It would not have really been the Soviet Union without all of its republics, but I see what you mean. It would have still been communist, am I right?
He means that Hungary and the other non-Soviet Warsaw Pact states could leave while Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Belarus, and the other Socialist Republics remain in the Soviet Union. Hungary, Poland, DDR, those leaving the Pact wouldn't necessarily cause Ukraine or the others to leave the USSR.
As for when the Soviet Union could fall apart, a nuclear war could easily cause it to balkanize.
That aside, you basically need to put a moderate (Gorbachev) in power, because a hard-liner would not tolerate peaceful secession. Which is just very unlikely before the economic collapse of the 1980s. So, barring nuclear war or other disaster, I'd say the Soviet Union will not fall apart until the mid-1980s.