List of Alternate Presidents and PMs II

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1976 - 1992: James Callaghan
1978: Thatcher (CON) David Steel (LIB)
1982: Heseltine (CON) David Steel (LIB) Benn (NLP)
1987: Heseltine (CON) David Steel (LIB) Benn (NLP)


1992 - 2002: Michael Portillo
1992: Callaghan (LAB) Ashdown (LIB)
1997: Gould (LAB) Ashdown (LIB)

2002 - 2010: Gordon Brown
2002: Portillo (CON) Kennedy (LIB)
2006: Howard (CON) Kennedy (LIB)

2010 - Present: William Hague
2010: Brown (LAB) Huhne (LIB)
2015: Miliband (LAB) Clegg (LIB)
 
I really like the events of your TL and how you turn some of the assumptions of the ‘20s and ‘30s on their head, but I find two big things confusing: Why are the vast majority of party tickets the exact same with such a big PoD and why does an earlier Zimmerman Telegram lead to a US invasion of Mexico?

IOTL, political discourse, norms, and reactions are really driven by who was in office previously. They shape a lot of the narrative and events of their time and they are different, their successors would be very different. Not only do you set up a Republican Party with very liberal leaders like Willkie, but you then have them fail to hace any sway or influence on post-war tickets.

Secondly, the Zimmerman Telegram was an offer by Germany to Mexico to receive support if they were to invade the US. This would never have happened at that time. Mexico was in the midst of the Mexican Revolution and Veracruz had been occupied by the US to remind Mexico that their substantial business interests in the country would remain under US protection. Not only was this country facing internal turmoil, but the country it was asked to invade could behave with extreme belligerence towards them.
The idea is that the Zimmerman Telegram is earlier. This causes Wilson neutral policy to fail and people are angry at Mexico and want to invade even though Mexico says they will not accept the telegram. However because people demand it they invade Mexico who surrender and give land. This would of course make people hate Mexico and cause a stricter immigration policy and hate crimes towards Mexicans. Also the idea is that the elections are turned around with the loser the winner.
 
1897-1901: William McKinley/Garret Hobart (Republican)
1896: William Jennings Bryan/Arthur Seawall (Democratic/Populist)
1901-1905: William McKinley/Johnathan P. Dolliver (Republican)
1900: William Jennings Bryan/Adlai Stevenson I
1905-1909: Charles W. Fairbanks/William O'Connell Bradley (Republican)
1904: Francis Cockrell/John Sharp Williams (Democratic)
1909-1921: William Jennings Bryan/Charles A. Towne (Democratic)
1908: Charles W. Fairbanks/William O'Connell Bradley (Republican), Eugene V. Debbs/Bill Haywood (Socialist)
1912: Theodore Roosevelt/James Sherman (Republican), Emil Seidel/Upton Sinclair (Socialist)
1916: Henry Ford/Henry Cabbot Lodge (Republican) Eugene V. Debbs/George Kirkpatrick (Socialist)

1921-1929: Robert M. La Follette/Frank Lowden (Republican)
1920: Al Smith/Robert L. Owen (Democratic)
1924: Oscar Underwood/George Silzer (Democratic)

1929-1930: Frank Lowden/James E. Watson (Republican)
1928: Cordell Hull/Thomas Walsh (Democratic)
1930-: James E. Watson/John J. Blaine (Republican)
1933-1937: Newton D. Baker/Joseph Robinson (Democratic)

1932: John J. Blaine/James Wolcatt Wadsworth Jr. (Republican)
1937-1940: Huey Long/Cordell Hull (Democratic)
1936: Theodore Roosevelt Jr./William E. Borah (Republican)
1940-1941: Huey Long/none (People's)
1941-1949: Herbert Hoover/Dewy Short (Republican)

1940: Cordell Hull/Millard Tydings (Democratic), Huey Long/Gerald Smith (People's)
1944: John Bankhead II/Harry S. Truman (Democratic)

1949-1953: Cordell Hull/Claude Pepper (Democratic)
1948: Henry Cabot Lodge Jr./Earl Warren (Republican)
1953-1961: Douglas MacArthur/John W. Bricker (Republican)
1952: Cordell Hull/Claude Pepper (Democratic)
1956: Harry S. Truman/Adlai Stevenson II (Democratic)

1961-1965: Prescott Bush/Nelson Rockefeller (Republican)
1960: Pat Brown/Edmund Muskie (Democratic), Strom Thurmond/George Wallace (State's Rights)
1965-1966: Hubert Humphrey/John F. Kennedy (Democratic)
1964: Prescott Bush/Nelson Rockefeller (Republican), Harry F. Byrd/Leander Perez (State's Rights)
1966-1969: Hubert Humphrey/Pat Brown (Democratic)
1969-1973: Nelson Rockefeller/Robert Finch (Republican)
1968: Hubert Humphrey/Pat Brown (Democratic), George Wallace/Happy Chandler (State's Rights)
1973-1974: Hubert Humphrey/Eugene McCarthy (Democratic)
1972: Nelson Rockefeller/Robert Finch (Republican)
1974-1977: Eugene McCarthy/Frank Church (Democratic)
1977-1985: Ronald Reagan/John Tower (Republican)

01976: Eugene McCarthy/Frank Church (Democratic)
1980: Robert F. Kennedy/Lyode Bentson (Democratic)

1985-1993: Ronald Reagan/Bob Dole (Republican)
1984: Jimmy Carter/Bob Graham (Democratic), John Anderson/Clarence Douglas Dillon (Liberal)
1988: Lyode Bentson/Jerry Brown (Democratic), Donald Trump/Jay Hammond (Liberal)
1993-1997: Bob Dole/Jack Kemp (Republican)
1992: Paul Tsongas/Mario Cuomo (Democratic), Eugene McCarthy/Ron Paul (Liberal)
1997: Jerry Brown/Hillary Rodham (Democratic)
1996: Bob Dole/Jack Kemp (Republican), Ron Paul/Bill Weld (Liberal)
1997-000: Norman Schwarzkopf/Donald Rumsfeld (Independent)
 
President and Vice Presidents of the United States
Snip
This looks surprisingly similar to my list posted, four hours before this post, on your other thread
https://www.alternatehistory.com/forum/threads/alternate-president-list.447859/#post-17318476
Don't mind you posting it again, would just like a mention of recongisation.

IOTL, political discourse, norms, and reactions are really driven by who was in office previously. They shape a lot of the narrative and events of their time and they are different, their successors would be very different. Not only do you set up a Republican Party with very liberal leaders like Willkie, but you then have them fail to hace any sway or influence on post-war tickets.

Senator Warren G. Harding was selected as Charles Evans Hughes, due to Harding's supporting President Hughes in Senate as well as advising President Hughes when ever asked. In my opinion, they lost to Ohio Governor James M. Cox and New York Representative, Franklin D. Roosevelt, due to returning veteran soldiers and unemployed workers, wanting a government that worked for them, the election was a massive shock to the incumbent President (imagine Truman-Dewey 1948 shock)

President James M. Cox secured a brilliant two terms in office, defeating a Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge ticket in 1924.
In 1928, Governor Al Smith of New York, who although go branded as "the Pope's candidate" was able to swing enough key states to secure a third Democratic term, against a Republican Party ticket, which came closer to the Democratic polices than any other ticket with progressive Hiram Johnson and his running mate, Robert M. La Follette.
With Democrats in office in 1929, the economical crash, is softened, as there were already legislative support for American farmers and was able to use the overproduction of agricultural produce, to US advantage by selling it to Europe, whose fields still hadn't returned to normality following WW1.
With slightly level-headed economist advising the President, the advise to slow down the rise of the stock market , was seen as another aversion and another reason to keep Smith in office, defeating the capitalist views of Calvin Coolidge and Charles Curtis.
 
This looks surprisingly similar to my list posted, four hours before this post, on your other thread
https://www.alternatehistory.com/forum/threads/alternate-president-list.447859/#post-17318476
Don't mind you posting it again, would just like a mention of recongisation.



Senator Warren G. Harding was selected as Charles Evans Hughes, due to Harding's supporting President Hughes in Senate as well as advising President Hughes when ever asked. In my opinion, they lost to Ohio Governor James M. Cox and New York Representative, Franklin D. Roosevelt, due to returning veteran soldiers and unemployed workers, wanting a government that worked for them, the election was a massive shock to the incumbent President (imagine Truman-Dewey 1948 shock)

President James M. Cox secured a brilliant two terms in office, defeating a Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge ticket in 1924.
In 1928, Governor Al Smith of New York, who although go branded as "the Pope's candidate" was able to swing enough key states to secure a third Democratic term, against a Republican Party ticket, which came closer to the Democratic polices than any other ticket with progressive Hiram Johnson and his running mate, Robert M. La Follette.
With Democrats in office in 1929, the economical crash, is softened, as there were already legislative support for American farmers and was able to use the overproduction of agricultural produce, to US advantage by selling it to Europe, whose fields still hadn't returned to normality following WW1.
With slightly level-headed economist advising the President, the advise to slow down the rise of the stock market , was seen as another aversion and another reason to keep Smith in office, defeating the capitalist views of Calvin Coolidge and Charles Curtis.

Had no idea this was taken! Sorry to hear.

All I was complaining about is a frequent complaint on here. The PoD is when Richard Nixon was a toddler and yet we still see him rise to national politics when really anything could happen between then and then. Another list posted between yours and this post has Jerry Brown, Hillary Clinton (with her maiden name, as if that's a big departure), and Donald Rumsfeld all in national politics despite a PoD before they were born.

It's hard to come up with really out there names, but it is more realistic.

I've received the same criticism and I took that advice and tried to make stranger picks. Celebrities as a pretty easy way to branch out, but I personally prefer people who became political commentators or activists. The leap from that to actual politics isn't that big after all. The find I'm most proud of is Roger Weidner, a firefighter, activist, district attorney, Reform Party member, and seemingly the victim of a conspiracy against him for taking a stand against corruption in Oregon. He has no Wikipedia page, but he ran for Governor of Oregon once on the Reform Party ticket and I was able to collect enough information on him to map out his political career and make him a POTUS in my TL. It's not easy, but it can be entertaining to try and find the most obscure choices possible.
 
UNEASY BEDFELLOWS

1924 HH Asquith/Ramsay MacDonald (Lib/Lab)
The Tories had become increasingly unpopular after the end of the war. Many tories resented the Lib/Tory alliance following 1918 and the rapid change of leaders from Bonar Law to Baldwin gave the view that the party was becoming volatile

The '24 election left Asquith 8 seats short of an overall majority. Despite misgivings from many Liberals he formed a coalition with MacDonald as Deputy PM and Foreign Secretary

The coalition collapsed as a result of the General strike in 1926.
 
Had no idea this was taken! Sorry to hear.
No worries not your fault. Joys of fellow members.

All I was complaining about is a frequent complaint on here. The PoD is when Richard Nixon was a toddler and yet we still see him rise to national politics when really anything could happen between then and then. Another list posted between yours and this post has Jerry Brown, Hillary Clinton (with her maiden name, as if that's a big departure), and Donald Rumsfeld all in national politics despite a PoD before they were born.
It's hard to come up with really out there names, but it is more realistic.
I under stand this predicament, I use these names however to represent the ideological and location of the candidate, placing out of there names, or bringing fictional characters to life, requires more explaining than needed on a list.
If it was a time line than this could be different, then fleshing out characters and their history is easy.

As for Hillary Clinton (Rodham/Bush/Kennedy/Brown/Gore/Windor) she is a sad running joke on this site, nearly as bad as Sealion, and I must admit it doesn't seem to want to die.

I've received the same criticism and I took that advice and tried to make stranger picks. Celebrities as a pretty easy way to branch out, but I personally prefer people who became political commentators or activists. The leap from that to actual politics isn't that big after all. The one I'm most proud of is Roger Weidner, a firefighter, activist, district attorney, Reform Party member, and seemingly the victim of a conspiracy against him for taking a stand against corruption in Oregon. He has no Wikipedia page, but he ran for Governor of Oregon once on the Reform Party ticket and I was able to collect enough information on him to map out his political career and make him a POTUS in my TL. It's not easy, but it can be entertaining to try and find the most obscure choices possible.
This is interesting, do you have a link for the Roger Weidner TL.
Its very hard to do this research on a list, but as said, in a TL is great.
 
No worries not your fault. Joys of fellow members.


I under stand this predicament, I use these names however to represent the ideological and location of the candidate, placing out of there names, or bringing fictional characters to life, requires more explaining than needed on a list.
If it was a time line than this could be different, then fleshing out characters and their history is easy.

As for Hillary Clinton (Rodham/Bush/Kennedy/Brown/Gore/Windor) she is a sad running joke on this site, nearly as bad as Sealion, and I must admit it doesn't seem to want to die.


This is interesting, do you have a link for the Roger Weidner TL.
Its very hard to do this research on a list, but as said, in a TL is great.

I do agree with the Hillary thing. Not to get into Chat-territory or disparage her or anything, but it's always been pretty easy to NOT end up in consideration for a presidential ticket (and IMO it's even easier now than it ever has been), but a lot of people act as though she was pre-destined to reach major political status. Another one that bothers me is Jimmy Carter. The whole thing about the '76 election was that nobody knew who he was and that was a huge benefit to him, but he was also a gaffe machine and almost didn't run for president at all in the perfect year for him to do so.

I actually discontinued the timeline for now after I lost a lot of work I did on it when my computer broke a few months back. I posted it up as a list a few weeks ago.

Be aware that this list itself is outdated and a few of the names on it are still just placeholders (nobody major is, every winning ticket is set in stone):

I’m considering rebooting my Missed Him By That Much TL as a straightforward wikibox affair (as in each update comes with a wikibox) so dm me if you’re interested (I need the motivation, plus my computer is being repaired, so working/researching on it on my phone is even harder). Anyway, here are the US Presidents for that TL as it currently stands.

Sen Robert Kennedy (D-NY)/Sen Fred Harris (D-OK)
(1969-1977)
[1]
def. VP Richard Nixon (R-NY*)/Gov John Volpe (R-MA), Gov George Wallace (AIP-AL)/Gov Happy Chandler (AIP-KY)
def. Gov Raymond Shafer (R-PA)/Sen Robert Griffin (R-MI)[2]

Gov Ronald Reagan (R-CA)/Gov John Connally (R-TX)* (1977-1981)[3]
def. VP Fred Harris (D-OK)/Sen Frank Church (D-ID), (on the Centrist Party ticket) Gov John Love (R-CO)/Sen Elmer Rasmuson (R-AK)

Sen Edward “Ted” Kennedy (D-MA)/Sen Harold Hughes (D-IA)
(1981-1983)[4]
def.
Pres Ronald Reagan (R-CA)/VP James Buckley (R-NY), (on the Centrist Party ticket) Sen Jack Eckerd (R-FL)/various

Pres Harold Hughes (D-IA)/Gov Liz Patterson (D-SC) (1983-1993)[5]
def. Sen Charles “Chuck” Percy (R-IL)/Sen Max Rafferty (R-CA), (on the Centrist Party ticket) Gov Pete du Pont (R-DE)/various
def. Gov James Brickley (R-MI)/Sen Arlen Specter (R-PA), (on the Conservative Party ticket) Rep Larry McDonald (D-GA)/various, (on the new Popular Party ticket) Gov Woody Freeman (R-AR)/Rep Mark Siljander (R-IL)

Mr. Jim Walton (R-AR)
(until 1995) (F-AR)/Sen Lowell Weicker (R-CT) (1993-1997)[6]
def. Sen Nick Galifanakias (D-NC)/Sen Walter Cronkite (D-MO)*, (on the Popular Party ticket) Mayor Mike Lawrence (R-TX)/Judge Paul Hatfield (D-MT)

Speaker Don Riegle (R-MI)/Gov Fred Grandy (R-IA) (1997-2005)[6]
def. Gov Bronson La Follette (D-WI)/Gov Lawrence Fountain (D-NC), (on the new Freedom Party ticket) Pres Jim Walton (F-AR)/various
def. Sen Rush Holt Jr. (D-WV)/Sen Barbara Kennelly (D-CT), (on the new Party For Freedom ticket) Sen Jerry Brown (FF-CA)/Gov Dean Barkley (FF-MN)

Gov Roger Weidner (FF-OR)/Sen Jimmy Osmond (FF-UT)
(2005-2009)
[7]
def. Gov Lincoln Chafee (R-RI)/Sen Tommy Thompson (R-WI),
Gov Dave Boswell (D-KY)/Sen Cecile Richards (D-NJ)

Sen Joe “Chip” Yablonski (D-CL*)/Sen Larry Echo Hawk (D-ID) (2009-2013)[9]
def. Gov Ed Thompson (R-WI)/Sen Keith Olbermann (R-NY), Pres Roger Weidner (FF-OR)/VP Jimmy Osmond (FF-UT)
[1] PoD is Robert Kennedy surviving the attempt on his life, he goes on to just barely carve out a victory at the DNC and then the general election, with Nixon picking liberal Governor of MA John Volpe and Wallace picking Happy Chandler. Nixon/Volpe is styled as a moderately conservative ticket with some liberal tendencies. Wallace/Chandler is more of a Southern Pride ticket than overtly segregationist (as Chandler opposed segregation).
[2]Gov of PA Raymond Shafer pulls of a surprise win in a crowded primary that even included Former Governor William Scranton, who was practically his mentor. In an "Anybody But Reagan"-style move all of the moderate Repubs coalesced around Shafer to give him the nomination and he picked other noted moderate Senator Robert Griffin. As a ticket that was made up entirely of people who had voiced support for some of RFK's legislation (both having been accused of being Kennedy Republicans) and not really standing for much of anything, they lost by a pretty big margin.
[3]Harris had always been a sort of outsider in Kennedy's cabinet and would run as one as well, going far to the left and embracing populism. He would be seen as about as radically to the left as Reagan is to the right. Reagan quickly took the nomination this year, after having been beaten by Nixon in '68 and beaten by a coalition of moderates in '72. He picks Democrat turned Republican, John Connally as his VP for his appeal to Democrats who supported continuing Vietnam (which ended in '71), for his deep financial and political connections, and for his reputation as having an incredible eye for detail. Connally wrote a lot of Reagan's platform and campaigned strongly alongside him. The Centrist Party, formed in '75 would be shocked by this outcome and would run Love/Rasmuson as a Centrist alternative to the Republicans, but would get about as many Dem and Repub voters. Tragedy would strike Reagan/Connally just 10 days before the election. Reagan wins in a close race.
[4] Dogged by foreign conflicts abroad and an unpopular domestic policy of cutting spending anywhere, Reagan/Buckley was pretty much doomed from the start. Having fought the Democratic Congress at every turn, with the first conflict being the confirmation of Buckley as Reagan's VP proving difficult and souring their relationship. Jack Eckerd, having been a political opponent of Reagan since the '72 Primaries, would basically run an anti-Reagan campaign on the Centrist Party ticket. Ted Kennedy, who had not even run in the primaries, was offered up as a compromise candidate between multiple opposing forces and would be seen as an end of the '70s government experimentation and a return to the moderately liberal, Kennedy dominated New Deal Coalition. Kennedy would be forced out of office nearly three and a half years later.
[5] Harold Hughes had come into office with the Dems facing massive unpopularity in spite of the economy booming under them. He would run for office in a very presidential way, discussing his troubled past, his faith, his humanity, and his love for his country while hardly ever going on the attack directly, preferring to use surrogates for that. Percy/Rafferty would be infamous for having lost while having started far in the lead over Hughes/Patterson. This election would be the only time the Conservative Party ran a decent campaign and the first one where the Centrist Party combined with the Constitutional Party and a variety of other small parties to form the ironically named Popular Party.
[6] Jim Walton, who had previously been an independent and a supporter of the Centrist and Popular Parties, along with having never held public office, would shock the country by winning the Republican nomination and then the presidency. He would be the first President born after WW2 and the first to never have served in the army or in public office. After having only one a single election since 1960, the Republicans would end up seriously backing a complete outsider. He would govern as an independent, having signed an unprecedented, nonbinding contract of governance when the Democrats retook the Senate in the same election where the Republicans took the House for the first time since the 50s. Receiving widespread condemnation and opposition from his own party, Walton would leave the Republican Party while in office and set up the Freedom Party for the sole purpose of his own re-election campaign.
[7] Don Riegle was the first Republican Speaker of the House in a generation, a member on the liberal faction of the Republican Party (economic moderates, social liberals) and had been stonewalled in every attempt to reach higher office (running for and failing to get the nomination of Governor of Michigan twice and Senator of Michigan once). He would eventually win the Presidency and be the first two term Republican since the '50s. His election would often mark the beginning of the Sixth or Seventh Party System. The Freedom Party and the Popular Party would combine into the Party For Freedom, serving as a centrist to conservative alternative to the Repubs and Dems.
[8] The first third party ticket elected since before the Civil War would come after the financial crash in early 2004. Weidner/Osmond would set about using economically liberal means (deregulation, cut spending, bailouts, etc.) to try to bring about economic recovery with only minor success.
[9] The first Democrat ticket elected since the '80s, Yablonski would be the first President from the US's second youngest state of Columbia. Larry Echo Hawk would also be the first VP of majority native ancestry. Yablonski would be one of the oldest presidents ever, only surpassed by William Henry Harrison. He would also be the first President of Polish descent. Yablonski would lead the hard left economic policies of the Democrats back into popularity, after having seen privatization, deregulation, and economic liberalism for nearly twenty continuous years.

This list is the MUCH improved version of this thread which I had made nearly a year ago while I was prototyping all of these ideas.

This list/TL is tough, but it's also my favorite alternate history thing I have ever made and has one of the simplest, most popular, and (some would say) dumbest PoDs to do it.
 
Okay so this originally started out as a dream, but now it's a possible timeline kicking around my head. Basically, California (most of Alta California) manages to secure its independence against both Mexico and the United States, and charts out as its own destiny.

Presidents of California
(1836-present) [Head of State until 1863; parliamentary government adopted 1869]
01. 1836-1843: Juan Bautista Alvarado (Independent)
1836 def.: Unanimous acclamation by the Provisional General Courts of the Republic of California
02. 1843-1850: Pio Pico (Alta California)
1842 def.: Jose Manuel Gallegos (Federal)
03. 1850-1857: Juan Bandini (Federal)
1849 def.: Andres Pico (Alta California)
04. 1857-1861: Benjamin Davis Wilson (Federal)
1856 def.: Cristobal Aguilar (Alta California), Stephen Clark Foster (Independent)
California Civil War, 1861-63
Acting.
1861-1864: Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (Federal)
05. 1864-1871: Cristobal Aguilar (Alta California)
1863 def.: Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (Federal)
1863 referendum on the establishment of a Kingdom of the Californias: 54.9% YES | 45.1% NO
1869 parliamentary government referendum: 57.3% YES | 42.7% NO

06. 1871-1878: Antonio F. Coronel (Federal)
1871 def.: Louis Rubidoux (Alta California)
1874 def.: O.M. Wozencraft (Liberal)

07. 1878-1882: Juan Sepulveda (Federal)
1878 def.: O.M. Wozencraft (Liberal)
08. 1882-1890: Francisco Cota (Alta California / Liberal)
1882 def.: Trinidad Romero (Conservative)
1886 def.: Antonio Joseph (Conservative)
1890 def.: Juan Jose Carrillo (Conservative)

09. 1890-1893: Romualdo Pacheco (Liberal)
10. 1893-1899: Juan Jose Carrillo (Conservative)
1893 def.: Dionisio Botiller (Liberal)
1897 def.: Roswell Colcord (Liberal)

11. 1899-1904: George Pardee (Liberal)
1900 def.: Reginaldo Francisco del Valle (Conservative)
12. 1904-1911: Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca (Conservative)
1904 def.: Frederick Eaton (Liberal)
1908 def.: Antonio D. Archuleta (Liberal)

13. 1911-incumbent: Octaviano Larrazolo (Liberal)
1911 def.: Miguel Antonio Otero (Conservative)

Kings of the Kingdom of the Californias
1863-1894: Francis I (House of Bourbon-California) [1]
1894-incumbent: Alphonse I (House of Bourbon-California) [2]

[1] Previously Francis II of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
[2] Son of Francis I
 
Why would California adopt a monarchy? And why wouldn't it be headed by the House of Norton?

The California Civil War introduced a lot of chaos and it was felt that a king would be a stabilizing influence (a lot of British influence on California in the early years). Anglo-Americans didn't want the House of Iturbide, Californios didn't want Anglo-American aristocracy. Ended up choosing Francis II after he lost the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
 
Here's something I came up with (that I will readily admit was in large part inspired by reading the Hipster Presidents and PMs thread). Basically my goal was to utilize people who rarely get used in these positions.

America, Rewritten

Benjamin Franklin (I) 1789-1793

Running Mate: John Adams


Alexander Hamilton (F) 1793-1801

Running Mate: Thomas Jefferson, John Adams


Pierce Butler (D-R) 1801-1809

Running Mate: James Madison


Noah Webster (F) 1809-1817

Running Mate: Rufus King


Rufus King (F) 1817-1821

Running Mate: John Quincy Adams


John Randolph (D-R) 1821-1829

Running Mate: James A. Hamilton

Albert Gallatin (D-R) 1829-1833

Running Mate: Nathaniel Macon


Hugh L. Wright (National) 1833-1837

Running Mate: Henry Clay


Amos Ellmaker (Republican) 1837-1841

Running Mate: John Tyler


John C. Calhoun (R) 1841-1845

Running Mate: George Dallas


John P. Hale (N) 1845-1849

Running Mate: Daniel Webster


Winfield Scott (N) 1849-1850 (Died in office)

Running Mate: William L. Dayton

William L. Dayton (N) 1850-1853

Running Mate: None


Robert E. Lee (R) 1853-1857

Running Mate: James Buchanan


Horace Greeley (N) 1857-1861

Running Mate: William Seward


Salmon P. Chase (R) 1861-1869

Running Mate: Judah P. Benjamin


Winfield Scott Hancock (R) 1869-1873

Running Mate: Horatio Seymour


William Tecumseh Sherman (N) 1873-1881

Running Mate: Levi P. Morton

James G. Blaine (N) 1881-1882 (Impeached)

Running Mate: Blanche Bruce

Blanche Bruce (N) 1882-1885

Running Mate: None


Adlai E. Stevenson (R) 1885-1893

Running Mate: Charles O’Connor, none, John M. Palmer


John Seward (N) 1893-1901

Running Mate: Thomas Brackett Reed


Thomas E. Watson (People’s) 1901-1909

Running Mate: William Jennings Bryan


George B. McClellan, Jr. (R) 1909 (Assassinated)

Running Mate: Alton B. Parker

Alton B. Parker (R) 1909-1913

Running Mate: None


Hiram Johnson (P) 1913-1921

Running Mate: Robert La Follette


Charles August Lindbergh (N) 1921-1924 (Died in office)

Running Mate: Walter Edge

Walter Edge (N) 1924-1929

Running Mate: None, John W. Davis


Thomas J. Walsh (P) 1929-1933

Running Mate: Floyd Olson


Henry Justin Allen (N) 1933-1942 (Impeached)

Running Mate: Gerald Nye, Arthur Vandenburg

Arthur Vandenburg (N) 1942-1949

Running Mate: None, John W. Bricker


Happy Chandler (P) 1949-1957

Running Mate: Harold Stassen


Howard Buffett (N) 1957-1965

Running Mate: William F. Knowland


Sargent Shriver (P) 1965-1969

Running Mate: H. Stuart Hughes


Orville L. Hubbard (States’ Rights) 1969-1973

Running Mate: Sam Yorty


Vance Hartke (P) 1973-1977

Running Mate: Frank Church


James L. Buckley (N) 1977-1985

Running Mate: Ben Fernandez

John Tower (N) 1985-1989

Running Mate: Buddy Cianci


Mike Gravel (P) 1989-1990 (Assassinated)

Running Mate: Edwin Edwards

Edwin Edwards (P) 1990-1993

Running Mate: None, Diane Feinstein


Jack Kemp (N) 1993-1997

Running Mate: Carroll Campbell


Paul Tsongas (P) 1997 (Died in office)

Running Mate: Daniel Inuoye

Daniel Inuoye (P) 1997-2001

Running Mate: None, Bob Kerrey


Tommy Thompson (N) 2001-2009

Running Mate: Bob Barr

Mark Sanford (N) 2009-2013

Running Mate: Bill Weld


Wesley Clark (P) 2013-2021

Running Mate: Lincoln Chafee


Barbara Comstock (N) 2021-

Running Mate: Rick Scott
 
UNEASY BEDFELLOWS

1924 HH Asquith/Ramsay MacDonald (Lib/Lab)
The Tories had become increasingly unpopular after the end of the war. Many tories resented the Lib/Tory alliance following 1918 and the rapid change of leaders from Bonar Law to Baldwin gave the view that the party was becoming volatile

The '24 election left Asquith 8 seats short of an overall majority. Despite misgivings from many Liberals he formed a coalition with MacDonald as Deputy PM and Foreign Secretary

The coalition collapsed as a result of the General strike in 1926.


UNEASY BEDFELLOWS II

1964 George Brown/Jeremy Thorpe
Brown won the Labour leadership election in 1963. Thorpe unexpectedly became Liberal leader in March 1964 The '64 election was a pitched battle between Brown and Douglas-Home. It resulted in a hung parliament with Labour as the largest party with 313 seats to the Tories 311. The Liberals under Thorpe had won 10 seats. Coalition talks between the Tories and Liberals collapsed due to the issue of PR
.
Brown personally didn't like Thorpe (his Christian beliefs clashing with Thorpe's homosexuality) but the thought of not being PM overrode his beliefs The Labour/Liberal government had an 8 seat majority.

Brown called a snap election in '67 and won a 4 seat overall majority
 
Just something I coughed up last month...

So funny story I wanted to write a list where Goldwater never gets into the Senate thus stemming the tide of American Conservatism. But then I found out it only happened due to Trumans unpopularity which led to me tying it into a "Dewey Beats Truman" hypothesis and possibly a "Liberal Republican/Conservative Democrats" one as well. Also Wallace and Faubus stay liberal and people like Barnett, Watson and Talamadge become the face of segregation.

1949-53: Governor Thomas Dewey/Governor Earl Warren (Republican)
1948: Harry Truman/Alben Barkley (Democrat), Strom Thurmond/Fielding Wright (Dixiecrat)
1953-61: Senator Estes Kefauver/Governor W. Averill Harriman (Democrat)
1952: Thomas Dewey/Earl Warren (Republican)
1956: John Bricker/William Knowand (Republican), Richard Russell Jr./John Sparkman (Dixiecrat)

1961-63: Senator Prescott Bush/Businessman Phillip Wilkie (Republican)
1960: Orval Faubus/Helen Ghagan Douglas (Democrat), Harry F. Byrd/George Smathers (Dixiecrat)
1963-65: Vice President Phillip Wilkie/ (vacant) (Republican)
1965-69: President Phillip Wilkie/Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (Republican)

1964: Thomas Dodd/Orville Freeman (Democrat), Ross Barnet/Herman Talamadge (Dixiecrat)
1969-73: Governor George Wallace/Senator Hubert Humphrey (Democrat)
1968: Phillip Wilkie/ Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (Republican), Ezra Taft Benson/Richard Poff (AIP)
1973-77: Governor George Wallace/Senator Fred Harris (Democrat)
1972: Spiro Agnew/Pete McCloskey (Republican), Lester Maddox/John G. Schmitz (AIP)

1977-81: Vice President Fred Harris/Representative John Kerry (Democrat)
1976: James Buckley/John Anderson (Republican), Roy Cohn/Bob Dornan (AIP)
 
The 4.1 Republic

Prime Ministers of France

1951-1952: René Pleven (UDSR)
1951 (Troisième Force majority): Guy Mollet (SFIO), Maurice Thorez (PCF), Jacques Soustelle (RPF), Georges Bidault (MRP), Henri Queuille (PRS), Independent Republicans, Roger Duchet (CNIP), René Pleven (UDSR), Félix Houphouët-Boigny (RDA)
1952: Edgar Faure (PRS)
1952-1953: Antoine Pinay (Independent Republican)
1953: René Mayer (PRS)
1953-1954: Edgar Faure (PRS)
1954-1955: Paul Reynaud (CNIP)
1955: René Pleven (UDSR)
1955-1956: Guy Mollet (SFIO)
1956 (no majority): Guy Mollet (SFIO), Maurice Thorez (PCF), Pierre Henri-Teitgen (MRP), Roger Duchet (CNIP), Pierre Mendès France (PRS), Pierre Poujade (UFF), Jacques Chaban-Delmas (RS), François Mitterrand (UDSR-RDA), Edgar Faure (RGR)
1956-1957: Pierre Mendès France (PRS)
1957: Robert Lecourt (MRP)
1957-1958: Maurice Bourgès-Manoury (PRS)
1958-1960: Pierre Pflimlin (MRP)
1960-1961: François Mitterrand (UDSR)
1961-1963: Christian Pineau (SFIO)
1961 (Republican Front majority): Christian Pineau (SFIO), Roger Duchet (CNIP), Maurice Thorez (PCF), Jean Lecanuet (MRP), Maurice Faure (PRS), Georges Bidault (CD), François Mitterrand (UDSR-RDA), Pierre Poujade (UFF), Jacques Chaban-Delmas (RS)
1963-1964: François Mitterrand (UDSR)
1964-1965: Jean Lecanuet (MRP)
1965-1966: Félix Gaillard (PRS)
1966-1968: Antoine Pinay (CNIP)
1966 (Centre-right majority): Gaston Defferre (SFIO), Valéry Giscard d'Estaign (CNIP), Waldeck Rochet (PCF), Pierre Mendès France (PRS), Jean Lecanuet (MRP), Léon Martinaud-Déplat (CD), François Mitterrand (UDSR)
1968-0000: Valéry Giscard d'Estaign (CNIP)

Presidents of France

1946-1953: Vincent Auriol (SFIO)
1953-1961: Henri Queuille (PRS)
1961-1968: Paul Coste-Floret (MRP)
1968-0000: Alain Poher (MRP)

Prime Ministers of Saarland

1947-1960: Johannes Hoffmann (CVP)
1947 (majority) def. Richard Kirn (SPS), Heinrich Schneider (DPS), Fritz Nickolay (KP)
1952 (majority) def. Richard Kirn (SPS), Fritz Bäsel (KP)
1955 (CVP-SPS coalition) def. Humbert Ney (CDU-Saar), Heinrich Schneider (DPS), Richard Kirn (SPS), Kurt Conrad (DSP), Fritz Nickolay (KP)
1956 (CVP-SPS coalition) def. Richard Kirn (SPS), Heinrich Schneider (DPS), Franz-Josef Röder (CDU-Saar), Fritz Nickolay (KP), Humbert Ney (CNG)

1960-1968: Erwin Müller (CVP)
1961 (CVP-CDU coalition) def. Richard Kirn (SPS), Heinrich Schneider (DPS), Franz-Josef Röder (CDU-Saar), Fritz Nickolay (KP), Humbert Ney (CNG)
1966 (majority) def. Richard Kirn (SPS), Heinrich Schneider (DPS), Fritz Nickolay (KP), Humbert Ney (CNG)

1968-0000: Franz Schneider (CVP)

European Commissioners for Saarland [0]

1956-1966: Louis Beel
1966-0000: Pierre Wigny


Presidents of the European Executive Council

1957-1962: Paul-Henri Teitgen (MRP-EDU)

1957 (EDU-ESF-FLDP grand coalition) def. Hendrik Fayat (ESF), René Pleven (FLDP), nationalists, communists
1962-0000: François de Menthon (MRP-EDU)
1962 (EDU-ESF coalition) def. Paul-Henri Spaak (ESF), Pieter Oud (FLDP), Giorgio Amendola (FECP), nationalists
1967 (EDU-FLDP coalition) def. Willy Brandt (ESF), Gaetano Martino (FLDP), Giorgio Amendola (FECP), nationalists

The 1948 local elections had been the breakthrough of the Gaullist political party and perhaps the harbinger of De Gaulle's return to power building on discontent with communism, instability and inflation. Instead, by the time the 1951 elections, the General would see his hopes dashed. The electorate did support him, but less than he had expected and definitely less than in the 1948 local election. A combination of the new electoral law and momentum had crushed his hopes. The RPF would remain one of the largest parties in parliament[1], but the resistance of the Third Force parties - despite their differences - isolated them from power until 1953. First, the Marie-Barangé law and then, the EDC project had divided the parliamentary majority, almost inevitably.

What De Gaulle did not - could not - expect was that one politician from the Fourth Republic would prove popular: Antoine Pinay. Pinay, with his weekly radio shows, his pragmatic conservatism and average Frenchman aspect - including a thick Auvergnat accent - had become one of the very few popular politicians of the 1950s. The Mendès France of the right. During his premiership, Pinay and his foreign minister, Robert Schuman ratified the Common Army project in Parliament - amidst great acrimony, normalised relations with Adenauer by managing to sign a pre-agreement on the status of the Saar territory and pursued the Indochina War to a stalemate thanks to the recruitment of a Vietnamese Army to support the French troops [2]. Eventually, Pinay would resign after the MRP announced it would not approve his budget for 1954 [3].

In December 1953, the first televised presidential election in France's history took place. After six rounds of voting, the venerable Radical politician Henri Queuille was elected for his septennat.[4]

The 'sortie honorable' from Indochina was achieved in 1954 under the premiership of Edgar Faure. Faure would also have to face the start of hostilities in Algeria, that came to dominate French politics for nearly a decade, plunging the economy into a balance of payments and inflationary crisis along the way. Simultaneously, the tax increases and the economic modernisation plans caused uproar amongst the lower-middle classes of France's south-east, giving birth to the Poujadiste movement, that would turn into a far-right party once in parliament.

The 1956 election, held shortly after the Hungarian invasion was a godsend to the socialist party, which recovered working-class voters from the Communists [5], making it the largest party in parliament for the first time since 1936. Guy Mollet would manage to craft a centre-left government with the support of Mendès France's Radicals [6] and the MRP (among others). The various governments of this parliamentary arithmetic would prove very successful in many aspects, from social reform policies, particularly housing and the ratification of the Political Community treaty to imposing a liberal colonial policy by granting independence to Morocco and Tunisia, the loi cadre for Subsaharan Africa and the new Statute of Algeria and most importantly, constitutional reforms that reinforced the executive. In 1961, the same centre-left coalition won the election, ultimately granting Algeria independence within the French Community in 1964. The support of the MRP as a whole and elements of the modérés and the CNIP for the liberal colonial policy led to the foundation of Centre Démocratique, a right-wing, pro-Algérie française party, first led by Georges Bidault.

The arrest of Bidault, who had become heavily involved in far-right terrorist activities in Algeria and in France against the government and other liberal figures was shocking to France, as Bidault had been a first-minute résistant. He was replaced by Martinaud-Déplat, who while arguing for a more conservative colonial policy and for a more strident anti-communist policy, was a more politically acceptable choice. The CD would become the most right-wing element in the governments of Antoine Pinay and Valéry Giscard d'Estaign after 1966.

[0] The European Commissioner for Saarland is appointed by and respoonsible to the Council of Ministers of the European Community (not the same as the Executive Council). The Commissioner can neither be German nor French nor a Saarlander, but he is subject to approval from the French and German governments, who can veto any nominee they do not approve of.
[1] A worse result than OTL, which means that the loi d'apparentements kicks in in more constituencies.
[2] Something along these lines was proposed OTL but never quite materialised under general Navarre.
[3] Again, similar to OTL, the MRP was very uncomfortable with supporting a right-wing government without SFIO involvement. Once the EDC Treaty is passed TTL, they no longer have a reason to swallow their moral concerns.
[4] OTL, it took 13 rounds and the elected was René Coty, who managed to get elected because he had been sick during the EDC debates of May 1952, and as a result, no one knew whether he was a cédiste or an anticédiste, hence being acceptable to both sides. Televising that awful performance is widely accredited with hurting the legitimacy of the 4th Republic.
[5] No Suez Canal crisis TTL.
[6] Like OTL, PMF managed to take over the party after Edouard Herriot's death, expelling right-wing-leaning Radicals like Edgar Faure, René Mayer or Léon Martinaud-Déplat.
 
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The Crossroads of Destiny

“We are now at a crossroads of destiny, just as we have been so many times in the past. Kuehl, Nixon, Ford, Gray, Dawes – all of these great men and women who fundamentally changed the course of America’s destiny for decades to come in the face of great turmoil and a burning desire for change. This is the time we now live in and Americans have resoundingly declared that they are tired of the government being controlled by the same small clique of elites, that they are done with policies that have only lead our nation down the road to death and destruction or toward mounting debt and economic ruin, and that the same old parties are no longer up for the job of governing this country. Well I am here today to proclaim a new beginning for America and to declare in no uncertain terms the truth ushered in by the results of this past election: the People’s Era has begun.”
- President Dahlkemper, January 20 2017

(This is an OTL Presidential list adaptation of the election game Crossroads of Destiny. Enjoy.)

1861-1862: Abraham Lincoln*/Hannibal Hamlin (Republican)
1860: Jefferson Davis/Hardin R. Runnels (Democratic), Stephen Douglas/Hershel V. Johnson (Northern Democratic), John Bell/Robert W. Barnwell (Constitutional Union)
1862-1865: Hannibal Hamlin/Henry L. Dawes (Republican)

1865-1869: Hannibal Hamlin/Edward Everett (Republican/Constitutional Union)

1864 tickets (deadlocked election decided through a partisan agreement in Congress): Stephen Douglas/Horatio Seymour (Democratic), Hannibal Hamlin/Samuel W. Black (Republican), Edward Everett/John Bell (Constitutional Union)

1869-1877: Henry L. Dawes/Salmon P. Chase (National Union)

1868 def.: James Henry Hammond/Horatio Seymour (Democratic), George Foster Shepley/George B. McClellan (Independent)
1872 def.: James Henry Hammond/Horatio Seymour (Democratic)

1877-1878: Joseph E. Johnston+/Clement Vallandigham (Democratic)

1876 def.: George Foster Shepley/Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte (National Union), George S. Boutwell/Rutherford B. Hayes (Populist), Jefferson Davis, Jr./John Tyler Morgan (Dixie)
1878-1881: Clement Vallandigham/George S. Boutwell (Liberal Freedom/Populist)

1881-1885: John B. Page/Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte (National Union)

1880 def.: Jefferson Davis, Jr./John Tyler Morgan (Dixie), Isaac P. Gray/John Eaton (Conservative), George S. Boutwell/Stephen W. Dorsey (Populist), Damien Marchesseault/J.P. Morgan (Courage)

1885-1889: Isaac P. Gray/James A. Weston (Conservative)

1884 def.: William Smith/James Longstreet (Dixie), Rutherford B. Hayes/Isaac Smith Kalloch (Populist), Ulysses S. Grant/Damien Marchesseault (Courage), John B. Page/Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte (National Union), Albert Parsons/George Schilling (People's Revolutionary)

1889-1890: Isaac P. Gray+/Ulysses S. Grant (Conservative)

1888 def.: Nelson A. Miles/John Sherman (Democratic-Republican)
1890-1893: Ulysses S. Grant/William E. Cameron (Conservative)

1893: Ulysses S. Grant*/J. P. Morgan* (Democratic)
1892 def.: John L. Beveridge/Stephen W. Dorsey (Progressive), Alexander Stephens/Thomas Edison (Conservative), Oliver Ames/John Sherman (Republican)

1893-1901: Nelson A. Miles/John Sherman (Progressive/Republican)
1896 tickets (deadlocked election decided through a partisan agreement in Congress): Nelson A. Miles/John L. Beveridge (Progressive), John Sherman/Thomas Edison (Republican), David M. Clough/Oliver Hudson Kelley (Conservative), William J. Northen/David Gardiner Tyler (Southern), Peter J. McGuire/Kurt Eisner (Labor)

1901-1903: Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte II+/John Sherman (Republican)
1900 def.: Oliver Hudson Kelley/Eugene Hale (Conservative), John L. Beveridge/Adlai Stevenson (Progressive), Kurt Eisner/Peter J. McGuire (Labor)
1903-1905: John Sherman/Thomas Edison (Republican)

1905-1909: Oliver Hudson Kelley/Miles B. McSweeney (Conservative)
1904 def.: John Sherman/Thomas Edison (Republican), Theodore Roosevelt/James Wilson (Progressive), Robert Van Wyck/Caroline Scott Harrison (Independent), Peter J. McGuire/Kurt Eisner (Labor)

1909-1917: John D. Rockefeller/Joseph B. Foraker (Conservative)
1908 def.: Charles Joseph Bonaparte/Henry Ford (Republican), Theodore Roosevelt/William Jennings Bryan (Progressive), Robert Van Wyck/John A. Johnson (Liberal), Eugene V. Debs/Peter J. McGuire (United Left)
1912 def.: Henry Ford/Charles Evans Hughes (Republican), Theodore Roosevelt/Eugene V. Debs (Progressive), Nelson A. Miles/Albert B. Cummins (Independent)

1917-1921: Henry Ford+/James Weldon Johnson (Republican)
1916 def.: Richard J. Reynolds Jr./Joseph B. Foraker (Conservative), Robert M. La Follette Sr./James Wilson (Progressive), Eugene V. Debs/Peter J. McGuire (United Left)
1920 def.: Woodrow Wilson/William Stephens (Conservative), Robert M. La Follette Sr./Henry Cabot Lodge (Progressive), Charles Schenck/Hiram Johnson (Nationalist), Victor L. Berger/Eugene V. Debs (United Left)

1921-1929: James Weldon Johnson/Robert M. La Follette Sr. (Progressive-Republican)
1924 def.: John M. Slaton/Carl Milliken (Conservative), William Joseph Simmons/Woodrow Wilson (Ku Klux Klan), Charles Schenck/Hiram Johnson (Nationalist), Robert Van Wyck/Calvin Coolidge (United All-American), Rosa Luxemburg/Victor L. Berger (Social Democratic), Henry Cabot Lodge/Norman Thomas (People's)

1929-1933: Warner L. Baxter/Richard R. Reynolds Jr. (Conservative)
1928 def: Floyd B. Olson/John T. Flynn (Progressive-Republican), Charles Schenck/Hiram Johnson (Nationalist), Victor L. Berger/William M. Butler (Social Democratic), Pierre S. du Pont/Herbert Hoover (Independent), Al Smith/Dan Moody (Democracy), Robert Van Wyck/Thomas J. Walsh (United All-American)

1933-1936: J. Edgar Hoover*/William Green (Progressive-Republican)
1932 def: Warner L. Baxter/Richard R. Reynolds Jr. (Conservative), Pierre S. du Pont/J. Weston Allen (Independent), Lamartine Griffin Hardman/William Randolph Hearst (Columbia), John H. Bartlett/Sidney Johnston Catts (Nationalist), Rosa Luxemburg/W. E. B. Du Bois (Social Democratic), John T. Flynn/Otis Glenn (Independent Progressive-Republican)
1936: William Green/Vacant (Progressive-Republican)

1937-1945: Pierre S. du Pont/J. Weston Allen (Citizen's Choice)
1936 def.: Edward Brooke Lee/William N. Reynolds (Conservative), J. Edgar Hoover/William Green (Progressive-Republican), David Caouette/Glenn Nielsen (Social Credit), James Robert Stewart/John H. Bartlett (American Left), Eurana Dinkey-Schwab/Hiram Johnson (Independent)
1940 def.: Glenn Nielsen/Leo Baekeland (Social Credit), Clifford L. Hilton/Royal S. Copeland (Progressive-Republican), Evans Carlson/Joseph F. Guffey (Nationalist)

1945: Pierre S. du Pont*/William Trufant Foster (Citizen's Choice)
1944 def.: Glenn Nielsen/Leo Baekeland (Social Credit), James J. Davis/Royal S. Copeland (Progressive-Republican), Peter Kalifornsky/Glen H. Taylor (Social Democratic)
1945-1946: William Trufant Foster/Auguste de Lafayette+ (Citizen's Choice)
1946-1949: William Trufant Foster/Benjamin O. Davis Sr. (Citizen's Choice)


1949-1953: Benjamin O. Davis Sr./Gilbert Bureaux de Lafayette (Citizen's Choice)
1948 def: Frank Knight/David Caouette (Social Credit), James J. Davis/Francis P. Murphy (Progressive-Republican), Claude Pepper/Rose McConnell Long (Social Democratic)

1953-1961: Richard M. Nixon/John M. Patterson (Social Conservative)
1952 def.: Francis P. Murphy/William S. Beardsley (Progressive-Republican), Glen H. Taylor/Darlington Hoopes (Social Democratic), Robert A. Taft/Harry F. Sinclair (American), William Montgomery McGovern/George Patton (Independent)
1956 def.: John S. McCain/William S. Beardsley (Alliance), Robert A. Taft/Harry F. Sinclair (American)

1961-1966: William Montgomery McGovern*/Claude Pepper* (Citizens Alliance)
1960 def.: Anne Frances Robbins/William F. Knowland (Social Conservative), Paul Samuelson/Harry F. Sinclair (American), John S. Battle/Norman Vincent Peale (Dixie)
1964 def.: James F. Byrnes/Prescott Bush (Social Conservative), John M. Patterson/Norman Vincent Peale (Dixie)
1966-1969: Elmer Austin Benson/Glen H. Taylor (Citizens Alliance)

1969-1977: Anne Frances Robbins/Prescott Bush (Social Conservative)
1968: Elmer Austin Benson/Rose McConnell Long (Citizens Alliance), Paul Samuelson/William Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse (Forward In Unity), John M. Patterson/Ernest McFarland (Patriotic Independent), Betty Friedan/Jacob Alksnis (Nature and Left)
1972: Glen H. Taylor/Herb Peyton (Citizen's Alliance), William Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse/Matthew E. Welsh (Forward In Unity), Betty Friedan/Stephen Gaskin (Natural Left), Harold W. Handley/Jimmy Fitzmorris (Patriotic Independent)

1977-1984: James Michael Curley*/J. Hugo Aronson (Social Conservative)
1976: Al Alberts/John Kluge (Citizens’ Alliance), William Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse/Prescott Bush (Forward in Unity), John Dale Ryan/Jim Wright (Natural Left), Lloyd Bentsen/Henry M. Jackson (National Front), Iris F. Blitch/Frank Church (Christian)
1980: William Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse/Iris F. Blitch (Reform), Ross Perot/Jimmy Carter (Independent)
1984-: J. Hugo Aronson/Leonard Ray Blanton (Social Conservative/Reform)

1985-1987: Rafael Hernández Colón*/Sheila Kuehl (Radical/Green)
1984: John H. Glenn Jr./Charles S. Robb (Reform), Guion Bluford/Calvin L. Rampton (America First), Jim Jones/George L. Rockwell (Popular Front), William J. Casey/Donald Rumsfeld (Social Conservative)

1987-1993: Sheila Kuehl/Matthew E. Welsh (Green/Reform)
1988: John Adams Wickham Jr./Claudia J. Kennedy (National Alliance), James A. McClure/Lane Kirkland (National Left), Forrest Mars Jr./Al Alberts (Alternative For America)

1993-: Claudia J. Kennedy/James A. McClure (National Alliance/National Left)
1992: Sheila Kuehl/Kathy Karpan (Democratic Choice)

1997-2005: Geraldine Ferraro/John H. Glenn Jr. (Green/Radical)
1996: Claudia J. Kennedy/Daniel P. Moynihan (National Alliance), Chuck Baldwin/Frederick C. Trump (Liberty), James A. McLure/Henry R. Ferraro (National Left), Derek Curtis Bok/Steve Jobs (Technocracy Inc.)
2000: Thomas J. Ridge/Daniel P. Moynihan (National Alliance), Robert C. Smith/Thomas J. Bliley Jr. (Liberty), Ted Kaufman/Michael Harrington (National Left), Oscar Goodman/Paul Tsongas (Technocracy Inc.)

2005-2006: Petr Pavel/Janet Wood Reno+ (Green/Radical)
2004: Robert C. Smith/Jim Clyburn (Liberty), Oscar Goodman/Abigail Johnson (Technocracy Inc.)
2006-2009: Petr Pavel/Hillary Rodham (Independent)

2009-2015: Mark Sanford*/Arnold Schwarzenegger* (Rally For The Republic)
2008: Petr Pavel/Hillary Rodham (Independent), David McReynolds/Michèle Flournoy (Democratic Choice), Robert C. Smith/Robert Dole (Conservative Alternative), Charles Marie Jérôme Victor Napoléon/Abigail Johnson (Technocracy Inc.)
2012: Brian P. Moore/Sue E. Wagner (Democratic Choice), Jo Ann Emerson/William D. Schuette (Conservative Alternative), Charles Marie Jerome Victor Napoleon/Abigail Johnson (Nonpartisan League)
2015-2017: Rafael E. Cruz/Kathy Dahlkemper (Rally for the Republic/Our Millennium)

2017-: Kathy Dahlkemper/Emmanuel Macron (Our Millennium)
2016: Ryan Lance/Rick Snyder (Conservative Alternative), Kshama Sawant/Susan Eggman (Democratic Choice), Norman B. Coleman Jr./Jesse Jackson Jr. (Rally for the Republic), Scott Walker/Nury Martinez (Americans Elect)

---

First Secretaries (heads of government) of the United States (1990-)

1991-1993: Richard Walton (Radical leading coalition with AFA and FMA)
1993-1995: Daniel P. Moynihan (National Alliance leading coalition with National Left)
1995-2001: Richard Walton (Radical leading Democratic Choice majority)
2001-2003: Richard Walton (Radical leading Democratic Choice coalition with National Left)
2003-2005: Richard Walton (Radical leading Democratic Choice coalition with National Left & Free Market Alliance)
2005-2009: John Edwards (Green leading Democratic Choice majority)
2009-2013: Mimi Walters (Republican leading coalition with Conservative Alternative)
2013-2017: Brian P. Moore (Radical leading Democratic Choice majority)
2017-: Jason Kander (Millennial leading coalition with Democratic Choice)


+ - officeholder died in office from natural causes
* - officeholder assassinated in office
 
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Maximum Chiefs of the United Mexican States

1928-1938: Plutarco Elias Calles (National Revolutionary)
1938-1942: Jose Antonio Urquiza (National Synarchist Union)

Presidents of the United Mexican States

1930-1932: Pascal Ortiz Rubio (National Revolutionary)
1929 def. Jose Vasconcelos (Anti Re-Election), Pedro Rodriguez Triana (Communist)
1932-1934: Abelardo L. Rodriguez (National Revolutionary)
1934-1935: Lazaro Cardenas (National Revolutionary)
1934 def. Antonio Villarreal (Revolutionary Confederation of Independent Parties)
1935-1938: Nicolas Rodriguez Carrasco (National Revolutionary)

Governor of the Military Government for the Occupied Territory of Mexico

1942-1944: Dwight D. Eisenhower (US Army)

President of the United Mexican States

1944-1950: Francisco Jose Mugica (Constitutional Revolutionary)
1944 def. Joaquin Amaro Dominguez (Union of the National Revolution)
 
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