I should say that as someone who's obviously pushed back very hard in this thread, I don't actually think a German victory is by any means impossible.
I just think that firstly it is less likely than 1914. The balance of power was not a static thing; Germany was arguably stronger than France in 1905 as it was in 1914, but the relative disparity was much closer. A war in 1910 would be a different proposition again. So would a delayed war until 1920, for that matter. The Belgians had a different government, and though I think they would have fought, perhaps they don't. Perhaps the Netherlands, for some reason, doesn't fight either. That lets the Germans sweep unopposed into France as per the famous plan. I don't think France would proceed to fold in ten weeks, but the fall of Paris and peace a few months later isn't completely implausible. The Germans might have won. But the starting point for that discussion has to be an analysis of those odds, not a simple declaration that the Germans just roll sixes again and again while most of their opponents don't even bother to play.
The second, more important point though, is that if this is a 'what if' discussion, not the jumping off point to a timeline- which again, would be perfectly valid for the OP as many brilliant timelines have begun with an implausible backstory- then we need to consider what a German victory in 1905 would look like, not in 1914, and definitely not in 1940.
Even in the event of a quick humiliation for France, Germany can't destroy the country as a Great Power. Even if they physically could- and I think that such a settlement would provoke serious resistance, to do so would be risk a backlash unseen since the Coalitions. It's not just Britain and Russia who want a strong France to balance Germany. So do the Austro-Hungarians- their alliance with Germany was a precarious thing where they wanted a strong backer, but they never wanted that backer so strong that it could tear out the German speaking parts of their empire. The smaller countries will have just seen two of their number subjected to an unprovoked invasion. America will not smile upon a power they've clashed with suddenly becoming a continental hegemon. Germany would be terribly exposed.
This scenario is about 1905: using the tropes of 1940 does nothing to aid in the understanding of history, or the understanding of plausible counterfactuals.