The 1989 Greater London Council election was held on the 4th May 1989 to elect the 84 members of the city’s council for a four-year term.
In the 1985 election, Labour had won control of the council, and under the leadership of Illtyd Harrington the GLC had implemented several reforms which were fairly popular with the public, such as the introduction of road-rail buses which have since become a staple of London transport and saving the Regent’s Canal from demolition, starting a waterbus service and bolstering the National Grid connections in the electrical installations under it.
Despite these reforms, the GLC had courted significant controversy. In 1986, it was reported that a copy of a children’s book called
Jenny Lives With Eric & Martin depicting a gay family had been provided in a school library. This was met with enormous homophobic backlash from the right-wing press, despite the London Borough of Islington and Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) demonstrating that it had only been made available to teachers and was for ‘exceptional circumstances’ with the consultation of parents.
This controversy, as well as the results of the 1987 general election in which Labour suffered a swing against them in London against the national trend and the push for a clause to outlaw the ‘promotion of homosexuality’ in the Local Government Act 1988, put pressure on Harrington that undermined his and his party’s confidence in his leadership, and after the Local Government Act was passed, he resigned in protest. Despite how divisive his tenure was, he has been reappraised favourably since, particularly in the form of the prominent depiction of him as played by Sir Derek Jacobi in the 2021 Channel 4 drama
It’s A Sin.
Harrington’s successor was Frances Morrell, who was elevated from the ILEA partly as a way to deal with the disputes she had been facing with that body. As GLC leader she surprised the public by proving less vocally left-wing than her reputation, though she refused to acquiesce to demands made of the GLC by the Thatcher government like ending its donations to LGBTQ groups and continuing the road-rail bus project.
The government tried to push through a law abolishing the GLC, but this was narrowly rejected by Parliament in 1988. As a result, Thatcher decided to focus on trying to win back the council, and convinced the party’s deputy chairman Jeffrey Archer to run for the council party’s leadership. At this time, having recently won his libel case, Archer was fairly popular among the Tory base; he won a by-election in the safe Tory seat of Romford and managed to secure the party leadership on the council.
When the election came in 1989, the Tories comfortably retook control of the council with 48 seats to 35 for Labour. The Social and Liberal Democrats, the successor party to the Liberal-SDP Alliance, performed poorly, only retaining Southwark & Bermondsey, which helped the Tories win a majority. The recently formed Green Party secured 10.3% of the vote, a surge which would be repeated in the European Parliament election the following month, but took no seats due to the first-past-the-post system.