2001, 2004, and 2009 Commonwealth of America federal elections
2001- The 2001 Election saw Mike Madigan of Indiana(the new leader of the labor party after the resignation of Prime Minister Biden of Delaware over not being able to properly lead the MP's of his own party which he likened to "herding cats") winning an election in his own right to continue serving as Prime Minister. The election also saw the election of 46 more MP's over the previous election, the first increase in the House of Commons since 1973 and one of Madigan's first (and most controversial) moves as Prime Minister. The Liberal Party saw it's resurgence after competing heavily with Preston Manning's Democratic People's Party in 1996. After Manning's retirement, Stockwell Day of Alberta was able to pull much of the DPP back under the Liberals due to Day's perceived conservatism however it was still not enough to overcome Labor in this election. The DPP was expected to fizzle out with over 40 of their MP's jumping to the Liberals, but under the leadership of Duncan Hunter of California they were able to hang onto 11 seats. Despite his best efforts with the increase of seats Progressive Party leader David Bonior of Michigan was unable to meaningfully gain more seats in the Commons coming out of the election with almost the exact same percentage of seats as before leading to his resignation as Party leader. This was largely seen as due to the surprising strength of the Green Party under Ralph Nader of Connecticut in 2001 winning their first 3 seats in this election.
2004- The 2004 election saw Mike Castle of Delware carry the Liberal Party to their first majority government since the 1986 election. Castle had successfully challenged sitting Liberal leader Stockwell Day in 2002 by arguing for a more moderate approach with the party. The Liberals weren't the only party to have a successful leadership challenge however, Chris Dodd of Connecticut managed to force out Prime Minister Madigan in 2003 by uniting MP's disgruntled with Madigan's overbearing style in governance (starkly different to his predecessor). This ploy didn't work out for Dodd as well as it did for Castle though. The Labor Party saw it's seats nearly cut in third due to Dodd managing to be even less popular than Madigan and much less effective as Prime Minister (there were even rumors that Madigan was able to convince his friends still in the government to shift campaign support from the seats of his detractors to those of his supporters however these have never been substantiated). As support for the Labor Party collapsed and as it did support for the Progressives rose. The Progressives saw their seats more than triple from the last election and even overtake the Labor Party and their leader Dennis Kucinich of Ohio to become the first Progressive Opposition Leader in over 60 years. As for the smaller parties, the DPP under Duncan Hunter had small gains while the Greens under Ralph Nader more than doubled their seats over the previous year as disgruntled Labor voters moved to them.
2009- The 2009 election saw Prime Minister Castle and the Liberals despite a large loss in support due to the 2006 recession manage to regain much of their previous popularity and hold on to their majority. Castle was able to pull a win largely what most experts assume was due to his personal popularity as Prime Minister as his personal approval ratings were much higher than that of his party (the opposite of what it was for Madigan 8 years earlier). The Labor Party under their popular new leader John Murtha of Pennsylvania was able to reovertake the Progressives for Murtha to become the oldest Opposition Leader in COA history. Dennis Kucinich and the Progressives despite a large surge in support after the recession saw this support completely evaporate as the public began to place their trust back into Castle's hands while Murtha and Labor swallowed up much of the Progressive's left-wing support due to Kucinich's perceived ineffectiveness. The other two parties saw changes in leadership as well. Tom Tancredo of Colorado was able to successfully force out Duncan Hunter to become leader and gained some more support for his right-wing populist agenda. The Greens saw a change in leadership after the resignation of Ralph Nader with his replacement Elizabeth May of Columbia however she was not able to command as much support as her predecessor in this election.
Later- John Murtha would serve as Opposition Leader until his death in 2010 where he would be replaced by former Prime Minister Mike Madigan who would go on to win the
2014 election for Labor to regain his old position. Kucinich would resign shortly after the 2009 election and would be replaced by his deputy Jack Layton of Ontario until his death in 2011 where he would be replaced by little known Progressive MP Bernie Sanders of Vermont. Castle would continue to serve as Prime Minister with high approval ratings until his retirement announcement in 2013 and resignation in 2014. He would be replaced by Charlie Dent of Pennsylvania. Tancredo and May would continue to hold their leadership positions up to the 2014 election.
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