Are you going for the ambitious Portugal gets the equivalent of New France at its height? Because if it's just a Portuguese Newfoundland (and little or nothing more) you don't really need to do away with Portuguese colonization of Brazil.
If it's Portuguese Newfoundland, regarding linguistics I also imagined it as an extra Atlantic island. The Azores and Madeira have different yet similar accents and I'd look to those dialects as a good basis for Portuguese Newfoundland's.
If it's an ambitious Brazil-in-Canada thing, I think the greatest threat to overcome is Portuguese focus in India. Brazil had for itself not only being lucrative on its own but being conveniently located near the route to India.
Regarding Jews... their OTL fate is far from sealed. Brush away the Catholic Monarchs or at least their leverage to influence the Portuguese king on this specific topic and they're off the hook. Alternatively, they'll be easily appeased with "expulsion from the kingdom" being meant as "expulsion from mainland Portugal".
If it's Portuguese Newfoundland, regarding linguistics I also imagined it as an extra Atlantic island. The Azores and Madeira have different yet similar accents and I'd look to those dialects as a good basis for Portuguese Newfoundland's.
If it's an ambitious Brazil-in-Canada thing, I think the greatest threat to overcome is Portuguese focus in India. Brazil had for itself not only being lucrative on its own but being conveniently located near the route to India.
Regarding Jews... their OTL fate is far from sealed. Brush away the Catholic Monarchs or at least their leverage to influence the Portuguese king on this specific topic and they're off the hook. Alternatively, they'll be easily appeased with "expulsion from the kingdom" being meant as "expulsion from mainland Portugal".