Basileus' Interference Timeline

basileus

By now (about 850 AD), it has been stopped along the Indus river or shortly beyond it. Obviously, later developments will follow.
 

basileus

Feel an urge for order and logics?

Here you are the rulers of Byzantium, Western Byzantium and the Holy Roman Catholic Empire of the West.


In Constantinople

Flavian Dynasty

Costantine I the Great 324-337
Constantius 337-361
Julian the Apostate 361-363

Jovian 363-364

Valens 364-378

Theodosian Dynasty

Theodosius I the Great 379-395
Arcadius 395-408
Theodosius II 408-450

Marcianus 450-457

Leo I the Great 457-474
Leo II 474

Zeno I Tarasicodissa 474-475

Basiliscus 475-476

Zeno I Tarasicodissa (restored) 476-491

Anastasius I 491-518

Justinian Dynasty

Justin I 518-527
St. Justinian I the Learned 527-559

Belisarius 559-566

Justin II 566-578

Tiberius II Constantine (as regent 572-578) 578-582

Maurice I Tiberius 582-602

Phocas the Tyrant 602-610

Heraclian Dynasty

Heraclius the Great 610-641
Constantine III Heraclius 641
Heraclonas Constantine 641
Belisarius III Heraclius Pogonatus (the Bearded) 641-663
Constantine IV 663-685
Belisarius IV the Cruel 685-695

St. Leontius I the Shield of Christianity 695-711

Smaragdus the Heresiarch 711-715

Philippicus Bardanes 715-717

Isaurian Dynasty

Leo III the Isaurian 717-741
Constantine V Copronymus (the Dung-named) 741-775
Leo IV the Khazar 775-780
Constantine VI the Blinded 780-797
Irene the Athenian 780-790 as regent, 797-798 as basileus (!) on her own after blinding his son

Marcianus II Bulla (794-806 in Western Byzantium), 798-803 in Constantinople

Bardanes (Bardas I) the Turk 803-809

Leo V the Armenian 809-823

Thomas the Slav 823-827

Rhodian or Eustatian Dynasty

Eustace I the Drungarios 827-


Western Byzantium (Carthage, Rome, Ravenna, Syracuse)

Belisarius II 586-607 (son of Maurice of Byzantium)

(eastern Byzantine rule 607-641)

Gregorian dynasty

Gregory the Patrician 641-660
Maurus Heraclian 660-670
Constantianus the Renegade, Amir al-Kafirun 670

(eastern Byzantine rule 670-711)

Leontid Dynasty (scions of Leontius I of Byzantium)

Tiberius III 711-742
Leontius II 742-752
Maurice II 752-754
Theodota (regent 752-754, own rule 754-756, co-empress 756-767)

John Vivariotes (usurper, ruled 756-762)

Bulla dynasty

Marcianus I Bulla 762-782
Leontius III Bulla 782-794
Marcianus II Bulla 794-806, 798-803 in Constantinople too
806-808, empire crushed between the Carolingians and the Idrisids


And finally, the Holy Roman Catholic Empire of the West (HRCEW):
Pepin I the Great 757-766
Charles I the Great 766-799 (766-770 disputed by Carloman)
Pepin II the Hunchback 799-802
Charles II 802-811
Louis I the Pious 811-840 (818-819 disputed by bernard and Roland, 831-832 deposed by Lothar)
840-843 Civil war
843-855 Lothar I
 

basileus

856-860

Time for another update

855-857

Central-Eastern Europe:
Greater Moravia resists Eastern Frankish encroachments

856

Byzantine Empire:
An unholy Omayyad-Byzantine alliance wrests Cyprus from the Abbasid Caliphate, sharing the island as a co-dominium; the Byzantine fleet also takes and burns the Syrian port of Latakia.

Western Europe:
After escaping from his confinement in a monastery, Pepin II of Aquitaine allies with the marauding Vikings, setting ablaze the town of Poitiers.

British Isles:
A major invasion of Wales by the Dublin Vikings is routed by Rhodri Mawr, who kills the Norse king Gorm; the Dublin Vikings then recognize as their next king Olaf I of the Norwegian Yngling royal clan

857

Northern Europe:
Rurik of Frisia conquers Haithabu/Hedeby,a rich sea-trading town on the Baltic between Denmark and Saxony

858

North Africa:
Solomon Bar Yehuda founds the Judeo-Christian Berber kingdom of Cabilia in the mountains of central northern Numidia (*OTL Algeria), a bulwark against Idrisid encroachment

858-859

Western Europe:
Supported of Charles IV of Burgundy and Provence and of Pepin II of Aquitaine, Louis the German, king of East Francia/Germany, invades West Francia and overthrows his deeply unpopular half-brother Charles the Bald; Pepin II is enthroned in France despite objections from the Church. The emperor Louis II “Murus Ecclesiae” (the Church’s Wall), concentrated on retaking the south of Italy from the Idrisids, doesn’t act at all

858-863

Western Europe:
King Tiago III of Gallastria (Galicia and Asturias) allies with the Irish Vikings, who unleash a pirate campaigns against Visigothic Spain; many Spanish cities, notably Sevilla, are fiercely set on fire by the Vikings, who also flock to serve as mercenaries in Gallastria, which in turn regains freedom from Spain

859

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Khazars defeat the Black Bulgarians of the Khanate of Rus at the battle of Baltavar/Poltava; afterwards they entrust Kiev to the Varangians (Swedish Vikings).

Southern Europe:
Emperor Louis II retakes Salerno from the Idrisids after a long siege

Western Europe:
Rurik of Frisia plunders Bremen

860

Byzantine Empire:
A Russo-Varangian army and fleet suddenly appears under the walls of Constantinople; the city holds, but the shock is great. The Byzantines suffer a new defeat in Crete at the hands of the local Arabs.

Southern Europe:
The Idrisids, having gained de facto domination of the Adriatic Sea, sack Grado. Khan Boris I of Bulgaria suffers a setback against the Serbs.

British Isles:
Wessex annexes Kent.

Northern Europe:
Viking seafarers discover Iceland (already inhabited by small Irish monastic communities). The Norwegian kingdom of Sogn, ruled by Harald the Young of the Yngling clan, becomes a vassal of Vestfold, ruled by Harald’s father Halfdan III the Black

Western Europe:
Rurik is deprived of his Frisian possessions by king Louis II the German of East Francia/Germany

ca. 860

Southern Europe:
The Bulgarians enforce their supremacy over inner Albania; the coast remains in Byzantine hands. The town of Pisa, with the favor of HRCEW Louis II, becomes the main Christian sea power of the Western Mediterranean

Northern Europe:
Alvheim is annexed by Vestfold/Norway

SE Asia:
The kingdom of Mataram ousts Srivijayan forces from Java.
 

basileus

861-865

I'm stubborn as a mule, isn'it?

861

Central-Eastern Europe:
Historic religious debate at the Khazar court at Itil (near Astrakhan) between the Byzantines Cyril and Methodius, the Jewish Rabbi Yitzhak HaSangari and the Islamic Sunni clerk Farabi ibn Kora.

Caucasus:
Northern Azerbaigian secedes from the Abbasid Caliphate establishing the Shirvan emirate under the Yazidids.

Central Asia:
Abu Yusuf Ya’qub al-Saffar founds the Saffarid dynasty in Seistan (eastern Persia/Iran)

861-871

Middle East:
The death of Caliph al-Mutawakkil is followed by a time of rapid changes on the Abbasid Caliphal throne in Baghdad. The Caliphal Turkish guard becomes the paramount power in the Abbasid Caliphate from its base in Samarra, undermining the power of the Tahirid clan; meantime the Sunni Council of the Ulema, ruled by Wali Abdurrahman I, becomes a strong religious power shadowing the Caliphs, de facto prisoners ibn Baghdad; the Egyptian Omayyads will never recognize the spiritual power of the Walis, opening the schism between the Waliist (or Eastern) and Caliphist (or Western) branches of Sunnism

862

Southern Europe:
The Viking chieftain Hastings, after raiding Mediterranen Spain, fiercely plunders Luni (eastern Liguria), which begins to decline.

Western Europe:
Judith, daughter of the deposed king of West Francia/France Charles the Bald, marries the count of Flanders Baldwin Iron Arm, an illegitimate scion of the Carolingians (grandson of the late Bernard, rival of Louis the Pious); he gets the title of margrave (marquis) of Flanders by king Pepin II.

Central-Eastern Europe:
An alliance is sealed between Byzantium and Greater Moravia against both the HRCEW (Carolingian Empire) and Bulgaria. The Varangian-Slavic Rus’ state is born when Rurik of Frisia, once moved to the eastern Baltic, conquers Staraja Ladoga and Novgorod

863

Byzantine Empire:
Basileus Eustace I the Great dies at 78 in his bed, the first Byzantine ruler to do so since Leo IV the Khazar; he is succeeded by his elder son Constantine VII, who as his first act blinds and mutilates his brother Belisarius, gaining the passionate hatred of the Patriarchate and the people. The Byzantine army gains a most great victory over the Abbasids, the Arabs of Melitene (*OTL Malatya) and the Paulicians in central Anatolia at the river Halys and at Martinopolis, weakening all these enemies.

Western Europe:
Charles IV of Burgundy and Provence dies without heirs, and his domains are carved between his relatives. Burgundy is annexed to Lothar II’s Lotharingia, Provence by emperor Louis II’s kingdom of Italy.

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Byzantine saints Cyril and Methodius, mixed-blood Graeco-Slavs of Thessalonica, convert Greater Moravia to Orthodox (Byzantine) christianity and invent the Glagolithic alphabet (ancestor to the simpler Cyrillic one): this marks the beginning of a close struggle between the Papacy in Rme and the Patriarchate of Constantinople to evangelize the Slavs. Khan Shilki of the Black Bulgarians restores the Rus Bulgarian Khanate in Poltava.

Northern Europe:
Harald I Fairhair, still a child, succeeds his father Halfdan III the Black on the throne of Vestfold; in later years he’ll quickly unifiy all of Norway

864

Western Europe:
Upon the death of Pepin II of West Francia/France and Aquitaine, Charles the Bald tries to regain the crown from his monastic exile in Soissons (the psame monastery he previously confined Pepin II in...) together with his son Louis the Stammerer, but the two are overcome and killed by Baldwin of Flanders at the battle of Nanterre near Paris. Thereafter Baldwin has himself anointed king of West Francia/France in Reims, founding the Baldovingian dynasty of France. Marquis Arnald of Vasconia/Navarra instead acknowledges the suzerainty of emperor Louis II to thwart Visigothic Spain’s ambitions

Southern Europe:
Emperor Louis II retakes Amalfi from the Idrisids, who preserve their hold on Calabria and Puglia

864-867

Byzantine Empire:
Basileus Constantine VII deposes and jails in a monastery the Patriarch of Constantinople Ignatius, its more bitter adversary, and replaces him with the more compliant Photius. Pope Nicholas I, from Rome, refuses this imperial appointment and a schism opens between Rome and Constantinople, already competing for religious influence in Bulgaria and Greater Moravia and divided by a doctrinal issue about the origin of the Holy Spirit

865

Western Europe:
To acknowledge the most irregular accession to the throne of West Francia/France of Baldwin Iron Arm (who is an illegitimate scion of the Carolingians), HRCEW Louis II forces Baldwin to cede Aquitaine as an appanage for Lothar II’s son, Hugo of Els, in exchange for the detachment of Baldwin’s Flanders from Lotharingia and their attachment to West Francia/France.

Southern Europe:
The Venetian fleet thwarts a renewed Idrisid attack on Grado.

Central-Eastern Europe:
Khan Shilki of the Black Bulgarians of Rus inherits the throne of the Volga Bulgarians and proclaims conversion to Sunni (Waliist) Islam of the Khanate, changing his own name to Khan Gabdula/Abdullah; Bolgar is made the capital of the Volga Bulgarian Khanate
 

G.Bone

Whoa. An Islamic version of Bulgaria-

Words cannot describe my surpise at that.

It's a good TL but maybe you should put a "Who's Who" and "What's What" thing to help curry the idea forward. As one writer of a long ass story to another, it helps to soften the points so that it can be understood. Of course, yours being alt-hist, it's a bit (more) obvious than fiction (which is what I did)
 

basileus

G.Bone said:
Whoa. An Islamic version of Bulgaria-

Words cannot describe my surpise at that.

It's a good TL but maybe you should put a "Who's Who" and "What's What" thing to help curry the idea forward. As one writer of a long ass story to another, it helps to soften the points so that it can be understood. Of course, yours being alt-hist, it's a bit (more) obvious than fiction (which is what I did)
Click to expand...

Stop it: that is VOLGA Bulgaria - Kazan, you know? eastern Russia, Tatarstan, and that's not ATL, it's reality. Bulgaria proper ("Danubian" Bulgaria) will become Christian Orthodox as in OTL. As to the who's who and the what's waht, I think of expanding things into a genral "wikipedia" of this TL when I'll find the time ;)
 

basileus

866-870

865-867

British Isles:
The Danish king Ragnar Lodbrok assaults Anglo-Saxon Northumbria, but is defeated in battle by king Aella, who throws him a pit full of poisonous snakes. Ragnar’s fourth son, Ivar the Boneless, thereafter invades Northumbia and avenges his father by killing Aella with the excruciating torment of the “blood eagle”

866

Southern Europe:
Upon the death of Caliph Yahya II, the Idrisid Shi’a Caliphate begins to fragment and decline; Sicily, Calabria, Bari and Taranto establish de facto independent Shi’a emirates

867

Byzantine Empire:
A coup in Constantinople, schemed by the logothetes ton dromon (minister of the interiors) Symbatios, leads to the assassination of the hated Constantine VII, who is replaced with his maternal nephew Bardas II. Symbatios remains as the true emperor behind the scenes, and has Patriarch Photius replaced by Ignatius to compose the schism with Rome. A Byzantine fleet breaks the apparently endless siege the Idrisids had laid to Ragusa/Dubrovnik, retakes Dalmatia and conquers Otranto, the first (Eastern) Byzantine foothold in Italy in a century.

British Isles:
The Covenant of the Double Crown allows Picts and Scots to preserve each an independent kingdom (Alba and Scotland respectively) in personal union under the MacFergus royal clan. It is also affirmed that the crown will pass in a matrilineal succession, but that it will never stay on a woman’s head (the Alban law of succession)

868

Southern Europe:
The Sklavinian (*OTL Balkan) Bulgarian Khan (from now on Czar, that is Caesar) Boris I converts to Orthodox Byzantine christianity after four years of doubts because of Rome’s attempts to have its influence prevail in the area; Christianization will be enforced by Boris with great bloodshed.

North Africa:
Ahmad ibn Simba, vizir (prime minister) of Omayyad Egypt and son of a Swahili slave-soldier, despite being an eunuch, enforces his own power and his relatives’ upon the weak Omayyads, becoming Egypts’ strongman

869

British Isles:
The Danish Viking Guthrum assassinates king Edmund and makes East Anglia his own domain.

Southern Europe:
Emperor Louis II defeats the Idrisid emirs of Puglia at the battle of Siponto

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Greater Moravian ruler Rastislav is captured and blinded by the eastern Franks/Germans in a coup plotted by his nephew Svätopluk.

Caucasus:
Hashim ibn Suraqa founds at Derbent the sultanate of Daghestan as a Muslim rival to Avaristan, still paramount in the inner mountains.

Central Hesperia (*OTL America):
Last date recording in Mutul/Tikal, afterwards this major Mayan city too is abandoned to the jungle, as happens to Caracol/Oxuitza; meantime Chichén Itzà, in the Yucatàn, ruled through an oligarchic republic (the “multepal”), has become the most important ceremonial center of the Mayan world

869-870

Byzantine Empire:
The Fourth Council of Constantinople, the last recognized by both the local Patriarchate and Rome, settles the Photian schism. Photius, though no more the Patriarch and officially condemned, will remain a most influent man of letters and piety, leaving his strong mark on the Byzantine Church

869-871

Northern Europe:
Atli hinn Mjovi and his son Hesteinn try to free the Norwegian kingdom of Sogn from Vestfold’s/Norway’s hegemony, but are quickly defeated and their domain is annexed

869-883

Middle East:
The Great Rebellion of the Zanj (black slaves from eastern Africa), led by the Persian Alì ibn Muhammad, erupts in lower Iraq; though finally tamed, it stops the use of slavery in agriculture in the Islamic world

870

Western Europe:
The Treaty of Mersen brings about a partition of Lotharingia after Lothar II’s death between Baldwin I of France and Louis the German: the former gains only Lorraine proper, while Louis, backed by his nephew, the emperor Louis II, Rhineland, Alsace, parts of Frisia.

Northern Europe:
Rurik, now ruler of “Russia” (from ruotsi, the Finnish name given to the Swedes) regains his possessions in Frisia.

British Isles:
The Vikings take and sack Dumbarton, capital of Strathclyde, and annex Dunbar and Galloway to their domains. Wessex annexes the remnants of Dumnonia/Devon, but the Cornish, in alliance with the Vikings, reconquer part of Devon.

Byzantine Empire:
Bardas II, despite lacking any military exprience, sets out for an expedition against the Paulician strongholds in Anatolia. Bardas proves lucky and able, and the campaign is a stunning success: the Paulician rebel state of Tephrike is annihilated in the battle of Bathiriacos, where the Paulician Heresiarch, the Chrisocheiros, is killed.

North Africa:
The kingdom of Tlemsen (western Numidia) is jointly overrun and annihilated by king David I of Mauretania, king Joshua of Cabilia and prince Solomon II of Tiaret/Tahert

ca. 870

Northern Europe:
Hålogaland, a Norwegian local kingdom formerly under Danish influence, is absorbed by Namdalen, actively resisting the Norwegian unification promoted by Harald Fairhair of Vestfold
 

basileus

871-875

871

Southern Europe:
The HRCEW and king of Italy Louis II “Murus Ecclesiae” campaigns in Puglia, wresting Bari from the local Muslim emirs; the Byzantines, meantime, take Leuca and Gallipoli at the southern end of the “heel” of Italy.

British Isles:
Caithness, the northernmost tip of Alba/Pictland, is conquered by the Vikings of the Orkneys. Rhodri Mawr of Gwynedd and Powys gets also the crown of Ceredigion/Cardigan/Seisyllwg, solidifying his primacy in Wales

872

Central Asia:
The Samanid sultanate of Bokhara secedes from the Abbasid Caliphate and holds sway over Central Asia and northern Afghanistan

872-874

Byzantine Empire:
Basileus Bardas II leads ruthless campaigns against the Arab emirate of Melitene (*OTL Malatya) and the Abbasid forces; with Armenian help a decisive victory is gained at Samosata and Melitene falls back on Byzantine hands

873

Central Asia:
The Saffarids overthrow Tahirid power in Afghanistan and Khorasan, exerting a theoretical overlordship even upon the Samanids of Bokhara

874

North Africa:
The Battle of the Bagradas (*OTL Medjerda) river between a Cabilian/Numidian coalition and Arab forces marks the end of Idrisid encroachments westwards: the Shi’a Caliphate is indeed put on the defensive.

Northern Europe:
The Norwegian Vikings settle Iceland, bringing with them many Irish and Pictish slaves; the few Irish monks living there are killed, enslaved or put on a quick flight.

British Isles:
Danish Vikings overrun and conquer weakened Mercia. The central English kingdom is partly annexed, divided into the “Five Boroughs” of Lincoln (the seat of the former kingdom of Lindsey), Nottingham, Stamford, Leicester, Derby, which form the “Danelaw” (Danish domain); another part is left as a rump state under the Anglo-Saxon puppet king Ceolwulf II. Rognvald Eysteinsson founds the powerful Viking Jarldom of the Orkneys.

Central-Eastern Europe:
Greater Moravia accepts to pay tribute to the Eastern Franks of Germany; it also conquers the Duchy of Lesser Poland (Cracow and the upper Vistula)

874-877

Western Europe:
King Solomon III of Brittany is murdered by his son-in-law Pasquitan of Vannes, but soon the Vikings shatter the kingdom. King Baldwin I of West Francia/France regains Anjou from Brittany

875

British Isles:
The Danish Vikings take York from Anglo-Saxon Northumbria, renaming it Jorvik, and establish there an own heathen kingdom under Halfdan I, holding sway from Strathclyde to the Danelaw and most of England.

Far East:
The great rebellion led by Huang Chao erupts in the central Chinese region of Henan.

Southern Europe:
The Venetians crush a fleet of Dalmatian Slavic pirates (the Narentans, leftover of the Idalskans) at Grado; in sign of gratitude, basileus Bardas II allows free trade with Dalmatia for Venice, which by now has completely shaken off any sign of subjection to the HRCEW apart from words and occasional gifts to the emperor

ca. 875

Central Asia:
Khorezm regains independence from the Abbasid Caliphate.

Northern Europe:
Harald I Fairhair completes the process of national unification of Norway by absorbing Sondmor, Agder and Hedmark. Many rebels and dissidents emigrate to the British Isles and Iceland
 

basileus

876-880

875-876

Western Europe:
The Holy Roman Catholic Emperor of the West and king of Italy Louis II “Murus Ecclesiae” dies without male issue; he is succeeded as king of Italy by his cousin Charles the Fat and as emperor by Charles’s father, Louis III the German. When Louis III dies too less than a year later, Charles the Fat becomes emperor as Charles III, while the kingdom of the East Franks (Germany) is carved between the other two sons of Louis the German, Pepin, (*OTL Carloman) who gets Bavaria and Swabia, and Louis IV who gets Saxony and Franconia

876

British Isles:
Alfred the Great, king of Wessex, at firt suffers heavy defeats at the hands of the Viking invaders, then soundly repels them out of the core of his domains.

Southern Europe:
In Romancia (*OTL eastern Switzerland plus Valtellina) duke Waltarius, the last of the native house of the Firmians (a three century old dynasty), marries his daughter Theodula to an Alamannic feudatory, Everhard Strong Arm, to ensure a smooth succession

Middle East:
Ya’qub as-Saffar from his power base in eastern Persia invades Fars and Khuzistan heading for Baghdad, but his attempt is thwarted by Abbasid Caliphal forces (the Turkish Guard and the Tahirids) at the battle of Deyrol-Aqul.

Central-Eastern Europe:
Upon the death odf prince Kocelj Pribinović, the Slavic principality of Balaton is peacefully absorbed into the Carolingian march of Carantania/Carinthia (vassal to the kingdom of the East Franks/Germany).

876-877

Western Europe:
HRCEW Charles III the Fat and his brothers Pepin (*OTL Carloman) and Louis begin to quarrel about their respective domains and to plot against each other

Southern Europe:
A Byzantine expedition led by basileus Bardas II lands in Puglia and crushes the emirate of Taranto, freeing the ancient city from Muslim yoke, then heads to Calabria reconquering Crotone and Rossano. Being this territories theoretically belonging to the HRCEW, an undeclared state of war between the latter and Byzantium follows

877

Middle East:
Taking as pretext the will to help his Zanj brothers still revolting in Iraq, the strongman of Omayyad Egypt Ahmad ibn Simba invades and conquers Syria, taking Antioch, Damascus and Aleppo; the Egyptians, though, can’t advance further.

Southern Europe:
Gaeta (southern Latium) is made a Duchy under John I.

India:
Amoghavarsha I Rahstrakuta dies after firmly implanting Zoroastrism in western India aside traditional Hinduism. The eastern Chalukyas of Vengi, former Rashtrakuta vassals, proclaim independence

877-878

British Isles:
Alfred the Great routs the Danes: by the Treaty of Wedmore they cede overlorship upon eastern Mercia to Wessex, retaining instead the Danelaw with the “Five Boroughs”. The Danish Viking Ubbe, a son of Ragnar Lodbrok, briefly enforces his rule over Wales; a few months after Rhodri Mawr, aging but still vigorous, comes back from his exile in Ireland and wipes away the invaders, establishing full kingship over the whole of Wales, whose other rulers are reduced to vassal state

Southern Europe:
Duke Lambert I of Spoleto and his brother Guido II attack the Byzantines in Puglia, forcing basileus Bardas II to raise the siege of Arab-held Reggio Calabria. The Byzantines then conquer Bari, Siponto and the whole of Puglia, establishing there the theme (province) of the Italian Chersonesos; Lambert and Guido, being inferior in numbers, withdraw north

877-896

British Isles:
The Viking kingdoms of Limerick and Dublin are unified, then each goes its way again

878

British Isles:
Anglo-Saxon Northumbria is finally conquered: king Egbert II is sacrificed to Odin by Halfdan I of the York/Jorvik Vikings. The Picto-Scots raid Viking-held Strathclyde.

Western Europe:
The county of Gerona is absorbed into that of Barcelona, which becomes a march under constant threat from Visigothic Spain

Caucasus:
The Armenians drive the last Abbasid governor from Dvin, their major city

India:
In Nepal the Raghavadevas/Thakuri succeed to the long-lasting rule of the Licchavi dynasty

879

Southern Europe, Byzantine Empire:
Basileus Bardas II advances quickly up to Latium and threatens Rome; then, confronted by an army led by HRCEW Charles III the Fat and Lambert I and Guido II of Spoleto, and hearing news of a plot to replace him with his crippled brother Theodore, he hurries back to Constantinople, having the scheming Symbatius beheaded and Theodore confined in a monastery.

Western Europe:
King Baldwin I Iron Arm of West Francia/France dies and his succession is immediately disputed between his young son Baldwin II, the king of Saxony and Franconia Louis, and the sub-king of Aquitaine Hugo of Els; though major battles don’t take place, chaos is rampant

Far East:
The Chinese rebels led by Huang Chao attack Guangzhou/Canton and massacre there thousands of Muslim, Christian, Manichaean and Jewish merchants

880

Western Europe:
To summon support from the feudatories, young Baldwin II of France ensures heritability of major fiefs with the Capitular of Quierzy: the move will soon force other rulers in Christian Europe to comply and set the stage for further feudal anarchy. Hugo, son of Louis of Saxony-Franconia, is then killed at the battle of Auxerre; Louis himself is murdered by his nephew Arnulf of Carinthia, who thus reunifies East Francia/Germany under his rule

Southern Europe:
In Italy duke Guido II of Spoleto and his son Guido III force Pope John VIII to crown them as co-emperors and co-kings of Italy; the deposed Charles III the Fat is killed by treason in Pavia before even being informed about that. Taking advantage of the chaos count Boso of Vienne wrests lands to both West Francia/France and Italy and founds the kingdom of Lower Burgundy, holding sway over Savoy and Provence, between the Rhone, the Alps and the Jura

Central-Eastern Europe:
Foundation of Prague as the capital of the Premyslid Duchy of Bohemia
 

basileus

881-885

880-889

Caucasus:
Iberia/Georgia gains complete independence from the Abbasid Caliphate; at Tbilisi, though, a Muslim emirate loyal to Baghdad persists

880-907

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Ostmark (Austria) is detached from Bavaria under margrave Aribo

881

Western Europe:
The Treaty of Ribémont redesigns the main partitions of the HRCEW. France and Lower Lotharingia (Netherlands, Belgium) are acknowledged as the legitimate possession of Baldwin II, Boso of Vienne is accepted as the ruler of Lower Burgundy, Hugo of Els has Aquitaine detached by France and elevated to a full kingdom on its own, with domain over the border marches with Visigothic Spain; Germany is reunified under Arnulf of Carinthia. The latter and Baldwin II both want the imperial crown, but distrust each other: so they accept as a compromise to proclaim as emperor Hugo of Els, weaker than both, as the Carolingian candidate to the HRCEW crown against the usurper Guido III of Spoleto. Meantime, taking advantage of the civil wars, the Danes occupied Flanders and Hainault (the region between Valenciennes and Liege)
Far East:
Huang Chao’s Chinese rebels occupy the imperial capital, Chang’An/Xian, forcing the T’ang to flee for help to the Sichuan whence they ask the Dangxiang/Tangut Tibetans for help

882

Southern Europe:
Hugo of Els, with support fom Boso of Lower Burgundy and many counts and dukes of northern Italy, crosses the Alps and the Apennines, deposing Guido III of Spoleto. Guido III takes refuge in Byzantine Puglia; his domains are occupied by count Berengar of Friul, loyal to Hugo. Venice enforces overlordship upon western Histria. A Byzantine fleet defeats the Muslim Sicilian navy at Capo Rizzuto (Calabria)

Central-Eastern Europe:
Greater Moravia invades Bohemia to quell a rebellion and spread Christianity. The Varangian (Swedish) Oleg, brother-in-law of the deceased Rurik of Frisia and Novgorod-Rus’, ascends the throne of Kiev

883

Central-Eastern Europe:
Greater Moravia wrests overlorship on Balaton (Slavic Pannonia, west of the Danube) from Carinthia, thus beginning a lethal confrontation with king Arnulf of the Eastern Franks.

Western Europe:
King Theodomiro II of Spain conquers Vasconia/Navarra, killing marquis Sancho Mitarra and installing there his second son Raynaldo as marquis: thus the Raynaldez dynasty of Navarra is founded. Theodomiro II then crosses the Pyrenees and subdues Aquitaine while emperor Hugo is still in Italy; he advances up to the Loire, where he is finally killed by the marauding Vikings, who thereafter sack Bordeaux and Limoges

British Isles:
Mercia is de facto annexed to Wessex and reduced to an important earldom

884

Southern Europe:
Basileus Bardas II the Great stages his second Italian campaign. Landed at Taranto with a 20,000 strong army, he heads north in support of the Spoletan claim to the throne of Italy and the imperial crown of the West. The decisive clash with Hugo’s forces takes place at Larino (Molise) and resolves in a crushing victory for the Byzantines: Hugo is killed on the battlefield, while count Berengar of Friul flees to organize resistance north of the Apennines. Bardas II then enters Rome, received by Pope Adrian III. Here Guido III is reinstated as king of Italy under Byzantine suzerainty

British Isles:
Rhodri Mawr dies, dividing Wales among his sons Gwriad (Powys and the High Kingship of Wales) and Anarawd (Gwynedd and Cardigan/Seisyllwg)

North Africa:
Djirva (*OTL Djerba) successfully resists a Byzantine naval assault

India:
The Saffarids invade and vassalize Hindu Kashmir and Muslim-ruled Punjab (held by the emirs of Multan), wreaking great carnage among the Hindus (the Hindukush name is born in these years, meaning literally: “Hindu killer”)

Central Asia:
An independent Zaydi kingdom is established in Tabaristan, which broke free from Abbasid rule again under the local Bavandid dynasty.

Far East:
T’ang loyalist forces and Turkic mercenaries finally crush Huang Chao’s revolt in China, but the T’ang are approaching the end

885

Southern Europe:
Historic meeting in Florence between basileus Bardas II, Baldwin II of France and Arnulf of Carinthia and Germany. It is convened that the Papacy should remain a neutral border land between Byzantium and the Spoletan kingdom of Italy to the south and east and a new Kingdom of Lombardy to the north and west to bestow upon Berengar of Friul. Byzantium gains direct rule over most of the Italian south, divided in the themes (provinces) of Italian Chersonesos (Puglia), Idalikon (Campania and Basilicata/Lucania), Roxaneia (Calabria, from its capital in Rossano). Bardas guarantees no further claims on the HRCEW crown by Guido III of Spoleto; Arnulf and Baldwin, always refusing to see the imperial crown on the other’s head, jointly decide to appoint as emperor the king of Lower Burgundy Boso of Vienne, a non-Carolingian in good relations with both. Venice’s complete independence from any power is also agreed: Doge John II Badoer is now a sovereign on par with the HRCEW and the Basileus.

Western Europe:
Baldwin II of France, on his way back, forcibly seizes Aquitaine and Septimania, wiping away Vikings and Visigoths; meantime Eudes, count of Paris, soundly defeats the Viking invaders of northern France.

Northern Europe:
Vendeyssel, the northern tip of Jutland, is annexed to the kingdom of Denmark, which is completing the national unification
 

basileus

Yes and no at the same time. It historically played the in-and-out game with France, so...but later developments, at least for the following quarter of century, are mostly historical. I f you meant the Visigothic invasion, well, that's really AH, in my TL the Arabs didn't go beyond Tunisia, so...
 

basileus

886-890

886

Northern Europe, Western Europe:
The Danes are driven from Frisia by Arnulf of Carinthia, king of the East Franks; in Flanders, instead, Baldwin II of France is badly defeated by the Vikings and, wounded, is saved by the young and brave count of Paris, Eudes. In sign of gratitude Baldwin II renounces Flanders and concedes it as a march to Eudes and his descendants, the Robertingians (*OTL Capets)

British Isles:
Alfred the Great’s Anglo-Saxons wrench London and Lincolnshire from the Danes.

Caucasus:
Armenia, now completely free from Abbasid domination, becomes a fully independent kingdom under Ashot IV (I as king of Armenia) the Great of the Bagratids (note: a cousin of the deceased Ashot I of Taron, not the same person).

Arabia:
Central Arabia gains formal independence from the Abbasid Caliphate under the Banu Jannabi tribe

886-888

Western Europe:
Feudal unrest shakes the unity of West Francia/France; the count of Poitou Rainulf II proclaims himself King of Aquitaine with Viking support; the margrave of Transjurania, Rudolf I of the house of Welf, is proclaimed king of Upper Burgundy (Romandie and Burgundy proper). At first Baldwin II of France tries to react, but Arnulf of Carinthia intervenes in support of the secessionists and bribes Baldwin’s vassals, who leave him alone and humiliated; royal authority is largely discredited, and effectively confined to the northern parts of the kingdom, while Arnulf becomes the main strongman of the HRCEW

887

Southern Europe:
Boso I dies suddenly in Vienne and is succeeded as king of Lower Burgundy by his 5 year old son Louis, who is also enthroned as puppet emperor of the HRCEW (as Louis IV).

Middle East:
The twelfth Shi’a Imam, Muhammad al-Muntazar, a boy only six years old, suddenly disappears in Samarra (Iraq), likely eliminated by agents of the Sunni Wali Abdulmumin I. No other Shi’a Imams will be recognized: since then the majoritary Shiite confession, the Twelvers, will wait for his future return as Mahdi (Messiah)

888

British Isles:
The Anglo-Saxon earldom of Bamburgh/Bernicia is founded under Eadulf I in the Northumbrian territories recently taken by Wessex from the York/Jorvik Danish Vikings

Western Europe:
Alain I the Great takes over in Brittany ending Norse domain in the country

Southern Europe:
The Byzantines finally crush the resistance of the emirate of al-Byrutts (Calabria, Roman Bruttium) taking Reggio after landing in Sicily and conquering Messina

889

Southern Europe:
The Magyars stage their first raid in depth across Pannonia and up to Friul, whence they withdraw when king Berengar of Italy moves against them. Romancia, after the death of duke Waltarius, is established as a kingdom under Everhard I Strong Arm.

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Pechenegs (likely an Oghuz tribe descending from the Turgesh/T’u-Ch’ueh), after long struggles with the Kipchaks, migrate west and settle along the Don river, starting the decline of Khazaria. Greater Moravia subdues the Sorbs of Lusatia (eastern Germany, immediately east of Upper Saxony).

Middle East:
Southern Azerbaigian (Tabriz) too secedes from the Abbasid Caliphate under the Sajids

889-891
Southern Europe:
Third and last Italian campaign of basileus Bardas II: after two years of bloody campaigning Sicily is forcibly wrested from Muslim hands and made another Byzantine theme

890

North Africa:
The Byzantine fleet takes Malta.

Western Europe:
King Rodrigo IV of Spain, by the Capitular of Mérida, concedes heritability of major fiefdoms, a lethal blow in perspective for the unity of the Visigothic kingdom

ca. 890

Central-Eastern Europe:
Greater Moravia is forced by the armies of Arnulf of Carinthia to abandon its ties with Byzantium and to adopt the Roman Catholic liturgic rite.

Central Asia:
The Karakhanid clan emerges as the most powerful among the Qarluqs of eastern Kazakhstan. The Shahi dynasty takes power in Kabul, capital of the Hindu kingdom of Zabulistan.

SE Asia:
Angkor becomes the capital of the Khmer empire under Yasovarman I.
 

basileus

891-895

891

Western Europe:
Margrave Eudes of Flanders crushes the Danes on the Dyle river: the Viking invaders are thus driven from Belgium. He afterwards sets the boundary between West Frankish Flanders and East Frankish Frisia at the Lower Rhine

British Isles:
A new Viking kingdom is founded in Ireland at Waterford

892

Middle East:
the new Abbasid Caliph al-Mu’tadid escapes the suffocating control of the Turkish Guard and relocates the actual capital from Samarra to Baghdad. He is however unable to smash in a decisive way Turkish power, and soon falls under the influence of the Sunni Waliate (*the Sunny “Papacy” of TTL).

Central-Eastern Europe:
Bohemia breaks free from Greater Moravia under duke Spytihnev I thanks to eastern Frankish support

Far East:
In the wake of the slow disruption of the unified kingdom of Silla, a second Paekche State forms in the southwest of the Korean peninsula (Hubaekche, or Later Paekche)

892-893

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Pechenegs are attacked by the Oghuz/Ouzoi, and relocate to southern Ukraine, between the Dnieper and Lower Bug rivers. This, in turn, pushes the Magyars in Moldavia and towards the Carpathian range

892-895

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Eastern Franks repeatedly invade Greater Moravia and finally gain overlordship over Balaton/Slavic Pannonia; Greater Moravia itself is weakened and acknowledges East Frankish/German supremacy

892-900

India:
The emir of Multan (Punjab) Asad al-Qurayshi cuts the last ties with Baghdad; some years later he allies with the Ismaili Qarmatians of Arabia

893

Southern Europe:
The former czar of Bulgaria Boris I comes back from the monastery where he retired and crushes a heathen reaction, deposing and blinding his son Rasate/Vladimir and replacing him with his other son Simeon. The Bulgarian capital is moved from da Pliska to Preslav

894

Byzantine Empire:
Simeon’s Danube Bulgarians invade Byzantine Thrace: the imperial army led by basileus Bardas II confronts them at Bulgarophygon, where a most bloody and indecisive battle is fought. Bardas II, severely wounded, is brought to safety in Constantinople and will never more lead an army; but also the Bulgarians leave the battlefield with a bloody nose.

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Magyars, summoned by Byzantium, together with western Khazar tribes (the Kabars) attack the Bulgarians on the lower Danube

British Isles:
Earl Ethelred II of Mercia routs the Welsh of Powys at the battle of Wolverhampton, pushing beyond the Severn river

894-895

Western Europe:
Worried by the growing power of Eudes of Flanders, Arnulf of East Francia/Germany attacks him, also with the aim of carving a kingdom for his illegitimate son Zwentibold, but in the end he is defeated by the alliance between Eudes and Baldwin II at the battle of Arlon and murdered

895

Caucasus:
The Alans of northern Caucasus and the Volga Bulgarians free themselves from Khazar overlordship
 

basileus

Just to keep an order in the who's who of - at least - European royalty up to this point.

Byzantine Empire (Eastern, in Constantinople)

Flavian Dynasty

Costantine I the Great 324-337
Constantius 337-361
Julian the Apostate 361-363

Jovian 363-364

Valens 364-378

Theodosian Dynasty

Theodosius I the Great 379-395
Arcadius 395-408
Theodosius II 408-450

Marcianus 450-457

Leo I the Great 457-474
Leo II 474

Zeno I Tarasicodissa 474-475

Basiliscus 475-476

Zeno I Tarasicodissa (restored) 476-491

Anastasius I 491-518

Justinian Dynasty

Justin I 518-527
St. Justinian I the Learned 527-559

Belisarius 559-566

Justin II 566-578

Tiberius II Constantine (as regent 572-578) 578-582

Maurice I Tiberius 582-602

Phocas the Tyrant 602-610

Heraclian Dynasty

Heraclius the Great 610-641
Constantine III Heraclius 641
Heraclonas Constantine 641
Belisarius III Heraclius Pogonatus (the Bearded) 641-663
Constantine IV 663-685
Belisarius IV the Cruel 685-695

St. Leontius I the Shield of Christianity 695-711

Smaragdus the Heresiarch 711-715

Philippicus Bardanes 715-717

Isaurian Dynasty

Leo III the Isaurian 717-741
Constantine V Copronymus (the Dung-named) 741-775
Leo IV the Khazar 775-780
Constantine VI the Blinded 780-797
Irene the Athenian 780-790 as regent, 797-798 as basileus (!) on her own after blinding his son

Marcianus II Bulla (794-806 in Western Byzantium), 798-803 in Constantinople

Bardanes (Bardas I) the Turk 803-809

Leo V the Armenian 809-823

Thomas the Slav 823-827

Rhodian or Eustatian Dynasty

Eustace I the Drungarios 827-863
Constantine VII the New Cain 863-867
Bardas II the Great 867-


And now, the Holy Roman Catholic Empire of the West (HRCEW):

Carolingians

Pepin I the Great 757-766
Charles I the Great 766-799 (766-770 disputed by Carloman)
Pepin II the Hunchback 799-802
Charles II 802-811
Louis I the Pious 811-840 (818-819 disputed by bernard and Roland, 831-832 deposed by Lothar)
840-843 Civil war
843-855 Lothar I
855-875 Louis II "Murus Ecclesiae" (the Church's Wall)
875-876 Louis III the German
876-880 Charles III the Fat
880-882 Guido II and Guido III of Spoleto (usurpers, Guido I and II as emperors)
880-884 Hugo I of Els

Bosonid dynasty

885-887 Boso I of Vienne
887- Louis IV the Infant of Provence

Kingdom of West Francia, or France:

Carolingians

843-859 Charles III the Bald
859-864 Pepin II of Aquitaine

Baldovingians (an illegitimate branch of the Carolingians)

864-879 Baldwin I Iron Arm
879- Baldwin II the Powerless

East Francia, or Germany:

Carolingians

843-876 Louis the German (II as king of Germany, III as emperor)
876-880 (divided into two sub-kingdoms)
880-895 Arnulf of Carinthia
 

basileus

895-898

Caucasus:
A renewed Abbasid offensive against Armenia is repulsed with Byzantine and Alan help

896

Central-Eastern Europe:
Czar Simeon of Bulgaria reacts quickly to the Magyar onslaught by calling for help the Pechenegs. These quickly smash Magyars and Kabars, who, led by their Gyula (military leader) Arpad, cross the Carpathians to Transylvania and Honoguria, the Tisza basin, whence the Magyars will take the name “Hungarians” (reinforced by the fact of being ten tribes, seven Magyar plus three Kabar tribes: “On Oghur, the ten arrows”); the lands between the Tisza and Transylvania, called Bihar, are settled by the Kabar Iltuvers (princes)

896-898

Northern Europe, Western Europe:
A war of succession rages in Germany. After pitched battles Eudes, alredy on the verge of prevailing, suddenly dies: Zwentibold is thus able to kill his infant half-brother Louis, Arnulf’s only legitimate son (and the last legitimate Carolingian), and get the royal crown of Germany. Young Guy, Eudes’ son, takes refuge in Paris at Baldwin II’s court to escape both Zwentibold and count Regnier of the Ardennes (the founder of the Luxemburg-Lorraine dynasty), who usurped Flanders

896-903

Far East:
Zhu Wen, a former general in Huang Chao’s rebel army, allies with the prime minister Cui Yin to fight the power of the Eunuchs at court. In the end the Eunuchs are slain and Zhu Wen becomes China’s strongman

897

Arabia:
Imam Husayn al-Rassi founds a Zaydi Shi’a State in northern Yemen. Hamdan Qarmat establishes in Bahrein (Persian Gulf) the Qarmatian movement, a sect of Ismaili Shi’a creed, soon to assume control over the Jannabi emirate in central Arabia. The Qarmatians will later gain support from Egypt to Central Asia, coming to control most of the Arabic Desert and extort money from pilgrims heading for Mecca.

India:
Aditya I of the Cholas defeats and kills the Pallava ruler Aparajitavarman with help from the estern Chalukyas of Vengi; this marks the end of the century-old Pallava kingdom and the true foundation of the Chola empire in SE Deccan.

Southern Europe:
Amalfi, Naples, Salerno, Capua and Benevento become local Byzantine Duchies (known as the Hexapolis, the Six Towns, with Gaeta) entrusted to local magnates or Byzantine military commanders. Theodore II, a son of the former Patriarch of Constantinople Photius, reigns as Pope for twenty days, the last Greek Pope of the Roman Catholic Church

Central-Eastern Europe:
A Greater Moravian offensive against Bohemia ends in a failure

898

Southern Europe:
The Magyars raid Friul and Veneto

898-901

Central-Eastern Europe:
A civil war and Magyar raids wreak havoc to Greater Moravia

899

Southern Europe:
The Magyars stage a major raid in northern Italy/Lombardy: king Berengar at first repels them at Verona, then is routed on the Brenta river and barricades himself in Pavia, where he resists a heavy siege. The Magyars then devastate Emilia and pillage at will almost all of Lombardy (*here means: northern Italy) before retreating with a huge booty

North Africa:
A Byzantine fleet lands in Ifrigia (*later Punia, OTL Tunisia), blockades and takes Tunis, carrying away as prisoners Caliph Yahya III and most of the Idrisids; meantime the Numidians led by prince Galwa of Constantina swarm in the interior, destroying Idrisid rule over the region. The local governor Ahmad bin Abd ar-Rahman al-Ifriqi, a distant relative, proclaims himself Caliph in Tripoli (Libya), establishing the Ifriqid Shi’a Caliphate; Cyrenaica fragments into warring Kharijite and Shiite tribes

899-900

Southern Europe:
Supported by Pope Stephen VII, king Lambert II of (Byzantine) Italy invades Lombardy through Papal lands, killing Berengar at the battle of the Trebbia river. Then, at Monza, he proclaims himself emperor of the HRCEW, usurping Louis of Provence’s title. The count of Camerino Alberic I, of Lombard origin, seizes Spoleto as the new king of Italy with Byzantine approval (Lambert’s acts are held as treason by basileus Bardas II); in Rome Pope Stephen VII is jailed and killed by the populace

899-902

British Isles:
The Vikings of Dublin occupy the Isle of Man

10th century

Western Europe:
Feudal fragmentation prevails in the West, especially in France and Aquitaine; the modern nations and languages of Europe begin to emerge. Magyar raids terrorize post-carolingian Europe.

Byzantine Empire:
The southern Slavs of the Greek peninsula are mostly Grecized

North Africa:
Recolonization of Ifrigia (*later Punia, OTL Tunisia) with Byzantine, southern Italian and Numidian Christians

Central Asia, India:
Islam establishes footholds in eastern Turkestan and India.

Eastern Africa:
A second wave of Indonesian people reaches Madagascar and intermingles with the Africans living there

900

Southern Europe:
Louis of Provence crosses the Alps to Italy and gets the Iron Crown of Lombardy in Monza against Lambert II, who flees back to Spoleto, where Alberic I slays him. Thus the emperor of the HRCEW unifies the crowns of Lower Burgundy/Provence and Lombardy, giving a new sense to his title

Western Europe:
Baldwin II of France and Rudolf I of Upper Burgundy move against Zwentibold, who is killed by treason by the twice disloyal Regnier of the Ardennes, who abandons Flanders, where Guy is reinstated as the legitimate margrave, to have himself crowned king of Germany

Central Asia:
The Bokharan forces of Ismail I Samani conquer Khorasan and capture in battle Amr as-Saffar, thus breaking Saffarid supremacy.

Ca. 900

Central-Eastern Europe:
German missionaries complete the conversion of Greater Moravia to Roman Catholicism. The Bashkirs, a Turkic people of eastern Russia dwelling between the Volga and the Urals, free themselves from Khazar suzerainty.

British Isles:
Argyll, the first foothold of the Scots in Britain, is conquered by the Vikings of the Alban Isles (*TTL collective name for Shetlands, Orkneys, Hebrides)

Northern Europe:
Götland (both the western and eastern parts) is absorbed into Sweden.

Southern Europe:
The four Sardinian judicates (kingdoms) of Cagliari, Gallura, Torres and Arborea acknowledge Byzantine suzerainty. Rise of the Slavic principalities of Zahumlje (future Hercegovina) and Duklja (ancient Dioclea, later Zeta, eventually Melanoria [*OTL Montenegro]).

North Africa:
Christianity slowly replaces Jewry among the Zenetes of the kingdom of Sijilmasa.

Black Africa:
The Ghana Empire formally converts to Christianity by the efforts of North African missionaries, but the new faith largely lives along with traditional pagan beliefs, and doesn’t root. The Christianized Nilotic Tungurs migrate to Darfur establishing their domain there. The Nubian kingdom of Dotawo is founded. The Berber Zaghawa kingdom rises in the Tibesti region, between Fezzan and Chad.

India:
The Tibetan kingdom of Ladakh is established in the mountains between Kashmir, Tibet proper and eastern Turkestan.

Central Asia:
The Kirghizes vassalizes the Kimaks in southern Siberia. The Oghuz/Ouzoi found an own State around their stronghold of Enikert in NW Khorezm.

Northern Hesperia (*OTL America):
The Inuits of the Thule culture reach northern Greenland. The agricultural Chaco-Anasazis of New Mexico thrive. The Desategués (*OTL Iroquois) migrate from the southeast to their historical seat east of the Great Lakes.

Central Hesperia (*OTL America):
The Mayan civilization crumbles in Guatemala, while in Mexico the Toltecs of Tula are paramount. The city-state of Mayapan is founded in the Yucatàn. The Mixtecs migrate in the Oaxaca region of Mexico clashing with the native Zapotecs.

Pacific Ocean:
A group of Hesperindian (*OTL Amerindian) seafarers, likely coming from the coast of Peru, reaches Rapa Nui, where they become the local ruling caste.
 

basileus

A map for better understanding ;-)



Europe900.gif
 

basileus

901-905

Ca. 900-902

India, Central Asia:
Kashmiri forces take Kabul, but are rapidly beaten back by the local Hindu Shahi rulers

901

Southern Europe:
HRCEW (*Holy Roman Catholic emperor/Empire of the West) Louis IV of Provence gets a solemn coronation at the hands of Pope Benedict IV after marrying Theodora, niece of basileus Bardas II the Great. New Magyar incursion into northern Italy/Lombardy.

Western Europe:
Upon king Rainulf III’s death, Aquitaine passes to the Dukes of Auvergne with William I the Pious: the royal title is discarded and Aquitaine is reduced again to a Duchy, acknowledging at least formal French suzerainty

Central-Eastern Europe:
The Magyars conquer the Slavic Balaton principality and subdue the local Slavs.

901-918

Far East:
In the turmoil going along with the slow crumbling of Silla, in central Korea the ephemeral State of Majin/T’aebong quickly rises and falls

902

British Isles:
The Irish take Dublin from the Vikings; the Isle of Man is taken over by their comrades in York/Jorvik. Most of the Welsh principalities acknowledge Anglo-Saxon overlordship.

North Africa:
The Byzantines crush the Ifriqid army at Tafrura (*OTL Sfax) consolidating Constantinople’s hold over coastal Ifrigia (*later Punia, OTL Tunisia)

902-911

Byzantine Empire:
The renegade Leo of Tripoli, in the service of the Ifriqids, leads devastating pirate raids in the Aegean sea from his base in Crete.

902-922

Northern Europe:
Due to the weakness of the power held by Regnier and his son Wigerich, royal authority over Germany declines, and the so-called Stem Duchies (Saxony, Bavaria, Franconia, Thuringia, Swabia) take strength

903

Byzantine Empire:
Bardas II, one of the greatest Byzantine rulers ever, dies in Constantinople. He is succeeded by his son Eustace II

Middle East:
The rebel Qarmatians invade Syria and besiege Damascus; the Abbasids take advantage to wrench most of Syria and Lebanon from Omayyad/Zanjid Egypt.

Central Asia, Middle East:
The Saffarids fail in the attempt to subdue Daylam and Tabaristan (regions of northern Persia/Iran)

904

Byzantine Empire:
The renegade Leo of Tripoli settle a new pirate base in Thasos, destroys Demetrias (Thessaly) and sacks Thessalonica, the second city of the empire.

Middle East:
Abbasid forces retake Jerusalem and enforce overlordship over Mecca and Medina (Hijaz), frightened by Qarmatian raids.

Far East:
Zhu Wen eliminates the Chinese emperor Zhaozong and installs on the throne his own puppet, Zhaoxuan, another T’ang scion.

Southern Europe:
In Rome the pro-Byzantine faction prevails, led by the Tuscolo family: Sergius III ascends the throne of Peter after strangling with his own hands his predecessor Christopher (who in turn had eliminated Leo V...) marking the nadir of the Papacy, the years of the “pornocracy”, with the Holy See in the greedy hands of Theodora, wife of count Teofilatto of Tuscolo, and their perverse daughter, Marozia. Meantime the Magyars again ravage Lombardy exacting tribute from HRCEW Louis IV of Provence

905

Northern Europe:
Wigerich succeeds his despised father Regnier as king of Germany

Central-Eastern Europe:
Upon the death of his ceremonial co-king (kündü) Kurszan, Gyula Arpad remains the sole ruler of the Magyar people

North Africa:
The Abbasid army, fanaticized by the Sunni Wali (the Muslim “Pope”) Abdallah I ibn Fuad, the real power behind the throne of Baghdad, invades and conquers Egypt crushing Zanjid rule of the country and killing the Omayyad Caliph Abdullah. The young heir to the Egyptian throne of Fustat/Cairo, Abd ar-Rahman III, takes refuge in Cyrenaica under the protection of friendly Kharijite tribesmen

Far East:
Yelü Abaoji founds the Khitan empire in Manchuria
 
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