But it is a factor that could discourage the settlers from joining this project (although if they haven't been discouraged by "the natives are trying to kill us" I doubt that moral considerations will stop them).
Miscellaneous <1900 (Alternate) History Thread
- Thread starter RMcD94
- Start date
I forgot to mention in the original post, but they recieve a charter from the French government. How does this change things?
I forgot to mention in the original post, but they recieve a charter from the French government. How does this change things?
It could make them worse, because 1) There's no reason why France would do that, 2) If they don't support the colonists it's not going to mean much, and 3) It could make the British support the Maori indirectly (with guns and supplies) to avoid a French outpost right next to Australia (this is before the Entente Cordiale so France and Britain were still perceived as rivals).
It could basically lead to a scenario of
France *happily unaware of what the "New Israel" settlers are doing in New Zealand.*
UK: I want to kick those damn French settlers out of New Israel. But I don't want to provoke a war against France jus for this.
Maories: Damn pakeha, get out of our lands *attacking New Israel*.
UK: ...
UK: Hey, Maori, are you interested in getting better weapons than the ones you already have? Honestly, I don't really like your neighbors in New Israel either.
France *happily unaware of what the "New Israel" settlers are doing in New Zealand.*
UK: I want to kick those damn French settlers out of New Israel. But I don't want to provoke a war against France jus for this.
Maories: Damn pakeha, get out of our lands *attacking New Israel*.
UK: ...
UK: Hey, Maori, are you interested in getting better weapons than the ones you already have? Honestly, I don't really like your neighbors in New Israel either.
Wouldn't a Napoleonic victory greatly diminish the Brit's ability to project power, especially if their empire is dismantled?
And that's why they are sending weapons to the Maori to do their dirty work for them, instead of deploying their own soldiers.
Ah, I see.
So, (overall), do you think this could work as a timeline?
No French backsliding towards monarchism/constant warfare, and the latter being on the other side of the constant warfare.
I would say it depends on what you want to focus on because at the moment there are three different PODs, not one: Napoleonic victory, France promotes a Jewish colonization of New Zealand, the Jews decide this is a great idea.
What if Henry, the son of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II is born female
en.wikipedia.org
@isabella @eliamartin65
Henry (VII) of Germany - Wikipedia
@isabella @eliamartin65
Last edited:
I want to start by saying I'm aware that not everything on this list probably has a modern equivalent but I would still love some attempted help at doing just that:
Actuarius (Paymaster?) – A soldier charged with distributing pay and provisions.
Adiutor – A camp or headquarters adjutant or assistant.
Aeneator – Military musician such as a bugler
Agrimensor – A surveyor (a type of immunes).
Antesignano – Supposedly a light infantry unit of legionaries who were used for protection of marching columns and to provide security to legions.
Aquilifer – Bearer of the legionary eagle.
Ala – a military formation composed of conscripts from the Italian military allies.
Alaris – A cavalryman serving in an ala.
Auxilia – were introduced as non-citizen troops attached to the citizen legions by Augustus after his reorganisation of the Imperial Roman army from 30 BC.
Architecti – An engineer or artillery constructor.
Armicustos – A soldier tasked with the administration and supply of weapons and equipment. A quartermaster.
Ballistarius – An artillery operator (a type of immunes).
Beneficiarius – A soldier performing an extraordinary task such as military policing or a special assignment.
Bucellarii – were formations of escort troops.
Bucinator – A trumpeter or bugler.
Cacula – Servant or slave of a soldier.
Capsarior – A medical orderly.
Causarius – A soldier discharged for wounds or other medical reasons.
Celeres - A royal guard created by Romulus to guard the King of Rome.
Centurion (Captain) – Officer rank, generally one per 80 soldiers, in charge of a centuria.
Clinicus – A medic.
Cohors amicorum – Military staff company functioning as suite and bodyguard of a high Roman official.
Comes – commanders of comitatenses.
Comes stabuli – An office responsible for the horses and pack animals.
Comitatenses – units of the field armies of the late empire. They were the soldiers that replaced the legionaries.
Cornicen – A bugler.
Doctor – A trainer, subdivisions for everything from weapons to horn blowing.
Draconarius – Bearer of a cavalry standard.
Decurion – Leader of a troop of cavalry (14-30 men). Often confused with decanus.
Decanus (Staff Sergeant or Sergeant?) – Leader of a contubernium (a legionary tent group of 8 men).
Discens – Miles in training for an immunis position.
Duplarius – A soldier issued double pay, such as an Optio or a minor cavalry officer as part of a Turma
Dux – A general in charge of two or more legions. In the Third Century AD, an officer with a regional command transcending provincial boundaries, responsible directly to the emperor alone, usually appointed on a temporary basis in a grave emergency. In the fourth century AD, an officer in charge of a section of the frontier answering to the Magister Militum.
Duumviri navales – Two men elected to equip and repair the Roman navy.
Equites singulares Augusti – Elite cavalry unit tasked to guard the Roman Emperors. Usually commanded by a tribunus of praetorian rank.
Evocatus – A soldier who had served out his time and obtained his discharge (missio), but had voluntarily enlisted again at the invitation of the consul or other commander.
Evocatus Augusti – Praetorian Guard who had served out his time and obtained his discharge (missio), but had voluntarily enlisted again.
Equites – Roman cavalry
Foederati – For groups of "barbarian" mercenaries of various sizes who were typically allowed to settle within the empire.
Frumentarii – Officials of the Roman Empire during the 2nd and 3rd era. Often used as a Secret Service, mostly operating in uniform.
Hastatus – The youngest of the heavy infantry in the pre-Marian armies, who were less well-equipped than the older Principes and Triarii. These formed the first line of battle in front of the Principes.
Hastatus Prior – A centurion commanding a manipulus or centuria of hastati. A high-ranking officer within a manipulus or centuria.
Hastatus Posterior – A deputy to the hastatus prior
Hastiliarius – A weapons instructor.
Imaginifer – A standard-bearer carrying the imago – the standard which bore a likeness of the emperor, and, at later dates, his family.
Immunes – Soldiers who were "immune" from combat duty and fatigues through having a more specialist role within the army.
Jovians and Herculians – A senior palatine units
Katepano – A Byzantine military rank or military official.
Laeti – was a term used in the late empire to denote communities of foreigners permitted to settle on, and granted land in, imperial territory on condition that they provide recruits for the Roman military.
Legatus legionis (brigadier general) – A legion commander of senatorial rank; literally the "deputy" of the emperor, who was the titular commander-in-chief.
Limitanei – A unit of frontier districts.
Legatus pro praetore – Provincial governor of senatorial rank with multiple legions under his command.
Legionary – The heavy infantry that was the basic military force of the ancient Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire.
Magister militum - High ranked commander in the late Roman Empire. Equivalent of a general.
Medicus – Physician or combat medic. Specializations included surgery (medicus vulnerarius), ophthalmology (medicus ocularius), and also veterinary (medicus veterinarius). At least some held rank equivalent to a centurion.
Megas doux – Commander-in-chief of the Byzantine navy.
Miles or Miles Gregarius – The basic private level foot soldier.
Numerus – A unit of barbarian allies not integrated into the regular army structure. Later, a unit of border forces.
Numerus Batavorum – was a personal, imperial guards unit for the Roman emperors of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (30 BC – AD 68) composed of Germanic soldiers.
Optio (First Sergeant?) – One per century as second-in-command to the centurion. Could also fill several other specialized roles on an ad hoc basis.
Palatini – were elite units of the late army.
Pedites – The infantry of the early army of the Roman kingdom. The majority of the army in this period.
Peditatus – A term referring to any infantryman in the Roman Empire.
Pilus Prior – Senior centurion of a cohort.
Pilus Posterior – Deputy to the pilus prior.
Praefectus Castrorum – Camp prefect, third-in-command of the legion, also responsible for maintaining the camp, equipment, and supplies. Usually a former primus pilus.
Praefectus Cohortis (Lieutenant Colonel?) - Commander of a cohort.
Praefectus legionis agens vice legati – Equestrian officer given the command of a legion in the absence of a senatorial legatus. After the removal of senators from military command, the title of a legionary commander. ("...agens vice legati, dropped in later Third Century")
Praetorians (US Secret Service?/CIA?/NSA?) – A special force of bodyguards used by Roman Emperors.
Praetorian prefect – Commander of the Praetorians.
Primani – was a legio palatina, active in the 4th and 5th century.
Primicerius – was a rank junior to the tribunus and senior to the senator.
Primus Ordinis – The commanding officer of each centuria in the first cohort with the exception of the first centuria of the cohort.
Primus Pilus (literally 'first file') (Colonel?) – The centurion commanding the first cohort and the senior centurion of the entire Legion.
Princeps – Pre-Marian soldier, initially equipped with the Hasta spear, but later with the pilum, these men formed the second line of battle behind the Hastati in the pre-Marian armies. They were also chieftains in Briton like Dumnorix of the Regneses (he was killed by Gaius Salvius Liberalis' soldiers).
Princeps Prior – A centurion commanding a century of principes.
Princeps Posterior – A deputy to the princeps prior.
Principales – A group of ranks, including aquilifer, signifer, optio, and tesserarius. Similar to modern NCOs (Non-commissioned officers).
Protectores Augusti Nostri (a.k.a. Protectores Divini Lateris) – Honorific title for senior officers singled out for their loyalty to the Emperor and soldierly qualities. The protectores were an order of honor rather than a military unit. The order first appeared in the mid-200s AD.
Quaestionarius – An interrogator or torturer.
Retentus (Reserves) – A soldier kept in service after serving required term.
Rorarii – The final line, or reserve, in the ancient pre-Marius Roman army. These were removed even before the so-called "Marian reforms", as the Triarii provided a very sturdy anchor.
Sagittarii – Archers, including horse-riding auxiliary archers recruited mainly in North Africa, Balkans, and later the Eastern Empire.
Salararius – A soldier enjoying special service conditions or hired as a mercenary.
Scholae – was used in the late Roman Empire to signify a unit of Imperial Guards.
Scholae Palatinae – An elite troop of soldiers created by the Emperor Constantine the Great to provide personal protection of the Emperor and his immediate family.
Scorpionarius – An artilleryman operating a scorpio artillery piece.
Sesquiplicarii – A soldier issued one-and-a-half times pay, such as a Tesserarius or a minor cavalry officer as part of a Turma
Signifer – Standard bearer of the Roman Legion.
Simplares - A soldier paid standard pay; a regular legionaire or somebody paid the equivalent
Socii – Troops from allied states in the pre-Marian army before the Social War (91–88 BC)
Speculatores and Exploratores – The scouts and reconnaissance element of the Roman army.
Supernumerarii – Supernumerary soldiers who served to fill the places of those who were killed or disabled by their wounds. Also used for the cavalry contingent of a legion during the Principate, who despite being included on the cohort lists, camped separate to the infantry.
Strategos - General and military governor of a theme in the Byzantine Empire.
Stratelates – A Greek translation for the rank of magister militum that was used in the late Roman and Byzantine armies.
Stratopedarches – A term originally used to refer to a Roman camp prefect, it was later used for a Roman or Byzantine general or a Byzantine commander-in-chief.
Tablifer – A standard-bearer for the guard cavalry.
Tesserarius – Guard commander, one per centuria.
Tirones – A basic trainee.
Torquati (Medal of Valor?) - A soldier issued with a golden collar in reward for bravery or valor. Depending on circumstances, they may also be rewarded with double pay, making them Torquato Duplares
Triarii – Spearmen of the pre-Marian armies, equipped with the Hasta, who formed the third line of battle behind the Principes.
Tribuni angusticlavii – Military tribune of equestrian rank, five of whom were assigned to each legion.
Tribunus militum (Major?) - Officer in the Roman army who ranked below the legate but above the centurion.
Tribunus militum laticlavius – Military tribune of senatorial rank. Second in command of a legion. Appointments to this rank seem to have ceased during the sole reign of Gallienus as part of a policy of excluding senators from military commands.
Tubicen – A trumpeter.
Urbanae (SWAT?) – A special police force of Rome, created to counterbalance the Praetorians.
Velites – A class of light infantry in the army of the Roman Republic.
Venator – A hunter (a type of immunes).
Vexillarius – Bearer of a vexillum (standard).
Vigiles ignis – were the firefighters.
Vigiles scelus – were the police.
And this same thing for these, beyond what I've already guessed at:
Field army: Formerly consisted of an army headquarters battalion, two corps, army troops (including army field artillery and army air defense artillery groups and brigades, an armored cavalry regiment, army aviation, military intelligence, combat engineer, and signal groups, and brigades), and a field army support command (FASCOM) consisting of military police, medical, and support (i.e., maintenance, quartermaster, and services) brigades, and transportation and ordnance groups. Now primarily an administrative arrangement, consisting of multiple corps. The last time a multiple-corps army took the field was Third Army directing VII and XVIII Corps during Operation Desert Storm. Armies now also operate as army service component commands (ASCCs) of unified combatant commands, such as Seventh Army/USAREUR. Armies have also effectively operated as military districts formerly in the continental United States. Fifth Army and First Army performed this function up until recently. Usually commanded by a general or lieutenant general.
Corps: Formerly consisted of a corps headquarters and two or more divisions, corps troops (consisting of corps artillery, an armored cavalry regiment, an air defense artillery group, and an army aviation group), an expeditionary sustainment command (ESC) and other organic support brigades. A corps is now designated as an "operational unit of employment", that may command a flexible number of modular units. Usually commanded by a lieutenant general. 20,000–45,000 soldiers.
Division: Formerly consisted of a division headquarters company, three maneuver brigades, division artillery (DIVARTY), sustainment brigade, an aviation brigade, an air defense artillery battalion, an armored cavalry squadron, and an engineer brigade, and other support assets. Until the brigade combat team program was developed, the division was the smallest self-sufficient level of organization in the U.S. Army. Current divisions are "tactical units of employment", and may command a flexible number of modular units, but generally will include three brigade combat teams and a combat aviation brigade, supported by a staff in a headquarters and headquarters battalion. Usually commanded by a major general who is supported by a command sergeant major. Typically consists of 17,000–21,000 soldiers but can grow up to 35,000–40,000 with attached support units.
Legio (Republic) – A legion in the pre-Marian armies consisted of 60 manipuli of infantry and 10 turmae of cavalry. By 250 BC, there would be four Legions, two commanded by each Consul: two Roman legions which would be accompanied by an additional two allied Legions of similar strength and structure. For every Roman Legion there would be an allied Legion.
Legio (Imperial) (Brigade) – A legion was composed of nine cohorts and one first cohort. The legion's overall commander was the legatus legionis, assisted by the praefectus castrorum and other senior officers.
Brigade (or group): Composed of three battalions, with a brigadier general or a colonel as commander, supported by a staff in a headquarters and headquarters company. Maneuver brigades have transformed into brigade combat teams, generally consisting of three maneuver battalions, a cavalry squadron, a fires battalion, a special troops battalion (with engineers, signals, and military intelligence), and a command sergeant major and a support battalion. Stryker brigade combat teams have a somewhat larger structure. 3,000–5,000 soldiers.
First Cohort (Cohors Prima) (Regiment) – The first cohort was a double strength cohort (consisting of five double-strength centuriae), numbering 800 men (excluding officers). The centurion of its first centuria, the Primus Pilus, commanded the first cohort and was also the most senior centurion in the legion.
Regiment: The Army, for the most part is no longer organized by regiments. Rather, battalions and squadrons maintain regimental affiliations in that they are called (for example), 1st Battalion, 8th Infantry (Regiment is implied) and is written 1–8 Inf. In this case, there is no regimental commander, and the battalion is organized as part of a brigade for combat. The exceptions are those units, such as armored cavalry regiments which remain organized, and fight, as a regiment and have a regimental commander. The written designation is easy to distinguish and commonly misused. A "forward slash" ("/") separates levels of command. 1st Squadron, 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment is written 1/3 ACR whereas the 1st Battalion, 6th Field Artillery (again, Regiment is implied) is written 1–6 FA.
Cohors (cohort) (Battalion) – A cohors consisted of 480 men. The most senior ranking centurion of the six centuriae commanded the entire cohors.
Battalion (or cavalry squadron): Normally composed of three companies, troops or batteries and led by a battalion/squadron commander, usually a lieutenant colonel supported by a command sergeant major and a staff in a headquarters and headquarters company/battery/troop. 300–1,000 soldiers.
Maniple (Manipulus) – The pre-Marian sub-unit of the Roman Legions, consisting of 120 men (60 for the Triarii).
Centuria (Company) – 80 men under the command of a centurion and his optio. Six centuriae formed a cohors.
Company (or artillery battery/cavalry troop): Designated A to C (plus HQ or support companies/batteries/troops) when in a 3 company/battery battalion or A to D when organized in a 4 company/battery battalion. Regimental troops are designated A to T, depending on the number of troops. The troops are then divided into their like squadrons. Each company/battery/troop is composed of a company/battery/troop headquarters and three platoons, and led by a company/battery/troop commander, usually a first lieutenant, captain or sometimes a major supported by a first sergeant. 62–190 soldiers.
Turma – A unit of cavalry in the pre-Marian army, which usually consisted of 32 horsemen.
Platoon: Composed of a platoon headquarters and three squads, led by a platoon leader, usually a second lieutenant supported by a platoon sergeant (sergeant first class). 42 soldiers.
Section: Usually directed by a sergeant supported by one or two corporals who supplies guidance for junior NCO squad leaders. Often used in conjunction with platoons at the company level. 12–24 soldiers.
Contubernium – The smallest organized unit of soldiers in the Roman Army. It was composed of eight legionaries led by a decanus. When on the march a Legion would often march contubernium-abreast (8-abreast). In the Imperial Legion, ten contubernia formed a centuria.
Contubernium (Squad) – The smallest organized unit of soldiers in the Roman Army. It was composed of eight legionaries led by a decanus. Ten contubernia formed a centuria.
Squad: Composed of two teams and is typically led by a staff sergeant or sergeant. 9 soldiers.
Team: The smallest unit. A fire team consists of a team leader (usually a sergeant or corporal), a rifleman, a grenadier, and an automatic rifleman. A sniper team consists of a sniper who engages the enemy and a spotter who assists in targeting, team defense, and security. 4 soldiers.
Vexillatio – A temporary task force of one or more centuriae detached from the legion for a specific purpose. A vexillatio was commanded by an officer appointed by the Legatus.
Actuarius (Paymaster?) – A soldier charged with distributing pay and provisions.
Adiutor – A camp or headquarters adjutant or assistant.
Aeneator – Military musician such as a bugler
Agrimensor – A surveyor (a type of immunes).
Antesignano – Supposedly a light infantry unit of legionaries who were used for protection of marching columns and to provide security to legions.
Aquilifer – Bearer of the legionary eagle.
Ala – a military formation composed of conscripts from the Italian military allies.
Alaris – A cavalryman serving in an ala.
Auxilia – were introduced as non-citizen troops attached to the citizen legions by Augustus after his reorganisation of the Imperial Roman army from 30 BC.
Architecti – An engineer or artillery constructor.
Armicustos – A soldier tasked with the administration and supply of weapons and equipment. A quartermaster.
Ballistarius – An artillery operator (a type of immunes).
Beneficiarius – A soldier performing an extraordinary task such as military policing or a special assignment.
Bucellarii – were formations of escort troops.
Bucinator – A trumpeter or bugler.
Cacula – Servant or slave of a soldier.
Capsarior – A medical orderly.
Causarius – A soldier discharged for wounds or other medical reasons.
Celeres - A royal guard created by Romulus to guard the King of Rome.
Centurion (Captain) – Officer rank, generally one per 80 soldiers, in charge of a centuria.
Clinicus – A medic.
Cohors amicorum – Military staff company functioning as suite and bodyguard of a high Roman official.
Comes – commanders of comitatenses.
Comes stabuli – An office responsible for the horses and pack animals.
Comitatenses – units of the field armies of the late empire. They were the soldiers that replaced the legionaries.
Cornicen – A bugler.
Doctor – A trainer, subdivisions for everything from weapons to horn blowing.
Draconarius – Bearer of a cavalry standard.
Decurion – Leader of a troop of cavalry (14-30 men). Often confused with decanus.
Decanus (Staff Sergeant or Sergeant?) – Leader of a contubernium (a legionary tent group of 8 men).
Discens – Miles in training for an immunis position.
Duplarius – A soldier issued double pay, such as an Optio or a minor cavalry officer as part of a Turma
Dux – A general in charge of two or more legions. In the Third Century AD, an officer with a regional command transcending provincial boundaries, responsible directly to the emperor alone, usually appointed on a temporary basis in a grave emergency. In the fourth century AD, an officer in charge of a section of the frontier answering to the Magister Militum.
Duumviri navales – Two men elected to equip and repair the Roman navy.
Equites singulares Augusti – Elite cavalry unit tasked to guard the Roman Emperors. Usually commanded by a tribunus of praetorian rank.
Evocatus – A soldier who had served out his time and obtained his discharge (missio), but had voluntarily enlisted again at the invitation of the consul or other commander.
Evocatus Augusti – Praetorian Guard who had served out his time and obtained his discharge (missio), but had voluntarily enlisted again.
Equites – Roman cavalry
Foederati – For groups of "barbarian" mercenaries of various sizes who were typically allowed to settle within the empire.
Frumentarii – Officials of the Roman Empire during the 2nd and 3rd era. Often used as a Secret Service, mostly operating in uniform.
Hastatus – The youngest of the heavy infantry in the pre-Marian armies, who were less well-equipped than the older Principes and Triarii. These formed the first line of battle in front of the Principes.
Hastatus Prior – A centurion commanding a manipulus or centuria of hastati. A high-ranking officer within a manipulus or centuria.
Hastatus Posterior – A deputy to the hastatus prior
Hastiliarius – A weapons instructor.
Imaginifer – A standard-bearer carrying the imago – the standard which bore a likeness of the emperor, and, at later dates, his family.
Immunes – Soldiers who were "immune" from combat duty and fatigues through having a more specialist role within the army.
Jovians and Herculians – A senior palatine units
Katepano – A Byzantine military rank or military official.
Laeti – was a term used in the late empire to denote communities of foreigners permitted to settle on, and granted land in, imperial territory on condition that they provide recruits for the Roman military.
Legatus legionis (brigadier general) – A legion commander of senatorial rank; literally the "deputy" of the emperor, who was the titular commander-in-chief.
Limitanei – A unit of frontier districts.
Legatus pro praetore – Provincial governor of senatorial rank with multiple legions under his command.
Legionary – The heavy infantry that was the basic military force of the ancient Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire.
Magister militum - High ranked commander in the late Roman Empire. Equivalent of a general.
Medicus – Physician or combat medic. Specializations included surgery (medicus vulnerarius), ophthalmology (medicus ocularius), and also veterinary (medicus veterinarius). At least some held rank equivalent to a centurion.
Megas doux – Commander-in-chief of the Byzantine navy.
Miles or Miles Gregarius – The basic private level foot soldier.
Numerus – A unit of barbarian allies not integrated into the regular army structure. Later, a unit of border forces.
Numerus Batavorum – was a personal, imperial guards unit for the Roman emperors of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (30 BC – AD 68) composed of Germanic soldiers.
Optio (First Sergeant?) – One per century as second-in-command to the centurion. Could also fill several other specialized roles on an ad hoc basis.
Palatini – were elite units of the late army.
Pedites – The infantry of the early army of the Roman kingdom. The majority of the army in this period.
Peditatus – A term referring to any infantryman in the Roman Empire.
Pilus Prior – Senior centurion of a cohort.
Pilus Posterior – Deputy to the pilus prior.
Praefectus Castrorum – Camp prefect, third-in-command of the legion, also responsible for maintaining the camp, equipment, and supplies. Usually a former primus pilus.
Praefectus Cohortis (Lieutenant Colonel?) - Commander of a cohort.
Praefectus legionis agens vice legati – Equestrian officer given the command of a legion in the absence of a senatorial legatus. After the removal of senators from military command, the title of a legionary commander. ("...agens vice legati, dropped in later Third Century")
Praetorians (US Secret Service?/CIA?/NSA?) – A special force of bodyguards used by Roman Emperors.
Praetorian prefect – Commander of the Praetorians.
Primani – was a legio palatina, active in the 4th and 5th century.
Primicerius – was a rank junior to the tribunus and senior to the senator.
Primus Ordinis – The commanding officer of each centuria in the first cohort with the exception of the first centuria of the cohort.
Primus Pilus (literally 'first file') (Colonel?) – The centurion commanding the first cohort and the senior centurion of the entire Legion.
Princeps – Pre-Marian soldier, initially equipped with the Hasta spear, but later with the pilum, these men formed the second line of battle behind the Hastati in the pre-Marian armies. They were also chieftains in Briton like Dumnorix of the Regneses (he was killed by Gaius Salvius Liberalis' soldiers).
Princeps Prior – A centurion commanding a century of principes.
Princeps Posterior – A deputy to the princeps prior.
Principales – A group of ranks, including aquilifer, signifer, optio, and tesserarius. Similar to modern NCOs (Non-commissioned officers).
Protectores Augusti Nostri (a.k.a. Protectores Divini Lateris) – Honorific title for senior officers singled out for their loyalty to the Emperor and soldierly qualities. The protectores were an order of honor rather than a military unit. The order first appeared in the mid-200s AD.
Quaestionarius – An interrogator or torturer.
Retentus (Reserves) – A soldier kept in service after serving required term.
Rorarii – The final line, or reserve, in the ancient pre-Marius Roman army. These were removed even before the so-called "Marian reforms", as the Triarii provided a very sturdy anchor.
Sagittarii – Archers, including horse-riding auxiliary archers recruited mainly in North Africa, Balkans, and later the Eastern Empire.
Salararius – A soldier enjoying special service conditions or hired as a mercenary.
Scholae – was used in the late Roman Empire to signify a unit of Imperial Guards.
Scholae Palatinae – An elite troop of soldiers created by the Emperor Constantine the Great to provide personal protection of the Emperor and his immediate family.
Scorpionarius – An artilleryman operating a scorpio artillery piece.
Sesquiplicarii – A soldier issued one-and-a-half times pay, such as a Tesserarius or a minor cavalry officer as part of a Turma
Signifer – Standard bearer of the Roman Legion.
Simplares - A soldier paid standard pay; a regular legionaire or somebody paid the equivalent
Socii – Troops from allied states in the pre-Marian army before the Social War (91–88 BC)
Speculatores and Exploratores – The scouts and reconnaissance element of the Roman army.
Supernumerarii – Supernumerary soldiers who served to fill the places of those who were killed or disabled by their wounds. Also used for the cavalry contingent of a legion during the Principate, who despite being included on the cohort lists, camped separate to the infantry.
Strategos - General and military governor of a theme in the Byzantine Empire.
Stratelates – A Greek translation for the rank of magister militum that was used in the late Roman and Byzantine armies.
Stratopedarches – A term originally used to refer to a Roman camp prefect, it was later used for a Roman or Byzantine general or a Byzantine commander-in-chief.
Tablifer – A standard-bearer for the guard cavalry.
Tesserarius – Guard commander, one per centuria.
Tirones – A basic trainee.
Torquati (Medal of Valor?) - A soldier issued with a golden collar in reward for bravery or valor. Depending on circumstances, they may also be rewarded with double pay, making them Torquato Duplares
Triarii – Spearmen of the pre-Marian armies, equipped with the Hasta, who formed the third line of battle behind the Principes.
Tribuni angusticlavii – Military tribune of equestrian rank, five of whom were assigned to each legion.
Tribunus militum (Major?) - Officer in the Roman army who ranked below the legate but above the centurion.
Tribunus militum laticlavius – Military tribune of senatorial rank. Second in command of a legion. Appointments to this rank seem to have ceased during the sole reign of Gallienus as part of a policy of excluding senators from military commands.
Tubicen – A trumpeter.
Urbanae (SWAT?) – A special police force of Rome, created to counterbalance the Praetorians.
Velites – A class of light infantry in the army of the Roman Republic.
Venator – A hunter (a type of immunes).
Vexillarius – Bearer of a vexillum (standard).
Vigiles ignis – were the firefighters.
Vigiles scelus – were the police.
And this same thing for these, beyond what I've already guessed at:
Field army: Formerly consisted of an army headquarters battalion, two corps, army troops (including army field artillery and army air defense artillery groups and brigades, an armored cavalry regiment, army aviation, military intelligence, combat engineer, and signal groups, and brigades), and a field army support command (FASCOM) consisting of military police, medical, and support (i.e., maintenance, quartermaster, and services) brigades, and transportation and ordnance groups. Now primarily an administrative arrangement, consisting of multiple corps. The last time a multiple-corps army took the field was Third Army directing VII and XVIII Corps during Operation Desert Storm. Armies now also operate as army service component commands (ASCCs) of unified combatant commands, such as Seventh Army/USAREUR. Armies have also effectively operated as military districts formerly in the continental United States. Fifth Army and First Army performed this function up until recently. Usually commanded by a general or lieutenant general.
Corps: Formerly consisted of a corps headquarters and two or more divisions, corps troops (consisting of corps artillery, an armored cavalry regiment, an air defense artillery group, and an army aviation group), an expeditionary sustainment command (ESC) and other organic support brigades. A corps is now designated as an "operational unit of employment", that may command a flexible number of modular units. Usually commanded by a lieutenant general. 20,000–45,000 soldiers.
Division: Formerly consisted of a division headquarters company, three maneuver brigades, division artillery (DIVARTY), sustainment brigade, an aviation brigade, an air defense artillery battalion, an armored cavalry squadron, and an engineer brigade, and other support assets. Until the brigade combat team program was developed, the division was the smallest self-sufficient level of organization in the U.S. Army. Current divisions are "tactical units of employment", and may command a flexible number of modular units, but generally will include three brigade combat teams and a combat aviation brigade, supported by a staff in a headquarters and headquarters battalion. Usually commanded by a major general who is supported by a command sergeant major. Typically consists of 17,000–21,000 soldiers but can grow up to 35,000–40,000 with attached support units.
Legio (Republic) – A legion in the pre-Marian armies consisted of 60 manipuli of infantry and 10 turmae of cavalry. By 250 BC, there would be four Legions, two commanded by each Consul: two Roman legions which would be accompanied by an additional two allied Legions of similar strength and structure. For every Roman Legion there would be an allied Legion.
Legio (Imperial) (Brigade) – A legion was composed of nine cohorts and one first cohort. The legion's overall commander was the legatus legionis, assisted by the praefectus castrorum and other senior officers.
Brigade (or group): Composed of three battalions, with a brigadier general or a colonel as commander, supported by a staff in a headquarters and headquarters company. Maneuver brigades have transformed into brigade combat teams, generally consisting of three maneuver battalions, a cavalry squadron, a fires battalion, a special troops battalion (with engineers, signals, and military intelligence), and a command sergeant major and a support battalion. Stryker brigade combat teams have a somewhat larger structure. 3,000–5,000 soldiers.
First Cohort (Cohors Prima) (Regiment) – The first cohort was a double strength cohort (consisting of five double-strength centuriae), numbering 800 men (excluding officers). The centurion of its first centuria, the Primus Pilus, commanded the first cohort and was also the most senior centurion in the legion.
Regiment: The Army, for the most part is no longer organized by regiments. Rather, battalions and squadrons maintain regimental affiliations in that they are called (for example), 1st Battalion, 8th Infantry (Regiment is implied) and is written 1–8 Inf. In this case, there is no regimental commander, and the battalion is organized as part of a brigade for combat. The exceptions are those units, such as armored cavalry regiments which remain organized, and fight, as a regiment and have a regimental commander. The written designation is easy to distinguish and commonly misused. A "forward slash" ("/") separates levels of command. 1st Squadron, 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment is written 1/3 ACR whereas the 1st Battalion, 6th Field Artillery (again, Regiment is implied) is written 1–6 FA.
Cohors (cohort) (Battalion) – A cohors consisted of 480 men. The most senior ranking centurion of the six centuriae commanded the entire cohors.
Battalion (or cavalry squadron): Normally composed of three companies, troops or batteries and led by a battalion/squadron commander, usually a lieutenant colonel supported by a command sergeant major and a staff in a headquarters and headquarters company/battery/troop. 300–1,000 soldiers.
Maniple (Manipulus) – The pre-Marian sub-unit of the Roman Legions, consisting of 120 men (60 for the Triarii).
Centuria (Company) – 80 men under the command of a centurion and his optio. Six centuriae formed a cohors.
Company (or artillery battery/cavalry troop): Designated A to C (plus HQ or support companies/batteries/troops) when in a 3 company/battery battalion or A to D when organized in a 4 company/battery battalion. Regimental troops are designated A to T, depending on the number of troops. The troops are then divided into their like squadrons. Each company/battery/troop is composed of a company/battery/troop headquarters and three platoons, and led by a company/battery/troop commander, usually a first lieutenant, captain or sometimes a major supported by a first sergeant. 62–190 soldiers.
Turma – A unit of cavalry in the pre-Marian army, which usually consisted of 32 horsemen.
Platoon: Composed of a platoon headquarters and three squads, led by a platoon leader, usually a second lieutenant supported by a platoon sergeant (sergeant first class). 42 soldiers.
Section: Usually directed by a sergeant supported by one or two corporals who supplies guidance for junior NCO squad leaders. Often used in conjunction with platoons at the company level. 12–24 soldiers.
Contubernium – The smallest organized unit of soldiers in the Roman Army. It was composed of eight legionaries led by a decanus. When on the march a Legion would often march contubernium-abreast (8-abreast). In the Imperial Legion, ten contubernia formed a centuria.
Contubernium (Squad) – The smallest organized unit of soldiers in the Roman Army. It was composed of eight legionaries led by a decanus. Ten contubernia formed a centuria.
Squad: Composed of two teams and is typically led by a staff sergeant or sergeant. 9 soldiers.
Team: The smallest unit. A fire team consists of a team leader (usually a sergeant or corporal), a rifleman, a grenadier, and an automatic rifleman. A sniper team consists of a sniper who engages the enemy and a spotter who assists in targeting, team defense, and security. 4 soldiers.
Vexillatio – A temporary task force of one or more centuriae detached from the legion for a specific purpose. A vexillatio was commanded by an officer appointed by the Legatus.
Hey, I was watching the @possiblehistory videos, specifically the What if France Won The Seven Years War and What if Prussia lost the Seven Years' War (But Britain Won)?
And I thought about:
How would Prussia be able to recover its territories under the reign of Frederick II the Great, (and who knows maybe even have his next heir under his control), would it have a good relationship with Russia, (mainly with Peter III of Russia)?
Would he participate in the Polish-Lithuanian partition?
What would the Indian campaign be like? Would he ever open an American independence?
How does this affect the Indian subcontinent campaign?
There would be some possibility that instead of Spain having a French revolution similar to the story in The World of Tricolors and Traditions: Human History Without Napoleon, as this image shows
What do you think?
And I thought about:
How would Prussia be able to recover its territories under the reign of Frederick II the Great, (and who knows maybe even have his next heir under his control), would it have a good relationship with Russia, (mainly with Peter III of Russia)?
Would he participate in the Polish-Lithuanian partition?
What would the Indian campaign be like? Would he ever open an American independence?
How does this affect the Indian subcontinent campaign?
There would be some possibility that instead of Spain having a French revolution similar to the story in The World of Tricolors and Traditions: Human History Without Napoleon, as this image shows
What do you think?
IMO your post has enough content and context to warrant a thread, and you'll probably get more results there. I'd open a thread about it if I was you.
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Anyway, what was the religious demographic situation like in the Crusader States? What were their conversion policies? I'm sort of wondering what the "Kingdom of Jerusalem" looks like if it survives until, say, the 17th Century.
@isabella @Kellan Sullivan
I wonder why no one considered marrying Alice of Eu to King John, she is a senior descendant of Alice/Adela of Normandy via William Sully of Blois.
I wonder why no one considered marrying Alice of Eu to King John, she is a senior descendant of Alice/Adela of Normandy via William Sully of Blois.
What If Charles II fell out of the oak tree in September 1651 just as Parliaments troops were passing underneath/nearby - a solider in surprise shoots and kills the King.
James is next in line, but he is serving in the French army! Henry, Charles I youngest is still in England* though....
*as far as I can figure out, he's still on the Isle of Wright.
James is next in line, but he is serving in the French army! Henry, Charles I youngest is still in England* though....
*as far as I can figure out, he's still on the Isle of Wright.