1. The Ottomans are Turks, NOT Arabs
2. Nor, for that matter, are Central and South Asian Muslims
3. Without the Arab-Israeli Conflict to catalyze them, Arab Nationalism and Pan-Arabism will not be major forces in this timeline.
It is nationalist feelings, it doesn't have to make sense. The simply fact that the ottomans remain in power give credit to a pan-middle eastern state. You can see Arabs, turks, and whatever pushing for a greater unified state. Just as the Romanians did, just as the Greeks did, just as every single person in the world did.
Nationalism is just a unifying action, without the proper terms for the TL Pan-Arabism is as good as any other phrase for the idea. More importantly pan-arab feelings began before Isreal was even a nation, so it is more then reasonable that without the growing power of America, Russia and the UK that the Ottoman Empire could push a nationalist movement upon various muslim peoples. I mean if the Nazis could say those in the Ukraine are Aryans, then a Turk can find a way for a Pakastani to become just like him.