It is true that
Veneto,
Doria and
Cesare all escaped damage and that they were "inside" the ring formed by the three battleships that were hit. However, maps like this can be misleading because they may give a wrong sense of scale. As we can see in
this picture, with the right angle of approach, an attack on the interior ships can be achieved (and was attempted on the
Vittorio Veneto).
Also there is the fact that simply more damage on the three ships that were historically hit would represent a better outcome. Indeed, if they all can be permanently put out of action, it would significantly impair the Italian capacity to conduct offensive operations.