Let The Eagle Scream!

Does America enter WWI?

  • Yes

    Votes: 20 71.4%
  • No

    Votes: 8 28.6%

  • Total voters
    28
  • Poll closed .
Colonialism with Nationalist Socialist Characteristics: India in Oman and Yemen
Colonialism with Nationalist Socialist Characteristics: India in Oman and Yemen

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A scene in Muscat (1982)

India is unique among the empires of the world for one reason; it denies the existence of said empire. Even the Americans, who normally proclaim their empire to be a product of necessity rather than power, admit that such a thing exists. This denial exists because the revolution which formed modern India was quite explicitly, violently anti-colonial. As a result of this empire denialism, India's imperial projects would take on a unique shape. They were much less explicitly based on a hierarchical relationship between colony and metropole, client and master, but the dichotomy did still exist. The first and most vivid example of this practice would be found in Oman and Yemen.

These two nations were essentially given to India as a sphere of influence following the collapse of the UOCS and the German invasion of Saudi Arabia. At first glance, they were hardly a prize. Both nations had been backwaters, except for a few periods where the UOCS had developed a few oil fields in Oman to solidify their dominance of the global oil market. Compounding matters, the Houthi tribe of Yemen decided that this chaotic period was the perfect time to try and assert their more radical religious views. In March 1978, Indian troops marched into the region to try and stabilize the situation. While their military was not as advanced as those of the superpowers, it was powerful enough. Oman was fairly easy to stabilize as the country's population flocked to Indian promises of development. Yemen took about two years to restore order to, but the concentration of Indian efforts, aid from Italy, and the exhaustion of the Yemeni people meant that by New Year's Day in 1980, the Indian government could proudly announce a massive rollback in operations in Yemen. Now that the region was pacified, the real work could begin.

The Nationalist Socialist Republic of Oman and the Nationalist Socialist Republic of Yemen were both declared on February 12th and April 20th respectively. Although partially imposed by India, these moves were popular enough, the old elites having discredited themselves. With a governing structure in place, India, under President Indira Gandhi, began its grand project in the region. Despite the protestations of her administration and some altruistic intentions, it was undoubtedly imperialist in nature. In Oman, the Indian backed regime received billions of dollars to develop and retool their oil infrastructure. The biggest beneficiary of this was in fact India, as they specifically ensured that Oman's new oil infrastructure would be perfectly equipped to load oil up onto tankers bound for India. In Yemen, the nation's massive natural gas reserves were seen as a top priority for Indian development. Several natural gas liquefaction plants were established in the country to build up the natural gas industry. The bulk of this gas was sold to India at fairly cheap rates, which the regime utilized to help electrify the country. This supplemented India's coal fired plants with something a bit cleaner burning, and also prevented energy deficits as the country modernized. However, the Indians did make sure that each nation set aside enough oil/natural gas to meet their energy needs, though these were comparatively small.

Aside from petrochemicals, the Indians helped the Omani and Yemeni people build desalination plants and new irrigation systems to help ensure water security. This had the added benefit of helping facilitate agriculture in the region, especially in Yemen. In fact, better irrigation helped Yemen build up larger cotton growing farms, which eventually turned into the creation of a domestic textile industry. Other light and consumer industries were built up in the region as well, under Indian leadership. By 1990, Yemen and Oman were some of the most developed regions of the Middle East. However, this development wound up creating some huge ethnic complications.

Quite simply put, the Omani and Yemeni people did not have a natural class of educated workers to run the factories, modern farms, desalination plants, or oil and natural gas facilities. However, India did, and this class had grown hugely since independence, with the government facilitating the training of hundreds of thousands of poor Indians in industrial operations of all kinds as part of the broader modernization project. What this meant is that they now had a huge class of people who were trained to manage these facilities, and India also had a native intellectual class thanks to Victorian policies, although it had shrunk due to colonialist persecution. Rather than take the time to train the native populations, the NPRI instead got their still weak allies to allow mass immigration from India. In 1980, India had some 890 million people. Oman and Yemen collectively had around 9 million. Hundreds of thousands of Indian workers, managers, engineers, agricultural experts and their families flooded into the region. The result was demographic upheaval. Oman, that had a native population of around 1.1 million in 1980, had a population of close to 4.5 million by 1990. Only 1.8 million of that 4.5 million was composed of the original population of the country and their children. In Yemen, a native population of around 8 million grew to 11 million by 1990, but was joined by about 3.75 million Indians. This was incredibly unpopular in the Muslim world. The Muslim majority northwestern part of India saw rumblings of insurgency, and discussions of independence became mainstream. In Yemen and Oman, anti-Indian insurgencies cropped up, resulting in the installation of 8 permanent military bases in the region by 1990. The violence was by no means one-sided. In India proper, Hindu majority security forces clamped down on insurgencies with varying degrees of force. In Oman and Yemen, it wasn't unheard of for the Hindu majority settlers to engage in "repayment riots" against the native population. The government did its best to keep a lid on things, and made gestures towards accommodating Muslim concerns in Yemen and the northwest. However, what was done was done. By 1990, Oman and Yemen were officially bilingual, with all signs and documents being made in Hindi and Arabic. The Indian settler populations continued to dominate. Hindu shrines appeared alongside mosques. For all intents and purposes, Oman and Yemen became extensions of Hindu majority India.

World reaction to these developments was mixed. Italy was impressed by their young ally's empire-building, and Prime Minister Esposito is alleged to have said "It is good we are allied to India, for in 20 years they could well exceed us." Germany was horrified at the creation of what were essentially Indian colonies to the south of their most volatile holdings, but also thrilled that rising anti-Hindu sentiment took the Muslim world's hatred off of them a bit. China disliked the fact that their enemy had grown in strength and gained a foothold in the Middle East but also saw India as a model for future colonial exploits. The US was generally ambivalent, but began to view Indian expansionism as a threat. Iran solidified its border with India to contain insurgents, and also to prove a point to India. Despite the alleged anti-colonial stance of the Indian government, they had fully joined the club of imperial powers.

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Apartments for Indian settlers outside of Muscat (1985)

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Lt. General Darsh Singh, Head Commander of the Mideast Forward Army Deployment, stationed in Oman and Yemen

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Oil rigs in Oman (1983)
 
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This was excellent and I could see the indian style of development used in other places.

Thanks! Yeah, I took a lot of inspiration from some things the Soviets did. Of course the difference here is that India has a comfortable Hindu majority that is much bigger than the population of these countries, whereas it was never so lopsided in the USSR.

I think the people you're most likely to see replicate this are the Chinese, first internally and then in Mongolia and elsewhere.
 
Gott Mit Uns Meets All Under Heaven: The Sino-German Friendship and the New Tripolar Order
There's been a lot of confusion over Malaysia since I never formally said what happened to them. I decided on this course of action, so any previous claims to the contrary are retconned. Sorry for the confusion, I goofed big time.

Gott Mit Uns Meets All Under Heaven: The Sino-German Friendship and the New Tripolar Order

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German colonial troops in a parade celebrating Sino-German friendship (1983)

By the start of the 1980's, China and Germany were the last two traditionalist/conservative great powers left. The Americans were fully embracing multi-racialism, and even a limited kind of multi-culturalism. The Italians were fully integrating their empire using a mix of Neo-Romanism and traditional Italian libertinism. India was an openly revolutionary state that made a big show of its fairly tolerant ethnic policies, even as Hindus continued to dominate. The old paradigm of empire building where there was a hierarchy based on race, ethnicity, and culture had evolved into something quite different, even if those hierarchies weren't fully shaken. Even China and Germany had evolved somewhat, although nowhere near as much as the others. With this common thread of traditional imperialism, and the geopolitical developments of the 70's, the world's two great conservative powers would come together.

Perhaps the biggest immediate cause of the Sino-German alliance was the partnering of India and Italy. That alliance was itself built on a combination of anti-German sentiment and realpolitik. Both India and Italy had been abused in some way at the hands of the Germans, and partnering have Italy reach in Asia and India reach in Europe and Africa. As this alliance developed and matured, Germany and China found themselves bound together out of a mutual hatred of the Italians and Indians. Germany had bad blood with India over the violent decolonization process, and viewed Italy as an ungrateful former ally that needed to be humiliated. China didn't have much of a rivalry with Italy, but possessed a huge rivalry for India, one of their biggest obstacles to hegemony in Asia, and Italy wound up being tarred with guilt by association. Germany and China both feared that this rising alliance could seriously jeopardize their core interests.

So it was in May of 1978 that a series of secretive negotiations between the Chinese and German government took place, resulting in the creation of the Sino-German Accords. Officially, these accords established a fairly equal alliance, including intelligence sharing, basing rights, and an agreement for mutual defense. Unofficially, the two powers had divided up the Eastern Hemisphere into spheres of influence. Germany was given unilateral control over all of Europe as their rightful domain. Africa too was privileged for Germany, although Chinese corporations were to be allowed privileges in Germany's colonies and, later, puppets in the region. Asia was given to China. Germany was serious about honoring this, and proved it by engaging in the first example of so-called "Controlled Decolonization." Germany had picked up British Malaya after the Second World War, but the colony had always been fairly peripheral to German interests. Germany formally announced it was quitting Malaysia on June 1st, 1978, and laid out a two year transition plan. In reality, Malaysia transformed from a German colony into a Chinese puppet state. The Germans also began pressuring the Dutch to quit Indonesia, which was increasingly becoming more trouble than it was worth. In 1985, Amsterdam caved to Berlin and reality, and announced a three year plan for decolonization. Again, the "independent nation" became a vassal of China. The popularity of these regimes would decline after the initial exuberance of independence wore off, but China proved more than capable of keeping these new vassals in line.

Economically, the Sino-German alliance was hugely beneficial, and just what each nation needed after the dislocation caused by the chaos of the 70's and the severing of ties with old allies. Trade boomed as Germany and China's vast network of colonies and clients kept raw materials dirt cheap, and the vast labor force of China allowed consumer good prices to fall like never before. This was perfect for Germany as the nation started to transition to a more service based economy, while the boom in manufacturing helped fuel China's continuing rise. With all this trade occuring, cultural exchanges arose as well. Germany went through a period of strong Sinophilia, while the Chinese began to replace much of their old Americophilia with Germanophilia. Certain Confucianist teachings regarding the proper role of family, citizen, and state proved very popular in Germany, while Prussian-style militarism infected the culture of highly nationalist China. Music, clothes, and food all took influences from one another as well.

With the creation of the Sino-German Alliance, the post-UOCS world order was solidified. There had been much speculation about how the world was going to look after the UOCS. Some predicted a bipolar slugging match between America and Germany that would end in a unipolar moment after one Empire was defeated. Others thought a unipolar moment would occur naturally, with one of the two rivals claiming Russia as their sole ally, thus affording either side unparalleled control over Eurasia. Instead, what happened was essentially a recreated tripolar world order. Italy and India formed a powerful Bloc in favor of a looser interpretation of old-school imperialism (although the Indians would never admit that), that promised Italian domination of the Mediterranean and Indian power in Asia. The Chinese and Germans themselves essentially favored a version of old-fashioned imperialism adapted just enough to allow native buy-in, and envisioned a hierarchical world were Germany was again undisputed master of Europe and Africa while China dominated Asia. The Americans formed the third bloc in this equation. Tied to neither of the two bilateral alliances but willing to cooperate with both as needed, America became the "swing vote" in global geopolitics. No one could assail America in the Western Hemisphere, even if Italy had a couple allies in South America. America's network of allies, colonies, and de facto client states allowed it the ability to influence events on every continent. When an outside mediator was needed between the two power blocs, the US was inevitably the one who was called. However, American ambitions could also temporarily unite the two rivals. Although the US was no longer in the market for colonies, American ambition was greater than ever. Policymakers and citizens on both left and right became convinced for the need for Novus Ordo Seclorum, or A New Order for The Ages. The specifics varied depending on one's political orientation, and how to build this order was a point of contention, but the basic scheme was this: a liberal world order that promoted liberal democracy, ethnic and religious tolerance, free trade, and put an end to great power competition by making American power such an unassailable force that no one would bother competing. That last point might seem hypocritical, but OSS Director George Romney's address to the West Point Graduating Class of 1979 explains the American perspective:

"Graduates, allow me to be the first to congratulate you on your graduation from our nation's finest military academy. You are the best and brightest our nation has to offer. You come from the frozen tundra of the Yukon, the wide expanses of Montana, and the blazing tropics of Cuba. You are America. And like America, you have been given a great and glorious task. The story of the past 100 years of human history is the story of constant competition between various great empires. This competition is continuing to this day. But what has the human race won from this competition? Two world wars, a horrifying totalitarian theocracy that had to be put down like a rabid dog, genocide, and the constant threat of nuclear annihilation. How are we to end this sorry state? Paradoxically, by winning at the game of great power struggle. The most peaceful period of European history was that period in which Rome was an unequalled hegemon. If we can grasp their mantle, we can enforce their peace, and bring freedom and security to the family of nations. The world needs Uncle Sam gents. Go out and bring him to them. I trust in your abilities, and so too does your country. God bless you, and God bless America, Our Union Forever!"

The New Shadow War was beginning.

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Chinese troops in Indonesia during the First Intervention (1996)

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Shanghai in 1987. The city would become the world's fastest growing city for years, as German industry fueled development.


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A German jet fighter helping China during the First Indonesian Intervention (1995)
 
interesting continent in pacific will be very interesting and with china having thing in india ocean that will undoubtedly be a new battlezone
 
I see a mention of a first Inodenisan intervention. I assume this mean that several of the Indonesia ethnic groups try to brake off form inodenia and form their own countries. I hope some of them succed and that at least one of joins the american bloc and atleast one of becomes a naitonal socilist state and joins the Indian/ Italain bloc
 
I see a mention of a first Inodenisan intervention. I assume this mean that several of the Indonesia ethnic groups try to brake off form inodenia and form their own countries. I hope some of them succed and that at least one of joins the american bloc and atleast one of becomes a naitonal socilist state and joins the Indian/ Italain bloc
How is canda these days. Has the unist elements be thougly expoused by these days. How does canada view America

Indonesia isn't going to break apart, just be unstable. They're not exactly fans of the Chinese historically. Canada is doing ok, but it's definitely a ghost of its former self. Canada is essentially an American satellite state, not necessarily enthusiastic about it.
 
More coming soon! I just got settled into my dorm
Looking foward to seeing you update let the eagle scream. I hope hope I won't regrett the following. I hope to see you update pax amotica two soon as well, since you upated it in the past two months. If you want I can assist in the revival by making a contry bio for you and pming it you to so you can review and make any change you want to it. I feel I got a good idea for the reformed republic of korea
 
Hey guys, an update.

The more I think about this TL, the more it feels.... Idk, kinda ramshackle and thrown together. However, it also has potential. But for that to happen, I need to start fresh.

Which is why after talking about it for awhile, I'm going to forge ahead on the redux. There'll be some big changes from TTL, a lot, but the premise will remain roughly the same. I'm going to have it up soon, possibly today. This was a hard decision to make, but it was the right one imo. I'll make sure to post a link here once it's up.
 
Hey guys, an update.

The more I think about this TL, the more it feels.... Idk, kinda ramshackle and thrown together. However, it also has potential. But for that to happen, I need to start fresh.

Which is why after talking about it for awhile, I'm going to forge ahead on the redux. There'll be some big changes from TTL, a lot, but the premise will remain roughly the same. I'm going to have it up soon, possibly today. This was a hard decision to make, but it was the right one imo. I'll make sure to post a link here once it's up.
I look forward to it
 
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