached in early 1962. Dean Rusk became president, but by that time it was too late to easily force the South to rejoin. Months of inaction had discredited the federal government in the eyes of every american, and the south had used these months to prepare for any interference from the north. Coupled with the fact that the armed forced had been decimated by southerners defecting and returning home, there seemed to be no easy solution. At the same time, around the world countries were turning to the USSR and India while the USA unwound. The federal government could not reunite the south, and throughout the 1960s more and more states began to ignore the federal government, and the federal government began to do less and less. The USA evacuated their forces from Vietnam in 1967. It was the last war America was involved in.
While the USA was collapsing, India was expanding. In 1963 the Malaysian Federation was created as a union of the Malaya Federation and the former British Colonies of Sarawak, Brunei, and North Borneo. The people of the Malaysia were ethnically similar to the people of the East Indies and spoke almost the same language. The East Indians wanted Malaysia to be part of India, but Malaysia wanted to stay independent. This led to the Konfrontasi (Indonesian for Confrontation), also known as the Indian-Malaysian War. India invaded Malaysia with the expressed interest of conquering it. While this was deplored by the International community, no country was willing to help Malaysia out of fear of provoking India. The USSR felt that controlling Indochina was enough influence in Southeast Asia, and did not feel compelled to do more than complain to the United Nations. Malaysia fought bravely, but is was almost surrounded by India before the war started, and had a weak military. Malaysia was conquered in 1964, and did not become an Indian state until 1984. East Timor was bought from Portugal by India in 1970.
In 1965 the West Indies Federation voted to join the All Indian Union. Both the USA and UK appeared to be growing weaker by the day, and they needed someone to support them. There was also a large population of Indian descent on the islands, especially after Guyana joined the federation in 1963.
On September 4, 1978 the United States of America was officially dissolved. By that point only the Mid Atlantic States participated in the federal government, and the Cold War had shifted from USA vs USSR to USSR vs India and EMDO. The Southern States created the Confederation of American States, the west formed the Pacific State of America, and in the Midwest and East most states simply went their own ways as independent countries, at least in the beginning. In the Midwest, many nations struggled economically, and looked for something to support them. Most states turned to Canada, but in the Republic of Indiana, President Robert Orr tried a more international approach. At first he tried bringing his country closer to Brazil, but after the Brazilian Civil War broke out, he was back on the market. Jokingly, he said at a press conference that he would talk with the All Indian Union to see if having “India” in your country’s name was enough reason to join the Union.
However, a week later he got a call from Charan Singh, the Prime Minister of India. Singh was hoping to create an alliance/trade deal with one or more Midwestern nations in order to have a country to provide the West Indies food, among other things. In return India would provide military defense for Indiana, should Indiana need it, along with some other perks. Indiana accepted.
Throughout the 1980s and into the 1990s Indiana grew closer and closer to India economically. However, following the worldwide recession of 1994, Indiana’s economy was devastated. Indiana declared found itself unable to pay its debts in 1996, and needed a bailout. The only country willing to bail out a small agricultural nation was India, but India would only bail Indiana out if Indiana joined the All Indian Union. India wanted Indiana in the Union in order to ensure Indiana would continue to provide food for the West Indies, and as a base to expand Indian influence in North America. Joining India was controversial in Indiana, and a referendum was help in 1997. 53% of the population voted to join India, and Indiana officially became a state in the All Indian Union on January 1, 1998.
Today, the All Indian Union is the most populous nation on Earth, with over two billion inhabitants, more than a quarter of the world’s population. It is the world’s largest democracy, with Japan in a very distant second place. It holds a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council, along with the USSR, the UK, the PRC, and France. India is a federation of 40 states. The country is unofficially divided into five “culture zones”:India Proper (Indian Subcontinent), East India (Indonesia), Yemen and Somaliland, West India (Caribbean Islands), and American India (Indiana). The inhabitants of these regions are called Indians, East Indians, Arabs and Somalis, West Indians, and Hoosiers; respectively. While thoughts of succession are voiced in all of these regions, Yemen and Somaliland especially, the rapidly growing economy has kept these thoughts quiet.