Dixieland: The Country of Tomorrow, Everyday (yet another Confederate TL)

Portugal to trade to North Germany in hopes of saving face. In exchange for German Southwest Africa, the Portuguese transferred...Cabinda to North Germany (who was currently occupying Cabinda). The
I thought they already gave Germany this in chapter 45, the scramble for Africa? or did you give it back in a later chapter and I missed it? (Quite possible as I mix up stories some times!)
 
Which CSA President ITTL was Irish again? I genuinely forget. Also, I can agree about the Irish having leeway but not as sure about Southern and Eastern European Catholics. In OTL, it took awhile for Italians, Greeks, and Slavs to be considered white in the USA. While the same could be said about the Jews, I may be wrong but there seems to be more explicit courting/favoring of the Jews compared to southern and Eastern Europeans in the CSA. Or perhaps it’s just more vocal and that’s why that perception came to me.
Patrick Cleburne
 
I thought they already gave Germany this in chapter 45, the scramble for Africa? or did you give it back in a later chapter and I missed it? (Quite possible as I mix up stories some times!)
Oh. Whoops. You are very very right and have a better understanding of my own TL than I do, lol.
I looked him up and apparently he was not Catholic but Anglican.
Oh whoops, well, never mind, guess they haven't then.
I still wonder how desperate the CSA would be for capital. Would they issue visas for people who have investment capital?
I actually doubt it requires a visa to move to the CSA.
 
Chapter 132 - The Night of the Bayonet
The Night of the Bayonet
The Portuguese-German War sparked in early 1905, with the actual German invasion of Portugal proper in late 1905, with the actual American and Brazilian entrance into the war in early 1906. American entrance into the war very much bolstered the fortunes of the Republican Party, which had made enemies throughout America's business community by pushing a bevy of progressive legislation. Most revolutionary among all of them was the Federal Labor Relations Act, which set up a committee of business elites and labor representatives to manage labor disputes in the United States. In exchange for businesses being required to tolerate labor unionization drives, the law also denied such protections to labor unions who went on unauthorized strikes. In many ways, the FLRA was a perfect example of Progressive Republican ideology - being neither outright anti-business or pro-labor, but viewing that the two had to be more "balanced" in order to have a "scientifically managed" economy (which in the early 1900's would mean protecting labor unions, but also reducing their autonomy and independence).

Despite being neither explicitly anti-business or pro-labor, the Beveridge agenda outraged many businesses who staked their the 1906 midterms as their best, last hope to stopping the onslaught of progressive legislation. In theory, this meant support for the National Unionists. However, the establishment of the National Unionist Party was once again under assault by populist challengers, this time largely an agrarian revolt. The Beveridge Administration largely catered to urban workers and elite intellectuals on the East Coast, but had little to show for farmers. However, farmers were skeptical of the bourbon liberalism of the National Unionist elite and generally did not oppose progressive reforms (even as they wanted more rural-focused progressive reforms). Finally, the countryside was generally antiwar, especially farmers who had immigrated from Germany or Scandinavia, and the National Union Party had basically put up no fight against President Beveridge's entrance into the Second World War.

The 1906 midterms was a victory for the Republicans, riding on a still relatively popular war, and a catastrophe for the National Union Party. Pro-business politicians either lost their primaries, or limped into the general election heavily damaged only to be electorally buried by Republican challengers. Although the vast majority of Presidents see significant midterm losses, the Beveridge Administration saw significant gains despite holding both houses of Congress, further throwing fire on their reform plans. Their post-midterm plans saw the quick creation of a national central banking system, as well as a rudimentary social insurance program covering old age and disability which was in theory voluntary, but in practice joined by almost businesses, funded largely on large tariff hikes. Exceptionally high tariffs were placed on agricultural goods, as Republicans quickly realized their agrarian weakness could be partly alleviated by throwing a bone at the countryside.

The biggest challenge for the Beveridge Administration...was that World War II immediately started not going as well as expected. The North Germans quit the war in early 1907, leaving America essentially stuck in the South American war with no European theater. The "victory" of the Brazilians in the Battle of Alfeite meant that the Brazilian Navy could return to South America. Although severely outnumbered by the Americans, the Brazilians at least denied total naval superiority. This dealt a severe blow to the USA-Argentina-Peru-Bolivia alliance. The Argentine-American occupation of coastal Brazil had not meant a surrender of the actual Brazilian government, which simply raided American and Argentinian troops. A certain type of bandit found official support from the Brazilian government. Groups of nomadic bandits in Northern Brazil, the Cangaco, had historically raided the Brazilian state, melting back in the population at opportune times. Given the crisis in Brazil, the government simply issued them what were essentially letters of marque against the Argentine and American governments. The Cangaco quickly became a scourge against American and Argentine forces, especially given how their armies were often restricted to the coast.

Ideally, land supply into Brazil would have been established. But in a clever blow, Paraguayan-Brazilian forces had quickly cut into Misiones plateau in the early days of the war, forcing surprised Argentine garrisons to withdraw. The Paraguayans and Brazilians immediately began constructing woodworks and trenches in the mountainous region, which made attempts by the Americans and Argentines to retake several key river crossings absolutely nightmarish. This essentially interdicted the land border between Argentina and Brazil, forcing the Argentinians and Americans to rely on naval supply to their garrisons in Brazil. It was said that Brazil quickly became the best armed society on Earth simply because of how easy it was to steal American arms, which rolled off of American factory lines (widely considered the best and most productive in the world) and often went straight to Brazil.

American and Argentine war planners figured out a simple way to fix their logistical problems. From the beginning of the grand continental conflict, the government in Uruguay, despite being saved by pro-Brazilian rebels by the Argentine government, had declared itself a noncombatant in the Second World War. As such, they prohibited the transfer of large weapons through Uruguay. The Argentines and Americans simply realized they could tell the government in Uruguay that were required to allow weapons and troops to transport across Uruguay. Much to their surprise, the government said no. While pro-Argentinian, they feared involvement in the war. The local American commander had enough. General Pershing, commander of American forces in Brazil, had earlier received reports of atrocities committed by American troops against suspected Brazilian Cangacos, ordered by Brigadier General Jacob Smith. Unable to actually fire him, he had reassigned away from the guerilla front, focusing on logistics in Argentina. However, he forged a partnership with Argentine military officers, who like Smith, preferred direct and simple solutions to complex problems.

When the Uruguayan government said no to the transport request, Smith's men simply surrounded government buildings in Uruguay, dragged out the relevant politicians, and had them shot in the hundreds. With the Uruguayan government wiped out in one night, Argentine forces simply moved in to "restore order" and "stop the bloodshed." When local Uruguayan soldiers revolted, outnumbered and surrounded, they were immediately put down by Argentine soldiers. Many such soldiers actually defected when the Argentines, funded by the Americans, offered them significantly better-paying commissions in the Argentine Army (where they would be then shipped directly to Brazil). The "Night of the Bayonet" shocked South Americans and even most Americans, as it appeared that in one night, American troops had massacred enough politicians to simply erase a nation from the world map. Although an outraged Pershing quickly recalled Smith, he saw no actual easy way to reverse what he had done and despite his criticisms, did realize this alleviated massive supply problems in Brazil.
 
Can't see this going well for America's reputation in the South at all. When a single officer launches a nationwide coup and purge, people are going to remember that for a long time.
 
Can't see this going well for America's reputation in the South at all. When a single officer launches a nationwide coup and purge, people are going to remember that for a long time.
Pro-American Brazilians be like

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well at least it worked

lots of suffering but I mean the strategic goal was accomplished at least


random question but since I've started to catch up how is Abe Lincoln viewed in the present day?
 
Well that's one way to get small countries to do what you want them to

Seems this America is just as willing and capable of doing nasty shit to "protect its interests" in Latin America as OTL's...
 
Honestly, I think Latin America is going to be the real winner here. Brazil IOTL has the biggest Japanese population today outside of Japan and with the Union being even more restrictive to Asians than OTL and the Confederacy potentially heading in that direction, there isn't much of a reason for Brazil's Japanese population to not be even bigger. Same could also apply with Chinese immigrants. That's not even getting into Latin America receiving the lion's share of Catholic immigrants from southern and eastern Europe instead of the USA, which is largely (not completely though) restricted to northern and western European Protestants and Confederate whites. With a sizeable stream of Confederate whites moving north IOTL, I agree that they largely cannot compete with the Union IOTL in terms of labor and industry.
Having the poor Confederate Whites migrating en masse would definitely dry up other immigrant streams somewhat. Because those Confederates Whites are going to keep moving en masse for several decades more it seems and they are English speaking Protestant Whites that have a history of listening to authority….they are the ideal immigrant for Northern Policy makers.

That immigrant flow going to Latin America means they will have larger population bases to build up their country and economies. Forge closer connections to Europe and Asia. Plus have a wider pool of people to draw ideas from.
 
Having the poor Confederate Whites migrating en masse would definitely dry up other immigrant streams somewhat. Because those Confederates Whites are going to keep moving en masse for several decades more it seems and they are English speaking Protestant Whites that have a history of listening to authority….they are the ideal immigrant for Northern Policy makers.

That immigrant flow going to Latin America means they will have larger population bases to build up their country and economies. Forge closer connections to Europe and Asia. Plus have a wider pool of people to draw ideas from.
Isn’t Confederate whites migrating the result of already largely dried up immigrant streams due to Northern policy? That’s the impression I got. I agree with you on the second paragraph though.
 
Chapter 133 - Andean Abyss
Andean Abyss
As a result of a speech, the two sides in the rapidly expanding South American war gained their own sobriquets. After a Brazilian speech alleging the creation of a Monteveido-Bueno Aires axis against Brazilian interests, the Americans, Argentinians, and Peruvo-Bolivians quickly became known as the Axis Powers. In contrast, the Brazil-Paraguay-Chile alliance simply became known as the Allied Powers, largely because they couldn't figure a better name even as the second year of the conflict started.

Although Chile and Argentina had some of the longest borders of any nation on Earth, the border was largely non-passable, being comprised primarily of the Andes Mountains. The war would be primarily waged in the notorious inhospitable Patagonia Desert, which worsened the supply issues of both sides. However, one side had a clear advantage. The Chilean Navy had seized much of Tierra del Fuego early in the war, and the majority of Patagonian laborers (living primarily in the wooded west and various islands) were actually of Chilean origin. Argentine army officers were given orders to imprison or kill all Chilean laborers, which immediately proved to be a largely impossible task. Chilean laborers, fearing for their safety, stole weapons and formed small bands of fighters. in these forested areas With limited naval supply, operating in a desert, and facing a largely hostile population, the Argentine Army largely proved hapless in Patagonia, being unable to make their own offensives. That being said, they were able to hold strategic positions in the desert by building significant earthworks, and the difficulty of supplying an army in the Patagonia made it difficult for the Chilean Army to actually dislodge them. Although Chilean forces seized several forested areas, they were unable to overrun Patagonia as desired. The war in Patagonia quickly devolved into endless small-unit skirmishes in the desert. The Patagonian Front notably saw the first serious military use of aircraft. The 1906 Wright Flier, commissioned by the US Army and lent out to the Argentine Army, was the first aircraft used for military purposes. In practice, it was essentially only used as a scout aircraft, giving Argentine troops a significant advantage in many of these skirmishes. Although the first year was filled with successful Chilean offensives in the forests of the western Patagonia, the second year was seen as largely a disappointment, losing small-scale firefights.

Farther north in the Andes, the Chilean offensive also met partial success but great frustration. After the Brazilian Navy returned from Europe. Chilean forces managed to achieve local naval superiority in the Atacama Desert, which allowed Chilean forces to interdict any supply going to beleaguered Peruvo-Bolivian garrisons. Surely but slowly, the Chileans slowly simply starved out these garrisons. Determined Peruvo-Bolivian garrisons, essentially trained and armed by the United States, could repel any direct assault, so the decision was made to resort to starvation and drought. The first year essentially saw Chilean forces take horrible losses trying to push against garrisons. The second year of the war saw much more success for the Chileans. The real dilemma presented to the Chileans was whether to take a further gambit. Some wanted to leverage their local naval superiority into an amphibious landing to target and occupy Lima (the largest city in Peru-Bolivia), hopefully bringing the war to an end. Another option was to simply hold in the Atacama, try to seize the Peruvo-Bolivian capital of Tacna (next to the Atacama along the coasts) and then try to outlast the Axis powers. The latter seemed to have an advantage in internal debates, since it was widely understood that the United States would be sending a fleet from its Pacific Coast, which would threaten Chilean gains.

However, the decision would soon be influenced by an unexpected event. The "Night of the Bayonets" severely damaged morale in Peru-Bolivia - even though the President of the United States personally made sure that the officer in charge was court-martialed, it sparked widespread popular anti-Americanism. As the power closest aligned to the United States, and in fact as a nation whose entire existence was propped up by American funds, Peruvians and Bolivians were deeply concerned by the Montevideo Massacre, wondering if they would be next. The President of Ecuador, Eloy Alfaro, had earlier taken power in a coup, overthrowing Ecuador's conservatives Catholic establishment. As a secularist and militarist, Alfaro had built the Ecuadoran Army into a fairly impressive, albeit small, fighting force. Moreover, the Allied Powers had begged for Ecuadorian intervention during the entire war. Due to a complex history of colonial borders, Peru's Loreto region in the Amazon was seen by the Ecuadorans as occupied territory. With large rubber and timber deposits, the region became increasingly economically lucrative. Finally, it bordered Brazil, which thus had interesting strategic implications.

In the aftermath of the Argentine-American conquest of Uruguay, the Ecuadorans found to their surprise a large number of Peruvians offer to defect. With the opportunity having essentially fallen into their lap, Ecuadoran soldiers urged action, and fearing violence from his own soldiers, Alfaro made his move. Ecuador entered the Second World War as its army flooded across the border, quickly seizing towns largely without a fight, and replacing the Peruvo-Bolivian flag with their own. The Ecuadorans, having fortified their coastal border with Peru, had hoped that they could make the seizure of land essentially fait accompli. After all, facing a multi-front war, perhaps Peru-Bolivia would simply just accept the loss of those territories as opposed to undergoing a hideous war to take them back (in poorly supplied, heavily fortified regions).

Indeed, Tacna seemed obliged to simply let the territories go. The capital of Tacna was under direct Chilean threat and morale was extremely shakey. Almost nobody in actual Peru or Bolivia had originally supported the restoration of Peru-Bolivia - it had been largely an American initiative and even then, few now trusted the Americans. Moreover, the Peruvo-Bolivian offensive into the Chaco Desert had largely collapsed in the face of fierce, and better-trained Paraguayan resistance. Patriotic Paraguayan soldiers had a massive morale advantage against what were largely poorly trained and equipped Quechua and Aymara peasant conscripts, who were led primarily by primarily white Bolivian and American officers, some who were quite racist. This large morale disparity was further exacerbated by the Night of the Bayonet, further frustrating Bolivian-American officers.

However, the decision was made for Peru-Bolivia. The US Congress almost immediately voted upon and passed a declaration of war against Ecuador, horrifying Peruvo-Bolivian leadership, who then had no choice but to comply and follow with their own declaration of war. Although the first year of World War II in South America saw various Axis triumphs (chiefly the occupation of most of Brazil's population centers and the integration of Uruguay into the Axis), the second year was largely seen as an Allied victory, with the Chileans making gains in both Patagonia and the Atacama, while Paraguayan forces retained control of most of Misiones and completely routed Peruvo-Bolivian troops in the Chaco. Going into the next year, with a presidential election upcoming in the United States, the Beveridge Administration significantly accelerated plans for a large counter-offensive across the Pacific coast of South America, eager to put the war back on track for the Axis with the nearly unparalleled industrial and economic strength of the United States. The Americans figured that a negotiated peace would be signed shortly after the occupation of Brazil...but that simply was not to be, leaving the second year filled with missed American opportunities. Now the goal was to quickly end the war with overwhelming force.
 
That immigrant flow going to Latin America means they will have larger population bases to build up their country and economies. Forge closer connections to Europe and Asia. Plus have a wider pool of people to draw ideas from.

All true, but a lot of Latin Americans are also dying in the Second World War, so the pool is both wider and smaller.
 
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