…The capital and seat of government of the American Socialist Union shall be the city of Manhattan…
…No laws interfering with the business of the federal government may be passed by any commonwealth, county, or municipal government…
- From Article VI of the ASU Constitution
…No land may be seized from any Native American tribe without the consent of a majority of its members…
- The Tenth Guarantee of the ASU Constitution
…The debate over the location of the capital had been raging for over a year. Many had assumed that Washington, D.C. would continue to be the capital, but the destruction of much of the city during the Battle of Washington put paid to that idea. A few advocated for a temporary capital elsewhere until the city could be rebuilt, but Washington had become associated with the White government…
…The leading candidates for a new capital had been Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia. Chicago had been the de facto Red capital during the Revolution, hosted the IWW headquarters, and was much more centrally located. New York, on the other hand, was the nation’s largest city and the birthplace of the Revolution, as well as having served as the capital during George Washington’s first term…
…Philadelphia’s claim was partly as a compromise, but also had the legacy of being the capital during the First American Revolution. Aside from the city’s own socialists, most of the Philadelphia supporters were Constitutionalists, and they recognized that their chances were slim. So they were receptive when Leon Bronstein (one of the advocates for New York) approached them, suggesting that Philadelphia could host the Constitutional Convention if they backed New York as the capital…
…With Philadelphia’s supporters switching to New York, the choice was now clear. Ironically, the votes for New York came largely from Constitutionalists and Revolutionaries, while the Revisionists mostly backed Chicago. But that brought up the issue of jurisdiction. The former capital had been a special district with no representation in Congress or able to vote for the Presidency[1]. This was clearly unacceptable, especially for a city the size of New York. As a compromise, a special Capital Commonwealth (later the DeLeon Commonwealth) would be created out of New York City (minus Staten Island, which went to New Jersey[2]), Long Island, and Westchester County. Unlike the former District of Columbia (which was retroceded to Maryland), the Capital Commonwealth would be equal to all others. The rest of New York State was renamed the Iroquois Commonwealth. The delegates also adopted a clause which prohibited commonwealth or local governments from passing laws interfering with the federal government’s business. The exact scope of this clause has, naturally, been an issue of contention…
…The one remaining question was the Native Americans. The Navajo had gained de facto independence, but the reality was that an independent Navajo Nation would be an enclave within the ASU, utterly dependent on it but without a voice in American politics. They had opted to instead seek to join the ASU on their own terms. With the GDC accepting the Navajo delegation on their own, the admission of what would become the Commonwealth of Dineteh was virtually a fait accompli…
…In theory, the same options – even outright independence – were also available to other Native American tribes. But no other tribe held a large enough territory to be a viable commonwealth, let alone independent. There was some discussion of the tribes of eastern Oklahoma uniting into one commonwealth, possibly named Sequoyah, but it never went anywhere. Nor did anyone like the concept of uniting the reservations into one or more non-contiguous commonwealths. Instead, the constitution would establish a more rigorous version of the existing reservation system. In particular, all property on the reservations would become part of the reservations. All reservations would also become counties within their respective commonwealths. In a few cases, such as the Standing Rock Sioux, the Lake Traverse Oyate, and the Mountain Ute, this would result in border adjustments between commonwealths[3]…
…In addition to control over the reservations, the Guarantees were expanded to ensure the preservation of Native culture. The Eleventh Guarantee, which abolished the abominable practice of residential schools, was passed unanimously after a fiery speech by Victor Berger in which he compared residential schools to the Tsarist practice of abducting Jewish children and forcing them to convert to Christianity. The Constitutional Convention did not solve all issues facing the Native Americans, but no longer would they be disenfranchised…
- From A New Union: A Political History of the American Socialist Union by Hillary Rodham
[1] IOLT, D.C. would only gain the ability to vote for the President in 1961, after the passing of the 23rd Amendment.
[2] Correcting a great error.
[3] These are the only examples I could find of reservations that cross state borders.