Kings of England (1066-1185)
1066 - 1079: Harold II (House of Godwin)[1]
1079 - 1082: Harold III (House of Godwin)[2]
1082 - 1126: Edward II (House of Godwin)[3]
1126 - 1133: Godric the Strong (House of Godwin) [4]
1133 - 1134: Egbert (House of Wessex) [5]
1134 - 1165: Harold IV (House of Wessex) [6]
1165 - 1167: Cynric (House of Wessex) [7]
1167 - 1185: Oswulf (House of Morcar) [8]
Kings and Queen of England and Wales (1185 - )
1185 - 1226: David I / Dafydd "The Great" (House of Gwynedd) [9]
1226 - 1256: Constantine I / Custennin (House of Gwynedd) [10]
1256 - 1284: Edward III / Iorwerth (House of Gwynedd) [11]
1284 - 1311: Constantine II / Custennin (House of Gwynedd) [12]
1311 - 1376: Catherine I / Catrin (House of Gwynedd) [13]
1376 - 1391: Edward IV / Iorwerth (House of Hereford) [14]
1391 - 1402: Wars of English Succession [15]
1402 - 1419: Llewellyn (House of Gwynedd) [16]
[1]After defeating both Duke William the Bastard and King Harald Hardrada, Harold II solidified once more the Anglo-Saxon rule over England. Not much is known about him, besides him dying of an illness in 1079 and being succeeded by his son, Harold.
[2] Harold III ruled only for three years when he died from an unknown disease hypothesized to be cancer.
[3] Brother of Harold III, Edward choose his royal number so as to count, his uncle, Edward the Confessor, as the first Edward to be King of England.
Edward had been born in 1051, and was married to Ogiva of Flanders, the youngest daughter of Robert I, Count of Flanders, this alliance would do the Kingdom of England well as Robert the Frisian, was also hostile to the Normans, and was able to help fend off a second wave of Invasion in 1122, 56 years after the battle of Hastings.
He died at the old age of 75, leaving his throne to his grandson, Godric, as his eldest son, Edgar, had died in the Battle of Dover, 1122.
[4] Godric's reign is primarily known as a time in which Wales was ultimately subjugated by the Anglo-Saxons. Godric himself was known as a fierce combatant who lead his armies in many battles. He died at the age of 35 after being kicked in the chest by his newly acquired horse. He left his throne to his 16 years old son, Harold.
[5] Although Godric wanted his son to suceed him, the Welsh rebellion and Scottish invasion led to the Witans of the Assemby to electe the 25 year old experienced commander of Godwin's Egbert of Wessex, Egbert was a descendent of Edgar of Wessex and Edward the Confessor's dynasty. Egbert defeated the Scottish invasion, and secured Wales, building a series of Forts to secure the region. He also began to develop a unified legal code for the nation.
[6] Harold, the son of Egbert of Wessex, became King at 21, and two years later married Beatrix, the daughter of David I of Scotland.
During his reign, the Kingdom of England and Scotland, put their differences aside and working together to conquer the land of Hibernia to the West.
He died age 48, with more land under his successor, Prince Cynric of Wessex's control.
[7] Cynric would continued the conquest, what the constant fighting brought ruin to the treasury. He died in combat, though there were whispers of treachry. Cynric left a bastard son as an heir, but the assemly would vote on the matter of successor
[8] The Witan chose the Earl of Northumbria, who could command the respects of the Earls of Mercia and of the East. He had rebuilt his Earldom well after the Scottish invasion of decades before, and he too had married a Scottish princess. His reign is notable for his conciliation to the Welsh, as he carved out a new earldom from its territory, and sat his second son up as its Earl, establishing the fiefs of those occupied Welsh land, and redistributing some land to Welsh-born lords. However, it would also be matched by his bloody suppression of rebellion in Ireland, a conflict he collaborated with the Scots in.
[8] Welsh-born, Dafydd, grandson of nobleman Owain Gwynedd, was a young Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales, during the reign of Oswulf, with many saying he was a favourite of the King and after his majesty's death, Dafydd was named King David I of England. By a combination of war and diplomatic marriages his royal house dominated England for the next 42 years of his reign.
He was called "the Great" by his subject in Wales, who were proud to be seen as an equal kingdom to that of England. While in England, he was praised by Barons when in 1215, King David chartered a new constitution, which drew out the lines of his political power and the power bestowed to the people of England and Wales, it is still in affect today, 800 years after being written.
[10] Born as fourth son of David he had very little chance to get the throne, but after death of his brothers (two of them died within one month in mysterious circumstances) he became only heir to his father, but he also became suspected of murder. As result revolt against his rule started in Northern Wales, led by man, who claimed to be David's oldest son , miraclousy saved from murder attempt of his evil brother. Fighting rebellions consume first five years of his reign.
[11] Iorwerth succeeded his grandfather after his father, Gwilym died fighting loyally for his father, King Constance, in the 1230 revolt in Luton.
On his succession he was crowned as Edward III, his twenty-eight year reign, saw an alliance between himself, King Francis of Brittany and King Alfonso of Leon.
His marriage to Matilda, daughter of Emperor Henry VIII of the Holy Roman Empire and had three sons and four daughters.
[12] Oldest son of Edward, as husband of Anne of France he presented claim to French throne after House of Capet died out in male line, starting long period of Anglo-French animosity.[/
[13] Catrin was the only living child of Constantine II and became queen, after his death. A large powerful woman, many artist compared her to the Celtic queen, Boudica, giving the kingdom a massive moral boost.
The only controversial issue about her marriage, was her determination to marry an English nobleman rather then a foreign prince of equal ranks. She died aged 80 years old.
[14] Son of Catrin and Edgar, viscount of Hereford. He gave up claim to French throne in peace of Calais, in exchange French king widthrew support for Llewellyn, Edward's distant cousin and claimant to Welsch and English crowns.
[15] When Edward died in 1391, his son was expected to ascend to the throne. However as the young Prince Richard was being brought from York to London, he died suddenly after suffering a fever. This left the English and Welsh thrones open. The northern Scottish Kingdom put forward a claimant, David, but he was rejected by the Privy Council. France then took the opportunity and prepared to launch and invasion of England to install Prince Henri on the throne. Scotland invaded to install David II, and several English nobles put forward their own claims. The Wars of English Succession was a five sided war between the French supported King Henry I, Scottish supported David II, Richard of Lancaster, James of Somerset and Llewellyn of Gwynedd. After a bitter and brutal war, Llewellyn of House Gwynedd was left in control of the English and Welsh thrones.
[16] Member of cadet branch of House of Gwynedd. Attempted many times to take the throne even before war of succession. When French backed candidate Henri died from fever in 1398 he get French support promising that if he will not left sons English and Welsh throne will go to one of sons of King of France, Robert V. Perspective of getting throne in London for one of his descandants was very likely for Robert, because Llewellyn was over 50 years old when he made his promise. With French help Llewellyn defeated other pretenders and regained crown for his house. Altought Robert's hopes for English and Welsh kingdoms for his son do not come true-Gwynedd fathered a a son with his third wife. LLewellyn died at age 75 leavin the throne to his only son, 7 years old ________.
1066 - 1079: Harold II (House of Godwin)[1]
1079 - 1082: Harold III (House of Godwin)[2]
1082 - 1126: Edward II (House of Godwin)[3]
1126 - 1133: Godric the Strong (House of Godwin) [4]
1133 - 1134: Egbert (House of Wessex) [5]
1134 - 1165: Harold IV (House of Wessex) [6]
1165 - 1167: Cynric (House of Wessex) [7]
1167 - 1185: Oswulf (House of Morcar) [8]
Kings and Queen of England and Wales (1185 - )
1185 - 1226: David I / Dafydd "The Great" (House of Gwynedd) [9]
1226 - 1256: Constantine I / Custennin (House of Gwynedd) [10]
1256 - 1284: Edward III / Iorwerth (House of Gwynedd) [11]
1284 - 1311: Constantine II / Custennin (House of Gwynedd) [12]
1311 - 1376: Catherine I / Catrin (House of Gwynedd) [13]
1376 - 1391: Edward IV / Iorwerth (House of Hereford) [14]
1391 - 1402: Wars of English Succession [15]
1402 - 1419: Llewellyn (House of Gwynedd) [16]
[1]After defeating both Duke William the Bastard and King Harald Hardrada, Harold II solidified once more the Anglo-Saxon rule over England. Not much is known about him, besides him dying of an illness in 1079 and being succeeded by his son, Harold.
[2] Harold III ruled only for three years when he died from an unknown disease hypothesized to be cancer.
[3] Brother of Harold III, Edward choose his royal number so as to count, his uncle, Edward the Confessor, as the first Edward to be King of England.
Edward had been born in 1051, and was married to Ogiva of Flanders, the youngest daughter of Robert I, Count of Flanders, this alliance would do the Kingdom of England well as Robert the Frisian, was also hostile to the Normans, and was able to help fend off a second wave of Invasion in 1122, 56 years after the battle of Hastings.
He died at the old age of 75, leaving his throne to his grandson, Godric, as his eldest son, Edgar, had died in the Battle of Dover, 1122.
[4] Godric's reign is primarily known as a time in which Wales was ultimately subjugated by the Anglo-Saxons. Godric himself was known as a fierce combatant who lead his armies in many battles. He died at the age of 35 after being kicked in the chest by his newly acquired horse. He left his throne to his 16 years old son, Harold.
[5] Although Godric wanted his son to suceed him, the Welsh rebellion and Scottish invasion led to the Witans of the Assemby to electe the 25 year old experienced commander of Godwin's Egbert of Wessex, Egbert was a descendent of Edgar of Wessex and Edward the Confessor's dynasty. Egbert defeated the Scottish invasion, and secured Wales, building a series of Forts to secure the region. He also began to develop a unified legal code for the nation.
[6] Harold, the son of Egbert of Wessex, became King at 21, and two years later married Beatrix, the daughter of David I of Scotland.
During his reign, the Kingdom of England and Scotland, put their differences aside and working together to conquer the land of Hibernia to the West.
He died age 48, with more land under his successor, Prince Cynric of Wessex's control.
[7] Cynric would continued the conquest, what the constant fighting brought ruin to the treasury. He died in combat, though there were whispers of treachry. Cynric left a bastard son as an heir, but the assemly would vote on the matter of successor
[8] The Witan chose the Earl of Northumbria, who could command the respects of the Earls of Mercia and of the East. He had rebuilt his Earldom well after the Scottish invasion of decades before, and he too had married a Scottish princess. His reign is notable for his conciliation to the Welsh, as he carved out a new earldom from its territory, and sat his second son up as its Earl, establishing the fiefs of those occupied Welsh land, and redistributing some land to Welsh-born lords. However, it would also be matched by his bloody suppression of rebellion in Ireland, a conflict he collaborated with the Scots in.
[8] Welsh-born, Dafydd, grandson of nobleman Owain Gwynedd, was a young Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales, during the reign of Oswulf, with many saying he was a favourite of the King and after his majesty's death, Dafydd was named King David I of England. By a combination of war and diplomatic marriages his royal house dominated England for the next 42 years of his reign.
He was called "the Great" by his subject in Wales, who were proud to be seen as an equal kingdom to that of England. While in England, he was praised by Barons when in 1215, King David chartered a new constitution, which drew out the lines of his political power and the power bestowed to the people of England and Wales, it is still in affect today, 800 years after being written.
[10] Born as fourth son of David he had very little chance to get the throne, but after death of his brothers (two of them died within one month in mysterious circumstances) he became only heir to his father, but he also became suspected of murder. As result revolt against his rule started in Northern Wales, led by man, who claimed to be David's oldest son , miraclousy saved from murder attempt of his evil brother. Fighting rebellions consume first five years of his reign.
[11] Iorwerth succeeded his grandfather after his father, Gwilym died fighting loyally for his father, King Constance, in the 1230 revolt in Luton.
On his succession he was crowned as Edward III, his twenty-eight year reign, saw an alliance between himself, King Francis of Brittany and King Alfonso of Leon.
His marriage to Matilda, daughter of Emperor Henry VIII of the Holy Roman Empire and had three sons and four daughters.
[12] Oldest son of Edward, as husband of Anne of France he presented claim to French throne after House of Capet died out in male line, starting long period of Anglo-French animosity.[/
[13] Catrin was the only living child of Constantine II and became queen, after his death. A large powerful woman, many artist compared her to the Celtic queen, Boudica, giving the kingdom a massive moral boost.
The only controversial issue about her marriage, was her determination to marry an English nobleman rather then a foreign prince of equal ranks. She died aged 80 years old.
[14] Son of Catrin and Edgar, viscount of Hereford. He gave up claim to French throne in peace of Calais, in exchange French king widthrew support for Llewellyn, Edward's distant cousin and claimant to Welsch and English crowns.
[15] When Edward died in 1391, his son was expected to ascend to the throne. However as the young Prince Richard was being brought from York to London, he died suddenly after suffering a fever. This left the English and Welsh thrones open. The northern Scottish Kingdom put forward a claimant, David, but he was rejected by the Privy Council. France then took the opportunity and prepared to launch and invasion of England to install Prince Henri on the throne. Scotland invaded to install David II, and several English nobles put forward their own claims. The Wars of English Succession was a five sided war between the French supported King Henry I, Scottish supported David II, Richard of Lancaster, James of Somerset and Llewellyn of Gwynedd. After a bitter and brutal war, Llewellyn of House Gwynedd was left in control of the English and Welsh thrones.
[16] Member of cadet branch of House of Gwynedd. Attempted many times to take the throne even before war of succession. When French backed candidate Henri died from fever in 1398 he get French support promising that if he will not left sons English and Welsh throne will go to one of sons of King of France, Robert V. Perspective of getting throne in London for one of his descandants was very likely for Robert, because Llewellyn was over 50 years old when he made his promise. With French help Llewellyn defeated other pretenders and regained crown for his house. Altought Robert's hopes for English and Welsh kingdoms for his son do not come true-Gwynedd fathered a a son with his third wife. LLewellyn died at age 75 leavin the throne to his only son, 7 years old ________.
Last edited: