First, I'm a bit surprised that no nukes were explicitly chucked at regions like the aforementioned bit of France, since obliterating your enemy's agricultural land would be a good way to maximize how badly hurt they are postwar. I wouldn't even think it would be that hard; one groundburst in the right spot relative to the prevailing winds should spread fallout over a wide area.
Second, I'd expect that the fires are the real "nuclear winter" danger, not the fallout. The burning cities will be bad enough, but if significant portions of, for example, the Siberian taiga were to have ignited, the results would be even worse.
Third, the two Middle Eastern countries I can guarantee are gone, assuming nukes flew in that region, are Israel and Egypt. Five nukes (Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Haifa, Beersheva, Eilat) would be enough to kill most of the population of Israel, and the Aswan Dam eating one nuke would kill up to 90+ percent of the Egyptian population.
Fourth, China is a cinder. Concentrated population, lots of vulnerable dams, and likely to have been the biggest targeting priority of any "kill the neutrals" plan from other side.
Fifth, while it may be a bit late, here's my contribution to the Threads theme song idea:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJyz6AcmwvA&feature=related. The song is VNV's "Further", as covered by LifeForce.