Depends on thier willingness to abide by any other checks and balances in existance.
To what do you refer? The Supreme Court? You do realize, of course, that if a party takes control of the Presidency and both houses of Congress, they can change the composition of the Supreme Court by increasing the number of Justices? FDR tried that in the 1930s, and fortunately for the country, he did not have a majority in Congress which would go along with him.
More to the point this analogy is faulty. You could argue that efforts to end abortion by main force is cause for succession/rebellion and sound sensable.
However the idea that any states could or would break off because some Evangelical Christian gets elected to office is contemptuous at best, and this is from a staunch Abortion Rights Advocate.
HTG
Okay, so let's make the analogy more exact. Try this scenario on for size.
The Evangelical Christian Morality Party is formed, opposing abortion. They steadily gain support in most of the country, basically destroying the Republican Party as mass defections deplete it's ranks (the Party still survives, but has such a small membership that in most States it has virtually no chance of winning). In most of the country, they (along with like-minded Democrats and Independents) now form a majority of the voters in most of the country. In one section of the country, however (let's say New England, just for fun), they have virtually no support at all.
In the national election, the Evangelical Christian Morality Party runs a candidate who is on record as stating that "A house divided against itself cannot stand...this country must become all one thing or all another...either abortion will be allowed anywhere and for any reason, or it will be allowed nowhere." During the months leading up to the election, of course, this candidate tones down the anti-abortion rhetoric hoping to gain electoral votes in New England. But people in New England know what he really stands for.
In addition, let's throw in some equivalents to the tariff issue and other issues which the South opposed in the 1860 Republican platform. So let's say that the platform of the Evangelical Christian Morality Party calls for a ban on the sale and use of contraceptives, as well as changes in the tax laws designed to force working women to return to the home.
The Evangelical Christian Morality Party wins the election, carrying no New England States but winning most of the others (except for a few who voted Republican hoping a compromise). Before the new President even takes office, the Evangelical Christian Morality majority in Congress passes the first laws aimed at carrying out it's platform...they pass a law banning contraceptive drugs and devices from being sold in the U.S. And, to top it off, the person the President-elect chooses as his Secretary of State is another extremist who has publicly stated that "there is a higher law than the Constitution," indicating that the Evangelical Christian Morality Party does not intend to let the Constitution get in the way of it's plans to carry out it's platform.
New England knows that it has been outvoted in Congress for about a decade now. The only check on the unrestrained power of the anti-abortionist evangelical Christian majority which prevails in most of the country has been the President, and now they hold that too.
Does the majority have the right to impose it's will on New England? Does New England have the right to secede in order to remove itself from the tyranny of the majority?
Substitute the South for New England, the Republican Party for the Evangelical Christian Morality Party, the slavery issue for the abortion issue, and tariffs for contraceptives, and you basically have, in a nutshell, the situation faced by the South following the 1860 elections.