Fatboy Coxy
Monthly Donor
Hi Parma, thank you, and no mate, you keep moaningWell the success of the Dutch submarines, in history is done by single, solo operating submarines there for you might think that it will be more succesfull when applied to division of three boats.
The covering of one submarine by other submarines is never done or at least not done by purpose due to the fact that other nations never worked in submarine divisons as the Dutch. These submarines of the division were in relative close distance.
The crux of the Dutch divison-rudel tactic is that all the submarines were commanded by the submarine divison commander, via radio (even when submerged). The submarine division commander only broke of radio contact after he gave the order for attack, and this attack according to doctrine should happend on nearly suicidal distances of 300-400 meter ( around 1940 this increased to larger, safer, distances).
This doctrine was developed during many trials and training excersises where the Dutch found out how to command and control a group of submarines in close proximity and the knowing the posibilities and the limitations of this kind of cooperation. It was during this excersises the submarineres discovered that communication between boats was possible but when the attack started comminication between the boats was not possible or desireable.
Do not forget this agressive Dutch submarine offensive doctrine was known by the Dutch as a high risk use of the submarines and the risk of losing a boat was understand and accepted. This accepted risk of loss as a result of using a submarine as an offensive weapon was strange to many navies. Nearly all navies used submarines primairy as scout or as maned mine fields. Submarines were stationed in long picket lines were the enemy fleet was expected to sail and commanded from the land base far away.. The dutch submarines were concentrated in small groups patrolling a designated area and directly commanded by the divison commander on one of the submarines. The were assisted by a floatplane above them. Both the floatplane and the hydrophones of the submarines were activly searching for the enemy.
It was also this accepted high risk use of submarines what was used as argument against this submarine doctrine by the cruiser lobby whitin the Royal Netherlands Navy.
The infamous German rudel tactic was commanded from land not by a submarine commander and fortunate for the allies the Focke Condor airplanes did not cooperate direct with the U-boats only via land command. The U-boats were operation individual and only concentrated in a group after an order from land.
And now I promisse not to moan about submarines any more 😄