Czechia and Moldavia borders are not along the Carpathian range.
Anyway administrative divisions of Ukraine and Romania still go around it.
Western parts of Carpathian range are actually located in Czechia and parts of it forms border between Czechia and Slovakia, and used to be borders between Czech kingdom and Hungary.
Also, I found a video which roughly shows how borders of Czechia changed through history. You can exactly see that mountains around Czech republic were very important.