And whether Ivangorod/Narva is kept by Russians or by Swedes. It may end up an insignificant town, not the northernmost 5+ millon people city.St. Petersburg's size would be very contingent on who owns the land.
Windsor (Ontario) would become part of Detroit metropolitan area if the US-Canada border was further south.
Which cities would either not exist or not be anywhere near as big as in OTL if borders hadn't ended up where they did?
Hong Kong & Shenzhen are a pair of very clear examples.
Gothenburg, maybe?
San Diego & Tijuana?
By the 1800s there were many exceptions to the ban on Han settlement in Manchuria and its inevitable that something in the area of Vladivostok at Peter the Great Gulf would become an important port for Qing China since it's too good/strategic of a location (as it avoids the Strait of Tsushima), especially if Japan still emerges as a powerhouse (or gets colonized by a powerful country).Do examples after 1900 count for this? If not, I think most Vladivostok would be at most a small village, as I think the Qing had made it illegal to live there, and Russia built that city as a port.
Doesn't Vladivostok need that strait, or at least Japanese allowance for trade?By the 1800s there were many exceptions to the ban on Han settlement in Manchuria and its inevitable that something in the area of Vladivostok at Peter the Great Gulf would become an important port for Qing China since it's too good/strategic of a location (as it avoids the Strait of Tsushima), especially if Japan still emerges as a powerhouse (or gets colonized by a powerful country).
Depends with who.Doesn't Vladivostok need that strait, or at least Japanese allowance for trade?
Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan and Ontario without that border there there's just one city by that name there.
Windsor (Ontario) would become part of Detroit metropolitan area if the US-Canada border was further south.
I had assumed that Japan would still expand into China into Manchuria and the Sakhalin island, but you are correct.Depends with who.
South? IF Japan is strong enough to police the strait, then yes.
East? Depends who owns Sakhalin and the Kurils.
As long as Japan doesn't own Sakhalin or the Kurils they're fine. Which the (northern) Kurils always belonged to Russia while Sakhalin was claimed by the Chinese since at least the Yuan dynasty. It isn't too unimaginable a stronger Qing (strong enough to keep Russia out of Manchuria) would make moves to secure the island.Doesn't Vladivostok need that strait, or at least Japanese allowance for trade?
There's plenty of products Outer Manchuria produces/could produce which would be good for export (or domestic consumption elsewhere) and best shipped by sea. It will never be as proportionately important to China as Vladivostok is to Russia but geography ensures it would still be important, much as Halifax is to Canada or Anchorage is to the US. Its main use of course would be a naval base.I think that while the ban might be lifted later, that by then people would just use the ports south, with a Chinese railroad made later.