"I've heard of Balkanising Spain, but this is ridiculous!"
So, the idea I decided to run with was taking the fall of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans and transfer it to a surviving Al-Andaluz in the Iberian Peninsula. I played around with the transfers, with there being no exact matchs, but very similar events, as otherwise it would take the fun out of the very original patch of cultures that is the Iberian Peninsula. In any case, I imagine that, to the trained eye, similarities will abound.
To give some insight into the world, I'll put some things about the diplomacy of each of the nations of the Peninsula:
Asturias: the most ancient Christian state in the Peninsula, by around 1000 years. Rather culturally distinct from the rest of their fellow nations, due to the severe lack, to the point of aversion, of Islamic influences. Separated by the Duero Desert, the vastly empty valleys of the Duero River, that suffered a campaign of genocide by ancient Asturian kings, the Asturians are a rather distinct folk, very Visigothic in character still. They are also a rather poor country, that had hoped to, in the demise of the Andaluz Empire, expand their lands beyond their mountain peaks. They managed to snatch the mouth of the Duero back in 1808, but their attempts at expanding during the Iberic Revolts failed badly, with the native peoples preferring Andaluzian rule to that of the Asturians and finally arising as their own Hispanian nation. Needless to say, the bitterness about this is still felt between Asturians and Hispanians. They also dislike the Basques, having put forward campaigns of extermination of the other mountain people of Hispania
Kunnimbriga & Walisiphus: the two Zamali sisters, based on the Atlantic hills, these two states came into being when the local Zamali (Northmen) population rose, their tribal chiefs who had submitted to the Caliph back in the late 1100s rising again when sensing the weakness of their overlords. Supported and sponsored by the northern European nations, in particular the English and the Norwegians, the local Zamali minorities replaced the Arabic minority in power, changing very little in the lives of their smallfolk, who begin to fall in love with pan-Hispanian feelings
Vasconia: the land of the Basques. In their defence, the Basques are much more numerous here, as the Aragonese language nevery truly arose, with the Upper Ebro Valley remaining steadfast Basque and, curiously enough, also becoming fiercely Islamic, in a very successful campaign by local tribal leaders who converted during the early stages of the invasion, such as the Banu Qasi. However, it is true that most of the patch of land acquired during the Third Iberic Revolt was perhaps too much to chew, as its people are mostly Romance speakers, now suffering a great campaign of 'education' on proper manners. Surrounded by Christian states, their relationships with them are... far from ideal, but they do have a healthy trading relation with the English and the Norwegian, as Basque ships are renowned in their strength. In fact, it was Basque ships that discovered the western continents
Gothia: a strange entity, legally speaking, within the Gallic Empire, the province had long been desired by the Empire, and after three long wars with little result, the Imperial forces were finally able to take the country for themselves, creating a province with very special status in the Imperial Assembly, being directly supervised by the Imperial admnistration, rather than have a feudal trapping underneath it. Very devoid of aristocracy (most having fled during the war), today it is one of the most secular regions in the Empire, and home to many disturbances. The Imperial government attempts to focus on the Gothic heritage of the region, mostly in opposition to the Hispanian identity that many of its inhabitants are beginning to feel like, as pan-Hispanian feelings surge. Things ought to be better once the Prince Imperial and his wife go visit Tarraco next summer, though
Cartaginensia: what mostly started as a pet project of the Apolloniac literary circles and, somehow, became a powerful state of its own. As the literary style in Gallia, Lombardy and Rome began glorifying the classical era, the struggles of the modern Carthaginians, under the yoke of Andalusian rule, became somewhat glorified themselves and when a small-scale revolt in the region, as periodically occured, began, an unexpected number of foreign support, from money to volunteers, came pouring in, as young well-read men came to fight a new Punic war. Understanding that the lifestyle sold, the Carthaginians themselves adopted their newfound Punic identity, managing to expel the Andalusians from their lands and establishing their own nation. Perhaps not yet fully formed, the half-hearted Punic idealism and their reliance on Apolloniac support, no matter how ridiculous that was, had them choose the ancient city of Cartago, now little more than a village, to serve as their capital city. The city would grow the following century to become one of Europe's finest cities. A constant thorn on the side for the Andalusians, they would constantly ally with their enemies for the sake of expanding, stretching themselves over the coast and becoming a maritime power. Their monarchy is descended from a Byzantine younger prince who was elected to serve as King, and whose lineage fit rather well with the whole Apolloniac theme the country has going. Many of its citizens already identify as 'Punic', whatever that would mean, but the number of pro-Hispanian folk isn't significant either. If that lends itself to a stable future, however, remains to be seen, as tensions agitate and some begin suggesting the Hispanians may find greener pastures in their own country, just across the border
Betica: A country that is still struggling to find its place in the world. Much closer culturally to the Caliphate, they were still very Christian in religion, making them an odd kid in the world. With a very strong Andalusian identity, a distinct Romance language as close to Hispanian as it is to say, Lombard, and a Christian faith, the country was formed more out of Gallic pressures than any true indepedence movement in the Iberic Revolts; its founding fathers decided to choose the name Betica for their country to appeal to a more distant history that could unify their nation and help them find an identity in the world. A rather wealthy country, with large cities (even if very depopulated by the forced removals after independence), Betica is indeed finding its own place and becoming a strong power on its own, forming a powerful army, fed from its fruitful valleys and trained by their German allies, from whom their royal family comes, a small noble family named von Habsburg who was elected king due to the fact they were indeed powerless in foreign matters in Europe. Currently, their main dispute is with Hispania, over the region of Almansha, which both nations claim for their own. The two countries have been at war before over the matter and few believe it is settled
Gharb: A nation formed out of a social pact between its Islamic and Christian communities during the Iberic Revolt. Upon realising that each group would be subjected by slaughter if faced with an invasion, be it Christian or by the Andaluzian forces, the two communities, with a long history of good relations and cooperation, decided to build an alliance of mutual protection, declaring themselves free from subjugation from either faction, and defending their lands side-by-side. Achieving their independence, the question of form of government was put on the table, with the involved parties eventually settling for a surprisingly stable plural republican system, with a strong constitution protecting freedom of conscience. The rise of supremacist Christian and Islamic forces, sponsored by Hispania and Berbery respectively, have somewhat weakened that perfect system. Hope remains, however. Lighter fact: their language is so distinct that its name is used in neighbouring nations as a synonym for 'speaking gibberish'
Hispania: The obvious elephant in the room. The question would be: how come a country so big and evidently powerful in the region has managed to have no coast whatsoever? Well... the poor bastards are asking that themselves. But it turns out when you found your own identity on militantly aspiring to engulf all your neighbours (including close allies and provinces of larger foreign countries), they'll usually align against your interests. They are still pretty mad about not actually achieving to go all the way to the sea in 1908, but, if you ask most of the government or army officials, they'll tell you the time for reckoning will come soon. Their identity was built during the First Iberic Revolt, as being that of the Christian peoples of the Peninsula, descendants of the Roman province, rising after centuries of Islamic yoke, but weary of the Asturian kings as well, seeing them as too foreign, not having suffered the occupation of centuries. This has made them militantly opposed to both the Andalusian and the Islamic nations in the Peninsula, and fiercely pan-Hispanian, sponsoring movements for it in their neighbours. And by movements, it means everything from literary circles to guerilla groups. Their intentions are clear - they want to dominate a Christian realm from the Asturian mountains to the Sierra Nevada, from Lissabona to Tarraco. Whether they will accomplish it, it's another matter, but the country is known as a brewing ground for Hispanian terrorists all over the Peninsula. Among the enemies of Hispania, one would count - Asturias, whose border they don't think is well-drawn and whose antics they detest; the Zamali sisters, who occupy their rightful coast and oppress their brethren; the Gallic Empire, who oppress their Gothic subjects; Cartaginensia, a puppet of the Romans who try to discredit Hispanian nationhood for their own fantastical myths; Betica, who are crypto-Berbers trying to shift the Hispanian language in the region; Gharb, whose Christians must be controlled by the Muslims, otherwise why would they reject having been liberated by them back in '78? And, of course, the Republic of Berbery, and all it stands for. Oh, and of course, the foreign powers who are just trying to carve pieces of Hispania for themselves and oppressing their people. Their list of friends is shorter
Berbery: After the collapse of the Empire, both in its rich northern lands and (outside the map) in the large tracts of Saharan land going all the way to the Niger Valley, the Caliphate was removed from power by the Beber National Movement, a secular and nationalist movement who waged a 'war of independence' that saw the Caliph Muhammad XX removed from his position and a republic installed, doing away with the ties with both the Iberian provinces and the southern African regions. The new regime, fiercely secular, is conducting a campaign against the old Islamic customs, such as the wearing of hijab, with mixed results, although certainly improving women's rights. They are also fiercely nationalistic; one wouldn't want to be a Kabyle in Berbery, or at least a Kabyle that wouldn't mind bowing his head to the Berber norm and accept the adjective 'mountain Berber' to be used in their census records. The Republic is also making efforts to 'restore' the Berber language: that is, to take away every Arab influence from it. The ancient city of Karnatha, with its beautiful palace atop of an hill, remains the capital of the State, although the Republicans are planning of shifting it to Fez, for the sake of State security and being farther away from all the dangerous Hispanian influences. Speaking of which, the State remains concerned with the number of cultures within its borders, and has opened talks with its neighbours on how to take care of this problem bothering both sides
So, here we have an Al-Andaluz that, having survived for far longer than its days in our world, now has to face what is coming for it. I leave the fate of Iberia as an exercise to the reader, but with a small finishing note: if you think this has an happy ending, you haven't been paying attention