A Spanish Empire

Trees

    • isabella

    Ferdinand II, King of Aragon and Sicily (1452-1516) married Isabella I, Queen of Castile (1451-1510) in 1469
    1. Isabella, Princess of Asturias and Girona (1470-1498), married a) Alfonso, Prince of Portugal (1475-1491) in 1490 and b) Manuel I, King of Portugal (1469-1519) in 1497
      1. b) Miguel da Paz, King of Spain (b. 1498) married Madeleine, Queen of Navarre (b. 1494) in 1512
        1. John III, King of Spain (b.1515) married a) Madeleine of France (1520-1540) in 1536, b) Beatrice of England (b. 1524) in 1541 with issue by both
        2. Isabella of Spain (1517-1544) married Francis III, Duke of Brittany (1518-1539) in 1533 with issue
        3. Catherine of Spain (b.1519) married John II, King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (b.1518) with issue
        4. stillborn son (1522)
        5. Ferdinand (1524-1530)
        6. Beatrice of Spain (b. 1526), twin of Eleanor, married Charles IX, King of France (b. 1528) in 1542 with issue
        7. Eleanor of Spain (b. 1526), twin of Beatrice, married Henry IX, King of England (b. 1422) in 1540 with issue
        8. Alfonso of Spain (b. 1529) married Isabella of Guimarães (b. 1530)
    2. miscarried son (1472)
    3. Juan, Prince of Asturias and Girona (1478-1497) married Margaret of Austria-Burgundy (b.1480) in 1497
      1. stillborn daughter (1497)​
    4. Juana of Aragon (b.1479) married Philip IV, Duke of Burgundy (1478-1503) in 1496 with issue
    5. Beatriz of Aragon (1482) twin of Maria, stillborn
    6. Maria of Aragon (1482-1520) married Vladislaus II, King of Hungary and Bohemia (1469-1517) in 1501
      1. Elizabeth of Bohemia and Hungary (b. 1503) married Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1503) with issue
      2. John of Bohemia and Hungary (1505-1510)
      3. Stephen VI, King of Bohemia and Hungary (1507-1526) married Mary of Savoy (b. 1505) without issue
      4. Hedwig of Bohemia and Hungary (1508-1510)
      5. Casimir of Bohemia and Hungary (1511-1514)
    7. Catalina of Aragon (1485-1518) married a) Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales (1486-1502) in 1501 and b) Henry VIII, King of England (b.1491) in 1505
      1. b) miscarriage (1508)
      2. b) stillborn son (1509)
      3. b) Henry, Prince of Wales (1511)
      4. b) Isabella (1512)
      5. b) stillborn daughter (1514)
      6. b) Mary (1516-1520)
      7. b) miscarried daughter (1518)

    Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459-1519) marry a) Mary, Duchess of Burgundy (1457-1482) in 1477 b) Anne of Brittany (1477-1514) in 1490 (annulled 1492) c) Bianca Maria Sforza (1472-1510) in 1493
    1. a) Philip IV, Duke of Burgundy (1478-1503), married Joanna of Aragon (b.1479) in 1496
      1. Eleanor of Austria (b.1498) married Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1489) in 1512
        1. Nicholas (1514-1520)
        2. miscarriage (1515)
        3. Charles (1516-1520)
        4. Eleanor, Duchess of Lorraine (b.1518) married Ernest I, Holy Roman Emperor (b.1520) with issue
        5. Francis (1520)
        6. Mary (1522-1535)
      2. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500-1531) married a) Mary Tudor (1496-1523) in 1515 b) Isabella of Portugal (1509-1530) in 1524
        1. a) Philip, Count of Charolais (1518-1520)
        2. a) John of Austria (1520)
        3. a) stillborn daughter (1521)
        4. a) Joanna (1523-1528)
        5. b) Mary (1526)
        6. b) Isabella (1528-1530)
        7. b) Maximilian (1530)
      3. Isabella of Austria (b.1501) married Christian II, King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (b.1481-1521) in 1514
        1. John II, King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (b.1518) married Catherine of Spain (b.1519) with issue
        2. Philip Ferdinand (1419)
        3. Maximilian (1419)
        4. Dorothea (b.1520)
        5. Christina (b.1521) married Francis II, Duke of Milan (b.1518) with issue
      4. Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (b.1503) married Elizabeth of Bohemia and Hungary (b.1503) in 1515
        1. Ernest I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1520) married Eleanor, Duchess of Lorraine (b.1518) with issue
        2. Maximilian I, King of Hungary and Poland (b.1521) married Elizabeth of Poland (b. 1522) with issue
        3. Elizabeth (b. 1524)
        4. Joanna (1525-1532)
        5. Charles (b. 1527), Grandmaster of Teutonic Order
        6. Eleanor (b. 1530)
        7. Frederick (1530-1539)
        8. Philip (1535)
        9. Anna (1538-1546)
        10. Margaret (1540)
        11. Helena (b. 1542)
        12. Rudolf (1545-1554)
        13. Magdalena (b. 1547)
    2. a) Margaret of Austria-Burgundy (b. 1480) married a) John, Prince of Asturias and Girona (1478-1497) in 1497 b) Philibert II, Duke of Savoy (b. 1480) in 1501
      1. a) stillborn daughter (1498)
      2. b) Margaret of Savoy (b. 1502) married Sigismund I, King of Poland (b.1467) in 1516
        1. Hedwig of Poland (1519)
        2. stillborn son (1520)
        3. Elizabeth of Poland (b. 1522) married Maximilian I, King of Poland and Hungary (b. 1521) with issue
        4. Sigismund of Poland (1523-1538) died unmarried
        5. Anna of Poland (1525-1526)
        6. Sofia of Poland (b. 1528)
        7. miscarriage (1530)
      3. b) stillborn son (1503)
      4. b) Mary of Savoy (b. 1505) married a) Stephen VI, King of Bohemia and Hungary (1507-1526) in 1515 (consummated 1522) without issue b) Francis I, King of France (b. 1494) in 1526 with issue
      5. b) Maximilian I, Duke of Savoy (b. 1507) married Beatrice of Portugal (b. 1507) in 1522 with issue
      6. b) Charles of Savoy (b. 1509)
    3. a) Francis of Austria (1481)

    Manuel I, King of Portugal (1469-1521) married a) Isabella, Princess of Asturias and Girona (1470-1498) in 1497, b) Joanna of Aragon-Naples (b. 1479) in 1501
    1. a) Miguel da Paz, King of Spain (b. 1498) married Madeleine, Queen of Navarre (b. 1494) in 1512 with issue
    2. b) Joanna of Portugal (b. 1503) married Henry VIII, King of England (b. 1491) in 1519 with issue
      1. Elizabeth of England (b. 1520) married James V, King of Scotland (b. 1512) in 1536 with issue
      2. Henry IX, King of England (b. 1522) married Eleanor of Spain (b.1526) in 1540 with issue
      3. Joanna of England (b. 1524) married William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (b. 1514) in 1539 with issue
      4. Beatrice of England (b. 1527) married John III, King of Spain (b. 1514) in 1541 with issue
      5. Edward, Duke of York (b. 1531) married Anne Percy (b. 1531) with issue
    3. b) Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu (b. 1505) married Isabella of Braganza, Duchess of Guimarães (b. 1514) with issue
    4. b) Beatrice of Portugal (b. 1507) married Maximilian I, Duke of Savoy (b. 1507) in 1522 with issue
    5. b) Isabella of Portugal (b. 1508) married Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1500) in 1524 with issue
    6. b) John, Duke of Beja (b. 1510) married Guiomar Coutinho (b. 1510) with issue
    7. b) Louis of Portugal, Duke of Guarda (1512-1519)
    8. b) Alfonso of Portugal (b. 1513), cardinal
    9. b) Henry of Portugal (1515-1516)
     
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    • Notes on the scenario

    • isabella

    NOTES:
    Miguel and Madeleine match would be surely in Ferdinand’s plans if both had survived. ATL Madeleine d’Albret and her youngest sister Isabella (who married her OTL husband) were the only child of Catherine of Foix still alive at her death (and Madeleine also was destined to an early grave) so the ATL Spain on which John III ruled included the whole Iberian peninsula plus Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and had all the colonies of both Spain and Portugal.

    Philip of Burgundy choose the weddings for Eleanor of Austria who, without future Henry VIII available, was engaged to the heir of Lorraine and Charles, who was engaged to Mary Tudor (the elder) as OTL, while the weddings of the younger two were arranged by Maximilian, who married off also his granddaughters by Margaret and Philibert (Charles V arranged Mary’s second wedding)
    Charles later remarried to his cousin Isabella of Portugal and was pretty unlucky with both as he had no surviving kids and died months after his second wife, likely consumed more by the guilt (as both Mary and Isabella died in childbirth and he had loved both of them) than the illness.
    While his wedding to Catherine was more frustrating than his OTL one, the fact who Austria/Burgundy and Spain were NOT destined to be unite prevented Henry VIII to broke his sister‘s engagement to Charles II of Burgundy after his father-in-law’s betrayal (as he had no direct tie to the Habsburgs). Catherine’s death after a miscarriage was a blessing for Henry, whose successive wedding to another Spanish princess (Joanna of Portugal) was much happier with four of their five kids surviving (and among them an heir and a spare with good health).
    Henry VIII’s heir married a Spanish cousin (when his third sister become the second wife of John III of Spain), while his younger brother, well, scandalised court eloping with the eldest daughter of the Earl of Northumberland (by his second wife) in a wedding much more scandalous than the contrasted one of her parents (and both are remembered among the great love stories of that age). The fact who lady Anne was niece of one of the tree long time mistresses of King Henry VIII (who were all blondes) only added to the scandal but was the reason for which they were pardoned rather quickly (like the King’s great friend Charles Brandon had been pardoned by the King after seducing and secretly marring his widowed sister once sent in Scotland as ambassador). James V of Scotland married Henry VIII’s eldest daughter while his full brother Alexander married their relative Madeleine of Albany (they had an half-brother and three half-sisters by Margaret’s second wedding).
    Eleanor of Austria had an horrible 1520 as all her kids caught an illness who killed the three boys (the youngest only few months old) and to which only her daughter survived. She became deeply attacked to her daughter after this, specially after another illness killed her only other child years later.
    The Francis II of Milan who married Christina of Denmark (who ATL was born 7 months after her father’s death) is NOT her OTL husband, but his nephew (Maximilian I of Milan married his cousin Bona and they had five children: Francesco, Isabella, Beatrice, Bianca Maria and Ludovico (who inherited his mother’s Duchy of Bari) while his brother died unmarried and childless).
    Maximilian and his sons Ernest and Maximilian were able (and lucky as all three in the end married heiresses) rulers who were able to create and consolidate their Kingdoms, reducing a lot the power of the nobility in all their lands
    France well will be pretty screwed as Francis I’s eldest son died leaving only a daughter as heiress of Brittany and his younger sons by Claude died childless, so the French crown was inherited by his eldest son by Mary of Savoy (Francis himself will arrange the wedding of his last Dauphin to another Spanish infanta, for securing his borders and hoping to have early a grandson of a good age to be married to his infant granddaughter, the next Duchess of Brittany, but Brittany will fall outside the hands of the King of France).

    Joanna and Margaret will have much happier lives than their OTL ones, Margaret in Savoy with her beloved Philibert and children, while Joanna, Regent of Burgundy for her son will be know as the grieving Duchess as she would never dismiss the mourning for her beloved Philip (as after his early death she will remember only their love and not his cruelty).
     
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    • When Suffolk stole the Queen of France - review

    • isabella

    “When Suffolk stole the Queen of France” a fun, but not correct title, as the woman involved was NEVER Queen of France, is a book who narrated the “great betrayal“ who Henry VIII of England received from his best friend (and well known seducer) Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, when the King sent his best friend as ambassador in Scotland, with the job to persuade his recently widowed sister, Margaret, Dowager Queen of Scotland to leave her two sons (the 2 years old James V, King of Scotland and the newborn Alexander, Duke of Ross) and the regency to Scotland for remarrying to the old King of France, who needed desperately a male heir. The plan of using Margaret for sealing a triple alliance between England, France and Scotland received a lukewarm support by John, Duke of Albany, cousin of the late King, who while pro-French and interested in replacing Margaret as Regent, believed cruel forcing the separation between Margaret and her sons. Margaret had no intention to doing it: she was a rich widow and free, and she had no intention to help her brother to get more benefits from the death of an husband who she had loved and whose death (in battle) was caused by Henry’s men. She had been happy with James, who was more than 15 years older than her, but had no intention to let her younger brother sell her to the old King of France (who was also more than 25 years older than her and in bad health). Historian and experts still today debated on who was really the seducer between Charles Brandon and Margaret Tudor, but what is secure is who three months after his arrival in Scotland the Duke of Suffolk married in secret the Dowager Queen of Scotland, provoking the ire of the King of England and of Cardinal Wolsey (who was the main negotiator of the treaty with France) and totally incensed Queen Catherine of Aragon, giving origin to a feud between the two sisters-in-law who would continue until Catherine’s death.
    Still Charles and Margaret’s wedding was a great love story, passionate and tempestuous as they had both strong characters and conjugal fidelity was know to Suffolk as it had been to the late James IV. Still Charles and Margaret lived a long and happy life together between England and Scotland, with a lot of children: he had been already married twice and had two daughters, she had two surviving sons by the King of Scotland and together they would have four surviving children: Margaret (b. 1515), Elizabeth (b. 1517), Eleanor (b. 1519) and Henry (b. 1520).
     
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    • The Percy sisters (and their siblings)

    • isabella

    Henry Percy, the 6th Earl of Northumberland, without doubt owe his fame to his well know love for his second wife, the fascinating and cultured Anne Boleyn (who he secretly married mere days after receiving the annulment from his first disastrous wedding to lady Mary Talbot, who he was forced to marry) but also for being father of a couple of girls who definitely left a sign in history: the eldest lady Anne Percy (born in 1531) was naturally the great love for which Edward, Duke of York risked everything, while the second Elizabeth, Countess of Leicester (born in 1533) was acknowledged as one of the greatest women of culture of her times and remembered forher passionate marriage with her childhood friend Robert Dudley, great friend of his future brother-in-law Edward. Robert was born as younger son of John Dudley, Viscount Lisle and would become one of the best military commanders of Henry IX, receiving the Earldom of Leicester as recompense for his military victories. While Anne of York and Elizabeth of Leicester are without doubt the most famous among Henry and Anne‘s children, the others deserve at least a passing mention: George, 7th Earl of Northumberland (born 1536), named after the Saint and his maternal uncle and godfather who was the only surviving boy; Catherine, Countess of Ormonde (born in 1537) who married the son of the Irish cousin who her mother had been once destined to marry; Eleanor, Countess of Wiltshire (born 1538) who married her cousin George Boleyn, the only surviving child of her maternal uncle George; and the youngest Alice, Duchess of Suffolk (born 1540), who married the grandson of Princess Margaret and the Duke of Suffolk, whose mother, born Katherine Willoughby was another lady well know for her culture.

    Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland (b. 1502) married a) Mary Talbot (b. 1504) in 1524, annulled 1529 b) Anne Boleyn (b. 1507) in 1529
    1. b) Anne Percy (b. 1531) married Edward Tudor, Duke of York (b. 1531)
    2. b) Henry Percy (1532-1536)
    3. b) Elizabeth Percy (b. 1533) married Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester (b. 1532)
    4. b) Thomas Percy (1535-1540)
    5. b) George Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland (b. 1536) married Elizabeth Berkeley (b. 1534)
    6. b) Catherine Percy (b. 1537) married Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormond (b. 1531)
    7. b) Eleanor Percy (b. 1538) married George Boleyn, 3rd Earl of Wiltshire (b. 1535)
    8. b) Alice Percy (b. 1540) married Charles Brandon, 3rd Duke of Suffolk (b. 1538)
     
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    • Tudor tree

    • isabella

    Henry VII Tudor, King of England (1457-1509) married Elizabeth of York (1466-1503) in 1486
    1. Arthur, Prince of Wales (1486-1502) married Catherine of Aragon (1485-1513) in 1501
    2. Margaret (b. 1489) married a) James IV, King of Scotland (1473-1522) in 1503 b) Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk (b. 1484) in 1514
      1. a) James, Duke of Rothesay (1507-1508)
      2. a) stillborn daughter (1508)
      3. a) Arthur, Duke of Rothesay (1509)
      4. a) James V, King of Scotland (b. 1512) married Elizabeth of England (b. 1520) in 1536 with issues
      5. a) stillborn daughter (1512)
      6. a) Alexander, Duke of Ross (b. 1514) married Madeleine of Albany, Countess of Boulogne and Auvergne (b. 1518) in 1532 with issues
      7. b) Margaret Brandon (b. 1515) married a) Lord Thomas Howard (1511-1540) in 1532, b) Matthew Stewart, Earl of Lennox (b. 1516) in 1444 with issues by both
      8. b) Elizabeth Brandon (b. 1517) married Henry Grey, Marquess of Dorset (b. 1517) in 1533 with issues
      9. b) Eleanor Brandon (b. 1519) married Henry Clifford, Earl of Cumberland (b. 1517) in 1535 with issues
      10. b) Henry Brandon, Duke of Suffolk (b. 1520) married Katherine Willoughby (b. 1519) with issues
    3. Henry VIII, King of England (b. 1491) married a) Catherine of Aragon (1485-1518) in 1505, b) Joanna of Portugal (b. 1503) in 1519 and had relationship with c) Elizabeth Blount (b. 1500), d) Mary Boleyn Carey (b. 1499), e) Jane Seymour (1508-1539) and f) Katherine Howard (b. 1523)
      1. a) miscarriage (1508)
      2. a) stillborn son (1509)
      3. a) Henry, Prince of Wales (1511)
      4. a) Isabella (1512)
      5. a) stillborn daughter (1514)
      6. a) Mary (1516-1520)
      7. c) Elizabeth Fitzroy (b. 1517) married George Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire (b. 1504) in 1531 with issue
      8. c) Henry Fitzroy, Earl of Notthingham (b. 1518) married Mary Howard (b. 1519) without surviving issue
      9. a) miscarried daughter (1518)
      10. b) Elizabeth of England (b. 1520) married James V, King of Scotland (b. 1512) in 1536 with issue
      11. b) Henry IX, King of England (b. 1522) married Eleanor of Spain (b.1526) in 1540 with issue
      12. b) Joanna of England (b. 1524) married William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (b. 1514) in 1539 with issue
      13. b) Beatrice of England (b. 1528) married John III, King of Spain (b. 1514) in 1541 with issue
      14. d) William Fitzroy, Earl of Pembroke (1529-1534)
      15. b) Edward, Duke of York (b.1531) married Anne Percy (b. 1531) with issue
      16. d) Thomas Fitzroy (1532-1533)
      17. e) Jane Fitzroy (1534)
      18. e) stillborn son (1537)
      19. f) Katherine Fitzroy (b. 1541) married Edward Seymour, Viscount Beauchamp (b. 1439) with issue
      20. f) Eleanor Fitzroy (b. 1543) married Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk (b. 1536) as second wife with issues
    4. Elizabeth (1492-1495)
    5. Mary (1496-1523) married Karl V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500-1531) in 1515
      1. see under Karl V
    6. Edward, Duke of Richmond (1498-1499)
    7. Edmund, Duke of Somerset (1499-1500)
    8. Katherine (1503)
     
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    • Slightly expanded Avis tree

    • isabella

    Miguel da Paz, King of Spain (1498-1530) married Madeleine, Queen of Navarre (1494-1529) in 1512
    1. John III, King of Spain (b.1515) married a) Madeleine of France (1520-1540) in 1536, b) Beatrice of England (b. 1528) in 1541 with issues by both
      1. a) Madeleine (b. 1538)
      2. a) Manuel, Prince of Asturias, Girona, Portugal and Viana (1540-1545)
      3. b) Ferdinand VI, King of Spain (b. 1542)
      4. b) Isabella (1543-1546)
      5. b) Alfonso (1545)
      6. b) Beatrice (b. 1546)
      7. b) Eleanor (1548-1550)
    2. Isabella (1517-1544) married Francis III, Duke of Brittany (1518-1539) in 1533
      1. Isabella, Duchess of Brittany (1534-1540)
      2. Madeleine, Duchess of Brittany (b. 1538)
    3. Catherine (b.1519) married John II, King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (b.1518) with issues
    4. stillborn son (1522)
    5. Ferdinand (1524-1530)
    6. Beatrice of Spain (b. 1526), twin of Eleanor, married Charles IX, King of France (b. 1528)* in 1542 with issues
    7. Eleanor of Spain (b. 1526), twin of Beatrice, married Henry IX, King of England (b. 1422)** in 1540 with issues
    8. Alfonso of Spain (b. 1529) married Isabella of Guimarães (b. 1530)***

    *Charles IX of France is the eldest son of Francis I by his second wife Mary of Savoy
    ** Henry IX is the eldest son of Henry VIII by his second wife Joanna of Portugal
    *** Isabella of Guimarães is the daughter of Ferdinand of Viseu and Isabella of Braganza
     
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    • Kings of Spain

    • isabella

    Miguel I (1498-1530)
    Juan III (1515-1565)
    Fernando VI (1542-1586)
    Manuel I (1558-1592)
    Juan IV (1581-1635)
    Alfonso XII (1612-1680)
    Miguel II (1640-1683)
    Juan V (1672-1741)
     
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