The Judea First Division was founded, as the 1st Jewish Regiment by a decree from Sultan Murad V of the Ottoman Empire in 1897, who reigned (TTL) from 1876 to 1904.
Just one year after its creation, it fought against numerically superior Italian troops in Tripoli, Libya, and preserved the city for the Ottoman Sultan. It was said that the gallantry and loyalty displayed by Jewish soldiers in Libya persuaded the Sultan to approve the setup of more Jewish Autonomous Cities in Levant, laying the foundation for the Federation of Judea. In the same time, it was thought that the Sultan's strict orders forbidding Europeans Jews from purchasing farmlands saved the Jewish Cities from potential conflict with native Arabs.
During the Anglo-Turkish War of 1909-1912, the now division-sized Jewish force fought a bloody battle against Anglo-Egyptian attacking forces in Hebron, as a part of the larger Ottoman defense under the command of the French adviser Joseph Joffre. They even, under the gates of Jerusalem, routed the famous Egyptian Foreign Legion (composed mostly of British veterans and fugitives), conceived and lead by a 77-year-old Charles George Gordon, capturing the old man, sending him to Constantinople. But the Britons finally succeeded in outflanking and encircling the Ottoman Second Army, the Jewish Division included, and imposing a humiliating peace on the Ottomans.
The Jewish Division, ordered to surrender despite having not lost a battle, was surprised to find themselves being incorporated into the Army of the newly created Kingdom of Levant, a British client state, as per the peace treaty. The British decided to have an elective monarchy with its throne changing hands every five years among the Shiites, the Sunnis (Lebanese and Palestinians), the Alawites, the Maronites, the Druze, and the Jews, with the Alawites and Jews holding military power. The Federation of Judea was a federal subject within the Kingdom. The PM, Speaker of the parliament, Army CoC were also required to have have different sectarian background, an intricate and almost impossible-to-function system. In effect, nobody within its designated boundary wanted to have one country, but several ones separated by ethnicity, though OTL racial conflicts were avoided.
Europeans and Ottoman Jews continued to flock to this country, many of them found themselves landless and unemployed, with no choice but to join the Army.
Having overthrown a SPD-KPD government in a putsch, the "Stahlhelm" Junta found themselves increasingly infiltrated by a far-right fascist groups with runes as their emblem, and soon persecution of Jews began. Although initially the outside world cared little about its impacts, stories and rumors by those who escaped turned Levantine public opinion against Germany.
Then the the Second Great War began.
After it became clear that Menstein's Afrikakorp could no longer threaten Jerusalem and take the Holocaust there, Judea started to seek to bring the war to the Germans, first in Tunis, in 1943, then in Eastern Europe. After an agreement with the Soviet government, Judea dispatched this division to Poland, and operated under Berling's Polish First Army. The Division took part in the conquest of Warsaw,as well as liberation of the Auschwitz camp, where they freed their fellow Jews from Nazi imprisonment.
In a final push, a Jewish soldier raised their regimental standard in Berlin, after the defeated of fascism.
As an armed force created in the late 19th century, the Military Colours of the Jewish First Division seemed quite mainstream for the time.
Initially, the regimental standard of a Jewish Regiment was just a star of David on a blue field with six white rays. Six chevrons were added after the founding of the Federation to create six smaller hexagons, representing six working days, and a large hexagon, symbolizing territorial integrity of Levant, as well as the seventh day. Jews were only able to defend their religion and keep the seventh day holy with the selfless service of its defenders(Chevrons).
Battle honours were written in the flag: Tripoli 1898, Hebron and Jerusalem 1910, Tunis 1943, Warsaw 1944, Auschwitz 1944, Berlin 1945. Battles fought within Levant were written within the hexagon, and battles abroad were outside. A Lion of Judah sat on top of the staff.
Yellow streamer symbolized Medal of Valour the regiment gained as a unit, it came from the yellow ribbon attached to the medal, a reference to the yellow star that
Jews were forced to wear during the Holocaust, as a proud symbol of defiance against their German enemy.