You're absolutely right, old chap.
And here it is
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Chapter V: The Dawn of a New Century, the Second Great War and Interbellum, 1900 – 1935.
The twentieth century had begun, but it wouldn’t remain peaceful for very long. The immediate casus belli was the assassination of the Russian Tsar by a Polish nationalist who wanted the restoration of former Polish territory. Other causes were of course nationalism, imperialism, militarism and fierce economic rivalry. Poland was ruled by the Hohenzollerns and the young tempestuous Tsar Nicholas III held them responsible for his father’s death. Against his better judgement, he sent a list of unacceptable demands to the Anglo-German Empire which included Russian intervention in Poland to capture “subversive elements”. Naturally, this offer was refused upon which the Russians declared war in 1906. This war would prove to be the Russian Empire’s last moment of glorious resistance against the Anglo-Germans before it entered the twilight zone of decline. Russia, despite its obvious weaknesses and backwardness, was still at the pinnacle of its power. Now was as good a time as any to make a last stand. The Russian populace was swept up in a jingoistic frenzy and every last man, woman and child rallied to support the war effort against the hated Germans and British. France was obliged to support its ally and declared war too, knowing that the wheels of history were grinding them into the dust which would inevitably lead to France ceasing to exist as a great power. The Kingdom of Hungary joined its natural Russian ally while Italy sided with its Anglo-German friends, thus starting the Second Great War. The Ottomans remained on the sidelines as long as no one attacked them and thus functioned as a neutral to import goods through. The Ottomans did lock the Straits to Russian merchant and naval shipping, to Russian anger. Russia, however, couldn’t afford to expand the war.
The Alliance was immediately in trouble and they knew it. France was surrounded and held the defensive while Russia attacked with all of its might. In the meantime, Italy and the Anglo-German Union put to use their war plans which had been developed and refined over the past few decades. The Anglo-Germans had enormous manpower to carry out their plans which involved attacking France and defending against Russia. Russia on its part attacked with all of its might, some 15 million men with Hungarian support. Due to their numbers they advanced to the Vistula within a month, but they couldn’t save France. They inflicted serious casualties although their own casualty rates rose progressively as they advanced. They were after all facing eight armies. The Anglo-Germans attacked from the Franco-German and Franco-Dutch borders while the Italians attacked from the south, encountering French Alpine fortifications. French defences were powerful with forts, bunkers, trenches, mines, machine guns, artillery support etc. but they were outnumbered. Additionally, the Royal Navy blockaded French ports, thus draining their economy of key resources. The French fought fierce battles of attrition although the Anglo-German Empire unfortunately possessed a ridiculous numerical advantage. Germany alone had twice the population of France and a much larger industrial base. On the western front, the Battle of the Frontiers as it was known, lasted for over a month before French defences were broken with mounting death tolls for the attackers.
Anglo-German armies advanced on Metz, Calais and Arras. Still, French resistance remained murderous with them waging trench warfare and carried out guerrilla attacks behind enemy lines. The Anglo-Germans responded with the very first aerial bombings, using rigid airships and small aircraft to drop bombs on Paris. By now, the French war machine was in trouble with shortages in nitrates growing critical as well as food and ammunition shortages. The French army’s resistance crumbled and a dash by the navy to the Atlantic Ocean was curbed wit them incurring severe losses while the Royal Navy stood victorious. Several French cruiser squadrons in the Mediterranean and the in the Atlantic (operating from Africa) scored some minor tactical victories and provided a nuisance until they were tracked down. Naval superiority was guaranteed and five divisions landed near Cherbourg and captured the port with strong support from the latest battleships, the all-big-gun Dauntless-class. The HMS Dauntless had been laid down in 1900 and was a revolutionary design which sparked a new naval race. It had twelve inch (305 mm) belt armour, twelve ten inch (254 mm) guns in triple turrets along the centreline, advanced steam turbines and weighed in at a total of 18.000 tonnes, making it the heaviest warship at the time of its commissioning in 1902. The Anglo-Germans had the largest number of these Dauntless-type vessels which pummelled French coastal defences. The landing was successful with a bridgehead being established, forcing the French to divert troops. With the enemy advance on Paris, King Louis XX moved to Bordeaux to continue resistance from there although shortages in food, fuel, a rising economic crisis, inflation and the detrimental course of the war were causing unrest. Paris fell after three months in July 1906 while the Italians surrounded Marseilles.
The Russians pressed on and nearly reached the Oder-Neisse line, but France had surrendered by now. Already, endgame had begun unfortunately for the Russians. Anglo-German forces were transferred and a Russian surrender was demanded, but the peace conditions were unacceptable to Russia. Nicholas III chose to continue fighting until the end instead to enforce a peace out of exhaustion on his enemies. The result was that they were forced back in a fierce war of attrition (the Russian army was good at defensive warfare). They even managed to temporarily wear down the mighty Anglo-German colossus after over a year of combat which they needed just to retake Poland. After that, Russian resistance weakened slowly, buy surely due to economic crisis. Their markets in Europe were blocked and Hungary proved to be a paper tiger for an ally. Food and fuel shortages, inflation, stagnation and the army impounding horses and oxen for transport made things worse. Infrastructure also proved insufficient for such a major war effort along the western front. Still, the Russian people managed to stand it for over three years before they finally cracked and revolted. In winter 1909, frontlines were running from the Finnish Gulf to the Sea of Azov and a strike erupted in St. Petersburg which soon spread, paralyzing the country. The strikers and protestors remained peaceful initially, simply demanding “bread, land and peace”. The Tsar’s armies and secret police attempted to put it down, but soon the strikes went to violent protests which couldn’t be contained.
In the meantime, Japan and China had waited to see who would win to decide whose back to jump. Although the Anglo-German Empire was their main enemy, they saw no gain in joining the losing side. They had sat out the war to see what to do and opportunistically decided to take a chunk out of Russia. They invaded Siberia and also the Kamchatka Peninsula, leading to collapse of morale in Russia. A mob of deserted soldiers, police officers and a random group of civilians stormed the Imperial Palace in the December Revolution. They proclaimed the Russian Republic and surrendered in January 1910 after subduing loyalist forces in and around St. Petersburg.
Now peace would be dictated by the Anglo-German Empire and it was no longer aimed at conserving any semblance of a balance of power which didn’t exist anymore anyway. It was aimed at punishing and weakening France and Russia so they would never come back again. After a war of nearly four years which had cost 6 million lives, this sentiment was understandable. France lost Alsace-Lorraine and the Briey-Longwy area to Germany while the region of Nord-pas-de-Calais was added to the Netherlands. Italy was allowed to annex Tunisia and Morocco as colonies while France was allowed to keep Algeria. Algeria was seen as integral to metropolitan France, especially since the French had sent settlers over the decades which now dominated the Algerian coast, especially around Oran. The remainder of the French colonial empire was absorbed into the Anglo-German Empire which led to them coming to dominate the African continent. Russian resistance had collapsed by now and the interim government accepted the humiliating peace conditions which included territorial losses which decimated its power. The Ottomans were given Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Russia’s Black Sea coast even though they had been neutral. Poland, which was a part of the Anglo-German Empire, was enlarged with the Baltic States, Belarus and Ukraine to form the Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania-Ukraine. Finland was given to Sweden to buff it up as buffer state. In the east, Russia lost territory to the opportunistic Chinese and Japanese. Japan annexed the Kamchatka, Chukotka and Magadan oblasts while China annexed the Yakutia, Amur and Khabarovsk oblasts. Hungary lost Slovakia which became an independent vassal while Transylvania was simply annexed by the Ottoman Empire. Russia and France were taken out as viable counterweights to the hegemony of the Anglo-German Empire and right now no one was able or willing to challenge them, not yet anyway.
The Anglo-German Empire entered another period of economic boom although unfortunately their position of power led them to arrogant overspending. It also led to a more relaxed attitude toward demands from the colonies for more influence or autonomy. As part of an appeasement course and a means to get the colonies more involved against the rising Sino-Japanese bloc, they granted some of these wishes. The white dominions of Ireland, South Africa, Australia, British South America and New Zealand were all granted representation in the Houses of Parliament just like British North America already had, thus strengthening the Empire a lot. This happened in the period between 1910 and 1920. In the meantime, the government started or continued a large number of infrastructural projects. The continent spanning Cape-to-Cairo Line was finished as was the Trans-African Railroad from the west coast to the Horn of Africa. As the American population increased, so did the railroad and road network there and India saw some considerable investment. The length of the Empire’s railroad network reached 350.000 kilometres, making it the longest in the world. This, however, had to be paid for and led to a massive overspending bubble which slowly grew to a breaking point. This showed in a subtle uneasiness and the beginning of economic stagnation from 1919 onwards although the corporate sector and the government ignored it, believing this malaise was of a passing nature.
The bubble burst in 1923 and led to a deep economic crisis as government finances landed in a terrible position. Government spending was cut dramatically which had its effects on the economy. Defence spending was cut too which led to a weakening in the arms sector which subsequently affected heavy industry, machinery production, steel production and coal production. The crisis quickly expanded into all sectors as these key sectors shrank. Millions got unemployed, consumption dropped rapidly, the economy started to shrink and an unseen inflation arose. This depression was the worst to hit, ever and unseen poverty set in. Living standards dropped dramatically with many being forced to live off social security and charity on the streets. It led to social tensions although the Empire’s strong democratic condition prevented any collapse into dictatorship, but the Empire did gain a more authoritarian streak. The monarch was granted the right to rule by decree, but it was only for two years and parliament had to renew his powers. The crisis expanded until a quarter of the Empire’s adult population was unemployed although strong investment into the economy, banking reforms, devaluation of the pound sterling and fixing wages helped it to recover slightly by 1929.
It also had its effects in other countries. China and Japan for example fell to the rule of military juntas who advocated an aggressive expansionist policy. Their militaries and fleets expanded very much during the 1920s while both employed rigorous state planning of the economy to expand steel production, mining, electricity production, petroleum production and to expand the transport and communications infrastructure. This led to rapid development which increased the hunger of their economies for natural resources. In the meantime, the fragile Russian Republic fractured into a civil war. Several generals tried to seize power from the central government although they quickly fell out about quarrels about who should rule. Four generals, the central government and a socialist faction fought for control over rump-Russia in the Russian Civil War which would last for another two decades. France relapsed into monarchical authoritarianism and went into protectionism, worsening its economic position. It was the Sino-Japanese bloc which was now highly militarized and looking to claim its place under the sun and establish an economic and political sphere of influence in Asia.
They started to support Asian independence movements and started to gear up for a quick expansionist war against the Anglo-German Empire which suppressed hundreds of millions of Asians. The Empire responded by giving India representation in parliament as the first non-white colony to receive this and taking away a burden as India was now a fully cooperative member of the Empire. Abyssinia was also granted this stated in 1932, which raised a lot of debate although the proponents defended it with Abyssinia’s Christian roots whereas the other colonies were either Muslim or had some other religion. It was also seen as necessary since the effects of imperial overstretch were becoming clear, as well as the rising Asian threat. It strengthened the Empire and enlarged its support base, partly out of fear for the Asian threat. India, in its new position as co-ruler within the Empire, suddenly had a lot to lose and was supportive. It didn’t deter the Sino-Japanese bloc from making its faithful decision in summer 1935 to start the Third Great War which would also be the last.