battle of Autas
After Justinian the northern confederation, many Arabs were wary of crossing towards the ghassanid kingdom or Roman Mesopotamia, having nowhere else to go but Arabia the era of migrations was ending, and new leaders had new ideas.
The north Arabian confederation was made up of the nomadic Annizah, the Bakr bin Wa'il and its cadet branches the Banu Ijl and Banu Yashkur, the Tay living in al hira, ruled by Hayyah II whose grandfather conquer the area from the Sassanid in 650 during the war and helped Constans in his endeavor
However Constantine's annexation proved to be dangerous so much so that the Taay and Bakr bin Wa’il, also united against the Romans were the Ibād and other Nestorians that lived in the old Lakhmid, these were the bulk of the confederations army as cities revolted and they sent their forces, some of the Banu Qays, Banu Tamin, Banu Tay, Banu Abs, and some forces of the Taemin, while the branch of the Banu Tayy the Al Jadila and the Taghlib along with, the Banu Kalbs joined the ghassanid and Tanukhids Romans or opposed the confederation.
After Justinian crushed the Mesopotamian rebellions and the Arab confederation the Annizah would be nearly destroyed few sources mention them after the battle, Banu Bark was greatly weakened, while those who joined the Romans Banu Taghlib, parts of the Banu Tamim, and the Al Jadila Taay, branches were rewarded the Taghlib fell under influence the ghassanids who also gained control over the territory of Anizzah, while the Taghlib and the Banu Kalbs, taay were given the roman title of patrikos as well as Bahram who converted to Christianity.
Heraclius with the ghassanids the Al Jadilah Taay, Taghlibids, and Bahram kick out the Al Hira Taay and these went back to Jabal Salma due to this another conflict started with the Jabal Taay when they were attacked by Heraclius, king of the ghassanids Amr V ibn Jabalah with support of the Taghlibs, Kalbs and after a short two-year-long war these were forced to migrate The same was with the Banu Abs were also attacked but Heraclius ruler of Mesopotamia forced peace between the Banu Abs and Tamin.
706-727
The Taay were forced to migrate some moved to the area of Qays others to the area of Hanifa and Banu Abs, some of them went even further by 722 the first arrived at the ex-Sassanid province of Mazun revolted but were crushed it but they were spared now the new migrants helped the king brother to take the throne from his brother and they became his guard.
705-726 Hejaz
I the north, in the area of what used to be the Lakhmid kingdom, was raided but after Justinian II despite his uncle's suggestion, the emperor made reprisals against the local the Ibād and other Nestorians, selling some of the rebels to slavery one of these minor nobles fled with the Taay out of Mesopotamia leading some 600? men to the desert, he settled he was refused and threatened by Banu Numayr and Abs he then settled in the Njad but there he got into conflict with the Banu Sulaym due to a raid their forces did, with the leader death they expected them to be killed, however, his son took his place, he was more ambitions, he rallied the troops moving south as he had angered the tribe who part of the powerful Qay confederation even though unknown to him there were divisions as some tribes were wary of the growing power of the Meccans while the Banu Sulaym were there allies, still the Nestorians continued till Hejaz and when they asked the Banū Thaqīf for refuge but were refused and war broke in 712
Overconfident in their numbers the citizens of Tā'if met the 2000-strong force of the Ibād-Taay force outside of the city outnumbering them 4 to 1 little is known about this battle but after a feign retreat the Ibad force managed to route the force back to the city wall soon the force was laid under siege but the Ibad had no siege engines and tried to assault the city and decided to sent word to the Banu Hawazan but was rejected they sent an army fearing that they were allies of the Quraysh, the Tā'if, sent word to their trade rivals the Quraysh, they received news that the army was from the Njad he saw it as their rival the Banu Nasr clan of Hawazin, the Quraysh had been the dominant force since they won the Fijar War they were major economic power, another series of minor conflicts with the Hawazin tribes and from 651 to 655 another war broke out called the second Ḥarb al-fijār both sides hired some expelled arabs from Yemen by the Aksumites.
This was only a nominal victory for the Hawazin as they defeated the Quraysh at Autas however they knew they could not gain any more than the reduction of control over Taif and the trade of the Njad, how ever in the following the war their power also grew to the north and they slowly more control of the tribe to their south weakening them, they even tried to conquer the city but the siege in 677? failed despite that they gained more lands in the area and by the 8th century they had recovered and even gained more power making the surrounding region pay tribute
By the time the migrants of the northeast arrived he Quraysh agreed to wait as to send their army so that they then might safe or take advantage of the siege them allowing them to fully incorporate the south by weakening the strongest city, unknow to them this would have massive ramifications for Arabia, the leader of the Ibād said to the slaves that would grant them freedom this combined with a night assault allow the Nestorian army to take the city, the Christians saw the idol of the goddess Allāt, who was then known as "the lady of Tā'if, destroyed it with that he declared that it was their land, once conquered the leader made peace he had alienated the pagans with the destruction of their idols however he convinced some to join them to fight against the domination of the Quraysh.
After the victory, the Hawazin joined the new settlers since they offered to help end the Quarishy domination against the Quraysh as they went to deal with them, they found it was a Christian force with more anther 1000 men were sent to 2000 that already sieged the city the reinforcements were attacked and beaten by the Hawazin, sporadic fighting occurred in the first year, the kingdom used the time to consolidate and raid the areas as the Banu Amir, Hawazin and Banū Khuzaʽah attacked the Quraysh with victories and defeats from those who opposed the Quraysh and Kināna
The war lasted 6 years and its most notable battles been at Hunayn which was a major defeat for the Quraysh but the battle of Nakhla the anti-Quraysh alliance, war ended with the weakening of the Quraysh losing their absolute control over western Arabian trade of the Njad and lost the Ta'if's trade they controlled.
However the Quraysh remained in a very powerful position and with the full intent to destroy their monotheistic neighbors as showed by their dislike of Usman ibn Huwayrith, a more recent preacher who died from disease nearly a century ago also the byzantine and Aksumite preachers did not gain attention, also it was showed by the persecution of new cults around the area that threaten the unity of the collation that of a certain prophet who was killed shortly after his uncle could not longer protect him and he fled the city were his army was crushed.
a peace issued but only lasted a year in 722 war started again between them, some 1000 Ibād forces comprising mostly of infantry with 30 cavalry and 10 camels, met the Quraysh at Autas having 3000 forces also mostly comprised of infantry with 120 cavalry and 40 camels.
Their leader Malik challenged one of the enemy leaders Ali ibn Harith which he killed and after he cut his arm he killed him, two more duels ensued and the Nestorians won them all the pagans attacked and the men received their attacks were Malik cried for God to deliver them from the pagans, their morale was high due to the example of the leader and their religious vigor in a counter-attack they broke the center forcing the pagans to flee, the Nestorians suffered 56 casualties and the pagans some 60 with a further 80 more captured.
In the retreat, the Nestorians captured many of their leaders of the 80 people they captured they executed 17 ransomed leaders but they offered freedom to anyone who joined them and even better treatment if they converted, some did but many were just ransomed back or sold into slavery, this battle was to have massive implications for the region of Hejaz the previous war had saved the new domains and this battle finally turned Malik from a smart but opportunistic outcast into a leader capable of defending his realm the other Arabs now recognized the power and their new position, the victory also made members of Banu Thaqif accepting the new rulers due to their prestige some of them even converted.
The north Arabian confederation was made up of the nomadic Annizah, the Bakr bin Wa'il and its cadet branches the Banu Ijl and Banu Yashkur, the Tay living in al hira, ruled by Hayyah II whose grandfather conquer the area from the Sassanid in 650 during the war and helped Constans in his endeavor
However Constantine's annexation proved to be dangerous so much so that the Taay and Bakr bin Wa’il, also united against the Romans were the Ibād and other Nestorians that lived in the old Lakhmid, these were the bulk of the confederations army as cities revolted and they sent their forces, some of the Banu Qays, Banu Tamin, Banu Tay, Banu Abs, and some forces of the Taemin, while the branch of the Banu Tayy the Al Jadila and the Taghlib along with, the Banu Kalbs joined the ghassanid and Tanukhids Romans or opposed the confederation.
After Justinian crushed the Mesopotamian rebellions and the Arab confederation the Annizah would be nearly destroyed few sources mention them after the battle, Banu Bark was greatly weakened, while those who joined the Romans Banu Taghlib, parts of the Banu Tamim, and the Al Jadila Taay, branches were rewarded the Taghlib fell under influence the ghassanids who also gained control over the territory of Anizzah, while the Taghlib and the Banu Kalbs, taay were given the roman title of patrikos as well as Bahram who converted to Christianity.
Heraclius with the ghassanids the Al Jadilah Taay, Taghlibids, and Bahram kick out the Al Hira Taay and these went back to Jabal Salma due to this another conflict started with the Jabal Taay when they were attacked by Heraclius, king of the ghassanids Amr V ibn Jabalah with support of the Taghlibs, Kalbs and after a short two-year-long war these were forced to migrate The same was with the Banu Abs were also attacked but Heraclius ruler of Mesopotamia forced peace between the Banu Abs and Tamin.
706-727
The Taay were forced to migrate some moved to the area of Qays others to the area of Hanifa and Banu Abs, some of them went even further by 722 the first arrived at the ex-Sassanid province of Mazun revolted but were crushed it but they were spared now the new migrants helped the king brother to take the throne from his brother and they became his guard.
705-726 Hejaz
I the north, in the area of what used to be the Lakhmid kingdom, was raided but after Justinian II despite his uncle's suggestion, the emperor made reprisals against the local the Ibād and other Nestorians, selling some of the rebels to slavery one of these minor nobles fled with the Taay out of Mesopotamia leading some 600? men to the desert, he settled he was refused and threatened by Banu Numayr and Abs he then settled in the Njad but there he got into conflict with the Banu Sulaym due to a raid their forces did, with the leader death they expected them to be killed, however, his son took his place, he was more ambitions, he rallied the troops moving south as he had angered the tribe who part of the powerful Qay confederation even though unknown to him there were divisions as some tribes were wary of the growing power of the Meccans while the Banu Sulaym were there allies, still the Nestorians continued till Hejaz and when they asked the Banū Thaqīf for refuge but were refused and war broke in 712
Overconfident in their numbers the citizens of Tā'if met the 2000-strong force of the Ibād-Taay force outside of the city outnumbering them 4 to 1 little is known about this battle but after a feign retreat the Ibad force managed to route the force back to the city wall soon the force was laid under siege but the Ibad had no siege engines and tried to assault the city and decided to sent word to the Banu Hawazan but was rejected they sent an army fearing that they were allies of the Quraysh, the Tā'if, sent word to their trade rivals the Quraysh, they received news that the army was from the Njad he saw it as their rival the Banu Nasr clan of Hawazin, the Quraysh had been the dominant force since they won the Fijar War they were major economic power, another series of minor conflicts with the Hawazin tribes and from 651 to 655 another war broke out called the second Ḥarb al-fijār both sides hired some expelled arabs from Yemen by the Aksumites.
This was only a nominal victory for the Hawazin as they defeated the Quraysh at Autas however they knew they could not gain any more than the reduction of control over Taif and the trade of the Njad, how ever in the following the war their power also grew to the north and they slowly more control of the tribe to their south weakening them, they even tried to conquer the city but the siege in 677? failed despite that they gained more lands in the area and by the 8th century they had recovered and even gained more power making the surrounding region pay tribute
By the time the migrants of the northeast arrived he Quraysh agreed to wait as to send their army so that they then might safe or take advantage of the siege them allowing them to fully incorporate the south by weakening the strongest city, unknow to them this would have massive ramifications for Arabia, the leader of the Ibād said to the slaves that would grant them freedom this combined with a night assault allow the Nestorian army to take the city, the Christians saw the idol of the goddess Allāt, who was then known as "the lady of Tā'if, destroyed it with that he declared that it was their land, once conquered the leader made peace he had alienated the pagans with the destruction of their idols however he convinced some to join them to fight against the domination of the Quraysh.
After the victory, the Hawazin joined the new settlers since they offered to help end the Quarishy domination against the Quraysh as they went to deal with them, they found it was a Christian force with more anther 1000 men were sent to 2000 that already sieged the city the reinforcements were attacked and beaten by the Hawazin, sporadic fighting occurred in the first year, the kingdom used the time to consolidate and raid the areas as the Banu Amir, Hawazin and Banū Khuzaʽah attacked the Quraysh with victories and defeats from those who opposed the Quraysh and Kināna
The war lasted 6 years and its most notable battles been at Hunayn which was a major defeat for the Quraysh but the battle of Nakhla the anti-Quraysh alliance, war ended with the weakening of the Quraysh losing their absolute control over western Arabian trade of the Njad and lost the Ta'if's trade they controlled.
However the Quraysh remained in a very powerful position and with the full intent to destroy their monotheistic neighbors as showed by their dislike of Usman ibn Huwayrith, a more recent preacher who died from disease nearly a century ago also the byzantine and Aksumite preachers did not gain attention, also it was showed by the persecution of new cults around the area that threaten the unity of the collation that of a certain prophet who was killed shortly after his uncle could not longer protect him and he fled the city were his army was crushed.
a peace issued but only lasted a year in 722 war started again between them, some 1000 Ibād forces comprising mostly of infantry with 30 cavalry and 10 camels, met the Quraysh at Autas having 3000 forces also mostly comprised of infantry with 120 cavalry and 40 camels.
Their leader Malik challenged one of the enemy leaders Ali ibn Harith which he killed and after he cut his arm he killed him, two more duels ensued and the Nestorians won them all the pagans attacked and the men received their attacks were Malik cried for God to deliver them from the pagans, their morale was high due to the example of the leader and their religious vigor in a counter-attack they broke the center forcing the pagans to flee, the Nestorians suffered 56 casualties and the pagans some 60 with a further 80 more captured.
In the retreat, the Nestorians captured many of their leaders of the 80 people they captured they executed 17 ransomed leaders but they offered freedom to anyone who joined them and even better treatment if they converted, some did but many were just ransomed back or sold into slavery, this battle was to have massive implications for the region of Hejaz the previous war had saved the new domains and this battle finally turned Malik from a smart but opportunistic outcast into a leader capable of defending his realm the other Arabs now recognized the power and their new position, the victory also made members of Banu Thaqif accepting the new rulers due to their prestige some of them even converted.
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