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Bosnia
A country in the western half of southeastern Europe, with a rich cultural history and a complicated relationship between its many ethnic groups. Formerly part of the medieval south Slavic kingdoms, the Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary and Yugoslavia, modern Bosnia declared independence in the early 1990s and suffered a terrible, complicated war with Serbia (and later also Croatia) shortly afterward. After the armistice of 1995, the country gradually started stabilizing in the second half of the same decade. Nowadays, it is a federation made up of two constituent countries: The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (inhabited by Bosniaks and ethnic Croats; capital Sarajevo) and the Republika Srpska (inhabited by ethnic Serbs; capital Banja Luka).