POD: All of Qing China's heirs up to Prince Gong are killed in the Second Opium War, so he takes the throne of China
Emperors of China:
1861-1899: Liyuan (Qing Dynasty) [1]
1899-1920: Ganzhaoning (Qing Dynasty) [2]
1920-1949: Ligong (Qing Dynasty) [3]
[1] Born as Prince Gong, the Liyuan Emperor came to the throne of a humiliated China in 1861, a China who the Emperor knew needed to modernize. Liyuan launched a massive modernization program, modernizing the military and establishing the first railroads in 1865. By 1870, China's modernization was complete. The Chinese army now fought with western technology and had a constitution giving the people a voice. Liyuan would go about establishing relations with other powers, bringing Hawaii into the Chinese sphere. In 1893, the Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown, and a risk arose that Hawaii would become annexed by the United States. China went to war with America, and won, restoring the monarchy and firmly establishing Hawaii as a tributary. Liyuan died in 1899, leaving a stable, prosperous China to his eldest son, Prince Zaicheng.
[2] Prince Zaicheng would use the reign title, Ganzhaoning, which means "equal of West" which Zaicheng, hope would represent, how he would carry on his father's plans, while at the same time being his own independent emperor.
In 1912, he allied himself with the growing power of Europe, creating the Alliance of Four Emperors, with Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany, Sultan Mehmed V of Ottoman Empire, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary and himself.
When war broke in 1914, between Astria-Hungary and Serbia, with Russia throwing itself into the war at Serbia's corner, China threw itself behind its ally, taking much of Eastern Russia within the first year.
With much of Russia, being conquered in the East, Tsar Nicholas II was unable to fight on the Western front, leaving Imperial Germany, to march straight onto France.
The Great War, lasted only two and a half years, and ended on March 24th 1917, seeing Russia fall from it's once high peddistal to become a mere shadow of a nation. The balkens were split between Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
While German was able to show it's true might.
The real winner was China, who under Ganzhaoning, became the largest nation on Earth.
Ganzhaoning Emperor would see nearly three years of recovery, beforing dying of a heart attack in 1920.
[3] Ganzhaoning's son, Prince Zhuang, would take the regnal name of Ligong, to honor his grandfather, Prince Gong. Although China enjoyed much in the way of prosperity(at least for the middle and upper classes) during his first decade, trouble began to stir on the horizon back out west: Britain, troubled by the loss of several of it's colonies, began to undergo a recession in 1921-nobody thought much of it outside Britain, and then a stock panic occurred in London late in 1928. Unfortunately, despite the British government's best efforts, the economy crashed in September 1929.....affecting the Americas by the end of March 1930, and the rest of the world not long after; China was hit particularly hard after the German and Austrian economies bottomed out, and many of the country's financial institutions were forced to go into bankruptcy. Furthermore, Russian nationalists, some Communist but with many revanchists in general, with or without socialist leanings, were starting to cause a huge amount of trouble in Siberia.
The "Bloody September" events of 1930 would prove to be only the beginning of China's troubles; by 1933, with unemployment nearing 30% overall, unrest was becoming a notable problem, especially in the rural areas, that remained largely neglected by the government. One of the most significant events of note happened in September, 1935, after a major Communist-led revolt in Hunan Province was crushed; the instigator, a 41 year old factory foreman by the name of Mao Zedong, was publically executed for his treason against China; unfortunately for the government, Mr. Mao quickly became a martyr for not just the Communists, but for revolutionaries in general. Further complicating matters, the new socialist regime in Russia, now under the wife of the recently deceased Vladimir Lenin, was getting back on their feet, and was not only beginning to aid the rebels in Siberia, but Russian agents were also looking into provoking nationalistic protests in Indochina and the former British Burma and Assam as well.
By 1938, China had fallen back into recession, and the increasingly uneasy Emperor Ligong found himself stuck in between the moderates and the reactionaries within the Chinese government. What made his situation all the more complicated was that both Germany and Austria-Hungary were both now under the control of militaristic governments, and the Ottoman Empire had itself collapsed in 1933, with only Syria remaining under Turkey's control at this point in time. To top all this, the Japanese had recently looking to expand their own sphere of influence.....and were getting a little antsy around their western neighbors. In April 1939, a brief revolt in the protectorate of Hawa'ii resulted in it's being taken over by a joint Anglo-American effort, after they joined forces with the rebels.
And after an assassination attempt on the Emperor's life in November of 1940. which killed much of the civilian government, an emergency regime was cobbled together(and the Constitution of 1879 scrapped); but as this government was weak in the fringe areas, it allowed the Siberians and the Indochinese to officially break away from China's control over the next year or so. By this time, conflict had begun in Europe over the Alsatian Crisis, which would soon turn into a full-blown regional war.
But the final trigger would be pulled by the Chinese themselves; late in 1941, the Chinese military had become increasingly concerned over the increasingly strong presence of American and British ships in the western Pacific, including near their protectorate of the Phillipines; China's top air force general, Li Yuanren, warned the Emperor that he believed that the Americans and their allies were planning an imminent attack on Chinese assets there, and elsewhere in that area, and submitted a plan drawn up by some of his colleagues detailing a pre-emptive strike to deal with the problem: the Emperor reluctantly agreed, believing the country to be in great danger.
On the morning of December 7th, several dozen Chinese warplanes would fly over Naha, Okinawa, and Iturup in the Kuril Islands, home to two of Japan's largest forward military bases, and launched a surprise attack; 4,000 Japanese soldiers were killed. When word got out of the attacks, both America and the British Commonwealth declared war on China on behalf of their erstwhile allies; on January 17th, 1942, both Germany and Turkey would declare war on the United States and Britain; in response, the leftist governments of Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and Belgium, as well as Holland, Norway and Sweden(Finland was greatly sympathetic to the British but didn't want to suffer like they did in the last war) would soon form an alliance with the British and the Americans, creating the Allied Powers.....the Second Great War had begun.
The first year and a half went well for the Chinese, as they were able to inflict a fair amount of damage to both Japan and their British allies, and managed to cause a good bit of trouble for the Russians in their Central Asian provinces. However, though, their poorly planned attempt to retake Hawa'ii in April 1944, and the equally failed invasion of the Aleutians in the U.S. territory of Alaska, just a couple of months later, would prove to be a turning point in favor of the Allies.
By the end of the spring of 1945, the Chinese would find themselves not only losing all of Siberia, but even Outer Mongolia and parts of Xinjiang and northern Manchuria as well; the losses would only worsen with time, as had happened with their European allies as well. And when the British and Dutch began an invasion of the mainland in November, the resolve of all but the most hardened nationalists began to crack. On April 9, 1946, the Chinese government offered a cease fire, which was accepted; however, though, one faction of the regime led by General Wong Lee, broke away from the rest, and continued to harass the Allies.
And even with much of their territory lost, both Germany and Austria-Hungary continued fighting, as did the Turks; all three of them would learn, however, that this was a tragically foolish endeavour, especially given the actions of Germany in particular. On the afternoon of September 7th, 1946, American bombers would fly one last mission-to use the atom bomb for the first time in it's history; the cities of Kassel and Magdeburg in Germany, as well as Klausenburg in Hungary, and Bursa in Turkey were all devastated. Horrified, and fearing that the same would happen to China, General Lee surrendered to the Allies just two days later, finally ending the last phase of the war.
Emperor Ligong cooperated with the Allies much more than expected, and signed a peace treaty with the United States and Britain in particular, as well as a cease-fire with the newly empowered Soviet Union, in the hopes that his country could being rebuilding soon.
Although on the losing side, unlike the three leaders of the Axis Powers(Germany's Klausen, Austria's Ferdinand, and Turkey's Abdulhamid; China was not officially part of the Axis itself, although were allied with them to an extent.), Ligong's image would eventually be fully rehabilitated, and seen as a leader whom, although made some tragic mistakes, genuinely cared about the welfare of the people of his nation.
Tired out from the war, Ligong rarely ruled after the war, except to preside over the restoration of the constitution, preferring to spend most of his time in the Forbidden City. He died on 20 September 1949, and, as both of his only sons had died during the war, his daughter, Princess _____, a bright young woman who had taken a great interest in her ancestral Manchu culture, would take over, as mostly a figurehead, but still loved by the people at large, and seen as a symbol for what they believed would be a much brighter future for China.....
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POD: All of Qing China's heirs up to Prince Gong are killed in the Second Opium War, so he takes the throne of China
Emperors of China:
1861-1899: Liyuan (Qing Dynasty) [1]
1899-1920: Ganzhaoning (Qing Dynasty) [2]
1920-1949: Ligong (Qing Dynasty) [3]
1949-1983: Yehanara (Qing Dyanasty) [4]
[1] Born as Prince Gong, the Liyuan Emperor came to the throne of a humiliated China in 1861, a China who the Emperor knew needed to modernize. Liyuan launched a massive modernization program, modernizing the military and establishing the first railroads in 1865. By 1870, China's modernization was complete. The Chinese army now fought with western technology and had a constitution giving the people a voice. Liyuan would go about establishing relations with other powers, bringing Hawaii into the Chinese sphere. In 1893, the Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown, and a risk arose that Hawaii would become annexed by the United States. China went to war with America, and won, restoring the monarchy and firmly establishing Hawaii as a tributary. Liyuan died in 1899, leaving a stable, prosperous China to his eldest son, Prince Zaicheng.
[2] Prince Zaicheng would use the reign title, Ganzhaoning, which means "equal of West" which Zaicheng, hope would represent, how he would carry on his father's plans, while at the same time being his own independent emperor.
In 1912, he allied himself with the growing power of Europe, creating the Alliance of Four Emperors, with Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany, Sultan Mehmed V of Ottoman Empire, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary and himself.
When war broke in 1914, between Astria-Hungary and Serbia, with Russia throwing itself into the war at Serbia's corner, China threw itself behind its ally, taking much of Eastern Russia within the first year.
With much of Russia, being conquered in the East, Tsar Nicholas II was unable to fight on the Western front, leaving Imperial Germany, to march straight onto France.
The Great War, lasted only two and a half years, and ended on March 24th 1917, seeing Russia fall from it's once high peddistal to become a mere shadow of a nation. The balkens were split between Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
While German was able to show it's true might.
The real winner was China, who under Ganzhaoning, became the largest nation on Earth.
Ganzhaoning Emperor would see nearly three years of recovery, beforing dying of a heart attack in 1920.
[3] Ganzhaoning's son, Prince Zhuang, would take the regnal name of Ligong, to honor his grandfather, Prince Gong. Although China enjoyed much in the way of prosperity(at least for the middle and upper classes) during his first decade, trouble began to stir on the horizon back out west: Britain, troubled by the loss of several of it's colonies, began to undergo a recession in 1921-nobody thought much of it outside Britain, and then a stock panic occurred in London late in 1928. Unfortunately, despite the British government's best efforts, the economy crashed in September 1929.....affecting the Americas by the end of March 1930, and the rest of the world not long after; China was hit particularly hard after the German and Austrian economies bottomed out, and many of the country's financial institutions were forced to go into bankruptcy. Furthermore, Russian nationalists, some Communist but with many revanchists in general, with or without socialist leanings, were starting to cause a huge amount of trouble in Siberia.
The "Bloody September" events of 1930 would prove to be only the beginning of China's troubles; by 1933, with unemployment nearing 30% overall, unrest was becoming a notable problem, especially in the rural areas, that remained largely neglected by the government. One of the most significant events of note happened in September, 1935, after a major Communist-led revolt in Hunan Province was crushed; the instigator, a 41 year old factory foreman by the name of Mao Zedong, was publically executed for his treason against China; unfortunately for the government, Mr. Mao quickly became a martyr for not just the Communists, but for revolutionaries in general. Further complicating matters, the new socialist regime in Russia, now under the wife of the recently deceased Vladimir Lenin, was getting back on their feet, and was not only beginning to aid the rebels in Siberia, but Russian agents were also looking into provoking nationalistic protests in Indochina and the former British Burma and Assam as well.
By 1938, China had fallen back into recession, and the increasingly uneasy Emperor Ligong found himself stuck in between the moderates and the reactionaries within the Chinese government. What made his situation all the more complicated was that both Germany and Austria-Hungary were both now under the control of militaristic governments, and the Ottoman Empire had itself collapsed in 1933, with only Syria remaining under Turkey's control at this point in time. To top all this, the Japanese had recently looking to expand their own sphere of influence.....and were getting a little antsy around their western neighbors. In April 1939, a brief revolt in the protectorate of Hawa'ii resulted in it's being taken over by a joint Anglo-American effort, after they joined forces with the rebels.
And after an assassination attempt on the Emperor's life in November of 1940. which killed much of the civilian government, an emergency regime was cobbled together(and the Constitution of 1879 scrapped); but as this government was weak in the fringe areas, it allowed the Siberians and the Indochinese to officially break away from China's control over the next year or so. By this time, conflict had begun in Europe over the Alsatian Crisis, which would soon turn into a full-blown regional war.
But the final trigger would be pulled by the Chinese themselves; late in 1941, the Chinese military had become increasingly concerned over the increasingly strong presence of American and British ships in the western Pacific, including near their protectorate of the Phillipines; China's top air force general, Li Yuanren, warned the Emperor that he believed that the Americans and their allies were planning an imminent attack on Chinese assets there, and elsewhere in that area, and submitted a plan drawn up by some of his colleagues detailing a pre-emptive strike to deal with the problem: the Emperor reluctantly agreed, believing the country to be in great danger.
On the morning of December 7th, several dozen Chinese warplanes would fly over Naha, Okinawa, and Iturup in the Kuril Islands, home to two of Japan's largest forward military bases, and launched a surprise attack; 4,000 Japanese soldiers were killed. When word got out of the attacks, both America and the British Commonwealth declared war on China on behalf of their erstwhile allies; on January 17th, 1942, both Germany and Turkey would declare war on the United States and Britain; in response, the leftist governments of Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and Belgium, as well as Holland, Norway and Sweden(Finland was greatly sympathetic to the British but didn't want to suffer like they did in the last war) would soon form an alliance with the British and the Americans, creating the Allied Powers.....the Second Great War had begun.
The first year and a half went well for the Chinese, as they were able to inflict a fair amount of damage to both Japan and their British allies, and managed to cause a good bit of trouble for the Russians in their Central Asian provinces. However, though, their poorly planned attempt to retake Hawa'ii in April 1944, and the equally failed invasion of the Aleutians in the U.S. territory of Alaska, just a couple of months later, would prove to be a turning point in favor of the Allies.
By the end of the spring of 1945, the Chinese would find themselves not only losing all of Siberia, but even Outer Mongolia and parts of Xinjiang and northern Manchuria as well; the losses would only worsen with time, as had happened with their European allies as well. And when the British and Dutch began an invasion of the mainland in November, the resolve of all but the most hardened nationalists began to crack. On April 9, 1946, the Chinese government offered a cease fire, which was accepted; however, though, one faction of the regime led by General Wong Lee, broke away from the rest, and continued to harass the Allies.
And even with much of their territory lost, both Germany and Austria-Hungary continued fighting, as did the Turks; all three of them would learn, however, that this was a tragically foolish endeavour, especially given the actions of Germany in particular. On the afternoon of September 7th, 1946, American bombers would fly one last mission-to use the atom bomb for the first time in it's history; the cities of Kassel and Magdeburg in Germany, as well as Klausenburg in Hungary, and Bursa in Turkey were all devastated. Horrified, and fearing that the same would happen to China, General Lee surrendered to the Allies just two days later, finally ending the last phase of the war.
Emperor Ligong cooperated with the Allies much more than expected, and signed a peace treaty with the United States and Britain in particular, as well as a cease-fire with the newly empowered Soviet Union, in the hopes that his country could being rebuilding soon.
Although on the losing side, unlike the three leaders of the Axis Powers(Germany's Klausen, Austria's Ferdinand, and Turkey's Abdulhamid; China was not officially part of the Axis itself, although were allied with them to an extent.), Ligong's image would eventually be fully rehabilitated, and seen as a leader whom, although made some tragic mistakes, genuinely cared about the welfare of the people of his nation.
Tired out from the war, Ligong rarely ruled after the war, except to preside over the restoration of the constitution, preferring to spend most of his time in the Forbidden City. He died on 20 September 1949, and, as both of his only sons had died during the war, his daughter, Princess Yehanara, a bright young woman who had taken a great interest in her ancestral Manchu culture, would take over, as mostly a figurehead, but still loved by the people at large, and seen as a symbol for what they believed would be a much brighter future for China.....
[4] Empress Yehanara was the first Empress regnant of China since Wu Zeitan, over a millennium ago. Her reign was, all things considered, a success. She presided over the single most destructive conflict in human history: World War Three. The war began in 1953 when the Georgian Laverentiy Pavlovich Beria came to power in the Soviet Union. Beria immediately sent an ultimatum to the now Western Allied German Empire to stop its nuclear program immediately. Germany refused with the support of the rest of the Allies, including China, and World War Three began. For China, the war began when the Red Army attacked into the provinces of Manchuria and Mongolia. They were joined by a surprise Imperial Japanese attack out of Korea, whos leaders had delusions of grandeur. By 1954, Chinese forces had been pushed back to Beijing. It was the Qing's darkest hour, but Yehanara provided inspiration to China's soldiers by refusing to flee the capitol. This, combined with massive mobilized Chinese reserves, as well as a lack of coordination between Soviet and IJA forces, caused Beijing to be saved. For the rest of 1954, China was slowly liberated, and Korea and Vladivostok were taken at the beginning of 1955. By this point, Soviet soldiers were on the retreat in Europe as well, having been dealt disastrous defeats by the Allied armies in Germany. In 1955, the various ethnicities of the Soviet Union rose up, refusing to take part in a war they knew was lost. This led to a coup of the Soviet leadership by Marshal Georgy Zhukov, who killed Beria and surrendered unconditionally to the Allies. Chinese soldiers, meanwhile, invaded Japan itself in 1956, with the nation surrendering later that same year. World War Three had seen China reestablish itself as a superpower. The rest of Yehanara's reign saw China engage in a series of proxy wars with the West, such as the Indian and Indonesian wars for independence. Yehanara died in 1983 and was mourned by many, leaving the throne to her _____, ______.
Emperors of China:
1861-1899: Liyuan (Qing Dynasty) [1]
1899-1920: Ganzhaoning (Qing Dynasty) [2]
1920-1949: Ligong (Qing Dynasty) [3]
1949-1983: Yehanara (Qing Dyanasty) [4]
[1] Born as Prince Gong, the Liyuan Emperor came to the throne of a humiliated China in 1861, a China who the Emperor knew needed to modernize. Liyuan launched a massive modernization program, modernizing the military and establishing the first railroads in 1865. By 1870, China's modernization was complete. The Chinese army now fought with western technology and had a constitution giving the people a voice. Liyuan would go about establishing relations with other powers, bringing Hawaii into the Chinese sphere. In 1893, the Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown, and a risk arose that Hawaii would become annexed by the United States. China went to war with America, and won, restoring the monarchy and firmly establishing Hawaii as a tributary. Liyuan died in 1899, leaving a stable, prosperous China to his eldest son, Prince Zaicheng.
[2] Prince Zaicheng would use the reign title, Ganzhaoning, which means "equal of West" which Zaicheng, hope would represent, how he would carry on his father's plans, while at the same time being his own independent emperor.
In 1912, he allied himself with the growing power of Europe, creating the Alliance of Four Emperors, with Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany, Sultan Mehmed V of Ottoman Empire, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary and himself.
When war broke in 1914, between Astria-Hungary and Serbia, with Russia throwing itself into the war at Serbia's corner, China threw itself behind its ally, taking much of Eastern Russia within the first year.
With much of Russia, being conquered in the East, Tsar Nicholas II was unable to fight on the Western front, leaving Imperial Germany, to march straight onto France.
The Great War, lasted only two and a half years, and ended on March 24th 1917, seeing Russia fall from it's once high peddistal to become a mere shadow of a nation. The balkens were split between Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
While German was able to show it's true might.
The real winner was China, who under Ganzhaoning, became the largest nation on Earth.
Ganzhaoning Emperor would see nearly three years of recovery, beforing dying of a heart attack in 1920.
[3] Ganzhaoning's son, Prince Zhuang, would take the regnal name of Ligong, to honor his grandfather, Prince Gong. Although China enjoyed much in the way of prosperity(at least for the middle and upper classes) during his first decade, trouble began to stir on the horizon back out west: Britain, troubled by the loss of several of it's colonies, began to undergo a recession in 1921-nobody thought much of it outside Britain, and then a stock panic occurred in London late in 1928. Unfortunately, despite the British government's best efforts, the economy crashed in September 1929.....affecting the Americas by the end of March 1930, and the rest of the world not long after; China was hit particularly hard after the German and Austrian economies bottomed out, and many of the country's financial institutions were forced to go into bankruptcy. Furthermore, Russian nationalists, some Communist but with many revanchists in general, with or without socialist leanings, were starting to cause a huge amount of trouble in Siberia.
The "Bloody September" events of 1930 would prove to be only the beginning of China's troubles; by 1933, with unemployment nearing 30% overall, unrest was becoming a notable problem, especially in the rural areas, that remained largely neglected by the government. One of the most significant events of note happened in September, 1935, after a major Communist-led revolt in Hunan Province was crushed; the instigator, a 41 year old factory foreman by the name of Mao Zedong, was publically executed for his treason against China; unfortunately for the government, Mr. Mao quickly became a martyr for not just the Communists, but for revolutionaries in general. Further complicating matters, the new socialist regime in Russia, now under the wife of the recently deceased Vladimir Lenin, was getting back on their feet, and was not only beginning to aid the rebels in Siberia, but Russian agents were also looking into provoking nationalistic protests in Indochina and the former British Burma and Assam as well.
By 1938, China had fallen back into recession, and the increasingly uneasy Emperor Ligong found himself stuck in between the moderates and the reactionaries within the Chinese government. What made his situation all the more complicated was that both Germany and Austria-Hungary were both now under the control of militaristic governments, and the Ottoman Empire had itself collapsed in 1933, with only Syria remaining under Turkey's control at this point in time. To top all this, the Japanese had recently looking to expand their own sphere of influence.....and were getting a little antsy around their western neighbors. In April 1939, a brief revolt in the protectorate of Hawa'ii resulted in it's being taken over by a joint Anglo-American effort, after they joined forces with the rebels.
And after an assassination attempt on the Emperor's life in November of 1940. which killed much of the civilian government, an emergency regime was cobbled together(and the Constitution of 1879 scrapped); but as this government was weak in the fringe areas, it allowed the Siberians and the Indochinese to officially break away from China's control over the next year or so. By this time, conflict had begun in Europe over the Alsatian Crisis, which would soon turn into a full-blown regional war.
But the final trigger would be pulled by the Chinese themselves; late in 1941, the Chinese military had become increasingly concerned over the increasingly strong presence of American and British ships in the western Pacific, including near their protectorate of the Phillipines; China's top air force general, Li Yuanren, warned the Emperor that he believed that the Americans and their allies were planning an imminent attack on Chinese assets there, and elsewhere in that area, and submitted a plan drawn up by some of his colleagues detailing a pre-emptive strike to deal with the problem: the Emperor reluctantly agreed, believing the country to be in great danger.
On the morning of December 7th, several dozen Chinese warplanes would fly over Naha, Okinawa, and Iturup in the Kuril Islands, home to two of Japan's largest forward military bases, and launched a surprise attack; 4,000 Japanese soldiers were killed. When word got out of the attacks, both America and the British Commonwealth declared war on China on behalf of their erstwhile allies; on January 17th, 1942, both Germany and Turkey would declare war on the United States and Britain; in response, the leftist governments of Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and Belgium, as well as Holland, Norway and Sweden(Finland was greatly sympathetic to the British but didn't want to suffer like they did in the last war) would soon form an alliance with the British and the Americans, creating the Allied Powers.....the Second Great War had begun.
The first year and a half went well for the Chinese, as they were able to inflict a fair amount of damage to both Japan and their British allies, and managed to cause a good bit of trouble for the Russians in their Central Asian provinces. However, though, their poorly planned attempt to retake Hawa'ii in April 1944, and the equally failed invasion of the Aleutians in the U.S. territory of Alaska, just a couple of months later, would prove to be a turning point in favor of the Allies.
By the end of the spring of 1945, the Chinese would find themselves not only losing all of Siberia, but even Outer Mongolia and parts of Xinjiang and northern Manchuria as well; the losses would only worsen with time, as had happened with their European allies as well. And when the British and Dutch began an invasion of the mainland in November, the resolve of all but the most hardened nationalists began to crack. On April 9, 1946, the Chinese government offered a cease fire, which was accepted; however, though, one faction of the regime led by General Wong Lee, broke away from the rest, and continued to harass the Allies.
And even with much of their territory lost, both Germany and Austria-Hungary continued fighting, as did the Turks; all three of them would learn, however, that this was a tragically foolish endeavour, especially given the actions of Germany in particular. On the afternoon of September 7th, 1946, American bombers would fly one last mission-to use the atom bomb for the first time in it's history; the cities of Kassel and Magdeburg in Germany, as well as Klausenburg in Hungary, and Bursa in Turkey were all devastated. Horrified, and fearing that the same would happen to China, General Lee surrendered to the Allies just two days later, finally ending the last phase of the war.
Emperor Ligong cooperated with the Allies much more than expected, and signed a peace treaty with the United States and Britain in particular, as well as a cease-fire with the newly empowered Soviet Union, in the hopes that his country could being rebuilding soon.
Although on the losing side, unlike the three leaders of the Axis Powers(Germany's Klausen, Austria's Ferdinand, and Turkey's Abdulhamid; China was not officially part of the Axis itself, although were allied with them to an extent.), Ligong's image would eventually be fully rehabilitated, and seen as a leader whom, although made some tragic mistakes, genuinely cared about the welfare of the people of his nation.
Tired out from the war, Ligong rarely ruled after the war, except to preside over the restoration of the constitution, preferring to spend most of his time in the Forbidden City. He died on 20 September 1949, and, as both of his only sons had died during the war, his daughter, Princess Yehanara, a bright young woman who had taken a great interest in her ancestral Manchu culture, would take over, as mostly a figurehead, but still loved by the people at large, and seen as a symbol for what they believed would be a much brighter future for China.....
[4] Empress Yehanara was the first Empress regnant of China since Wu Zeitan, over a millennium ago. Her reign was, all things considered, a success. She presided over the single most destructive conflict in human history: World War Three. The war began in 1953 when the Georgian Laverentiy Pavlovich Beria came to power in the Soviet Union. Beria immediately sent an ultimatum to the now Western Allied German Empire to stop its nuclear program immediately. Germany refused with the support of the rest of the Allies, including China, and World War Three began. For China, the war began when the Red Army attacked into the provinces of Manchuria and Mongolia. They were joined by a surprise Imperial Japanese attack out of Korea, whos leaders had delusions of grandeur. By 1954, Chinese forces had been pushed back to Beijing. It was the Qing's darkest hour, but Yehanara provided inspiration to China's soldiers by refusing to flee the capitol. This, combined with massive mobilized Chinese reserves, as well as a lack of coordination between Soviet and IJA forces, caused Beijing to be saved. For the rest of 1954, China was slowly liberated, and Korea and Vladivostok were taken at the beginning of 1955. By this point, Soviet soldiers were on the retreat in Europe as well, having been dealt disastrous defeats by the Allied armies in Germany. In 1955, the various ethnicities of the Soviet Union rose up, refusing to take part in a war they knew was lost. This led to a coup of the Soviet leadership by Marshal Georgy Zhukov, who killed Beria and surrendered unconditionally to the Allies. Chinese soldiers, meanwhile, invaded Japan itself in 1956, with the nation surrendering later that same year. World War Three had seen China reestablish itself as a superpower. The rest of Yehanara's reign saw China engage in a series of proxy wars with the West, such as the Indian and Indonesian wars for independence. Yehanara died in 1983 and was mourned by many, leaving the throne to her _____, ______.
POD: All of Qing China's heirs up to Prince Gong are killed in the Second Opium War, so he takes the throne of China
Emperors of China:
1861-1899: Liyuan (Qing Dynasty) [1]
1899-1920: Ganzhaoning (Qing Dynasty) [2]
1920-1949: Ligong (Qing Dynasty) [3]
1949-1983: Yehanara (Qing Dynasty) [4]
1983-1988: Lixiang (Qing Dynasty) [5]
[1] Born as Prince Gong, the Liyuan Emperor came to the throne of a humiliated China in 1861, a China who the Emperor knew needed to modernize. Liyuan launched a massive modernization program, modernizing the military and establishing the first railroads in 1865. By 1870, China's modernization was complete. The Chinese army now fought with western technology and had a constitution giving the people a voice. Liyuan would go about establishing relations with other powers, bringing Hawaii into the Chinese sphere. In 1893, the Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown, and a risk arose that Hawaii would become annexed by the United States. China went to war with America, and won, restoring the monarchy and firmly establishing Hawaii as a tributary. Liyuan died in 1899, leaving a stable, prosperous China to his eldest son, Prince Zaicheng.
[2] Prince Zaicheng would use the reign title, Ganzhaoning, which means "equal of West" which Zaicheng, hope would represent, how he would carry on his father's plans, while at the same time being his own independent emperor.
In 1912, he allied himself with the growing power of Europe, creating the Alliance of Four Emperors, with Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany, Sultan Mehmed V of Ottoman Empire, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary and himself.
When war broke in 1914, between Astria-Hungary and Serbia, with Russia throwing itself into the war at Serbia's corner, China threw itself behind its ally, taking much of Eastern Russia within the first year.
With much of Russia, being conquered in the East, Tsar Nicholas II was unable to fight on the Western front, leaving Imperial Germany, to march straight onto France.
The Great War, lasted only two and a half years, and ended on March 24th 1917, seeing Russia fall from it's once high peddistal to become a mere shadow of a nation. The balkens were split between Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
While German was able to show it's true might.
The real winner was China, who under Ganzhaoning, became the largest nation on Earth.
Ganzhaoning Emperor would see nearly three years of recovery, beforing dying of a heart attack in 1920.
[3] Ganzhaoning's son, Prince Zhuang, would take the regnal name of Ligong, to honor his grandfather, Prince Gong. Although China enjoyed much in the way of prosperity(at least for the middle and upper classes) during his first decade, trouble began to stir on the horizon back out west: Britain, troubled by the loss of several of it's colonies, began to undergo a recession in 1921-nobody thought much of it outside Britain, and then a stock panic occurred in London late in 1928. Unfortunately, despite the British government's best efforts, the economy crashed in September 1929.....affecting the Americas by the end of March 1930, and the rest of the world not long after; China was hit particularly hard after the German and Austrian economies bottomed out, and many of the country's financial institutions were forced to go into bankruptcy. Furthermore, Russian nationalists, some Communist but with many revanchists in general, with or without socialist leanings, were starting to cause a huge amount of trouble in Siberia.
The "Bloody September" events of 1930 would prove to be only the beginning of China's troubles; by 1933, with unemployment nearing 30% overall, unrest was becoming a notable problem, especially in the rural areas, that remained largely neglected by the government. One of the most significant events of note happened in September, 1935, after a major Communist-led revolt in Hunan Province was crushed; the instigator, a 41 year old factory foreman by the name of Mao Zedong, was publically executed for his treason against China; unfortunately for the government, Mr. Mao quickly became a martyr for not just the Communists, but for revolutionaries in general. Further complicating matters, the new socialist regime in Russia, now under the wife of the recently deceased Vladimir Lenin, was getting back on their feet, and was not only beginning to aid the rebels in Siberia, but Russian agents were also looking into provoking nationalistic protests in Indochina and the former British Burma and Assam as well.
By 1938, China had fallen back into recession, and the increasingly uneasy Emperor Ligong found himself stuck in between the moderates and the reactionaries within the Chinese government. What made his situation all the more complicated was that both Germany and Austria-Hungary were both now under the control of militaristic governments, and the Ottoman Empire had itself collapsed in 1933, with only Syria remaining under Turkey's control at this point in time. To top all this, the Japanese had recently looking to expand their own sphere of influence.....and were getting a little antsy around their western neighbors. In April 1939, a brief revolt in the protectorate of Hawa'ii resulted in it's being taken over by a joint Anglo-American effort, after they joined forces with the rebels.
And after an assassination attempt on the Emperor's life in November of 1940. which killed much of the civilian government, an emergency regime was cobbled together(and the Constitution of 1879 scrapped); but as this government was weak in the fringe areas, it allowed the Siberians and the Indochinese to officially break away from China's control over the next year or so. By this time, conflict had begun in Europe over the Alsatian Crisis, which would soon turn into a full-blown regional war.
But the final trigger would be pulled by the Chinese themselves; late in 1941, the Chinese military had become increasingly concerned over the increasingly strong presence of American and British ships in the western Pacific, including near their protectorate of the Phillipines; China's top air force general, Li Yuanren, warned the Emperor that he believed that the Americans and their allies were planning an imminent attack on Chinese assets there, and elsewhere in that area, and submitted a plan drawn up by some of his colleagues detailing a pre-emptive strike to deal with the problem: the Emperor reluctantly agreed, believing the country to be in great danger.
On the morning of December 7th, several dozen Chinese warplanes would fly over Naha, Okinawa, and Iturup in the Kuril Islands, home to two of Japan's largest forward military bases, and launched a surprise attack; 4,000 Japanese soldiers were killed. When word got out of the attacks, both America and the British Commonwealth declared war on China on behalf of their erstwhile allies; on January 17th, 1942, both Germany and Turkey would declare war on the United States and Britain; in response, the leftist governments of Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and Belgium, as well as Holland, Norway and Sweden(Finland was greatly sympathetic to the British but didn't want to suffer like they did in the last war) would soon form an alliance with the British and the Americans, creating the Allied Powers.....the Second Great War had begun.
The first year and a half went well for the Chinese, as they were able to inflict a fair amount of damage to both Japan and their British allies, and managed to cause a good bit of trouble for the Russians in their Central Asian provinces. However, though, their poorly planned attempt to retake Hawa'ii in April 1944, and the equally failed invasion of the Aleutians in the U.S. territory of Alaska, just a couple of months later, would prove to be a turning point in favor of the Allies.
By the end of the spring of 1945, the Chinese would find themselves not only losing all of Siberia, but even Outer Mongolia and parts of Xinjiang and northern Manchuria as well; the losses would only worsen with time, as had happened with their European allies as well. And when the British and Dutch began an invasion of the mainland in November, the resolve of all but the most hardened nationalists began to crack. On April 9, 1946, the Chinese government offered a cease fire, which was accepted; however, though, one faction of the regime led by General Wong Lee, broke away from the rest, and continued to harass the Allies.
And even with much of their territory lost, both Germany and Austria-Hungary continued fighting, as did the Turks; all three of them would learn, however, that this was a tragically foolish endeavour, especially given the actions of Germany in particular. On the afternoon of September 7th, 1946, American bombers would fly one last mission-to use the atom bomb for the first time in it's history; the cities of Kassel and Magdeburg in Germany, as well as Klausenburg in Hungary, and Bursa in Turkey were all devastated. Horrified, and fearing that the same would happen to China, General Lee surrendered to the Allies just two days later, finally ending the last phase of the war.
Emperor Ligong cooperated with the Allies much more than expected, and signed a peace treaty with the United States and Britain in particular, as well as a cease-fire with the newly empowered Soviet Union, in the hopes that his country could being rebuilding soon.
Although on the losing side, unlike the three leaders of the Axis Powers(Germany's Klausen, Austria's Ferdinand, and Turkey's Abdulhamid; China was not officially part of the Axis itself, although were allied with them to an extent.), Ligong's image would eventually be fully rehabilitated, and seen as a leader whom, although made some tragic mistakes, genuinely cared about the welfare of the people of his nation.
Tired out from the war, Ligong rarely ruled after the war, except to preside over the restoration of the constitution, preferring to spend most of his time in the Forbidden City. He died on 20 September 1949, and, as both of his only sons had died during the war, his daughter, Princess Yehanara, a bright young woman who had taken a great interest in her ancestral Manchu culture, would take over, as mostly a figurehead, but still loved by the people at large, and seen as a symbol for what they believed would be a much brighter future for China.....
[4] Empress Yehanara was the first Empress regnant of China since Wu Zeitan, over a millennium ago. Her reign was, all things considered, a success. She presided over the single most destructive conflict in human history: World War Three. The war began in 1953 when the Georgian Laverentiy Pavlovich Beria came to power in the Soviet Union. Beria immediately sent an ultimatum to the now Western Allied German Empire to stop its nuclear program immediately. Germany refused with the support of the rest of the Allies, including China, and World War Three began. For China, the war began when the Red Army attacked into the provinces of Manchuria and Mongolia. They were joined by a surprise Imperial Japanese attack out of Korea, whos leaders had delusions of grandeur. By 1954, Chinese forces had been pushed back to Beijing. It was the Qing's darkest hour, but Yehanara provided inspiration to China's soldiers by refusing to flee the capitol. This, combined with massive mobilized Chinese reserves, as well as a lack of coordination between Soviet and IJA forces, caused Beijing to be saved. For the rest of 1954, China was slowly liberated, and Korea and Vladivostok were taken at the beginning of 1955. By this point, Soviet soldiers were on the retreat in Europe as well, having been dealt disastrous defeats by the Allied armies in Germany. In 1955, the various ethnicities of the Soviet Union rose up, refusing to take part in a war they knew was lost. This led to a coup of the Soviet leadership by Marshal Georgy Zhukov, who killed Beria and surrendered unconditionally to the Allies. Chinese soldiers, meanwhile, invaded Japan itself in 1956, with the nation surrendering later that same year. World War Three had seen China reestablish itself as a superpower. The rest of Yehanara's reign saw China engage in a series of proxy wars with the West, such as the Indian and Indonesian wars for independence. Yehanara died in 1983 and was mourned by many, leaving the throne to her husband, Lixiang.
[5] Lixiang was born a commoner but was raised to Qing dynasty when she married the Empress Yehanara. Throughout the reign of his wife advised, never having an official role. When the death of his wife, supported by his sons, took the imperial throne. After less than a year of his reign held a coup to restore the absolute power to the emperor. The new emperor continued to have the support of the people, because the memories of his late wife.
In 1985 he ordered the construction of thousands of statues representing himself and destroyed all the statues of former emperors to Yenahara that existed in China. Lixiang started to become paranoid with threats to arrest and sent all their children with Yehanara. In 1986 a military coup to replace Lixiang by one of his sons went wrong and hundreds of the high command of the army officers were executed, all prisoners sons of the emperor were blinded.
In 1987 began a reign of terror by sending to arrest and execute any threat, real or imagined, to his government. The international community has declared economic sanctions against China and sent ultimatums to the Emperor. In 1988 Lixiang declares war on Bhutan and Nepal. In response the United States declare war on China. In a few weeks large parts of Nepal and Bhutan had already fallen to the Chinese army. In October 1988 the two countries surrender totally to China. A major event to celebrate the victories and the exit of troops embark to fight the United States in the Pacific was made in Beijing. During the event an uprising of the people, now tired of ditatorias measures Emperor Lixiang, began. The Emperor was forced to take shelter in the Forbidden City. The army joined the people and only a small part of it remained loyal to the government. During four days Beijing has remained in chaos. On the 5th day of the revolt the people and the army entered the Forbidden City in search of the Emperor. The fight in the gardens lasted hours, but in the end the leias forces surrendered. The mob adentou in the Forbidden City and murdered the Emperor Lixiang. The sons of the Emperor with the Empress Yehanara were saved his arrest. Unable to contain the people against the murdered emperor, the Forbidden City just destroyed and burned.
Emperors of China:
1861-1899: Liyuan (Qing Dynasty) [1]
1899-1920: Ganzhaoning (Qing Dynasty) [2]
1920-1949: Ligong (Qing Dynasty) [3]
1949-1983: Yehanara (Qing Dynasty) [4]
1983-1988: Lixiang (Qing Dynasty) [5]
[1] Born as Prince Gong, the Liyuan Emperor came to the throne of a humiliated China in 1861, a China who the Emperor knew needed to modernize. Liyuan launched a massive modernization program, modernizing the military and establishing the first railroads in 1865. By 1870, China's modernization was complete. The Chinese army now fought with western technology and had a constitution giving the people a voice. Liyuan would go about establishing relations with other powers, bringing Hawaii into the Chinese sphere. In 1893, the Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown, and a risk arose that Hawaii would become annexed by the United States. China went to war with America, and won, restoring the monarchy and firmly establishing Hawaii as a tributary. Liyuan died in 1899, leaving a stable, prosperous China to his eldest son, Prince Zaicheng.
[2] Prince Zaicheng would use the reign title, Ganzhaoning, which means "equal of West" which Zaicheng, hope would represent, how he would carry on his father's plans, while at the same time being his own independent emperor.
In 1912, he allied himself with the growing power of Europe, creating the Alliance of Four Emperors, with Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany, Sultan Mehmed V of Ottoman Empire, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary and himself.
When war broke in 1914, between Astria-Hungary and Serbia, with Russia throwing itself into the war at Serbia's corner, China threw itself behind its ally, taking much of Eastern Russia within the first year.
With much of Russia, being conquered in the East, Tsar Nicholas II was unable to fight on the Western front, leaving Imperial Germany, to march straight onto France.
The Great War, lasted only two and a half years, and ended on March 24th 1917, seeing Russia fall from it's once high peddistal to become a mere shadow of a nation. The balkens were split between Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
While German was able to show it's true might.
The real winner was China, who under Ganzhaoning, became the largest nation on Earth.
Ganzhaoning Emperor would see nearly three years of recovery, beforing dying of a heart attack in 1920.
[3] Ganzhaoning's son, Prince Zhuang, would take the regnal name of Ligong, to honor his grandfather, Prince Gong. Although China enjoyed much in the way of prosperity(at least for the middle and upper classes) during his first decade, trouble began to stir on the horizon back out west: Britain, troubled by the loss of several of it's colonies, began to undergo a recession in 1921-nobody thought much of it outside Britain, and then a stock panic occurred in London late in 1928. Unfortunately, despite the British government's best efforts, the economy crashed in September 1929.....affecting the Americas by the end of March 1930, and the rest of the world not long after; China was hit particularly hard after the German and Austrian economies bottomed out, and many of the country's financial institutions were forced to go into bankruptcy. Furthermore, Russian nationalists, some Communist but with many revanchists in general, with or without socialist leanings, were starting to cause a huge amount of trouble in Siberia.
The "Bloody September" events of 1930 would prove to be only the beginning of China's troubles; by 1933, with unemployment nearing 30% overall, unrest was becoming a notable problem, especially in the rural areas, that remained largely neglected by the government. One of the most significant events of note happened in September, 1935, after a major Communist-led revolt in Hunan Province was crushed; the instigator, a 41 year old factory foreman by the name of Mao Zedong, was publically executed for his treason against China; unfortunately for the government, Mr. Mao quickly became a martyr for not just the Communists, but for revolutionaries in general. Further complicating matters, the new socialist regime in Russia, now under the wife of the recently deceased Vladimir Lenin, was getting back on their feet, and was not only beginning to aid the rebels in Siberia, but Russian agents were also looking into provoking nationalistic protests in Indochina and the former British Burma and Assam as well.
By 1938, China had fallen back into recession, and the increasingly uneasy Emperor Ligong found himself stuck in between the moderates and the reactionaries within the Chinese government. What made his situation all the more complicated was that both Germany and Austria-Hungary were both now under the control of militaristic governments, and the Ottoman Empire had itself collapsed in 1933, with only Syria remaining under Turkey's control at this point in time. To top all this, the Japanese had recently looking to expand their own sphere of influence.....and were getting a little antsy around their western neighbors. In April 1939, a brief revolt in the protectorate of Hawa'ii resulted in it's being taken over by a joint Anglo-American effort, after they joined forces with the rebels.
And after an assassination attempt on the Emperor's life in November of 1940. which killed much of the civilian government, an emergency regime was cobbled together(and the Constitution of 1879 scrapped); but as this government was weak in the fringe areas, it allowed the Siberians and the Indochinese to officially break away from China's control over the next year or so. By this time, conflict had begun in Europe over the Alsatian Crisis, which would soon turn into a full-blown regional war.
But the final trigger would be pulled by the Chinese themselves; late in 1941, the Chinese military had become increasingly concerned over the increasingly strong presence of American and British ships in the western Pacific, including near their protectorate of the Phillipines; China's top air force general, Li Yuanren, warned the Emperor that he believed that the Americans and their allies were planning an imminent attack on Chinese assets there, and elsewhere in that area, and submitted a plan drawn up by some of his colleagues detailing a pre-emptive strike to deal with the problem: the Emperor reluctantly agreed, believing the country to be in great danger.
On the morning of December 7th, several dozen Chinese warplanes would fly over Naha, Okinawa, and Iturup in the Kuril Islands, home to two of Japan's largest forward military bases, and launched a surprise attack; 4,000 Japanese soldiers were killed. When word got out of the attacks, both America and the British Commonwealth declared war on China on behalf of their erstwhile allies; on January 17th, 1942, both Germany and Turkey would declare war on the United States and Britain; in response, the leftist governments of Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and Belgium, as well as Holland, Norway and Sweden(Finland was greatly sympathetic to the British but didn't want to suffer like they did in the last war) would soon form an alliance with the British and the Americans, creating the Allied Powers.....the Second Great War had begun.
The first year and a half went well for the Chinese, as they were able to inflict a fair amount of damage to both Japan and their British allies, and managed to cause a good bit of trouble for the Russians in their Central Asian provinces. However, though, their poorly planned attempt to retake Hawa'ii in April 1944, and the equally failed invasion of the Aleutians in the U.S. territory of Alaska, just a couple of months later, would prove to be a turning point in favor of the Allies.
By the end of the spring of 1945, the Chinese would find themselves not only losing all of Siberia, but even Outer Mongolia and parts of Xinjiang and northern Manchuria as well; the losses would only worsen with time, as had happened with their European allies as well. And when the British and Dutch began an invasion of the mainland in November, the resolve of all but the most hardened nationalists began to crack. On April 9, 1946, the Chinese government offered a cease fire, which was accepted; however, though, one faction of the regime led by General Wong Lee, broke away from the rest, and continued to harass the Allies.
And even with much of their territory lost, both Germany and Austria-Hungary continued fighting, as did the Turks; all three of them would learn, however, that this was a tragically foolish endeavour, especially given the actions of Germany in particular. On the afternoon of September 7th, 1946, American bombers would fly one last mission-to use the atom bomb for the first time in it's history; the cities of Kassel and Magdeburg in Germany, as well as Klausenburg in Hungary, and Bursa in Turkey were all devastated. Horrified, and fearing that the same would happen to China, General Lee surrendered to the Allies just two days later, finally ending the last phase of the war.
Emperor Ligong cooperated with the Allies much more than expected, and signed a peace treaty with the United States and Britain in particular, as well as a cease-fire with the newly empowered Soviet Union, in the hopes that his country could being rebuilding soon.
Although on the losing side, unlike the three leaders of the Axis Powers(Germany's Klausen, Austria's Ferdinand, and Turkey's Abdulhamid; China was not officially part of the Axis itself, although were allied with them to an extent.), Ligong's image would eventually be fully rehabilitated, and seen as a leader whom, although made some tragic mistakes, genuinely cared about the welfare of the people of his nation.
Tired out from the war, Ligong rarely ruled after the war, except to preside over the restoration of the constitution, preferring to spend most of his time in the Forbidden City. He died on 20 September 1949, and, as both of his only sons had died during the war, his daughter, Princess Yehanara, a bright young woman who had taken a great interest in her ancestral Manchu culture, would take over, as mostly a figurehead, but still loved by the people at large, and seen as a symbol for what they believed would be a much brighter future for China.....
[4] Empress Yehanara was the first Empress regnant of China since Wu Zeitan, over a millennium ago. Her reign was, all things considered, a success. She presided over the single most destructive conflict in human history: World War Three. The war began in 1953 when the Georgian Laverentiy Pavlovich Beria came to power in the Soviet Union. Beria immediately sent an ultimatum to the now Western Allied German Empire to stop its nuclear program immediately. Germany refused with the support of the rest of the Allies, including China, and World War Three began. For China, the war began when the Red Army attacked into the provinces of Manchuria and Mongolia. They were joined by a surprise Imperial Japanese attack out of Korea, whos leaders had delusions of grandeur. By 1954, Chinese forces had been pushed back to Beijing. It was the Qing's darkest hour, but Yehanara provided inspiration to China's soldiers by refusing to flee the capitol. This, combined with massive mobilized Chinese reserves, as well as a lack of coordination between Soviet and IJA forces, caused Beijing to be saved. For the rest of 1954, China was slowly liberated, and Korea and Vladivostok were taken at the beginning of 1955. By this point, Soviet soldiers were on the retreat in Europe as well, having been dealt disastrous defeats by the Allied armies in Germany. In 1955, the various ethnicities of the Soviet Union rose up, refusing to take part in a war they knew was lost. This led to a coup of the Soviet leadership by Marshal Georgy Zhukov, who killed Beria and surrendered unconditionally to the Allies. Chinese soldiers, meanwhile, invaded Japan itself in 1956, with the nation surrendering later that same year. World War Three had seen China reestablish itself as a superpower. The rest of Yehanara's reign saw China engage in a series of proxy wars with the West, such as the Indian and Indonesian wars for independence. Yehanara died in 1983 and was mourned by many, leaving the throne to her husband, Lixiang.
[5] Lixiang was born a commoner but was raised to Qing dynasty when she married the Empress Yehanara. Throughout the reign of his wife advised, never having an official role. When the death of his wife, supported by his sons, took the imperial throne. After less than a year of his reign held a coup to restore the absolute power to the emperor. The new emperor continued to have the support of the people, because the memories of his late wife.
In 1985 he ordered the construction of thousands of statues representing himself and destroyed all the statues of former emperors to Yenahara that existed in China. Lixiang started to become paranoid with threats to arrest and sent all their children with Yehanara. In 1986 a military coup to replace Lixiang by one of his sons went wrong and hundreds of the high command of the army officers were executed, all prisoners sons of the emperor were blinded.
In 1987 began a reign of terror by sending to arrest and execute any threat, real or imagined, to his government. The international community has declared economic sanctions against China and sent ultimatums to the Emperor. In 1988 Lixiang declares war on Bhutan and Nepal. In response the United States declare war on China. In a few weeks large parts of Nepal and Bhutan had already fallen to the Chinese army. In October 1988 the two countries surrender totally to China. A major event to celebrate the victories and the exit of troops embark to fight the United States in the Pacific was made in Beijing. During the event an uprising of the people, now tired of ditatorias measures Emperor Lixiang, began. The Emperor was forced to take shelter in the Forbidden City. The army joined the people and only a small part of it remained loyal to the government. During four days Beijing has remained in chaos. On the 5th day of the revolt the people and the army entered the Forbidden City in search of the Emperor. The fight in the gardens lasted hours, but in the end the leias forces surrendered. The mob adentou in the Forbidden City and murdered the Emperor Lixiang. The sons of the Emperor with the Empress Yehanara were saved his arrest. Unable to contain the people against the murdered emperor, the Forbidden City just destroyed and burned.
Monarchs of Prussia
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his ____ ______ as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his ____ ______ as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
Monarchs of Prussia
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his ______, ______.
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his ______, ______.
Monarchs of Prussia
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853- 1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his ____ _____ as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853- 1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his ____ _____ as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
Monarchs of Prussia
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
Monarchs of Prussia
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
1910-1942: Albert II (Hohenzollern) [9]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
[9] Grandson of Frederick William II and son of Prince William of Prussia, Albert was 29 years old when he took the throne, after his father died in 1901.
Albert was a meek and kind king, compared to his grandfather, and would bring about the rise of the coalition of monarchy and parliamentary in Prussia, with his personal support for the Germanic Liberals and Social Libertarians over the old conservative and nationalist parties, who thrusted aging war-hero into positions that did not need any influence from military, personnel.
His foreign policy was one of internationalism, and supporting the idea of a single market through a standardised system of laws that applies across Europe.
He had been married to Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the youngest child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and younger sister of Tsar Nicholas II, which brought close ties between the two nations since 1900, having 7 children of his own.
The only military action, Albert declared was for the support of foreign heads of states, during their time of violent revolts, with Russia in 1917 and Great Britain in 1936.
He died aged, 57, from a heart attack, during diplomatic dinner at the White House with Democrat President, Arthur H. Vandenberg, the first Prussian monarch to die on foreign land without seeing battle.
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
1910-1942: Albert II (Hohenzollern) [9]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
[9] Grandson of Frederick William II and son of Prince William of Prussia, Albert was 29 years old when he took the throne, after his father died in 1901.
Albert was a meek and kind king, compared to his grandfather, and would bring about the rise of the coalition of monarchy and parliamentary in Prussia, with his personal support for the Germanic Liberals and Social Libertarians over the old conservative and nationalist parties, who thrusted aging war-hero into positions that did not need any influence from military, personnel.
His foreign policy was one of internationalism, and supporting the idea of a single market through a standardised system of laws that applies across Europe.
He had been married to Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the youngest child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and younger sister of Tsar Nicholas II, which brought close ties between the two nations since 1900, having 7 children of his own.
The only military action, Albert declared was for the support of foreign heads of states, during their time of violent revolts, with Russia in 1917 and Great Britain in 1936.
He died aged, 57, from a heart attack, during diplomatic dinner at the White House with Democrat President, Arthur H. Vandenberg, the first Prussian monarch to die on foreign land without seeing battle.
Monarchs of Prussia
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
1910-1942: Albert II (Hohenzollern) [9]
1942-1989: Sigismund III (Hohenzollern) [10]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
[9] Grandson of Frederick William II and son of Prince William of Prussia, Albert was 29 years old when he took the throne, after his father died in 1901.
Albert was a meek and kind king, compared to his grandfather, and would bring about the rise of the coalition of monarchy and parliamentary in Prussia, with his personal support for the Germanic Liberals and Social Libertarians over the old conservative and nationalist parties, who thrusted aging war-hero into positions that did not need any influence from military, personnel.
His foreign policy was one of internationalism, and supporting the idea of a single market through a standardised system of laws that applies across Europe.
He had been married to Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the youngest child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and younger sister of Tsar Nicholas II, which brought close ties between the two nations since 1900, having 7 children of his own.
The only military action, Albert declared was for the support of foreign heads of states, during their time of violent revolts, with Russia in 1917 and Great Britain in 1936.
He died aged, 57, from a heart attack, during diplomatic dinner at the White House with Democrat President, Arthur H. Vandenberg, the first Prussian monarch to die on foreign land without seeing battle.
[10] Sigismund III, grandson of the previous King was a great deal different than his grandfather as he abolished after democratic and parliamentary groups to rule directly by himself. In this he was a vicious tyrant and as a result spent much of his forty seven year reign putting down rebellions. The last rebellion came in 1988 and was viciously settled by the forces of the King and a massacre of the rebels followed. Less than a year later, Sigismund III died in bed, after his throat was slit by an assassin
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
1910-1942: Albert II (Hohenzollern) [9]
1942-1989: Sigismund III (Hohenzollern) [10]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
[9] Grandson of Frederick William II and son of Prince William of Prussia, Albert was 29 years old when he took the throne, after his father died in 1901.
Albert was a meek and kind king, compared to his grandfather, and would bring about the rise of the coalition of monarchy and parliamentary in Prussia, with his personal support for the Germanic Liberals and Social Libertarians over the old conservative and nationalist parties, who thrusted aging war-hero into positions that did not need any influence from military, personnel.
His foreign policy was one of internationalism, and supporting the idea of a single market through a standardised system of laws that applies across Europe.
He had been married to Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the youngest child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and younger sister of Tsar Nicholas II, which brought close ties between the two nations since 1900, having 7 children of his own.
The only military action, Albert declared was for the support of foreign heads of states, during their time of violent revolts, with Russia in 1917 and Great Britain in 1936.
He died aged, 57, from a heart attack, during diplomatic dinner at the White House with Democrat President, Arthur H. Vandenberg, the first Prussian monarch to die on foreign land without seeing battle.
[10] Sigismund III, grandson of the previous King was a great deal different than his grandfather as he abolished after democratic and parliamentary groups to rule directly by himself. In this he was a vicious tyrant and as a result spent much of his forty seven year reign putting down rebellions. The last rebellion came in 1988 and was viciously settled by the forces of the King and a massacre of the rebels followed. Less than a year later, Sigismund III died in bed, after his throat was slit by an assassin
Monarchs of Prussia
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
1910-1942: Albert II (Hohenzollern) [9]
1942-1989: Sigismund III (Hohenzollern) [10]
1989-0000: Frederick V (Hohenzollern) [11]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
[9] Grandson of Frederick William II and son of Prince William of Prussia, Albert was 29 years old when he took the throne, after his father died in 1901.
Albert was a meek and kind king, compared to his grandfather, and would bring about the rise of the coalition of monarchy and parliamentary in Prussia, with his personal support for the Germanic Liberals and Social Libertarians over the old conservative and nationalist parties, who thrusted aging war-hero into positions that did not need any influence from military, personnel.
His foreign policy was one of internationalism, and supporting the idea of a single market through a standardised system of laws that applies across Europe.
He had been married to Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the youngest child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and younger sister of Tsar Nicholas II, which brought close ties between the two nations since 1900, having 7 children of his own.
The only military action, Albert declared was for the support of foreign heads of states, during their time of violent revolts, with Russia in 1917 and Great Britain in 1936.
He died aged, 57, from a heart attack, during diplomatic dinner at the White House with Democrat President, Arthur H. Vandenberg, the first Prussian monarch to die on foreign land without seeing battle.
[10] Sigismund III, grandson of the previous King was a great deal different than his grandfather as he abolished after democratic and parliamentary groups to rule directly by himself. In this he was a vicious tyrant and as a result spent much of his forty seven year reign putting down rebellions. The last rebellion came in 1988 and was viciously settled by the forces of the King and a massacre of the rebels followed. Less than a year later, Sigismund III died in bed, after his throat was slit by an assassin.
[10] His son Frederick, became King Frederick V, in title only. The rebellion of 1989, saw to it that the King could gain no power, would not even be a ceremonial office, it was simply a family that benefited from little state money to keep them living comfortably. His children were to gain proper jobs to support them after they turned 18.
1730-1780: Frederick II (Hohenzollern) [1]
1780-1792: Fredrick Henry I (Hohenzollern)[2]
1792-1814: Fredrick Henry II (Hohenzollern) [3]
1814-1826: Frederick III (Hohenzollern) [4]
1826 -1830 Sigismund II (Hohenzollern) [5]
1830-1853: Frederick IV (Hohenzollern) [6]
1853-1859: Albert III (Hohenzollern) [7]
1859-1910: Frederick William II (Hohenzollern) [8]
1910-1942: Albert II (Hohenzollern) [9]
1942-1989: Sigismund III (Hohenzollern) [10]
1989-0000: Frederick V (Hohenzollern) [11]
[1]His father Frederick William I was assassinated, and quite messily(shot to the stomach), by Hans Hermann von Katte on November 6, 1730. Frederick II hadn't wanted his father killed by any means, but still felt sympathy for his younger friend-the Holy Roman Emperor, in lieu of execution, had him exiled to England instead. Meanwhile, Frederick sought to avoid his father's many foibles, and in doing so, became one of Prussia's best regarded rulers. When he died, his son, Fredrick Henry, took the throne.
[2] Fredrick Henry ruled for 19 years and focused on military reform. He is regarded as 'the Horse King' due to his literal years in the saddle and numerous wars that erupted around Prussia's borders. Prussia, itself, expanded greatly and Fredrick Henry married very well. He appointed his youngest brother, Fredrick Henry II as heir and died in his sleep unexpectedly.
[3]F.H. the second took office only because F.H. the elder felt that his son was not yet capable of running the country. He led Prussia to victory against the Revolutionary regime of Napoleon Bonaparte in France in 1812. F.H. would die of a stroke two years later, and, as promised to his brother, Frederick III would take the throne, now aged 38.
[4]Frederick III assumed the throne after the death of his uncle. Honoring his father's warrior spirit, Frederick Henry I, Frederick III spent much of his reign in wars to increase the size of Prussia. Mecklenburg and Hanover fell to Frederick III. He was at war with Saxony when he suffered an accident and died when he fell from his horse. It is still remembered by the people as a great king.He was succeeded by his cousin, Sigisimund
[5] Sigismund II is known for the formal annexation of Saxony through marriage. He is regarded as the 'Saxon King' due to the marriage occurring before ascending to the throne of Prussia. Sigismund II ran into a conflict with Hanover and Austria. He died in battle against some Polish revolutionaries that managed to get to the outskirts of Brandenburg. On his deathbed he anointed his son Frederick IV as heir.
[6] Frederick IV originally had his mother, The Duchess Charlotte of Saxony, as regent, for his first two years in office, and would rule for 18 years. He might be best known for the fact that Prussia was the first German state to open an official embassy in the United States, under his direction, in 1842(President Martin Van Buren personally welcomed Frederick to stay at the White House for a couple of dinners). Frederick IV, however, despite being well respected in Europe, did not do so well at home, as many people were growing discontented over his ignoring the peasantry, and the growing middle class; when revolutions began to break out across the European continent in 1847, Prussia was one of the first countries affected. Although the royalists won out in Prussia, Frederick IV was forced to allow significant reforms to the nation's laws, and society. He abdicated in 1853 and allowed his son, Albert to take over, who promptly began talks with the other German states about possibly coming together to form a unified German empire.
[7] Albert III is known as the 'Patient King'. Much of the talks about the German "Empire" did not come about in his time due to disagreements as issued by Austria and Poland. He anointed his son Frederick William as his heir and when the German Empire did come about, he abdicated his throne. Albert III is also regarded as the 'Only Prussian King who talked and not warred'.
[8] Frederick William II inherited the throne at the age of 20 years. Remembered today as William Frederick the Great, during his more than 50-year reign he completed the task of uniting the Germans states and found the German Empire. Many wars took place during his reign. The first against Luxembourg, bringing the small territory for the Empire. After his first success the young Emperor decided to attack France. Five years of war followed, until Frederick William was victorious and expanded their territory to Troyes and Reims. Already achieved great fame, he declared war on Denmark, taking the end of it all the continental part of the country. Also conquered territories of the Austrian Empire, taking Prague and the region of the Czech and Innsbruck. When creating a border with Liechtenstein, the tiny principality offered to join the German Empire, which he accepted. The last fifteen years of his reign were peaceful. Future Frederick William would be called the grandfather of Europe because many of his 11 children and more than 80 grandchildren became crowned heads of Europe, America and Africa. He died at 71 after a long reign of 51 years.
[9] Grandson of Frederick William II and son of Prince William of Prussia, Albert was 29 years old when he took the throne, after his father died in 1901.
Albert was a meek and kind king, compared to his grandfather, and would bring about the rise of the coalition of monarchy and parliamentary in Prussia, with his personal support for the Germanic Liberals and Social Libertarians over the old conservative and nationalist parties, who thrusted aging war-hero into positions that did not need any influence from military, personnel.
His foreign policy was one of internationalism, and supporting the idea of a single market through a standardised system of laws that applies across Europe.
He had been married to Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the youngest child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and younger sister of Tsar Nicholas II, which brought close ties between the two nations since 1900, having 7 children of his own.
The only military action, Albert declared was for the support of foreign heads of states, during their time of violent revolts, with Russia in 1917 and Great Britain in 1936.
He died aged, 57, from a heart attack, during diplomatic dinner at the White House with Democrat President, Arthur H. Vandenberg, the first Prussian monarch to die on foreign land without seeing battle.
[10] Sigismund III, grandson of the previous King was a great deal different than his grandfather as he abolished after democratic and parliamentary groups to rule directly by himself. In this he was a vicious tyrant and as a result spent much of his forty seven year reign putting down rebellions. The last rebellion came in 1988 and was viciously settled by the forces of the King and a massacre of the rebels followed. Less than a year later, Sigismund III died in bed, after his throat was slit by an assassin.
[10] His son Frederick, became King Frederick V, in title only. The rebellion of 1989, saw to it that the King could gain no power, would not even be a ceremonial office, it was simply a family that benefited from little state money to keep them living comfortably. His children were to gain proper jobs to support them after they turned 18.
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover
1820-1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830-1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, _______.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of . While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son _______, Prince of Wales.
1820-1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830-1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, _______.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of . While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son _______, Prince of Wales.
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover
1820 - 1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830 - 1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
1857 - 1871: Leopold II (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [2]
1871 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover & Lord Protector of Flanders
1875 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, Leopold.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of 61. While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son Leopold II, Prince of Wales.
[2] Leopold II, son of Leopold I and Charlotte I ruled for 14 years as a kind and just King in a reign where nothing of note happened. He was succeeded by his 21 year old son George.
[3] George ascended to the throne at the age of 21. Immediately after his ascension, war broke out in Europe as France invaded Belgium. Britain and the Netherlands supported Belgium against France and Britain went to war with France. Prussia soon became involved by invading Alsace-Lorraine. In 1873, French troops managed to force their way into Brussels, and capture the city. The King of Belgium fled to Amsterdam, only to return to lead the Belgian army into battle against the French in 1874. Prussia withdrew from the war after the French conceded Alsace, but not Lorraine. The King of Belgium was killed fighting against the French in the Battle of Brussels. The Belgian-Dutch managed to drive the French out of Flanders, but they maintained control of Wallonia. In 1875, there was a succession crisis in Belgium and George V of Great Britain was named as King of Belgium. The Peace of Rotterdam was signed in 1875 ending the war, with France annexing Wallonia and rump Belgium becoming the Lord Protectorate of Flanders, with King George as Lord Protector. His reign also saw the independence of the Confederate States of America, the collapse of Spain and the Austrian Civil War. He married Charlotte Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen-Weimar and had ten children. The eldest son, ________ inherited the throne upon his death in 1900.
1820 - 1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830 - 1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
1857 - 1871: Leopold II (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [2]
1871 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover & Lord Protector of Flanders
1875 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, Leopold.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of 61. While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son Leopold II, Prince of Wales.
[2] Leopold II, son of Leopold I and Charlotte I ruled for 14 years as a kind and just King in a reign where nothing of note happened. He was succeeded by his 21 year old son George.
[3] George ascended to the throne at the age of 21. Immediately after his ascension, war broke out in Europe as France invaded Belgium. Britain and the Netherlands supported Belgium against France and Britain went to war with France. Prussia soon became involved by invading Alsace-Lorraine. In 1873, French troops managed to force their way into Brussels, and capture the city. The King of Belgium fled to Amsterdam, only to return to lead the Belgian army into battle against the French in 1874. Prussia withdrew from the war after the French conceded Alsace, but not Lorraine. The King of Belgium was killed fighting against the French in the Battle of Brussels. The Belgian-Dutch managed to drive the French out of Flanders, but they maintained control of Wallonia. In 1875, there was a succession crisis in Belgium and George V of Great Britain was named as King of Belgium. The Peace of Rotterdam was signed in 1875 ending the war, with France annexing Wallonia and rump Belgium becoming the Lord Protectorate of Flanders, with King George as Lord Protector. His reign also saw the independence of the Confederate States of America, the collapse of Spain and the Austrian Civil War. He married Charlotte Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen-Weimar and had ten children. The eldest son, ________ inherited the throne upon his death in 1900.
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover
1820 - 1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830 - 1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
1857 - 1871: Leopold II (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [2]
1871 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover & Lord Protector of Flanders
1875 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [3]
1900 - 1925: Leopold III (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [4]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, Leopold.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of 61. While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son Leopold II, Prince of Wales.
[2] Leopold II, son of Leopold I and Charlotte I ruled for 14 years as a kind and just King in a reign where nothing of note happened. He was succeeded by his 21 year old son George.
[3] George ascended to the throne at the age of 21. Immediately after his ascension, war broke out in Europe as France invaded Belgium. Britain and the Netherlands supported Belgium against France and Britain went to war with France. Prussia soon became involved by invading Alsace-Lorraine. In 1873, French troops managed to force their way into Brussels, and capture the city. The King of Belgium fled to Amsterdam, only to return to lead the Belgian army into battle against the French in 1874. Prussia withdrew from the war after the French conceded Alsace, but not Lorraine. The King of Belgium was killed fighting against the French in the Battle of Brussels. The Belgian-Dutch managed to drive the French out of Flanders, but they maintained control of Wallonia. In 1875, there was a succession crisis in Belgium and George V of Great Britain was named as King of Belgium. The Peace of Rotterdam was signed in 1875 ending the war, with France annexing Wallonia and rump Belgium becoming the Lord Protectorate of Flanders, with King George as Lord Protector. His reign also saw the independence of the Confederate States of America, the collapse of Spain and the Austrian Civil War. He married Charlotte Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen-Weimar and had ten children. The eldest son, ________ inherited the throne upon his death in 1900.
[4] Leopold III, son of George V would rule for twenty five years as King. During his reign, war broke out between Prussia and France again and Leopold III attempted to mediate the conflict and was somewhat successful as the war came to an end within the year, however it broke out again six months later as the King of France insulted the King of Prussia during a diplomatic meeting. Leopold attempted to mediate again but was ignored by both Kings as they hurled insult after insult at each other. During this War of Prussia and France (1905-1921), both King would die and the war would be continued by thier sons and would only come to an end with the death of the sons in the final battle of the war in June 1921. Leopold III, having been under the regency of his eldest son _____ since his madness began to show in early 1919, would eventually die from a long illness in 1925. He would be succeeded by the Prince Regent, his eldest son _____
1820 - 1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830 - 1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
1857 - 1871: Leopold II (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [2]
1871 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover & Lord Protector of Flanders
1875 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [3]
1900 - 1925: Leopold III (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [4]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, Leopold.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of 61. While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son Leopold II, Prince of Wales.
[2] Leopold II, son of Leopold I and Charlotte I ruled for 14 years as a kind and just King in a reign where nothing of note happened. He was succeeded by his 21 year old son George.
[3] George ascended to the throne at the age of 21. Immediately after his ascension, war broke out in Europe as France invaded Belgium. Britain and the Netherlands supported Belgium against France and Britain went to war with France. Prussia soon became involved by invading Alsace-Lorraine. In 1873, French troops managed to force their way into Brussels, and capture the city. The King of Belgium fled to Amsterdam, only to return to lead the Belgian army into battle against the French in 1874. Prussia withdrew from the war after the French conceded Alsace, but not Lorraine. The King of Belgium was killed fighting against the French in the Battle of Brussels. The Belgian-Dutch managed to drive the French out of Flanders, but they maintained control of Wallonia. In 1875, there was a succession crisis in Belgium and George V of Great Britain was named as King of Belgium. The Peace of Rotterdam was signed in 1875 ending the war, with France annexing Wallonia and rump Belgium becoming the Lord Protectorate of Flanders, with King George as Lord Protector. His reign also saw the independence of the Confederate States of America, the collapse of Spain and the Austrian Civil War. He married Charlotte Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen-Weimar and had ten children. The eldest son, ________ inherited the throne upon his death in 1900.
[4] Leopold III, son of George V would rule for twenty five years as King. During his reign, war broke out between Prussia and France again and Leopold III attempted to mediate the conflict and was somewhat successful as the war came to an end within the year, however it broke out again six months later as the King of France insulted the King of Prussia during a diplomatic meeting. Leopold attempted to mediate again but was ignored by both Kings as they hurled insult after insult at each other. During this War of Prussia and France (1905-1921), both King would die and the war would be continued by thier sons and would only come to an end with the death of the sons in the final battle of the war in June 1921. Leopold III, having been under the regency of his eldest son _____ since his madness began to show in early 1919, would eventually die from a long illness in 1925. He would be succeeded by the Prince Regent, his eldest son _____
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Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover
1820 - 1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830 - 1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
1857 - 1871: Leopold II (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [2]
1871 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover & Lord Protector of Flanders
1875 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [3]
1900 - 1925: Leopold III (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [4]
1925 - 1955: George VI (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [5]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, Leopold.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of 61. While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son Leopold II, Prince of Wales.
[2] Leopold II, son of Leopold I and Charlotte I ruled for 14 years as a kind and just King in a reign where nothing of note happened. He was succeeded by his 21 year old son George.
[3] George ascended to the throne at the age of 21. Immediately after his ascension, war broke out in Europe as France invaded Belgium. Britain and the Netherlands supported Belgium against France and Britain went to war with France. Prussia soon became involved by invading Alsace-Lorraine. In 1873, French troops managed to force their way into Brussels, and capture the city. The King of Belgium fled to Amsterdam, only to return to lead the Belgian army into battle against the French in 1874. Prussia withdrew from the war after the French conceded Alsace, but not Lorraine. The King of Belgium was killed fighting against the French in the Battle of Brussels. The Belgian-Dutch managed to drive the French out of Flanders, but they maintained control of Wallonia. In 1875, there was a succession crisis in Belgium and George V of Great Britain was named as King of Belgium. The Peace of Rotterdam was signed in 1875 ending the war, with France annexing Wallonia and rump Belgium becoming the Lord Protectorate of Flanders, with King George as Lord Protector. His reign also saw the independence of the Confederate States of America, the collapse of Spain and the Austrian Civil War. He married Charlotte Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen-Weimar and had ten children. The eldest son, Leopold inherited the throne upon his death in 1900.
[4] Leopold III, son of George V would rule for twenty five years as King. During his reign, war broke out between Prussia and France again and Leopold III attempted to mediate the conflict and was somewhat successful as the war came to an end within the year, however it broke out again six months later as the King of France insulted the King of Prussia during a diplomatic meeting. Leopold attempted to mediate again but was ignored by both Kings as they hurled insult after insult at each other. During this War of Prussia and France (1905-1921), both King would die and the war would be continued by thier sons and would only come to an end with the death of the sons in the final battle of the war in June 1921. Leopold III, having been under the regency of his eldest son George since his madness began to show in early 1919, would eventually die from a long illness in 1925. He would be succeeded by the Prince Regent, his eldest son George.
[5] George VI was a mildly popular king who gave India it's independence because of his daughter marrying an Indian nobleman. His greatest achievement was during the Spanish Civil War (1937-1939) for defeating the communists and giving Catalonia independence. He died peacefully in his sleep and was succeeded by his son ______
1820 - 1830: George IV of the United Kingdom (House of Hanover)
1830 - 1857: Charlotte I and Leopold I (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [1]
1857 - 1871: Leopold II (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [2]
1871 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [3]
Monarchs of Great Britain and Hanover & Lord Protector of Flanders
1875 - 1900: George V (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [3]
1900 - 1925: Leopold III (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [4]
1925 - 1955: George VI (House of Hanover-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) [5]
[1] After the death of their first child in 1817, Charlotte and Leopold, decided to wait until a little later before trying again which some historians say made the couple stronger, especially Charlotte, who became gravely ill after the
Charlotte became the first Queen of Great Britain since her first cousin, sixth removed, Anne. Charlotte and Leopold, chose to rule together as co-monarchs and to unite their two houses as not to loose the holdings of the Kingdom of Hanover in Europe, with Leopold travelling to Hanover for six months every year.
On May 11th 1833, the royal couple were blessed with a healthy baby boy, Leopold.
Through their reign, the couple dealt with political turmoil between the Tories and the Whigs in parliament.
They also supported Belgian independence and after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, Charlotte and Leopold supported, his brother, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who was accepted as the new King of the Belgians.
Their joint 27 year reign ended after the death of Queen Charlotte at the age of 61. While her husband, Leopold, who was 67, handed over the throne and crown to their son Leopold II, Prince of Wales.
[2] Leopold II, son of Leopold I and Charlotte I ruled for 14 years as a kind and just King in a reign where nothing of note happened. He was succeeded by his 21 year old son George.
[3] George ascended to the throne at the age of 21. Immediately after his ascension, war broke out in Europe as France invaded Belgium. Britain and the Netherlands supported Belgium against France and Britain went to war with France. Prussia soon became involved by invading Alsace-Lorraine. In 1873, French troops managed to force their way into Brussels, and capture the city. The King of Belgium fled to Amsterdam, only to return to lead the Belgian army into battle against the French in 1874. Prussia withdrew from the war after the French conceded Alsace, but not Lorraine. The King of Belgium was killed fighting against the French in the Battle of Brussels. The Belgian-Dutch managed to drive the French out of Flanders, but they maintained control of Wallonia. In 1875, there was a succession crisis in Belgium and George V of Great Britain was named as King of Belgium. The Peace of Rotterdam was signed in 1875 ending the war, with France annexing Wallonia and rump Belgium becoming the Lord Protectorate of Flanders, with King George as Lord Protector. His reign also saw the independence of the Confederate States of America, the collapse of Spain and the Austrian Civil War. He married Charlotte Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen-Weimar and had ten children. The eldest son, Leopold inherited the throne upon his death in 1900.
[4] Leopold III, son of George V would rule for twenty five years as King. During his reign, war broke out between Prussia and France again and Leopold III attempted to mediate the conflict and was somewhat successful as the war came to an end within the year, however it broke out again six months later as the King of France insulted the King of Prussia during a diplomatic meeting. Leopold attempted to mediate again but was ignored by both Kings as they hurled insult after insult at each other. During this War of Prussia and France (1905-1921), both King would die and the war would be continued by thier sons and would only come to an end with the death of the sons in the final battle of the war in June 1921. Leopold III, having been under the regency of his eldest son George since his madness began to show in early 1919, would eventually die from a long illness in 1925. He would be succeeded by the Prince Regent, his eldest son George.
[5] George VI was a mildly popular king who gave India it's independence because of his daughter marrying an Indian nobleman. His greatest achievement was during the Spanish Civil War (1937-1939) for defeating the communists and giving Catalonia independence. He died peacefully in his sleep and was succeeded by his son ______