Here's a thought:
Hopefully one thing the medical people on the emergency staff has been doing is to stockpile two particular supplies: antibiotics and vaccines/immunizations. With crowded living conditions, reduced water supplies (clean water for drinking & water for hygiene), possible immune suppression from mild radiation sickness, and reduced nutrition disease will be a big problem - particularly water borne and louse/tick borne diseases (typhoid, typhus, bacillary & amoebic dysentery, possibly cholera). All military should be up to date on shots, hopefully first responders (fire, EMT, police) got theirs in the run-up as part of the prep. For the civilian population, other than those that had some of these (and most would not) given how much of the various vaccines might be available, best to wait until AFTER the exchange. I know its cruel, but if there is a limited supply of typhoid vaccine (not something folks usually get in Nebraska) better to give it after, not waste any on those who are killed in the exchange or die shortly thereafter - save it for those who are at least potential long term survivors. Triage in the post attack scenario is going to be severe, and brutal - and very NECESSARY. You may very well see even pain medications and IV fluids denied to those categorized as "expectant" due to limited supplies - and the strain on the medical personnel making these decisions (letting a 5 year old die in pain) will be severe. Police/military with orders to shoot WILL be needed at all medical facilities.
For those who are not familiar: Triage (sorting in French) is the system where injured/sick are categorized in "mass casualty" situations - where there is not enough medical care (personnel/equipment/supplies) to treat everyone promptly, or even at all. The categories (standard NATO) "minimal", "delayed", "immediate", "expectant" (sometimes I/II/II/IV or green/yellow/red/black). "Expectant" means that the individual has little or no chance of survival under any circumstances (such as documented high does radiation disease) or while potentially salvageable would take so much time/resource as to prevent care being delivered to several others who either have a better chance of surviving or, especially in a military setting, will be potentially returnable to full duty as opposed to permanently disabled. In the military the triage officer is a senior doctor, usually a surgeon, and his/her decisions are basically final - someone can change categories if their condition changes (better or worse, or more people/stuff is available), but during their watch the decisions can only be changed by the senior medical officer at the facility, and that would usually mean he relieves the triage officer. FWIW in the military triage begins with the corpsman on the scene, who decides treatement and evac priorities, likewise in civilian world with EMTs at an accident scene.