One wonders if Alexandrine had to abdicate any claim to the Mexican throne for her male issues upon marriage, previously it had eliminated the line of Napoleon I from the line of succession.
List of monarchs III
- Thread starter Shiva
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I have an idea for a second list right now, but I want to run the idea by the thread first to see if there's any interest.
POD: What if Étienne Eustache Bruix, in charge of Napoleon's planned invasion of Great Britian, hadn't died of tubercolusis in 1805 and invaded and conquered Britain including an Air Balloon fleet, resulting in the Royal Family fleeing to Canada in a similar way the Portuguese Royal Family did to Brazil in OTL?
The Naval War with France continues and thus the War of 1812 with the USA also happens, but with the full force of the British exiles in Canada turned against the threat to the south, the USA loses and the former colonies are enfolded back into British America and a monarchy rules the North American British nation from then on? Butterflies mean that Princess Charlotte marries a different person and doesn't die in childbirth?
POD: What if Étienne Eustache Bruix, in charge of Napoleon's planned invasion of Great Britian, hadn't died of tubercolusis in 1805 and invaded and conquered Britain including an Air Balloon fleet, resulting in the Royal Family fleeing to Canada in a similar way the Portuguese Royal Family did to Brazil in OTL?
The Naval War with France continues and thus the War of 1812 with the USA also happens, but with the full force of the British exiles in Canada turned against the threat to the south, the USA loses and the former colonies are enfolded back into British America and a monarchy rules the North American British nation from then on? Butterflies mean that Princess Charlotte marries a different person and doesn't die in childbirth?
Is there anywhere else they could go rather than Canada? Could they set up shop in the Caribbean?
My knowledge of Mexico isn’t that strong so I was relying on Wikipedia. Didn’t Mexico loose land eg. New Mexico, Arizona, California and Texas to the United States?
If this is wrong who ever goes next can recon this
.
Well I’d imagine the Mexican-American war was butterflied away as it’s never mentioned among the entry it would’ve occurred.
Well I’d imagine the Mexican-American war was butterflied away as it’s never mentioned among the entry it would’ve occurred.
What if, when Prince William Adelin, the son and heir of Henry I Beauclerc of England, died in the White Ship disaster in 1120, his young wife, Maltida of Anjou, was pregnant?
Kings of England
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
Kings of England
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
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What if, when Prince William Adelin, the son and heir of Henry I Beauclerc of England, died in the White Ship disaster in 1120, his young wife, Maltida of Anjou, was pregnant?
Kings of England
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
1187 - 1194: Richard I the Charming (House of Normandy) [2]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
[2] Richard was born in 1141, the second child and eldest son of William and Petronilla. From a young age, perhaps 7, Richard accompanied William on his travels throughout his domains. This is where Richard gained his appreciation for the varied languages that were found throughout England, Wales, Southern Scotland, and Normandy.
The young Prince’s desire to learn even the most obscure dialect charmed his father’s subjects and is widely believed to be a determining factor in the peace found during the later part of the reign of William III.
Late in the year 1160, Prince Richard married his first wife Margaret of Flanders. They would have five children before her death of childbed fever in 1172. After five years as a widower (during which Richard had many a mistress and bastard children) Richard would remarry Margaret of Gwynedd as part of a double wedding (One of Richard's many sisters, Princess Matilda, would be marrying Edward ab Owain Gwynedd) and peace agreement with Owain Gynedd.
Richard and Margaret of Gwynedd would have three children before Margaret of Gwynedd left him and returned to her father’s house. Thankfully the marriage of Princess Matilda and Edward was much happier and peace held. The marriage of Richard and Margaret would be annulled by Richard of Dover the Archbishop of Canterbury.
In 1187, Richard was crowned King. Not much changed, Richard continued to travel his vast lands accompanied by one or more of his various children.
In 1190 Philip Count of Flanders would die during his second crusade. This left Richard’s eldest son as the new Count of Flanders. But there was opposition to Prince ______ taking control of his inheritance. Philip’s widow, Theresa of Portugal and France both caused problems.
Prince ________ and Richard would travel to Flanders to oversee the successful change of power. There Richard would meet Theresa of Portugal. The two would bond over a love of Arthurian legends (her having read the works of Chrétien de Troyes and he having grown to love the native welsh legends) and his commitment to learning her language. Richard and Theresa of Portugal would marry, and she would use her influence on the nobility of Flanders to ensure their support going to Prince ________.
There would be several skirmishes between the English & Flemish forces and the French forces, but in the end Prince ______ would have control of Flanders. Leaving behind Prince _____, Richard and Theresa would travel to England where Prince ________’s wife and children were sent to live with him in Flanders.
Richard and Theresa would have one son, named Arthur before Richard's death in 1194.
AN: whoever comes next don't feel you have to make Prince ______ king. Feel free to kill him off, leaving only daughters or whatever. Also, feel free to name him and fill in the ______
Kings of England
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
1187 - 1194: Richard I the Charming (House of Normandy) [2]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
[2] Richard was born in 1141, the second child and eldest son of William and Petronilla. From a young age, perhaps 7, Richard accompanied William on his travels throughout his domains. This is where Richard gained his appreciation for the varied languages that were found throughout England, Wales, Southern Scotland, and Normandy.
The young Prince’s desire to learn even the most obscure dialect charmed his father’s subjects and is widely believed to be a determining factor in the peace found during the later part of the reign of William III.
Late in the year 1160, Prince Richard married his first wife Margaret of Flanders. They would have five children before her death of childbed fever in 1172. After five years as a widower (during which Richard had many a mistress and bastard children) Richard would remarry Margaret of Gwynedd as part of a double wedding (One of Richard's many sisters, Princess Matilda, would be marrying Edward ab Owain Gwynedd) and peace agreement with Owain Gynedd.
Richard and Margaret of Gwynedd would have three children before Margaret of Gwynedd left him and returned to her father’s house. Thankfully the marriage of Princess Matilda and Edward was much happier and peace held. The marriage of Richard and Margaret would be annulled by Richard of Dover the Archbishop of Canterbury.
In 1187, Richard was crowned King. Not much changed, Richard continued to travel his vast lands accompanied by one or more of his various children.
In 1190 Philip Count of Flanders would die during his second crusade. This left Richard’s eldest son as the new Count of Flanders. But there was opposition to Prince ______ taking control of his inheritance. Philip’s widow, Theresa of Portugal and France both caused problems.
Prince ________ and Richard would travel to Flanders to oversee the successful change of power. There Richard would meet Theresa of Portugal. The two would bond over a love of Arthurian legends (her having read the works of Chrétien de Troyes and he having grown to love the native welsh legends) and his commitment to learning her language. Richard and Theresa of Portugal would marry, and she would use her influence on the nobility of Flanders to ensure their support going to Prince ________.
There would be several skirmishes between the English & Flemish forces and the French forces, but in the end Prince ______ would have control of Flanders. Leaving behind Prince _____, Richard and Theresa would travel to England where Prince ________’s wife and children were sent to live with him in Flanders.
Richard and Theresa would have one son, named Arthur before Richard's death in 1194.
AN: whoever comes next don't feel you have to make Prince ______ king. Feel free to kill him off, leaving only daughters or whatever. Also, feel free to name him and fill in the ______
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What if, when Prince William Adelin, the son and heir of Henry I Beauclerc of England, died in the White Ship disaster in 1120, his young wife, Maltida of Anjou, was pregnant?
Kings of England
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
1187 - 1194: Richard I the Charming (House of Normandy) [2]
1194 - 1199: The Brothers War [3]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
[2] Richard was born in 1141, the second child and eldest son of William and Petronilla. From a young age, perhaps 7, Richard accompanied William on his travels throughout his domains. This is where Richard gained his appreciation for the varied languages that were found throughout England, Wales, Southern Scotland, and Normandy.
The young Prince’s desire to learn even the most obscure dialect charmed his father’s subjects and is widely believed to be a determining factor in the peace found during the later part of the reign of William III.
Late in the year 1160, Prince Richard married his first wife Margaret of Flanders. They would have five children before her death of childbed fever in 1172. After five years as a widower (during which Richard had many a mistress and bastard children) Richard would remarry Margaret of Gwynedd as part of a double wedding (One of Richard's many sisters, Princess Matilda, would be marrying Edward ab Owain Gwynedd) and peace agreement with Owain Gynedd.
Richard and Margaret of Gwynedd would have three children before Margaret of Gwynedd left him and returned to her father’s house. Thankfully the marriage of Princess Matilda and Edward was much happier and peace held. The marriage of Richard and Margaret would be annulled by Richard of Dover the Archbishop of Canterbury.
In 1187, Richard was crowned King. Not much changed, Richard continued to travel his vast lands accompanied by one or more of his various children.
In 1190 Philip Count of Flanders would die during his second crusade. This left Richard’s eldest son as the new Count of Flanders. But there was opposition to Prince Henry taking control of his inheritance. Philip’s widow, Theresa of Portugal and France both caused problems.
Prince Henry and Richard would travel to Flanders to oversee the successful change of power. There Richard would meet Theresa of Portugal. The two would bond over a love of Arthurian legends (her having read the works of Chrétien de Troyes and he having grown to love the native welsh legends) and his commitment to learning her language. Richard and Theresa of Portugal would marry, and she would use her influence on the nobility of Flanders to ensure their support going to Prince Henry.
There would be several skirmishes between the English & Flemish forces and the French forces, but in the end Prince Henry would have control of Flanders. Leaving behind Prince Henry, Richard and Theresa would travel to England where Prince Henry’s wife and children were sent to live with him in Flanders.
Richard and Theresa would have one son, named Arthur before Richard's death in 1194.
[3] Whilst England did not, at that point, strictly adhere to a practice of what would later be termed salic law, the accession of a Queen Regnant would be highly unusual. As therefore happened, upon the death of King Richard, his son, Henry of Flanders, had predeceased him and left only daughters. Some at court championed the case of the Dowager Countess, Gertrude, that her eldest daughter (b. 1182), named .......... should succeed to the throne, others championed sixteen year old ......... of Rhuddlan (b. 1178), Richards second eldest son by Margaret of Gwynedd, but this marriage had been annulled and, to all intents and purposes, his children by the marriage had been deligitimised, which to all intents and purposes left the two year old Prince Arthur (b. 1192), supported by his mother's family in Portugal, as the legitimate. This would have placed England into a prolonged sixteen year "Recency" and this was not something that the majority of the Earls and Barons were prepared to consider and thus, a five year period that would later be termed The Brothers War began on the death of King Richard (even though, only two of the claimants were brothers and the other their niece).
The Dowager Countess of Flanders summoned her own allies, from her cousin, Phillip II of France, whilst the Dowager Queen of England summoned her own support from her brother, Sancho of Portugal. The only illegitimate candidate was the eldest and whilst he had support from a great number of the Barons and his uncle, Dafydd of Wales, he found little support across the continent.
The conflict came to a head in 1199 at the Battle of the Solent, a decisive naval battle, and ............. was installed on the throne of England on January 1st 1200.
Kings of England
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
1187 - 1194: Richard I the Charming (House of Normandy) [2]
1194 - 1199: The Brothers War [3]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
[2] Richard was born in 1141, the second child and eldest son of William and Petronilla. From a young age, perhaps 7, Richard accompanied William on his travels throughout his domains. This is where Richard gained his appreciation for the varied languages that were found throughout England, Wales, Southern Scotland, and Normandy.
The young Prince’s desire to learn even the most obscure dialect charmed his father’s subjects and is widely believed to be a determining factor in the peace found during the later part of the reign of William III.
Late in the year 1160, Prince Richard married his first wife Margaret of Flanders. They would have five children before her death of childbed fever in 1172. After five years as a widower (during which Richard had many a mistress and bastard children) Richard would remarry Margaret of Gwynedd as part of a double wedding (One of Richard's many sisters, Princess Matilda, would be marrying Edward ab Owain Gwynedd) and peace agreement with Owain Gynedd.
Richard and Margaret of Gwynedd would have three children before Margaret of Gwynedd left him and returned to her father’s house. Thankfully the marriage of Princess Matilda and Edward was much happier and peace held. The marriage of Richard and Margaret would be annulled by Richard of Dover the Archbishop of Canterbury.
In 1187, Richard was crowned King. Not much changed, Richard continued to travel his vast lands accompanied by one or more of his various children.
In 1190 Philip Count of Flanders would die during his second crusade. This left Richard’s eldest son as the new Count of Flanders. But there was opposition to Prince Henry taking control of his inheritance. Philip’s widow, Theresa of Portugal and France both caused problems.
Prince Henry and Richard would travel to Flanders to oversee the successful change of power. There Richard would meet Theresa of Portugal. The two would bond over a love of Arthurian legends (her having read the works of Chrétien de Troyes and he having grown to love the native welsh legends) and his commitment to learning her language. Richard and Theresa of Portugal would marry, and she would use her influence on the nobility of Flanders to ensure their support going to Prince Henry.
There would be several skirmishes between the English & Flemish forces and the French forces, but in the end Prince Henry would have control of Flanders. Leaving behind Prince Henry, Richard and Theresa would travel to England where Prince Henry’s wife and children were sent to live with him in Flanders.
Richard and Theresa would have one son, named Arthur before Richard's death in 1194.
[3] Whilst England did not, at that point, strictly adhere to a practice of what would later be termed salic law, the accession of a Queen Regnant would be highly unusual. As therefore happened, upon the death of King Richard, his son, Henry of Flanders, had predeceased him and left only daughters. Some at court championed the case of the Dowager Countess, Gertrude, that her eldest daughter (b. 1182), named .......... should succeed to the throne, others championed sixteen year old ......... of Rhuddlan (b. 1178), Richards second eldest son by Margaret of Gwynedd, but this marriage had been annulled and, to all intents and purposes, his children by the marriage had been deligitimised, which to all intents and purposes left the two year old Prince Arthur (b. 1192), supported by his mother's family in Portugal, as the legitimate. This would have placed England into a prolonged sixteen year "Recency" and this was not something that the majority of the Earls and Barons were prepared to consider and thus, a five year period that would later be termed The Brothers War began on the death of King Richard (even though, only two of the claimants were brothers and the other their niece).
The Dowager Countess of Flanders summoned her own allies, from her cousin, Phillip II of France, whilst the Dowager Queen of England summoned her own support from her brother, Sancho of Portugal. The only illegitimate candidate was the eldest and whilst he had support from a great number of the Barons and his uncle, Dafydd of Wales, he found little support across the continent.
The conflict came to a head in 1199 at the Battle of the Solent, a decisive naval battle, and ............. was installed on the throne of England on January 1st 1200.
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Henry I of England, b. 1068, r. 1100 to 1135, m. Matilda of Scotland
1) Empress Matilda, Countess of Anjou, b. 1102, d. 1162, m1. Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, m2. Geoffrey, Count of Anjou
2) William Adelin, Duke of Normandy, b. 1103 to 1120, m. Matilda of Anjou
a) William III of England, b. 1121, r. 1135 to 1187, m. Petronilla of Aquitaine
1) Matilda, m. Edward ab Owain Gwynedd
2) Richard I of England, b. 1142, r. 1187 to 1894, m1. Margaret of Flanders, m2. Margaret of Gwynedd, m3. Theresa of Portugal
1a) Henry, Count of Flanders, m. Gertrude of Dreux
a) ........., Countess of Flanders, Queen Claimant of England, b. 1182
1b) Four Daughters
2a) ......... of Rhuddlan, King Claimant of England, b. 1178
2b) Two Daughters
3a) Arthur, King Claimant of England, b. 1192
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Kings of England
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
1187 - 1194: Richard I the Charming (House of Normandy) [2]
1194 - 1199: The Brothers War [3]
1199-1218 Edward I the Cruel (House of Normandy) [4]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
[2] Richard was born in 1141, the second child and eldest son of William and Petronilla. From a young age, perhaps 7, Richard accompanied William on his travels throughout his domains. This is where Richard gained his appreciation for the varied languages that were found throughout England, Wales, Southern Scotland, and Normandy.
The young Prince’s desire to learn even the most obscure dialect charmed his father’s subjects and is widely believed to be a determining factor in the peace found during the later part of the reign of William III.
Late in the year 1160, Prince Richard married his first wife Margaret of Flanders. They would have five children before her death of childbed fever in 1172. After five years as a widower (during which Richard had many a mistress and bastard children) Richard would remarry Margaret of Gwynedd as part of a double wedding (One of Richard's many sisters, Princess Matilda, would be marrying Edward ab Owain Gwynedd) and peace agreement with Owain Gynedd.
Richard and Margaret of Gwynedd would have three children before Margaret of Gwynedd left him and returned to her father’s house. Thankfully the marriage of Princess Matilda and Edward was much happier and peace held. The marriage of Richard and Margaret would be annulled by Richard of Dover the Archbishop of Canterbury.
In 1187, Richard was crowned King. Not much changed, Richard continued to travel his vast lands accompanied by one or more of his various children.
In 1190 Philip Count of Flanders would die during his second crusade. This left Richard’s eldest son as the new Count of Flanders. But there was opposition to Prince Henry taking control of his inheritance. Philip’s widow, Theresa of Portugal and France both caused problems.
Prince Henry and Richard would travel to Flanders to oversee the successful change of power. There Richard would meet Theresa of Portugal. The two would bond over a love of Arthurian legends (her having read the works of Chrétien de Troyes and he having grown to love the native welsh legends) and his commitment to learning her language. Richard and Theresa of Portugal would marry, and she would use her influence on the nobility of Flanders to ensure their support going to Prince Henry.
There would be several skirmishes between the English & Flemish forces and the French forces, but in the end Prince Henry would have control of Flanders. Leaving behind Prince Henry, Richard and Theresa would travel to England where Prince Henry’s wife and children were sent to live with him in Flanders.
Richard and Theresa would have one son, named Arthur before Richard's death in 1194.
[3] Whilst England did not, at that point, strictly adhere to a practice of what would later be termed salic law, the accession of a Queen Regnant would be highly unusual. As therefore happened, upon the death of King Richard, his son, Henry of Flanders, had predeceased him and left only daughters. Some at court championed the case of the Dowager Countess, Gertrude, that her eldest daughter (b. 1182), also named Gertrude should succeed to the throne, others championed sixteen year old Edward of Rhuddlan (b. 1178), Richards second eldest son by Margaret of Gwynedd, but this marriage had been annulled and, to all intents and purposes, his children by the marriage had been deligitimised, which to all intents and purposes left the two year old Prince Arthur (b. 1192), supported by his mother's family in Portugal, as the legitimate. This would have placed England into a prolonged sixteen year "Recency" and this was not something that the majority of the Earls and Barons were prepared to consider and thus, a five year period that would later be termed The Brothers War began on the death of King Richard (even though, only two of the claimants were brothers and the other their niece).
The Dowager Countess of Flanders summoned her own allies, from her cousin, Phillip II of France, whilst the Dowager Queen of England summoned her own support from her brother, Sancho of Portugal. The only illegitimate candidate was the eldest and whilst he had support from a great number of the Barons and his uncle, Dafydd of Wales, he found little support across the continent.
The conflict came to a head in 1199 at the Battle of the Solent, a decisive naval battle, and Edward of Rhuddlan, now king Edward I was installed on the throne of England on January 1st 1200.
[4]
Edward of Rhuddlan, spare heir of king Richard I was unlikely to even matter in the future. Born from his second wife, it was supposed that he'd live overshadowed by his popular and widely praised brother, Henry of Flanders. Yet Henry was like a shining copper - good with people, but not that bright and easily manipulated. His alcoholism didn't improve the situation and it was the reason of his untimely demise, when he drunkenly yelled at Flemish knight calling him a son of whore and also trying to maim him, thinking that he is a rebellious peasant. Edward was not heir to the throne, because his father married Theresa of Portugal and set his mother aside, but this did not concern Edward. Young boy, neglected by his father, forced to live in shadow of his brothers - then older, now younger, grew more and more cynical and distrustful, but he was a born warrior, skilled with lance and sword, which won him respect of many. He also (which was unusual for a prince) liked reading, he was said to speak fluently Latin, Greek and even Hebrew. His father often thought about making him a clergyman to nullify his claim, yet it loooked like God punished Richard for his plan by early death. It was the time, where Rhuddlan began to reconquer his throne. Most of the barons, notably from midlands and the north acclaimed him as their king, but Gertrude supporters took over southeastern England, profitting the most from trade with Flanders, while Dowager Queen Theresa and her supporters held firm control over Cornwall and southwestern England. Setting aside his hatred for Theresa of Portugal, he judged Gertrude supported by Flemish and French a bigger threat, so in early 1195, after joining his forces with his uncle, Dafydd of Wales, he sent letters to his cousin Henry, count of Anjou and duke of Aquitaine (OTL Henry Young King), with a proposition of alliance against Philip II and Flemish, which he accepted, absorbing Philip II and his allies for whole 1195, when Edward began cleansing East Anglia from Getrude supporters, which was largely successful, after battle of Cambridge, but thanks to limited Flemish assistance, Gertrude managed to create stronghold in Essex. Meanwhile, Theresa allied with earl of Cornwall, did absolutely nothing besides gaining some Portuguese knights from her brother, but soon these lands will meet Edward's wrath. Not only he ordered to murder every captive from Theresa's side, he also burned every single castle which showed any sign of resistance and sacked every single city which did not immediately surrender, but this terror campaign was largely succesfull and in May 1196 there was a last battle with Theresians near Truro, where Theresa and her son sought refuge, to organize their escape to Portugal. However, Edward was faster and Theresa was forced to resist Edward which didn't end very well. Truro was burned to the ground, it's inhabitants either murdered or resettled, it's wealth robbed, and buildings burned to the ground. Earl of Cornwall and his sons were all put to death by beheading (but perhaps this might be considered mercy), while Theresa and her son were put to a far worse fate, because Arthur was killed by bashing his head against the wall, while his mother was not only raped by a mass of common-born servants of Edward, but purposefully kept starving in the tower, When Sancho of Portugal asked about his sister, he only got three cut fingers of her. It is not known when exactly she died, but she spent the last days of her live constantly raped, tortured and maimed - and slowly going mad. Regarding the civil war, in 1197 Gertrudians with French assistance (they defeated Henry of Aquitaine and Anjou) (@Peppe I was already typing this before you claimed) tried to put up one last attack which resulted in second battle of Cambridge, when Getrudians were defeated, London felt to Edwardian forces and Gertrude fled to Flanders with her daughter, fearing that she'd meet Arthur's fate. 1198 saw coronation of Edward as a king and his marriage to Joan Plantagenet, daughter of Henry of Aquitaine, but in 1199 Gertrudians attempted a naval invasion, resulting in battle of Solante, which was their defeat. Gertrude also developed affection for her cousin which resulted in her marriage to Philip II. It was her consolation while her eldest daughter died, an there was no more reason to keep fighting with Edward, so peace was made in 1200, after birth of Edward and Philip's sons. Later, Edward continued to ruthlessly purge anyone who stood in his way internally, but he also declared a entail regarding succesion which introduced agnatic primogenture to England to prevent another Brother's War. In 1205, Daffyd of Wales died, willing his principality to his nephew, who took control over entirety of Wales, beginning process of full integration. However, cruelty of Edward prompted Welsh to uprising, which happened in 1215, which Edward began to crush using his usual methods - burnign cities and villages, killing captives, flaying their skin. However, mountainous land of Wales made it easier for resistance, so campaign lasted until 1218, when most of resistance was pacified, but Edward himself got killed during a minor skirmish. He left three sons - 18-year old ....... who took the throne after him as ........., 15-year old....... and 8-year old ...............
1135 - 1187: William III Posthumous (House of Normandy) [1]
1187 - 1194: Richard I the Charming (House of Normandy) [2]
1194 - 1199: The Brothers War [3]
1199-1218 Edward I the Cruel (House of Normandy) [4]
[1] William's father, the Duke of Normandy, William Adelin died in the White Ship disaster on November 25, 1120 at the age of 17 when he overloaded the life raft and drowned. His mother, Maltida of Anjou, was only 14 at the time and was also returning to England from Normandy, but was on another ship. She had been married to the heir of the throne since 1119. King Henry I declared the young girl was to be treated as one of his daughters and she remained at his court. It was only a few weeks later it was discovered she was pregnant. Prince William, called the posthumous Prince, was born on August 13, 1121 and became the heir to throne on his birth.
William was raised in Henry's court by his mother with help from his paternal aunt, the Empress Maltida, who returned to the English court after the death of her first husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1125, and her second husband, who also was his mother's brother, Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. When his uncle became the Count of Anjou in 1129, the young prince and his mother often were at the Angevin court instead of the English one.
Upon the death of his grandfather, William was crowned as King William III, but his aunt, the Empress Maltida, was his rejent, as she had previously been the regent in Italy of the Holy Roman Empire during her first husband's reign and thus had experience in government. Of course his mother and uncle also participated in the governing.
In 1139 upon his 18th birthday, William took over running his own kingdom and married Petronilla of Aquitaine, the younger daughter of the late William X, the Duke of Aquitaine, and younger sister of the Queen of France, Eleanor, whose husband Louis VII, had folded the Duchy into his throne.
William concentrated his reign on expanding English claims in Wales and Southern Scotland. He and his Queen had many children with most surviving to adulthood.
When William died the Kingdom was at peace and prosperous. Through the work of his Chancellor, Thomas a Becket, the King had gained power over the Church, appointing Richard of Dover as Archbishop of Canterbury, who cooperated with the King and the Chancellor's insistence that clergy who committed crimes would be tried in royal courts not by the Church.
[2] Richard was born in 1141, the second child and eldest son of William and Petronilla. From a young age, perhaps 7, Richard accompanied William on his travels throughout his domains. This is where Richard gained his appreciation for the varied languages that were found throughout England, Wales, Southern Scotland, and Normandy.
The young Prince’s desire to learn even the most obscure dialect charmed his father’s subjects and is widely believed to be a determining factor in the peace found during the later part of the reign of William III.
Late in the year 1160, Prince Richard married his first wife Margaret of Flanders. They would have five children before her death of childbed fever in 1172. After five years as a widower (during which Richard had many a mistress and bastard children) Richard would remarry Margaret of Gwynedd as part of a double wedding (One of Richard's many sisters, Princess Matilda, would be marrying Edward ab Owain Gwynedd) and peace agreement with Owain Gynedd.
Richard and Margaret of Gwynedd would have three children before Margaret of Gwynedd left him and returned to her father’s house. Thankfully the marriage of Princess Matilda and Edward was much happier and peace held. The marriage of Richard and Margaret would be annulled by Richard of Dover the Archbishop of Canterbury.
In 1187, Richard was crowned King. Not much changed, Richard continued to travel his vast lands accompanied by one or more of his various children.
In 1190 Philip Count of Flanders would die during his second crusade. This left Richard’s eldest son as the new Count of Flanders. But there was opposition to Prince Henry taking control of his inheritance. Philip’s widow, Theresa of Portugal and France both caused problems.
Prince Henry and Richard would travel to Flanders to oversee the successful change of power. There Richard would meet Theresa of Portugal. The two would bond over a love of Arthurian legends (her having read the works of Chrétien de Troyes and he having grown to love the native welsh legends) and his commitment to learning her language. Richard and Theresa of Portugal would marry, and she would use her influence on the nobility of Flanders to ensure their support going to Prince Henry.
There would be several skirmishes between the English & Flemish forces and the French forces, but in the end Prince Henry would have control of Flanders. Leaving behind Prince Henry, Richard and Theresa would travel to England where Prince Henry’s wife and children were sent to live with him in Flanders.
Richard and Theresa would have one son, named Arthur before Richard's death in 1194.
[3] Whilst England did not, at that point, strictly adhere to a practice of what would later be termed salic law, the accession of a Queen Regnant would be highly unusual. As therefore happened, upon the death of King Richard, his son, Henry of Flanders, had predeceased him and left only daughters. Some at court championed the case of the Dowager Countess, Gertrude, that her eldest daughter (b. 1182), also named Gertrude should succeed to the throne, others championed sixteen year old Edward of Rhuddlan (b. 1178), Richards second eldest son by Margaret of Gwynedd, but this marriage had been annulled and, to all intents and purposes, his children by the marriage had been deligitimised, which to all intents and purposes left the two year old Prince Arthur (b. 1192), supported by his mother's family in Portugal, as the legitimate. This would have placed England into a prolonged sixteen year "Recency" and this was not something that the majority of the Earls and Barons were prepared to consider and thus, a five year period that would later be termed The Brothers War began on the death of King Richard (even though, only two of the claimants were brothers and the other their niece).
The Dowager Countess of Flanders summoned her own allies, from her cousin, Phillip II of France, whilst the Dowager Queen of England summoned her own support from her brother, Sancho of Portugal. The only illegitimate candidate was the eldest and whilst he had support from a great number of the Barons and his uncle, Dafydd of Wales, he found little support across the continent.
The conflict came to a head in 1199 at the Battle of the Solent, a decisive naval battle, and Edward of Rhuddlan, now king Edward I was installed on the throne of England on January 1st 1200.
[4]
Edward of Rhuddlan, spare heir of king Richard I was unlikely to even matter in the future. Born from his second wife, it was supposed that he'd live overshadowed by his popular and widely praised brother, Henry of Flanders. Yet Henry was like a shining copper - good with people, but not that bright and easily manipulated. His alcoholism didn't improve the situation and it was the reason of his untimely demise, when he drunkenly yelled at Flemish knight calling him a son of whore and also trying to maim him, thinking that he is a rebellious peasant. Edward was not heir to the throne, because his father married Theresa of Portugal and set his mother aside, but this did not concern Edward. Young boy, neglected by his father, forced to live in shadow of his brothers - then older, now younger, grew more and more cynical and distrustful, but he was a born warrior, skilled with lance and sword, which won him respect of many. He also (which was unusual for a prince) liked reading, he was said to speak fluently Latin, Greek and even Hebrew. His father often thought about making him a clergyman to nullify his claim, yet it loooked like God punished Richard for his plan by early death. It was the time, where Rhuddlan began to reconquer his throne. Most of the barons, notably from midlands and the north acclaimed him as their king, but Gertrude supporters took over southeastern England, profitting the most from trade with Flanders, while Dowager Queen Theresa and her supporters held firm control over Cornwall and southwestern England. Setting aside his hatred for Theresa of Portugal, he judged Gertrude supported by Flemish and French a bigger threat, so in early 1195, after joining his forces with his uncle, Dafydd of Wales, he sent letters to his cousin Henry, count of Anjou and duke of Aquitaine (OTL Henry Young King), with a proposition of alliance against Philip II and Flemish, which he accepted, absorbing Philip II and his allies for whole 1195, when Edward began cleansing East Anglia from Getrude supporters, which was largely successful, after battle of Cambridge, but thanks to limited Flemish assistance, Gertrude managed to create stronghold in Essex. Meanwhile, Theresa allied with earl of Cornwall, did absolutely nothing besides gaining some Portuguese knights from her brother, but soon these lands will meet Edward's wrath. Not only he ordered to murder every captive from Theresa's side, he also burned every single castle which showed any sign of resistance and sacked every single city which did not immediately surrender, but this terror campaign was largely succesfull and in May 1196 there was a last battle with Theresians near Truro, where Theresa and her son sought refuge, to organize their escape to Portugal. However, Edward was faster and Theresa was forced to resist Edward which didn't end very well. Truro was burned to the ground, it's inhabitants either murdered or resettled, it's wealth robbed, and buildings burned to the ground. Earl of Cornwall and his sons were all put to death by beheading (but perhaps this might be considered mercy), while Theresa and her son were put to a far worse fate, because Arthur was killed by bashing his head against the wall, while his mother was not only raped by a mass of common-born servants of Edward, but purposefully kept starving in the tower, When Sancho of Portugal asked about his sister, he only got three cut fingers of her. It is not known when exactly she died, but she spent the last days of her live constantly raped, tortured and maimed - and slowly going mad. Regarding the civil war, in 1197 Gertrudians with French assistance (they defeated Henry of Aquitaine and Anjou) (@Peppe I was already typing this before you claimed) tried to put up one last attack which resulted in second battle of Cambridge, when Getrudians were defeated, London felt to Edwardian forces and Gertrude fled to Flanders with her daughter, fearing that she'd meet Arthur's fate. 1198 saw coronation of Edward as a king and his marriage to Joan Plantagenet, daughter of Henry of Aquitaine, but in 1199 Gertrudians attempted a naval invasion, resulting in battle of Solante, which was their defeat. Gertrude also developed affection for her cousin which resulted in her marriage to Philip II. It was her consolation while her eldest daughter died, an there was no more reason to keep fighting with Edward, so peace was made in 1200, after birth of Edward and Philip's sons. Later, Edward continued to ruthlessly purge anyone who stood in his way internally, but he also declared a entail regarding succesion which introduced agnatic primogenture to England to prevent another Brother's War. In 1205, Daffyd of Wales died, willing his principality to his nephew, who took control over entirety of Wales, beginning process of full integration. However, cruelty of Edward prompted Welsh to uprising, which happened in 1215, which Edward began to crush using his usual methods - burnign cities and villages, killing captives, flaying their skin. However, mountainous land of Wales made it easier for resistance, so campaign lasted until 1218, when most of resistance was pacified, but Edward himself got killed during a minor skirmish. He left three sons - 18-year old ....... who took the throne after him as ........., 15-year old....... and 8-year old ...............
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@Zygmunt Stary you're not supposed to specify the name of your monarch's successor. That is upto the next poster