The close friendship between Nicola Sturgeon and Caroline Lucas helped faciliate the Progressive Alliance
“The SNP, Plaid Cymru and the Green Party have reformed a presidential pact, agreeing not to field a joint candidate in May's election. Chair of the SNP Gil Paterson said it was "an opportunity to tip the balance of power". The Progressive Alliance, originally formed in 2014 to support Natalie Bennett's bid to become President, was dissolved later that year, but it has been revived for 2019. The three parties all support reducing carbon emissions and keeping Britain in the EU. Plaid MP Alun Jones said the group had approached Labour about a joint left-wing candidate but "they said no''. In a speech earlier, Miliband's campaign chair, Manchester Mayor Tony Lloyd, said: "We will never enter pacts like that - ever." "We are delighted that an agreement has been reached," said Green Parliamentary Leader Amelia Womack. "This is a significant moment for all people who want to support progress across the country."” - Greens, SNP and Plaid Cymru agree to pact, BBC News (2019)
After four years of working together, the Progressive Alliance for the Presidency made up of the Greens, the SNP, Plaid and other environmentalist and regionalist parties was reformed. Some had believed that with the nomination threshold lowered to just 13 MPs the Greens and SNP would go their own way, however the parties saw the wisdom in working together and decided to keep holding joint primaries and nominating a joint candidate. Standing outside Sheffield Town Hall, the leaders of the half-dozen parties made the “Sheffield Declaration” opening the primary up to anyone who would sign a charter stating their “progressive values”.
All candidates and parties were recquired to sign up to the "Progressive Charter"
Comedian and actor Russell Brand had burst onto the political stage in the mid 2010s with his YouTube channel “Trews”, an alternative to the mainly right-leaning British press. Since then Brand had grown his political profile, becoming a well-known campaigner against austerity. He had endorsed the Bennett/Salmond campaign back in 2014 and since then had grown even closer to the Greens. Brand announced his Presidential bid in his home town of Thurrock, one of the only places in the country to have a Brexit Alliance council. Brand pitched that the Progressives needed to appeal to areas like Essex, to become a true anti-austerity, anti-establishment campaign, and with thousands of pounds and millions of followers, Brand had a strong start to his bid.
“I bet the Tolpuddle martyrs, who marched for fair pay for agricultural workers, were a right bunch of herberts if you knew them. “Thugs, yobs, hooligans,” the Daily Mail would’ve called them. Our young people need to know there is a culture, a strong, broad union, that they can belong to, that is potent, virile and alive. Now when politicians pilfer and pillage our land and money for their oligarch mates take to the streets - together, with the understanding that the feeling that you aren’t being heard or seen is government policy. But we are far from apathetic, we are far from impotent. I take great courage from the groaning effort required to keep us down. Propaganda, police, media, lies. Now is the time to continue the great legacy of the left, in harmony with its implicit spiritual principles. Time may only be a human concept and thus unreal, but what is real is that this is the time for us to wake up. The revolution of consciousness is a decision, decisions take a moment. In my mind, the revolution has already begun.” - Brand’s announcement speech in Thurrock (2019)
Brand wasn’t the only independent to make a bid for the Alliance’s nomination, neither was he the most radical, as Extinction Rebellion founder Roger Hallam announced he would be making a bid for the Presidency. Hallam announced his bid in his typical civil disobedient way, spraying “divest from oil and gas! Roger for President!” onto King College London’s Strand campus. As he made his announcement speech in front of the graffiti he was escorted off-site halfway through by the university's security. Hallam’s campaign by far was the most extreme, pledging to scrap the British Government and replacing it with citizens assemblies and making Britain completely carbon neutral by 2024.
Hallam represented the radical protest groups that had turned on the Greens
Meanwhile, in the Greens, the division was once again between its radical and liberal wings. The question of the coalition loomed large with many Green supporters. For the establishment pro-coalition wing ran Jonathan Bartley, the Green’s Environment Secretary. Bartley was a big supporter of the coalition, of all the candidates he polled the best, being slick and polished, and Bartley made his electability a large part of his campaign. On the other hand Amelia Womack ran for the most coalition-sceptical wing of the Greens. Whilst she was serving in the coalition as Business Secretary, she had won plaudits by resigning from the Cabinet back in 2017. Womack promised to unite the Alliance’s disparate wings together, saying she would bring the Alliance closer to power without compromising on principles.
In the SNP, Scottish Premier Nicola Sturgeon made a point of ruling out a bid early on, with the Salmond trial and the coalition on the verge of collapse, Sturgeon had enough to deal with at home, besides, her allies feared a Presidential bid could be used agaisnt her by her internal opponents. Instead, the SNP’s establishment Sturgeonites settled on former First Minister Derek MacKay, willey, able and energetic, MacKay quickly received the backing of senior SNP figures, including Sturgeon, Senate President John Swinney and Deputy Premier Humza Yousaf, as well as the support of Plaid Cymru leader Adam Price.
"MSPs across the political aisle agree Mackay did a good job as First Minister. Members of his own tribe also believe he is a serious contender to succeed Nicola Sturgeon as Scottish Premier and party leader, should a vacancy arise. Mackay, Deputy Premier Humza Yousaf and Senator Jeane Freeman are tipped as possible leaders. A senior SNP source said Yousaf is better presentationally than Mackay, but the Finance chief is savvier. Mackay has come a long way since his wilder days as a pro-indy ultra who was viewed as a trouble maker by the gradualists. As he prepares his Presidential bid, it would be foolish to assume he has reached the summit of his ambitions." - Derek Mackay: the ex 'fundie' tipped as the next SNP leader, Paul Hutcheon, The Herald (2019)
MacKay was Sturgeon's prefered successor as Scottish Premier and SNP Leader
The SNP’s Salmondites weren’t going to sit and watch a Strugeonite coronation, controversial Senator Joanna Cherry, a key ally of Salmond, threw her hat into the ring. A rising star, known for her combative nature and high ambitions, Cherry’s candidacy against Sturgeon’s favoured son was a real blow to the Premier’s authority. Cherry said she would use a Presidential bid to draw attention to Scotland’s need for independence, and would work “night and day” to secure a referendum.
Cherry was the candidate of the SNP referendum "fundamentalists"
Unlike other Presidential primaries, the Progressive Primary was incredibly short, only a few weeks. This particularly benefited Brand and Bartley. Brand had his own personal fortune as well as a global name recognition to help his campaign get off the ground early. Bartley meanwhile had the backing of the Green establishment, and his high profile role as Environment Minister. The campaign quickly became a three-horse race between Bartley, Brand and MacKay, as more insurgent candidates like Cherry and Hallam struggled to break through, drowned out by the noise of Brand’s massive crowds.
Womack particularly struggled to keep her campaign above water, she was used to being the most radical candidate on the pitch, but with Brand and Hallam poaching left-wing voters, and MacKay and Bartley winning their party establishments with their electability message, Womack was caught in the squeezed middle. Many Greens remembered her disastrous leadership in the 2017 election, where she lost almost 40% of the party’s parliamentary caucus. Womack’s campaign was stuck in the mud as Brand and Bartley stormed ahead in the polls.
After a lightning-fast campaign, the progressives met in Stoke to unveil their Presidential candidate. Whatever the result it was expected to be extremely close, polls had Brand, Bartley and MacKay neck and neck with any of the three men expected to take the crown. The press had shown an unusual level of interest in the primary, possibly due to the novel presence of Russel Brand. As the Alliance’s national Chairwoman, Britta Goodman, took to the stage the cameras began to snap.
By just 30,000 votes Bartley had won the nomination, many in the Alliance breathed a sigh of relief that they had avoided a Brand nomination, but many younger people in the audience were bitterly disappointed. Joanna Cherry too had put in a strong performance, alongside the three leading candidates she was within the margin of error of winning the first round, much to the concern of Nicola Sturgeon Cherry had come just a few votes behind MacKay. Now with such a narrow victory Bartley took to the stage, to try and unite his fractured alliance, and take the fight to the main parties.
“We must do what science demands not what is deemed politically possible. It’s easy to fear the future. Our century is only 19 years old, but already we have seen 17 of the hottest years ever recorded. Fires rage from the Amazon to the Arctic, and democracy is under attack. But the night is always darkest before dawn. Progressives don’t fear the future. We welcome the future. Because we have the way and will. Taking decisive action to address the climate emergency isn’t just about averting disaster. It’s about creating a brand new Britain. Forget austerity. Forget worshipping GDP. Forget pointless and bloody foreign wars. Forget fracking, coal, and oil. Forget working longer hours for lower pay. Forget air so toxic it chokes you to death. This can be a new start. The best days of Britain can still be ahead of us. We need a decisive break from business as usual, and we are ready to make the leap. The Progressive Alliance has always been on the right side of history. The time is now to shape our future. Thank you.” - Jonathan Bartley victory speech (2019)
To what extent did Russell Brand's 2019 Presidental bid represent a "celebrification" of poltics? (30 Marks) - A Level Politics Exam