The Oranje Child (Queen Mary II TL)

[Gajah_Nusantara]

January 8th, 1681

Amsterdam

To say that the birth of Prince Frederick was miraculous was right. After several miscarriages by Princess Mary the years prior. Named Frederick after his father William's grandfather, the great elector of Prussia; James after his grandfather; and William after his father. His birth both brought happiness to the princess and brought the couple closer by the birth of their son. His birth would later bring profound impact to the succession.

Anne's uncle, King Charles II would send his eldest bastard, the Duke of Monmouth to accompany the prince's birth, as tradition would set and later people would say that Monmouth has said to bring her a message saying that she was now the heiress apparent if she bore a son and that she did but this rumor would soon past because the king had dismissed the idea later on.

England

The birth of Prince Frederick was joy and delight to the prospect of a protestant England after Mary's father the Duke of York takes charge. He is after all a Catholic and England was still afraid of the so called "papal plot". Even his brother, King Charles II was more happy at the birth of his grand nephew than the boy's own grandfather. Rumors said that he wanted Anne next in line rather than his Catholic brother but as many rumors are said, this was doubtful.

The rumors did hurt one person, the heir apparent, the king's brother and the prince's grandfather, James, the Duke of York. He was scared at the prospect of losing the throne that was meant to be his and losing it to his eldest, the Princess Anne. He was so fearful at the rumors that he wouldn't join his daughter but sent her other daughter, Princess Anne. He would only give her a letter of congratulations and sent a few spies into the court of William & Mary in Amsterdam to keep an eye on them. This would cause a big drift at the father-daughter relationship.

France

Fury, the only word that can describe the emotions that the Sun King, Louis XIV when he heard of the birth of Prince Frederick, the son of that dutch bastard, Prince William. The prospect of a Catholic Britain is faltering and is to be feared because of the rumors that King Charles would give the throne to his Protestant niece rather than his Catholic brother and is more solidified with when a maid in Amsterdam overheard the King's bastard, the Duke of Monmouth said to Princess Mary about her uncle's wishes for succession and giving her a letter, probably from the king. This gave shivers down to the Sun King for he cannot control the wild William and the unpredictable and braveheart Anne but her father was easy to manipulate.

The years to come would be unpredictable, thought King Louis XIV as he sat on the Sun Throne.

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

1681

The Court of St. James, England

The king had a meeting with one William Penn, son of Admiral Penn. He had owed the elder Penn a huge sum of money and so to pay the debt, King Charles gave a huge plot of land in the new world calling it Pennsylvania but the younger Penn was embarrassed and so the king granted the name change and so the land was simplified as Sylvania (forests, woods).

Next was the issue of succession. The birth of Prince Frederick brought up the issue once again and again the Exclusion Bill was brought to life again by the damn Earl of Shaftesburry. King Charles met with the Earl and his brother, the Duke of York to try to resolve the problem but the meeting got hot and so the Earl left and straight back to parliament. The meeting backfired as Shaftesburry, who went back to parliament describe his meeting with York and said that, "I cannot emphasize the traits of this man, who by law would be our next king! His rash behavior, his lack of wisdom and kindness unlike our king and his brother and after all his Catholic! Members! Not you forget our misery under the Catholics! Remember Bloody Mary! Remember the Spanish Armada! Let's today create a better and Protestant England by introducing the Bill of Exclusion! So that we may pursue a better monarch possibly by the King's niece and not his bastard!" The king fearing the possibility of the bill passing after all the heir in the bill already had herself an heir and so the king again dissolved parliament with his royal powers.

Military and Finance, the bane of kings. It was the last issue of the day and this both bored and worried King Charles. He had reports of King Louis XIV has raised a number of men to the Spanish low countries especially after reports coming out of Vienna that the emperor had fallen ill (it was just fever) but it made the king bold plus with the uncertainty after Prince Fredrick's birth made the French even more bold so one of Charles' commander, John Churchill, one of his brother's lackeys, proposed that a regiment be posted in Amsterdam as to "accompany the Princess Mary for his son's baptism" this was countered by his cousin, the Lord High Admiral who proposed sending the navy to Amsterdam and the channel to"patrol the seas and to protect our allies." Finally the king agreed to his cousin to send the navy but be albeit small numbers of them. His Lord Treasurer, the Earl of Rochester had gave the king his annual treasury report and reporting a stable treasury because of the peacetime and the surplus, the king was pleased at the report.

As the day was coming to a close a messanger came. He hailed himself as a messanger from his dutch nephew, William. He requested something very much impossible, New York City. The messanger said that Statdtholder William wanted the city but almost everyone in the court laughed out loud at the impossibility of that request but the messanger said that the city would be returned to the English when the Princess Mary or her son Prince Frederick was on the throne. People went silent but the Lord Chancellor, Sir Heenage Finch said that wasn't an impossibility and would discuss it with the king. The messanger bowed and went out.

The King, Lord Chancellor and the Lord Treasurer discussed the matter privately. The king was adamant that New York wouldn't be handed to the dutch but both the Lord Chancellor and the Lord Treasurer halted the king. The Chancellor, Sir Heenage Finch argued that giving up New York would be still status quo because of course Mary would be Queen because the king's brother, York hasn't have a male heir from his Catholic wife and the weight of the military would be lighten from the burden of guarding the bay and a said to give the protection to the dutch. The Lord Treasurer, Laurence Hyde argued that even though the nation is in a surplus their money wouldn't be enough if there was a prolonged war and both of them predicted there would be a war soon with the French. He argued that the Dutch should pay for New York. The King only nodded and said to bring the messanger to the court tomorrow for his decision. The Lords bowed and went out.

Somewhere In England

"The king has again dissolved parliament! He has again sided with his Catholic brother rather than the Protestant people of England and Scotland. We must act against this injustice and defend our island from the popish plot!" Said a middle-aged long jawed Englishman.

"And what do you propose? Rebellion? We'll be dead in a few months! Assassination? We'll fail of course!" Said a Scotsman.

"We will not fail! We shall be successful in this endeavor, gentleman! Are you with me? For a Britain free of the papal rule & a free one!"

This simple discussion between men would be the start of a plot that would shake the foundations of both England & Scotland. This was after all 3 years after the so-called popish plot which was spearheaded by Titus Oates or more eloquently, Titus the Liar. His conspiracy of the so called plot to kill King Charles II by the Society of Jesuits had bring about people's fright of the Catholics. The plot would destroy parts of the Catholic society and the Jesuits reputation for years to come but the profound impact on the people of Britain would be heard for decades to come.

York

The Duke of York would not be afraid of the Exclusion Bill that was proposed by the Earl of Shaftesburry the earlier year because these attempts were already made by him for 3 years and all has failed including now, even his brother had supported him by dissolving the called "Oxford Parliament." He knew that Shaftesburry was determined to get him out of the throne but he knew nothing could stop the Duke out of the throne. He needed to empower himself more so that they can't touch him. He needed almost royal power so that Shaftesburry could get his ass out of him and secure himself in the throne. He needed an heir but his young wife still hadn't gotten herself pregnant. He wanted a catholic Britain like before the age of Henry VIII or like the age of his ancestor, Mary, Queen of Scots. For now his heir is his eldest daughter, the Princess Mary who was married to that dutch heathen, William.

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

"My Child Will be the Greatest King in Europe!"

- Prince William of Oranje, during a cabinet meeting
​

1682

There were many reasons to be William of Oranje during the year of 1682. The French had backed down during a confrontation between the English navy, Dutch army, and the threats from the full wrath of the Habsburg might. The announced pregnancy of his wife, Mary. The huge surplus gaining from the spice rich East Indies and the huge trade profits and the purchase of New York City as a trade center in North America but at the price of 500 gulden per year until his son or wife gains the throne of England and the protection of both English and Dutch ships across North America. This was fair, William thought but he knew that this also benefited the English, a steady supply of cash from the Dutch and also they could focus their navy away from the Americas into their more preferred theater, Europe.

William had always feared his mortal enemy, Louis XVI of France. Even though he had backed down from his military movement, he was still a formidable and unpredictable man. Louis XVI had always had his "Reunion" policies and his hunger for the Spanish Low Countries and France's German neighbors. This was examplefied with the annexation attempt of Strassburg which had failed after the confrontation at the channel and at Metz. After the confrontation with the surplus of cash and trade, William had asked both the Dutch States General and Pensioner General Gaspar Fagel for more funding to the military and the navy. Fagel was always a loyalist to William and he was easily swayed but the States General was another whole question. After discussions with the leadership including Michiel ten Hove and occasional ally Anthonie Heinsius, William found a compromise with the privileges of the merchant guarded and a slight power increase to the Dutch East Indies Company which was booming at the time after they had gotten 2/3 of the East Indies and defeating several unruly kings, like Sultan Hasanuddin from Makassar from Celebes and taming the great sultanate of Mataram in Java.

Robert Spencer, Earl of Sunderland, a favorite of Charles II,
Fourth bringer of the Exclusion Bill​

The Succession question of England was always turning up even one of the King Charles II advisors, Robert Spencer, the Earl of Sunderland had even arrived to Amsterdam for the Princess Anne and her husband, Statdholder William to make a case in Parliament for his wife's and son's claim to the English throne and support of the new Exclusion Bill but now under the grace of Spencer because the Earl of Shaftesburry had been indicted of high treason and was in the Tower of London. William wondered why was the king's former favorite had easily fallen out of favor but he didn't care for the ambitious and know-it-all man, he only cared for the well being of the himself and his family and his wife's succession.

Charles II had allowed at the behest of parliament allow Spencer's Exclusion Bill to be reviewed and he would allow any dispute with the succession to be resolved within the realm of possibility and so William who obviously sided with Spencer. William, Mary and his infant son, Frederick William went to the so-called "King's Parliament" this session of parliament was called after the parliament before was disbanded after Shaftesburry's infamous speech and his indictment of treason made the king uncomfortable, especially the Duke of York, heir apparent to Charles II. Both the king and his brother, especially his brother was reluctant to let William to speak because he thought that this'll empower both William and Anne and damaging Duke James' standing especially with his wife, Mary of Modena having several miscarriages and failing having a Catholic heir for York.

======================================​

William stood in front of parliament, full of the king's supporters but he knew that most of them are still very much anti-catholic especially against Prince James, Duke of York. Anne and his infant son, Prince Frederick William sits next to him and he began speaking, "Speaker! Member of the Commons! Today we are brought together for a reason! A reason which is the succession to the throne of England & Scotland! England is a beautiful land, full of magnificent people and beautiful arts but I can see one problem for this land, its succession! The English were one of the first nation to reject the Catholic teachings and the pope's misguided ways and embrace the true ways for religion, the way of Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII. We must again look at the state of England and see that you are in a state of crisis! You are again nearing the ways of the past, the ways of Catholicism by nominating Duke James of York! Even though he is a member of the royal family and the father of my wife and the grandfather of my dear son, he is still a Catholic! Gentleman of the house, are you sure you want to have a King not only that is Catholic but also a French lover! You and I fought the French 4 years ago! Do you want to have a monarch who is a puppet of the evil which is Louis of France! I say no! ( the room filled with ovation but with also a number of boos. This lasts for 30 seconds) For you all who still doubts the legitimacy of my wife's claim for the heir apparent than don't look far, just look at the king's representative today, James Scott, Duke of Monmouth and son of the king! He has assured my beloved the throne at my son's birth! He had even given this letter to Anne! (William then raised a letter while pointing at the Duke of Monmouth, who was embarrassed at everyone looking)"

Everyone was at a shock, even Speaker John Trevor who after blanking for a second, tried to calm the shocked and angered members of the parliament. James Scott, Duke of Monmouth, son of King Charles II was booed out of the parliament with armed escort. William only smiled with Anne sitting behind him nodding and smiling with him. The question of succession just blew up in England.

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

"So here I die... In a New Land with New People..."

- Prince Rupert's last words
​

Early 1682

Pennsburg, Province of Sylvania

Prince Rupert of the Rhine, former Lord High Admiral of England had resigned his post in mid 1681 after he was granted governorship of Carolina and the task of colonizing the south near New Spain. He set of in 1681 and arrived at the new colony of Sylvania and the small port town of Pennsburg under William Penn. Although reluctant of naming the city after the founder, Quakers who moved to Sylvania had voted overwelmingly for the name of Pennsburg and so Penn, who was a advocate of democracy agreed to the name.

By the time Prince Rupert had arrived in Pennsburg it was a small but thriving port with both white and Indians trading in the market and chatting with each other, Rupert would find these interactions as charming and arousing to a European's eye and he absolutely adored it, he wrote in his journals. He met and chatted with the founder, William Penn and talked about the situation in Europe, the colony and Rupert's intentions. He was pleased knowing that Rupert was in charge of the colonies and said that man must be friendly with each other even though they are different. This was a nod to the friendly relationship Penn made with the Indians. Rupert stayed in Pennsburg for a week before heading out south to the Province of Carolina.

Charleston, Province of Carolina

Rupert arrived at Charleston with an approximately 20 ships and a few hundred settlers that were dispatched from both Sylvania and England for colonization. These men and women were either refugees or prisoners moved to the Americas to be disposed of. He had met with the previous governor, Joseph West and said that he would be replacing him but Ruoert, not being much of a administrator handled a few jobs to him and making West his number 2 in Carolina. He spent a few months there, cleaning up the Province and securing Charleston with construction and construction as to making it more comfortable and defendable. There were complaints from the local populace that some of the prisoners had been harassing them and so he put them back into a ship and put to stay there until further notice.

One day an Indian approached Charleston but the Garrison behaved inapropriately and he was chased out. A few days later a swarm of Indians came and harassed the Garrison. Rupert, feeling uncomfortable with the situation went out with four men, including Joseph West. This was arguably one of the most famous scene in British Colonial History, the so called "The Peace of Two People" This act would carry north american natives to the British for centuries and made Prince Rupert the hero of both the British Colonialism and Native Friendship.

==================​

The scene started when unexpectedly Rupert and the crew when neared the camp suddenly dropped their weapons and Rupert suddenly spoke in their native language of Cherokee and started to speak, "Oh hail chief! I mean you no harm! My men and I was mistaken in your need for help and I so apologize! I offer you my weapons as a peace offering!" The chief smiled and embraced Rupert as he went down from his horse and said to him, "I accept this peace offering white man! I only seek revenge for my tribesman! What can you do to stop his suffering?" Rupert smiled at the chief and said, "A man up north teach us humility and peace. Your people and mine are the same. I only want peace and not revenge. So do you, chief! I offer you no men and no revenge. Only an open gate and freedom. Do you accept?" The chief was happy but he turned back to his lieutenants, including the man who was humiliated by Rupert's soldiers. Not the chief who then spoke to him but the humiliated man, "We, the Cherokee accept your deal, white man!"

Painting of meeting between Prince Rupert of the Rhine and
The Cherokee Chief
​

October 1682

Southern Carolina, No Man's Land

Prince Rupert of the Rhine, after a few months in Charleston left the town and province under the protection of his capable lieutenant, John West and set on to the south with a new batch of colonists, mostly Englishman from Charleston and a bunch of Quakers with a small number of prisoners with a few friendly Cherokees for them to be guides, including the humiliated man or now more known as Homa or to the Europeans as "Honoris". They reached south of Carolina, still under British jurisdiction but no one claimed it. Honoris said that the land was good and there were many fish life in, so the colonists set their camp there. They wanted to leave but conditions were not suitable as their leader, Prince Rupert was ill and so they stayed there for a few weeks. Eventually a small town was set up, not their intention but they couldn't go anywhere so they just build on top of their old camp. Eventually the sick and ailing Prince of the Rhine died under the heat of the new world with loyal men and women surrounded him. He uttered peace in his last words and so the great peace bringer has died but a new city will be built on top of his grave. The City of Rupertsburg and in the Province of Honoria, as his last will says.

The Death of The Peace Bringer​

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

"The Tsar is Dead!"

- A Messanger to Tsaritsa Natalyaya Naryshkina after the death of the Tsar
​

Moscow in 1682 was messy to say the least. The death of Tsar Feodor III caused a succession crisis with two sides, Tsar Ivan V under the protection of Miloslavsky Family, the family of Tsar Alexis' late first wife pitted against Tsar Peter I under the protection of the Naryshkin family with his mother, Tsaritsa Natalya Naryshkina as their leader with her brothers, Kirill and Ivan. This was the start of the named "Moscow Uprising of 1682."

The crisis started after the death of the first born of Tsar Alexis I, Feodor III died without issue. The two claimants, older son Ivan from the Tsars late wife and the younger son, Peter from his second wife. Most people should've claimed Ivan as the eldest surviving son but there were rumors that Ivan was strangled at the Kremlin by the opposing faction of Peter and the Naryshkin Faction. This caused major riots and the Patriarch of Moscow was pressured by the Naryshkin to proclaim Peter as sole tsar. Not long after the rumors started, the Miloslavsky faction showed that Ivan was alive and well and proclaimed by Patriarch Joachim as the Tsar of Russia but still the Naryshkin Faction hold up their intentions to get Peter as not the sole tsar but now as the junior tsar after rumors of Ivan being insane.

The Naryshkin Faction not being submissive to the proclamation of Patriarch Joachim made the people of Moscow hostile to the both Peter and his family. On 17th May, boyars including the former Naryshkin loyalist, Prince Ivan Khovansky (supposedly supported by the old believers and thought that his betrayal was to gain leverage as to make him as regent) stormed the royal residence and murdered both of Tsaritsa Natalia Naryshkina, Kirill and Ivan. Peter, who was in the palace at the scene was trampled by the rabble, killing him instantly. The reports of Peter's death brought shockwaves to Moscow and the news made Tsaritsa Natalia to madness. The powers of the regency then fell to the eldest daughter of the late Tsar Alexis and sister of Tsar Ivan V, Tsarevna Sophia Alekseyevna.

The perpetrators of the murders of Kirill, Ivan and Peter was put to death immediately, including Prince Ivan Khovansky. This marked the rule of both Tsar Ivan V and Tsarevna-Regent Sophia Aleseyevna until the next century.

Tsarevna-Regent Sophia Alekseyevna, the Cranky Regent. She effectively ruled Russia all of her brother's rule until the next century.​

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

1681

Batavia

The Dutch East Indies Company had streched their control all over the Nusantara archipelago, Ceylon, Dejima in Japan being the only nation that can trade with Japan, The Cape of Good Hope and many more but the riches of the Dutch East Indies surpassed almost other colonies but the dutch needed more outposts and areas to control that is why they set their eyes back into their former holding, Formosa.

They had lost Formosa in 1662 after being defeated by the Chinese settlers (Ming loyalists) who had escaped from the Manchu Qing that controlled mainland China. Further with Aboriginal rebellions and the Chinese in Formosa made the Dutch lives there a living hell. After they left, the Chinese founded the Kingdom of Tungning, making them a sort of exiled Ming court in Formosa. After their king died earlier in the year and the accession of his illegitimate son, all hell broke loose. The Qing saw their chance and sent an ultimatum for their surrender. They refused of course but quietly sent a message to Batavia, the VOC's headquarters for an agreement.

Batavia, Headquarters of the Dutch East Indies in 1681
​

The agreement states that Formosa will be under the protection of the Dutch East Indies Company, the right to trade, the right to station troops and the right to settle in areas designated by the Kingdom of Tungning in return Tungning will be protected and defended by the Dutch and the king allowed to nominally rule the island with the Dutch as the "advisors" to the state.

The VOC council agreed to the proposition with Governor-General Cornelis Speelman pushing it the most. The Dutch wanted Formosa back because it could be a center of trade in China and could be a station point for traders to Japan plus the area could be militarized to safeguard the trade.

1682

Formosa

The agreement between the Dutch and the Kingdom of Tungning was a success and the Dutch arrived with ships, guns, men and a surprise, Dutch Settlers and a few Javanese. The Dutch didn't want to repeat the mistakes of the past and so brought not only men but also women and children both from the Netherlands and also a few people from the Nusantara, mostly Javanese.

Not long after the Dutch arrived in Formosa and reestablishing Fort Zeelandia, the Qing retreated from their planned attack, Formosa was secure for now. The Dutch, under Willem von Outhoorn made himself Governor-General of Fort Zeelandia and protector of Formosa quickly used an old dutch tactic, divide et impera.

The Dutch secretly spread rumors about the legitimacy of the king saying that his father wasn't the king but a simple courtier and he was brought to the court as a illegitimate child of the king. The rumors spread quickly and rumors of rebellion raged on as the rebels claimed the throne for Zhu Shugui, a member of the royal Ming family.

Zhu's Rebellion or the Overthrow of 1682 was a turning point in Dutch rule in Formosa for they supported the old and controllable Zhu Shugui. The rebellion quickly won against Zheng Keshuang and had him killed along with many of his loyalists. The purge sent many Tungning loyalist to Burma, Vietnam or back to China and with the influx of Dutch settlers along with Javanese population would change the demographics of Formosa. Coupled with the establishment of the Dutch Formosa with Willem von Outhoorn as the Governor-General of Formosa.

The First Governor-General of Formosa,
Willem van Outhoorn
​

The establishment of the Kingdom of Formosa with the house of Ming (Zhu) rulling Formosa under the line of Zhu Shugui and his descendants. A kingdom under the previous Han house of Ming (Zhu) would hurt Qing and Manchu domination in China and create unrest within the majority Han people there.

The Kingdom of Formosa or the New Ming Kingdom​

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

Prince Frederick William, Age 11​

Prince Federick James William or more often called Prince Frederick William or even The Miracle Prince for his miracle birth and his future fortune.

Born to the Statdholder of the Netherlands and Prince of Oranje, William and to the Princess Mary of England as their first born son. Born in the Netherlands, he was educated by a english-dutch governess, Anna Henrietta de Coen, a daughter of an English merchant and a dutch noblewoman. He learnt both the Dutch and English language at an early age and had a love of history early on. After he watched his father made strategy and battled victoriously, the prince, who adored his father learnt military too and went into service later on as a grenadier under his father.

He loved her mother, Mary too. He and his mother shared a deep bond, from Mary because the prince was her first born son and the prince because he felt dependent on her. He also had her taste on arts, both patronizing arts and artists later on their lives.

After they moved to England, the prince was still under Anne Henrietta de Coen's governess but was more open to his learning and opening him to the English nobility, such as the son of John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, John Churchill the younger, Marquess of Blandford and....

-The Miracle King, Randolph Churchill, Duke of Marlborough

To Be Continued​

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

"The First Whig was The Devil Himself"

- Dr. Samuel Johnson, Writer & Fervent Tory
​

In the mid 17th century there were two political parties operating in parliament, The Whigs and The Tories.

The Whigs or originally called, Whiggamor a word from the Scots who moved to Leith for corn. The Whigs were parliamentarians and were anti-James so as to not allow a catholic to the throne of England. Early Whig leader, Anthony Cooper, Earl of Shaftesburry was one of the leaders of the Exclusion Bill until he was arrested and tried for high treason and sent to the Tower of London until he died in late 1681. The mantle was then taken by another man, a confidant and trusted advisor of Charles II, Robert Spencer, Earl of Sunderland, who was a Tory man until his thoughts changed and his anti-french made him defect (he still was the king's confidant until his death and he was a known absolutist). He lead a fourth exclusion Bill into the King's Parliament of 1682. King Charles II, who was furious at the actions of the Whigs threatened them but decided not to after they were found too popular. After the plot of 1683 and the rise of ⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛ as the ruler of England, the Whigs saw a dramatic rise in power.

The Whigs were liberal in nature, supporting a parliamentarian government (under Spencer was more absolutist but improved later on), free rights, peaceful and the inclusion of Catholics (Catholic suffrage) even though they had opposed James, Duke of York as king they later developed Catholic suffrage under their leader, James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith in the 18th century.

- The Rise of the Liberals, Richard Newby, Baron Newby

On the other side was the Tories. They were mostly comprised of the King's loyalists and that's why their early days were called The Loyalists. On the party's early days were lead by the Duke of York, Prince James but when he was ordered to back down by his brother, Charles II he gave leadership power to James Butler, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and Lord High Stewartd until being appointed by the king onto the King's Parliament of 1682. He vehemently opposed the Exclusion Bills of the Earl of Shaftesburry until he was imprisoned. He later fought the king's confidant, a harder man to humiliate, Robert Spencer, Earl of Sunderland and his 4th Exclusion Bill. He blocked the 4th Exclusion Bill even until 1683 because the King had problems with this parliament for he cannot disband it for popularity. After the rise of ⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛, the Tories were sidelined until the rise of its successor, The ⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛ in the 18th century.

-The Tories: The King's Men but Not its Queen, David Cameron, Historian & former Chancellor of the Exchequer

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

"Well... I got two more!"

- Prince William of Oranje, seeing his newborns
​

March 1683

The birth of two more children to the royal couple of Mary and William would secure both succession to the English throne and secured a candidate for a future Statdtholder for William. The newborns, twins were one male and one female, Prince Henry and Princess Henrietta respectively. The birth was overshadowed by the announcement that Mary of Modena was pregnant with James' child. This was of course to the shock of the nation, especially the Whigs under Robert Spencer and Emanuel Scrope Howe, both leaders and proponents of the Exclusion Bill and fervont supporters of Mary's claim.

James Scott, illegitimate son of Charles II had exiled himself after the succession fiasco in 1682 and was ordered to stay outside of England by his father and so stayed with the person who started the whole mess, William of Oranje. James had secretly got a message from a prominent Whig, Laurence Hyde of an assassination plot on James, Duke of York to ensure that Mary would get the throne. James, he is cunning as he is loyal to the crown accepted but what he didn't knew was that more radical elements of the plot such as, Algernon Sydney wanted and succeeded to include the assassination on the king as he was planning for a Republican rebellion in East Anglia but James didn't realize the plan was to kill his father also. He later informed both William and Mary and both rejected the possibility and ordered Mary's cousin to burn those letters and to cease contact with them or else. He did what he was told and this decision saved his life, even though he didn't realized it yet.

William and Mary started to plot for a way to succeed her uncle without damaging her father too much. They contacted their ally and god knows how still the king's confidant, Robert Spencer, Earl of Sunderland of the plan. They knew that he was prone to absolutism and had a temper but they knew they needed him to succeed, so they devised a plan alongside the Howe brothers, Emanuel Howe & Scrope Howe and Mary's cousin, James Scott.

James & William proposed an invasion but Emanuel Howe and Mary didn't want to provoke both the English populace and King Charles as to an invasion would seem them illegitimate and the king could disown them alongside James York had capable commanders like, John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, a known confidant of James.

John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough
Confidant of James of York
(Known Opportunist)
​

Mary and both Howe Brothers said that they could push the 4th Exclusion Bill through but this was opposed by James, William and Spencer. William and James think that this would be too long and wasting valuable time while Spencer argued that this would anger the king too much and his bill was stuck for 2 years, evidence that the system was too long.

The hot-headed Spencer that made a proposal for a palace coup. This was struck down by almost everybody except James. They argued that they have influence in the court and the king's ear but the rest of them said that wouldn't be enough. Spencer, clearly angered, went out from the room. It seems that they couldn't find a solution until a maid came in and surprised and also horrified them.

========

Rye House
​

April 1683

The king and his brother, the Duke of York had went out from the castle to watch a show in Newmarket. What they didn't expect was a cabal of men that was called, "West Cabal" had already set up a trap for them along the way.

They had set up a makeshift headquarters in Newmarket to await the king and his brother's arrival. Robert West and his accomplice, Algernon Sydney had went the plan radical and made a few parliamentarians scared at the plan. The cabal was essentially divided into two, "The East Cabal" under the more rational constitutional and parliamentarian members of the plot such as, Laurence Hyde and John Locke who wanted only to kill James York and elevate Princess Mary and there were the "The Old West Cabal" under Robert West and Algernon Sydney. They comprised of Republicans and Cromwellians. They were clearly the leaders and had already fleshed out a plan to make a rebellion in East Anglia, already equipped with weapons.

As the king arrived in Newmarket, the Cabal started their plans. Robert West sent four men, all names lost to history into two different spots, two on the seats in the horse race and two into the fields. The first to strike was the men in the fields. Both men started to shoot the king's booth with their weapons and had shot the booth multiple times before running away. The two in the booth quickly stood up as their counterpart shot from below and went into the King's booth. One man started to shoot and the other carried a knife. All men died not long after but the deed was carried. Both the king and his brother was murdered. James of York was still conscious when the guards arrived and his last word was, "Name Churchill Royal Regent... Here I come, Father..."

Both faction ran away from Newmarket. The Old West Cabal ran into East Anglia and started the so-called "Second English Revolution" meanwhile the East Cabal quickly sent a mail to Amsterdam to quickly come to England and armed. The Panic of 1683 has begun

​

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, Lord Regent
During a meeting with advisors discussing the
War
​

1683

The English Theater

After the assassination of King Charles II and James York, John Churchill was appointed as regent by the dying York and early on he was bent to two sides, the so called "Jacobites" under the leadership of Charles Erskine, Earl of Mar who argued that the king should be the unborn child of James York and Churchill sympathized with them for he was a confidant of James York and a close ally meanwhile the "Loyalists" were the alliance of supporters of the original exclusion bills and argued that the first child born to the crown prince, Princess Mary should get the throne and they were lead by Robert Spencer, a confidant of Charles II and the Howe Brothers, in-laws of the late Prince Rupert of the Rhine. Parliament was already disbanded earlier after the assassination as to investigate the members for the plot. Churchill was a ambitious man and he knew after William's speech in 1682 favor the succession into Mary's hands, as a cunning bastard he favored which he could survived and so he decided to call and crown Princess Mary to the throne.

Mary, William and Prince Frederick William arrived in April 1st, right on April Fool's and their arrival in London were full of cheers but in Norfolk and Dublin their arrival was full of boos and mockery with names as "The Fool of a King & Queen" and so forth.

Churchill wanted to establish a government right away and so the King & Queen was coronated the next day on 2nd April 1683 as Co-Monarchs William III & Mary II respectively.

Their government comprised of Loyalists such as Robert Spencer as Lord Chancellor, Emanuel Howe as Lord Steward and Scrope Howe was made leader of the Whigs in Parliament. Howe easily pass funding bills for the army and the war. Former Lord Regent Churchill would be made Supreme Commander of the English forces along with William III.

Crowning of William III & Mary II
Prince Frederick William is visibly seen at the side
​

English Theater

During the Panic of 1683 three new nations emerged, in East Anglia there was the Republic of Britain, in the Scottish Highlands emerged the Kingdom of Scotland and in Ireland emerged the Jacobite Kingdom of Ireland.

Flag of the Republic of Britain​

William & Churchill planned to attack the most closest and the most weakest of the enemies, the Republic of Britain. The Republic was led by Algernon Sydney as the "Prime President" and Richard Nelthrope as Grand Marshal of the army, they hd set up a capital in Norwich. The green, white and red was created by Sydney and his men, the flag was meant to distance itself from the cromwellian authoritarian Republicans. The flag was meant that the red as sacrifice for the republic, white as liberty and green as fertity.

Intelligence had said that the Republicans had gotten the support of the French and they had accepted it reluctantly with a fractured government with Nelthrope leading the anti-french while Sydney lead the pro intervention but still he had accepted reluctantly that it was impossible to win except with foreign help. Sydney's faction would dominate the days of the Republic making Nelthrope still Grand Marshal but effectively gave the job to a French commander, Louis Bourbon-Conde, a relative of Louis XIV. It was decided to attack the Republicans first before striking Ireland.

When William & Churchill arrived they divided their armies with William going to the south with half of the forces with dutch reinforcements into Suffolk while Churchill headed up north into Norfolk. At the time Nelthrope was stationed in his newly constructed fort in Suffolk, Fort Cromwell while Louis was in Norfolk securing his position and training the army. The Republicans didn't had the support of the populace as they thought allying with the French was hated and unwise and so supported the Loyalists, this would demoralize the Republican forces later on.

Algernon Sydney, Prime President of the
Republic of Britain.
​

William was the first to succeed subduing the Republicans, he fought the easily broken and untrained forces of Nelthrope near Ipswich and had defeated them in Ipswich, kicking them out of the area. The final blow was in the siege of Fort Cromwell which lasted for a month before succumbing to mutiny which opened the door to William's victory and the capture of Richard Nelthrope who was said to be wearing women's clothing trying to be a maid but was found out by William himself.

The Northern Offensive under Churchill would prove more difficult with Louis Bourbon-Conde in charge of the army. Louis would use run and hide tactics using his cavalry to reduce Churchill's forces. They first met at the shore of the River Yare trying to cross but Louis successfully defended the river and pushed Churchill back and caused Churchill to halt the campaign for a week for the army to replenish. He finally crossed the river at another spot undetected by Louis. Louis' army harassed Churchill's for 2 weeks until both commanders found themselves south of the capital of Norfolk. The week before before Churchill had receive Churchill receive a letter that William had returned to the Netherlands because of the war raging on between the HRE, Spain and the Netherlands which Louis XIV was trying to capture the Spanish Netherlands and managed to defeat their armies until they reached Brussels, kicked them out of Lorraine and capturing Barcelona and so William went back to lead the armies there and Churchill was granted the commandership of the full army and the Dutch reinforcements which came the day before battle. The battle was fought hard between the two sides even compelling both commanders into the battlefield and it was a stalemate until Louis Conde was shot in the chest, fell from his horse and died there in the fields of Norwich. The army quickly routed after that and Churchill captured most of the soldiers that survived.

He quickly stormed Norfolk but when he arrived at the Republican Parliament he had only seen 1/4th of it and Algernon Sydney standing high and mighty on the podium but he knew there was no reason to fight and so his whole parliament and himself turn themselves in. The city was unruly and so Churchill left a number of forces in Norwich and the whole of East Anglia for security. The Republic had fallen for the second time.

Scottish Theater

Mackintosh of Borlum, Jacobite Leader of Scotland​

The Jacobites had gained an ally in Scotland after James York had influenced the king to grant rights to the Highlanders and this made James York a popular man up north. When they heard of the murders of both Charles II and James York the Highlanders positioned themselves as allies of the Jacobites cause. Mackintosh of the Clan Mackintosh led the Scottish Jacobites during the negotiations and after Churchill sided with William & Mary unlike most English Jacobites were happy with the decision that stated that the unborn child of James York would be treated fairly, be Catholic and could be anglicized if he wants, stays in England and be in the succession but the Irish & Scottish delegations didn't want these terms and both left the court to their respective areas.

In Ireland, Tyrconnell would organize a Catholic Irish court and proclaim the "Jacobite Kingdom of Ireland" with Mary of Modena, wife of James York named Queen Regent until her child is born and raised and in Scotland they would do the same proclaiming the "Kingdom of Scotland" with Mary as Queen Regent but when Mary of Modena heard this she would proclaimed that she would denounce the Jacobites and the rights of her child should be with her, this clearly angered the Jacobites but they had to let go because she's the mother of their claimant and so keeped the government the same.

Banner of the Scottish Jacobites​

Mackintosh and his Kingdom of Scotland with Tyrconnell and his Jacobite Kingdom of Ireland would unite into a union called "The British Union of Kingdoms" and proclaimed themselves as High Protectors of the Realm with Mary of Modena as Queen Regent.

Mary II, now leading the nation solely with her advisors would put Mary and her unborn child in the tower until his birth and until the war's over but they would be treated as if they were royalty (which they were) as to not anger the English Jacobites.

In Scotland Clan Mackintosh had small powers and so Archibald Campbell, Duke of Argyll would lead an army into the Highlands and would use the rivalries between clans to defeat Mackintosh. He would use ambushes and hide and run tactics to scare or defeat Campbell's troops but they never relented and quickly captured most of Clan Mackintosh, including the patron himself. The Loyalists would face stiff resistance late into the 1690s but they would finally defeat them.

To Be Continued

Damn This was Long to Write...​

 

[Gajah_Nusantara]

Banner of the Irish Jacobites

"The War in Ireland will decide the fate of Europe"

- King William III upon hearing the siege of Derry
​

Ireland

Richard Talbot, Earl of Tyrconnell, fervont Jacobite and proud Irishman declared the Kingdom of Ireland on Christmas of 1684, mere months after leaving the London after a disagreement with Charles Erskine and his faction of Jacobites. He declared himself as Lord Regent of Ireland and crowned in absentia the posthumous son of James York, Prince James Francis Edward Stuart as King James of Ireland. He quickly started major reforms in the kingdom starting from the military, the appointment of more Catholics and the major resignations of Protestant officers, this'll have implications later on the war. His other major reforms were the cultural reforms where he reintroduced the Irish language, culture into the nation. He appointed Patrick Sarsfield, Earl of Lucan as Marshall of the Realm and Charles Leslie as High Steward and Chief Propagandist [1]. Talbot was aided by them as they were the leading Jacobites of his faction in Ireland.

The Irish Triumvirate
Richard Talbot, Lord Regent (left), Patrick Sarsfield, Marshall of the Realm (center), Charles Leslie, High Steward (right)​

There were of course major opposition in the form of the Irish Loyalists. The Irish Loyalists itself is divided into two, The Protestant Loyalists of Ulster and The Irish Loyalists of Leinster. Ulster Loyalists were Protestants who had loyalty to Queen Anne and her regime and feared living under a fervent and zealous Catholic leader such as Talbot (which seems odd as Charles Leslie was himself an Irish Protestant). They're led by one Henry Montgomery, Earl of Mount Alexander, a descendant of the original Ulster-Scot families in Ulster. Because of the policies of Talbot there were many former disgruntled Protestant officers and so they formed their own militia, The Royal Ulster Militia under the leadership of one Ronald MacDonald, a 40-year-old former officer of the army [2].

Meanwhile the southern and more Catholic Irish Loyalists of Ulster were mainly comprised of people either who had loyalties to the English crown, merchants who think that staying in England would provide more trade and clergymen who think reconciliation with England was possible and an independent Ireland would be disastrous in the long run. They were led by the Archbishop of Dublin, Peter Talbot, brother of the Lord Regent, Richard Talbot. He was one of the clergymen who thinks that it would be disastrous an independent Ireland would be because he predicted their defeat and he was felt a sense of loyalty and debt to the crown because his life was spared thanks to his friend King Charles II, his brother James York and the efforts of the Princess Anne that saved him from execution during the Popish Plot [3].

The Leaders of the Irish Loyalists
Peter Talbot, Archbishop of Dublin (left), Henry Montgomery, Earl of Mount Alexander (center), Commander Ronald MacDonald (right)
​

The English Preparation

The English originally wanted the famed commander John Churchill to lead the invasion of Ireland but that plan changed because of the dire straits in Europe where the French had marched further into Austrian Netherlands and consolidated control over Lorraine and Catalonia and so King William III had moved him to Europe and so they started to find a replacement for him. Several candidates emerged such as, the English Jacobite Henry Hyde (a supporter of Charles Erskine and so opposed Richard Talbot) who was put forward by the Tories and Erskine himself; James, Duke of Monmouth, a famed military man himself and nominated by the Whigs and the Howe brothers[4]; Archibald Campbell, hero of Scotland, nominated by the Scottish lords and an unexpected named brought up, Frederick Schomberg, Duke of Schomberg named by Robert Spencer himself after seeing the prowess of the mercenary. Finally the Queen, after courted by each factions finally named the Commander for the Invasion of Ireland for his cousin, James, Duke of Monmouth. She was persuaded by the Howe's that his military assets were great and she herself was persuaded because of not only Howe's recommendation but also by Churchill himself, despite having problems with Monmouth acknowledged that he has good military credentials in leading the invasion. To satisfy the other factions it was decided by Queen Mary that Schomberg & Hyde would lead a part of the army invading Ireland with Monmouth himself naming a young man by the name of Charles Mordaunt as his aide-de-camp because of his self military genius seen by Monmouth himself and trusted the boy to help him.

James Scott, Duke of Monmouth, Commander for the Invasion of Ireland
​

Monmouth, after consulting with both Schomberg, Hyde and additional help from Mordaunt finally decided upon a plan nicknamed "The Northern Plan" which in simplified would be an invasion from the north but with help from the Loyalists who will plan an uprising the week before the planned invasion. They agreed for the invasion to take place during St. Patrick's Day as to confuse and surprised the Irish who would be too busy either praying or fighting the Loyalists.

The Invasion of Ireland

Sermon of May 1685​

The plan started with a regular sermon in Dublin. A week before St. Patrick's Day, Archbishop Talbot spoke with his congregation and said to them:

"..... My Children! Ireland is in dire straits! Not from the English nor from the mainlanders but from our own! I today speak truthfully that we are not prospering as said by our government but we are facing certain destruction! Our government is corrupt, incompetent and unable to accommodate all of our wishes! The wishes of the people of Ireland! I, today want you all to see that and I also want you to see that our former overlord, England has agreed to our freedom... More than what Talbot and his cronies offered you all! Freedom of religion, freedom of speech and freedom to express! Let us unite against our common enemy!"
​

The ensuing week became known as "The Dublin Uprising" where people rioted early on led by Archbishop Talbot and one Henry O'Neill. Early on they just rioted and demanded negotiations with England but those demands were only met with the Irish Army attacking and harassing them. Two days after the riots started, a shot was heard but it wasn't known who started it but it didn't mattered for it started a goddamn civil war in Dublin and most of Ulster & Leinster. Government forces, equipped by weapons recently got from France led by a former Jacobite Scottish soldier by the name of John Graham, they fought in the streets, the forests, the roads and in farms against a recently trained militia under Henry O'Neill and his Loyalist forces. Archbishop Talbot himself ran away from Dublin, carrying valuable information to possibly meet the Duke of Monmouth and his forces to Armagh, Central Ulster.

Frederick Schomberg landing in Bangor, Ireland during the Irish Uprising of 1684​

By St. Patrick's Day of 1685, most of Ulster had already fallen to the hands of the Loyalists under Ronald MacDonald and Hugh Montgomery's forces. With James Scott, Duke of Monmouth finally landing on Belfast alongside Charles Mordaunt with Frederick Schomberg landing in Bangor, Ulster while Henry Hyde landed on Kilkenny. Monmouth & Schomberg had no opposition to their landings with their areas being under the core Loyalist territory while Hyde faced opposition after his landing facing a garrison under John Graham, who moved up north to face Hyde's or Schomberg's forces but he stopped in Kilkenny the day before Hyde's landing and so faced him. The Battle of Kilkenny was a short affairs because of the inept experience of the Irish forces and the English sudden landing forced Graham into an early retreat.

In Belfast, Monmouth, Mordaunt and MacDonald marched southwest into Derry where Sarsfield had consolidated his defenses and his troops in the west while Montgomery went to Armagh to receive the Archbishop and his militia. The information was that the armies were concentrated in the south and west, Talbot moved his government into Connacht and a number of dissatisfied Irish lords in Munster wanted to parlay with either the Loyalists or the English. This was good because with another uprising in the south it would ease the burden of the Loyalists. Montgomery decide that himself and the Archbishop would travel to Cork to meet the Irish lords while O'Neill would disrupt and if possible join the northern army or attack convoys in the south. O'Neill decided on the latter so that the Catholics in his army don't think that they're fighting with the English to attack their people while if they stick to themselves they will have the thought that their countrymen are traitors.

While the Northern Forces were busy on their own, the others like Schomberg and Hyde decided to join forces to march into Dublin. They met in Kilkenny and after resting and training for a week moved south where many Irishman either reacted by hailing them as saviors and giving them supplies or they met either ghost towns or distrust. The English forces finally reached the River Boyne where they met Henry O'Neill and his band of militiamen and finding an unexpected duo of John Graham and unexpectedly Richard Talbot, the Lord Regent himself.

​

Battle of the Boyne

The Loyalists were led by three men: Henry Hyde, Frederick Schomberg and Henry O'Neill but true leadership was in Schomberg while the Irish Royalists were led by Richard Talbot himself. The Royalists had received the support of Louis XIV with him giving the Irish an approximate number of 2,500 soldiers and a number of weapons provided by the French but in return the Irish would give the French the same number of soldiers and The Irish accepted, even giving command of the so-called "Irish Expedition Force" to a illegitimate son of James York, James FitzJames, Duke of Berwick. Sarsfield himself was in Derry facing Monmouth & MacDonald and believing himself as the most experienced commander he led a force of 26,000 men while the Loyalists had 32,500 men comprising of Englishman, Ulsters and Leinster Loyalists.

Early on the battle was just bombardment after bombardment until the Irish foolishly moved part of the army into the river where it was raging, easily pulled back by the English forces. The Irish entrenched themselves but sent a number of soldiers to flank the English and they did the same under the comman of O'Neill. They met in the village of Naul and the Royalists were forced back. Meanwhile, Dutch troops that were sent to Ireland under the command of Schomberg had finally pushed through the ford of Oldbridge with their superior firepower until Schomberg was hit by an artillery and killed immediately [5], his son, Meinhardt Schomberg took command of the Dutch forces and quickly pushed through with additional support from his cavalry finally pushing back the Irish with additional support from the flank under Henry O'Neill. The casualties of the Loyalists were 8,500 dead and 10,000 injured while the Royalists had 12,000 dead and 8,000 either injured or captured by them.

Talbot himself ran away with his remaining troops into Connacht further deteriorating his prestige to lead and pushed the Munster Lords into near rebellion while Schomberg and his men was buried near the Boyne and his son Meinhardt took control part of his father's troops.

They arrived in Ireland by Christmas of 1685 and when they arrived they were met in horror as most of the city were either damaged or destroyed thanks to the Dublin Uprising months earlier. Even so they declared victory over the Irish Jacobites/Royalists as to the capture of Dublin and Hyde quickly took control over the city and started to invite and rebuild the city back, making himself the Lord of Ireland without agreement from the Queen and Monmouth, Hyde himself didn't tell the Queen nor the Commander until the end of the war. Meanwhile Meinhardt marched south after resting for a month in Dublin to take control over the rest of Leinster and possibly capture Charles Leslie, who had fortified himself there.

March to the West

Meanwhile, MacDonald & Monmouth had finally arrived in Derry seeing the city under heavy defenses and with Sarsfield himself leading the defense of the city. Their armies were large but the records were lost to history. The Loyalists gained much needed information thanks to a former governor of Derry, Henry Baker [6]. He was appointed in 1683 and led the city until being driven out by the Royalists and joined the Ulster Militia until he joined the army of Monmouth. He provided critical information such as the town having some weak spots in its walls and an underground resistance in the town which could help them and so Monmouth started to bombard areas where Baker said was weak and it helped them because the Royalists now had to rebuild the quickly crumbling wall and late in night many artillery and weapons were sabotaged by the resistance which helped the Loyalists. In January 1686, nearly a month after the siege began the town began to starve and the Irish tired, this worried Sarsfield and so he decided on a breakout attack. He went out with half of his army and the other half either to bombard the English or to guard the rebellious town. The Irish initially held the upper ground until their ammunition started to waver and so Monmouth decided to personally lead a charge against the Irish and this proved successful, repelling the forces and capturing and killing a lot of them but this hasn't changed that the town still was under Irish control until the next day on January 28th 1686 when the Royal English Fleet came up to Derry and shelled it without hesitation, demolishing much of the town and this made the English bold and so they charged in and successfully captured the town with minimal casualties but Sarsfield and a number of his men was missing, presumed running south into Connacht.

Munster Rebellion

Henry Montgomery, Archbishop Talbot and an additional third man representing the English, George Walker, a close ally of the now-dead Schomberg and confidant of Monmouth; they went quietly to meet the leaders of the Irish lords of Munster in Cork. They met with Neill O'Neill, a distant cousin of Henry O'Neill and John FitzGerald, Earl of Kildare (he moved south after the rise of James York in 1683). The Irish lords will declare their support to Queen Mary II if only they were granted dukedoms and the right to freedom of the Catholics and the support for them in Ireland. Montgomery at first was reluctant but after persuasion by George Walker and Talbot he accepted it. They wanted to raise a militia first and decided to rise up on February of 1686, a year after the negotiations and they agreed. The three men stayed in Munster to help and advise the Irish lords.

On February 1686, after the successful siege of Derry and as according to the plan, the Munster Lords rose up against Talbot, Sarsfield and Leslie. They easily captured most of Munster except for the north where it was still under Talbot's rule and so divided their armies with the southern forces led by FitzGerald and Walker to face Charles Leslie, who had nominal control over southern Leinster and eastern Munster while O'Neill and Montgomery led their forces north to squeeze Talbot's control over Ireland or Connacht to be correct.

The Last Stretch

Richard Talbot & Patrick Sarsfield in their emergency capital in Westport, Connacht were panicking over their lost and their lost of Leslie who they think was already either dead or captured and so wanted to escape Ireland, either with riches and men or nothing at all. They panicked for weeks until a letter came in from Louis XIV of France and offered them refuge in France but with the condition that they take soldiers and the riches of Ireland as to make them men of France and help them in wars to come. Early on Talbot agreed all the way but Sarsfield was hesitant and said that if they suffered another defeat then they will escape and he agreed knowing that they would be defeated again. That defeat will come under the rebellious Munster.

Sarsfield took what remained of the Irish army and marched south because he thought that the Munster were an easier foe and the Catholic people of Munster would rise up against them if they were defeated. They met near the Lough Corrib, south of Westport. They had 10,000 each in their armies and each led by commanders, the Loyalists by Montgomery and O'Neill while the Royalists/Jacobites under Sarsfield. The battle itself was short because of the demoralized Irish forces and the tactical superiority of the Loyalist forces. The Irish first attacked with their cavalry but were easily repulsed and then bombard the Loyalist but it still resolved the Loyalists. Finally the Loyalist marched with full heart and attack them relentlessly forcing Sarsfield to retreat. Now, Sarsfield took the advice of Talbot and Louis XIV and so went back to Westport to start evacuation.

In the south, the major victory in the Irish army was the defeat of FitzGerald's forces in Leinster but it didn't stop them to reach Charles Leslie who was hiding in a church after escaping and leading a band of Irish Jacobites, officially capturing him on July of 1687. While their other victory was a near victory where John Graham attacked forces under Schomberg in their pursuit of Leslie in Carlow where he surprised the English forces but as like the former it was short lived as they captured Leslie not long after but Graham himself ran north to Westport to join the evacuation.

Monmouth himself had an easy road into Westport with only ambushes and small fights. They arrived in Westport in January 1687. When they reached Westport, the city was like a ghost town empty and without any soldiers or the riches of Ireland, only a note from Talbot which was given to Monmouth:

"You have victory... but we have the riches and the soldiers! See you anywhere, you King's Bastard!"
​

Nicknamed "The Flight of the Jacobite" it was what ended the war in Ireland but it was only a one part of a major war dubbed the first world war or "10 Years War"

Next Up: THE AFTERMATH OF THE CIVIL WAR

Sorry for the long wait.... School and losing files a lot... ​

Footnotes:
[1] Leslie was a known Jacobite propagandist and so I made the title as to fit his style
[2] Fictional Character
[3] OTL he was executed during the Popish Plot, ITTL he survived because of his friend's influence King Charles II who OTL didn't save him
[4] ITTL he didn't commit the Monmouth Rebellion and helped William & Mary into the throne and so wasn't executed
[5] OTL killed in the Battle of The Boyne but in TTL I made his death similar but different
[6] OTL he was Governor of Derry in 1689 but because of butterflies he was named in 1683

​