Britain
Winston Churchill was thirsting for vengeance against the Indians. He was even more incensed about Nehru coming to London to ask for recognition of Indian independence. His government declared all persons in Britain of Indian ancestry to be arrested and declared them enemy aliens. Since these were not White Germans, the treatment meted out to them was quite rough. All of their assets were frozen, and they were arrested en masse. From here things took a bad turn. Winston Churchill in his alcohol-fueled fury issued an internal order that Indians were not to be protected from angry Britishers. He sanctioned their wholesale massacre.
A picture of Central London depicting Indians fleeing from British mobs
There was gruesome retaliation for independence. In the cities, Indian men were shot, beaten up, and in the more ghastly cases, they were tied up together and doused with fuel and were set on fire. Several Indian women were paraded naked before being raped and then murdered. The ones who were jailed had it even worse. Mobs shouting
"Justice for Glancy" burned down entire police stations with prisoners still in them.
In the countryside, the violence was even worse. In certain rural areas, an especially horrible method was chosen to murder Indians.
Their limbs were tied to four horses and a shot was fired in the air, so that all four limbs came off at once.
While certain members of the government like Clement Attlee gave a subdued opposition to the riots, saying that law and order had to be maintained in wartime but it had the tacit sanction of the entire British political class, including the King.
There was some respite for Indians living in Ireland as they peopled the government refused to kill Indians as they had some sympathy for them. The Indians had also waged a war of independence and managed to defeat them so the Irish protected the Indian workers on their properties.
Around 6000 people were murdered in 3 days, including some members of prominent Indian families.
A few companies of Indian troops stationed in England were also attacked and were killed as well. They managed to shoot back at the rioter and killed a number of them.
The state sanctioned massacre was viewed with disgust across the world. The Germans and Japanese used it for propaganda purposes. The Americans and Canadians whilst not condemning it publicly, privately made it known to Churchill that they did not support it. Brazil and Mexico publicly denounced it. Most of them were concerned that the British government had sanctioned the massacre and this gave a bad reputation to the allied cause, which was to liberate oppressed peoples. The British government, on the other hand maintained that the people were angry over the British citizens killed in India(even though Bose had not killed any prisoners of war and had given safe haven to the viceroy and the commander-in-chief) and was unable to control their anger.
Subhas Bose on the other hand declared that if Churchill was a man, he should come and attack India, not unarmed citizens 5000 kilometres away.
Winston Churchill called Roosevelt to tell him that he was ordering the Royal Navy to start shelling Indian ports and his carriers to bomb the hinterland as far as they can. Civilian targets were on the table. Roosevelt told him not to do that. Those assets were better used against the Japanese, not the Indians. But Churchill refused to do it. He remarked to his assistant "
I am going to rain hellfire down on these savages. Then I'll teach him about manliness."
When Nehru heard of this, he requested an urgent meeting with Churchill to request him to stop the violence. But he only got to meet with him 3 days later after the riots and killings had died down and the bombing campaign had commenced. Nehru decided to act Independently and decided to tell Churchill that India would accept dominion status until the end of the war. Churchill was heavily drunk when he called Anthony Eden to bring Nehru to meet him.
"Good morning, Prime Minister. Pleasure to meet you."
"Sit."
"Thank you, sir."
"Out with it then. What the fuck do you want ?"
"Mr. Churchill I-I, you have to protect the Indian subjects in Britain. Innocent people are being killed."
"Subjects ? BLOODY SUBJECTS ?! YOU REBELLED AGAINST THE BRITISH EMPIRE."
He walked off and poured himself another whiskey.
"Mr. Prime Minister, please stop this massacre. Stop your planes. I will talk to Bose, I'll convince him to agree to dominion status an-
Churchill threw the glass of whiskey at Nehru's head
"You bloody arsehole. Do you think you savages deserve Dominion Status ? By the time I am done with you I'll mount Gandhi's head on the Red Fort."
"This is preposterous, Winston. What is wrong with you ? This is no way for a gentleman of your stature to behave."
This triggered Churchill
"Now a lowly savage will tell the most powerful man in the BLOODY BRITISH EMPIRE HOW TO FUCKING BEHAVE ?!"
Churchill pulled out his pistol and aimed it at Nehru's head. Eden, who had been silent all this while suddenly spoke up
"Winston NO! Put the gun down, don't shoot him he's a bloody diplomat!"
"He's no fucking diplomat. They are no country. They are a colony. MY GODDAMN COLONY. GET THE HELL OUT OF HERE, YOU SWINE."
Nehru was scared and quickly left the PMO. He was now even terrified of walking to his hotel from the office. He hailed a taxi and got into the car. When he reached his hotel, he asked the taxi driver how much the fare was. His Indian accent betrayed him and the taxi driver, later identified as one Harry Johnson, pulled out his gun and shot Nehru in the neck, without realising who he was, only knowing that he was an Indian. The hotel manager, a good friend of Nehru's had his men subdue the taxi driver and rushed Nehru to the hospital, but he was declared dead on arrival.
Even though the driver had acted completely on his own, it was widely believed that the British government had ordered the assassination. Bose also considered it to be a revenge hit by Churchill and condemned it as such.
India
When Netaji heard that Churchill had ordered the occupation of all Indian ports by the Royal Navy and that Nehru had been murdered, he sprang into action. His first order was to destroy all docking and other facilities in all ports except Karachi. He also asked all Indian naval personnel on Royal Indian Navy Ships to desert and come to Indian forces. The British would have to shoot at their own men to get the ports.
He also ordered the immediate nationalisation of all British assets in India.
"Good morning, Liaquat. How's the Russian winter treating you ?"
"Quite well, Netaji. How are you ?"
"Good good. Liaquat, you have my authorisation to inform Mr. Molotov that they can have a base at Karachi."
"Splendid, Netaji. The rest of the terms stay the same ?"
"Yes, Liaquat. In exchange, they will protect our nation against the British attacks. Ask them to dock a submarine or two at Karachi."
"Very well, sir."
Liaquat went straight to the Foreign ministry to tell Molotov.
"Ah. hello Mr. Molotov. How are you ?"
"I am doing well, Mr. Khan. You're here quite early."
"With good reason, sir. Prime Minister Bose has agreed to the terms of our discussion."
"Haha that is great Mr. Khan. That is quite great. I will have a treaty drafted and we'll sign it in the afternoon. My men will consult with you regarding the wording."
On August 5, 1944 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and India signed a
Treaty of Friendship with the major provision being the allowance of a Soviet naval base at Karachi and the recognition of India as an Independent nation. Other provisions included the Soviet Union sending experts and advisors to India to help in building up industries, improving agriculture and help in improving the training of its army. The agreement also stated that Indian troops can only be used to serve against Germany and Italy, not Japan and if they were to fight, they would only fight under Indian and Soviet generals.
When Tojo called seeking an explanation for the treaty with the Soviets, Bose told him that he was simply following Japan's lead in pursuing a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union. He was still at war with Britain and the Americans. But Subhash had no intention of fighting the Americans. Only the British. He told Tojo that the Pact only strengthened their position in Asia- Japan could now focus on China and the Pacific without worrying about India.
The Americans did not oppose it. They felt that they had to maintain a neutral position between Britain and Russia with regard to India and decided to continue the previous position of non-interference. Their priorities were Germany and Japan.
Churchill was extremely angry at the signing of the treaty. He had managed to bomb Mumbai, Madras and Calcutta and had killed around 15,000 people. The ports had been made useless before the Royal Navy could come and occupy them. Bose had come up with a master plan to prevent these ports from falling. The Royal Indian Navy ships had only their British officers on board while the crew deserted. The officers could neither leave port, nor use the ships to bomb the harbours. They were stuck. The Royal Navy could not kill their own loyal men just to occupy unusable ports. Therefore the hinterlands were bombed but the ports were not taken.
Stalin purposely slowed down the offensive against Germany in the East. When Roosevelt asked him to accelerate the timeline, he told him that unless the British stopped bombing India , the offensive would go at its current speed(which would mean Germany would have more resources to devote to the western front). Churchill was under extreme pressure from the Americans and had to finally relent. The bombing campaign ceased but Churchill held onto Sri Lanka, Lakshadweep and Maldives. He wanted to ensure that these were available to stage future campaigns against India.
After the British bombing ceased, Netaji declared a week's mourning for Nehru's death.
He said,
"This is the greatest loss that India, as a nation has suffered in this war. Pandit Nehru was India's greatest freedom fighter and was like an elder brother to me. Unlike me, he was a firm believer of non-violence and the goodness of other people. It is the misfortune of all our people that his trust was taken advantage of by that devil, Churchill. This only serves to prove that the Englishman is a barbarian. Panditji spent his last moments fighting for his nation. Jawaharlal Nehru was a true patriot."
Nehru was given a state funeral which was attended by the top Congress leadership including Gandhi, Patel and Bose and over 250 Maharajas. The Junior Japanese and Soviet foreign minister also attended the funeral. Over 8,00,000 people were gathered at the funeral. Nehru's barbaric death truly shocked the nation and despite India's independence and the new alliance with the USSR, the national mood was saddened due to the death of one of India's tallest leaders.
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru's state funeral in Delhi on 7th August, 1944.