The Federal Republic of America: sibling to a stillborn USA V 2.0

The Failed Revolution of 1775:
A stillborn United States

The story of the shaping of the Federal Republic of America does not begin with its declaration of independence, rather it goes back further al the way back to the Failed revolution of 1775.

In this first attempt to gain independence the United States of America (sometimes known as the nation that never was) fought a nearly six year long war for independence. The provisional United States was made up of a confederation of the thirteen American colonies and the proclaimed Vermont Republic. The colonial conflict traced its origins to the lack of political representation in the colonies and excessive taxation. In 1776 the United States proclaimed its independence from Britain and its King.

The American colonists were first led by the inspiring Virginian George Washington. The as the first of three Commander-in-Chiefs of the Continental army he was perhaps the most inspiring and most accomplished. Washington led the colonies until 1778; after loosing two crucial battles, having allowed the British to capture Philadelphia and with the continental army starving at valley forge not even the recent victory at the battle of Saratoga which brought the French into the war could prevent Washington from being replaced.



The military and congressional conspirators who successfully deposed Washington put forth that Horatio Gates be made Commander-In-Chief of the continental army. Gates, sometimes called “Granny” by his own troops was not the inspiring figure that Washington was, but he managed to keep the colonies fighting for nearly a year and a half before his pathetic defeat and retreat from/at Camden. By then the “Hangman’s year” of 1777 had long since passed, the colonist if they failed would gain little if any of the things they desired, and were likely to be treated like the subjugated Irish. The war needed to be won lest the Americans become persecuted by Britain. Unfortunately for the colonials the defeat that sealed there fate came at Camden in 1780. The cowardice Gates displayed by retreating on the fastest horse he could find led to the congress deposing him as Commander-In-Chief. The with the dollar nearly worthless the Congress looked towards a man with a reputation as a fighter… the hero of Saratoga, Benedict Arnold.


By this time the disgruntled Arnold was deep in correspondence with the British about how to best betray the American cause. Arnold would go down in history as the last Commander-in-Chief of the Continental army. Under his leadership several horrific defeats would result in France and Spain rescinding their recognition of the United States and bow out of the war and lead the United States to be defeated by the end of the year.​

Chapter 2: Continued

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I know you feel it too, it all seems so untrue
　
Second Anglo-Mysore War

Even with the war with France and the rebellious Americans officially over the Second Anglo-Mysore War was an inevitability that the wheels of fate had already begun turning towards. Haider Ali of the Kingdom of Mysore and his son Tipu Sultan were looking to beat back the British and the British were looking to gain dominance over southern India and if possible drive the weakened French out of India forever.

On the 10 September 1780, the British force from Guntur under the command of Colonel William Baillie came under heavy fire from Tipu's guns near Pollilur. Baillie formed his force into a long square formation and began to move slowly forward. However, Haider's cavalry broke through the formation's front, inflicting many casualties and forcing Baillie to surrender. Out of the British force of 3,820 men, 336 were killed. The defeat was considered to be the East India Company's most crushing loss in India at that time. Munro reacted to the defeat by retreating to Madras, abandoning his baggage and dumping his cannons in the water tank at Conjeevaram, a small town some 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Madras. Haider Ali would press on for a decisive victory at Madras. With Haider pressing the attack there was no time for Munro to shore up the defenses in the south or to call for enforcement by Lieutenant General Eyre Coote’s troops. Madras would fall to Haider in a lose that would dwarf Baillie’s surrender. With his victory at Madras Haider would renew the siege of Arcot, but his having pressed on against Madras had given the British forces the time to fortify the city and time for reenforcments in the form of Lieutenant General Eyre Coote’s troops to reach the city. Haider’s siege against the city failed and what could have resulted in a total British repulsion from southern India was forestalled.
　
Even with the victory at Arcot and a British presence in India still existent the war was going far from planed. Instead of British control over southern India and the crushing of a major French ally the British had been pushed to the brink of failure saved only by the skin of their teeth. With Munro captured and several very public defeats the Hasting government sought out a general with a reputation for victory.

With the war in the Americas finished General Charles Cornwallis, some what of a celebrity for his victory in the southern colonies, would be asked to lead troops in India in hopes of turning the situation around. Cornwallis, though he had had sympathy for the plight of the colonists and had hoped to oversee a peaceful reintegration of the southern colonies into the empire, accepted. Cornwallis successfully prevented Tipu Sultan from seizing Chittur, but even out of his defeats Tipu would gain military experience, which would become of greater importance with the death of his father in 1782. Sir Eyre Coote landed several key victories against Haider in 81 at the battles of Porto Novo, Pollilur and Sholinghur.
　
With Haider’s death in December of 1782 the war remained a deadlock. Recent victories by the British and their total dominance over the seas favored the British in the long term, but neither side could obtain the clear overall victory they desired. The war was ended on 11 March 1784 with the signing of the Treaty of Mangalore, at which both sides agreed to restore the others' lands to the status quo ante bellum. Hastings called it a humiliating pacification, and appealed to the king and Parliament to punish the Madras Government.


With the wars end Hastings returned to his governance over British holdings in India. That being said, had it not been for the unexpected stress induced heart attack of one Edmund Burke, the Hastings government could have crumbled and the work Hastings had committed to in building a relationship between Britain and its Indian holdings could have fallen to the wayside while a British elitist destroyed Hastings hard work. But this did not happen, for Burk died and the failure of the revolution prevented support for a toppling of the Hastings government from gaining steam. Hastings continued his work at expanding the British influence in India and building stronger relationships with the Indian people, smoking hookahs and dressing in semi-Indian British hybridized clothing started to catch on not just amongst Britons in India but amongst some of the British elite back in Britain as well. Hastings continued his governance over British India without major conflict until the third Anglo-Mysore war.
　
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Third Anglo-Mysore War


At the time of the wars beginning in 1789 Tipu had been chaffing at the bit to get another shot at the British and with the Hastings government having treated with Nizam of Hyderabad and protecting the Kingdom of Travancore the stage was set. In 1789 Tipu ordered a rebellion to be put down in the Malabar Coast. When a number of rebels fled to Travancore, which at the time was to be paying tribute to Tipu, Tipu began a build up of troops to follow the rebels. Though slightly hesitant at first Hastings soon reiterated that an attack on Travancore would be a declaration of war on Britain. Before Tipu’s forces were built up to the strength he had originally wanted for the attack he ordered that attack to commence, to strike before his enemies could consolidate their forces against his army.
　
It was May before the British were prepared to march. In the meantime, Tipu had renewed his attack on Travancore, and successfully breached the Nedumkotta line which defended the Travancore border. ​

This war would not be another indecisive conflict like the first two. Though Tipu gained early victories and managed to rout the British several times the conflict would last not even a full two years and the British would gain the decisive clear victory they had so longed for during the first two wars. With the end of the war in in India war in Europe soon followed. The War of the First Coalition had erupted in the last year of the conflict in India and registered as a far more important conflict than the often unremembered war which in all truthfulness cemented the Empire in India.
　
In 1793 Sowar cavalry and Sepoy infantry would be used for the first time on the continent against French troops, not that it would change the outcome of the war as it wouldn’t, but it did help stem the tied of British nationalism which seemed to grow from the conflict with France. Hastings would continue his program of relationship building using a policy of a velvet covered iron fist. Even with his iron fist many of the Indians adored Hastings as an individual for his respect of them and his honoring of their traditions (it is rumored that he even held cow sacred).

　In 1797 the war in Europe came to an end, and Britain engaged in a slow going naval war with France. The peace did not last as the war of the Second coalition erupted the next year, along with the Irish Rebellion and the American Revolution. Tipu was not an unsophisticated man he saw that Britain was having to wage several wars across the globe, stretching its imperial resources thinner then they had been during the third war. Tipu a staunch ally of France ended the peace with the long hated British and India erupted into war once again.
　

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Chapter 3: I won’t forget to cry at my own Burial

　
Part 1: 1798-99 of the Great French War
　
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The latter half of 1798 marked the start of the greatest war yet to occur. The British Empire fought across four continents, two oceans and three seas. With rebellion in America and Ireland, as well as war on the Continent, India , and to a degree in Africa the British Empire was stretched thin as it attempted to both defeat Revolutionary France and keep control over its empire.
　
Ireland

With the British Army fighting across the globe the Irish Rebellion continued to rage against the British as the even as General Cornwallis and his troops struck blow after blow against the Irish rebels. The Irish forces would find assistance from the France once French General Jean Joseph Amable Humbert and his troops made their successful landing at Killala. Meeting with success against British forces led by Lieutenant-General Gerard Lake (killed in the heat of battle by a French sniper) Joseph proclaimed an Irish Republic. The French Irish forces would continue to meet with success against British Forces at Collooney, where the combined forces routed the poorly led British troops. Though it is reported that Humbert was tempted to divert course from Ulster, he did not. Humbert maintained his course of action narrowly escaping Cornwallis’s forces and bolstering his own troops with newly recruited Irish Rebels.



With Humbert’s successes the rebellion which had been dying down do to its failures before the French arrival reinvigorated the cause and spread the rebellion across more of Ireland. The British desperately needed an decisive victory to stem the tied of rebellion one on similar to their earlier victory at Vinegar Hill, but no such victory seemed to be coming. As more and more of Ireland fell into open rebellion against the British Viceroy Cornwallis requested more troops to do in Ireland as he had done in America so many years earlier. In October the French would successfully avoid the Royal navy one last time and manage to land a substantial number of troops near the small town of Creeslough.
　
With a substantial raise in the numbers of trained troops under his command Humbert and his Irish ally Theobald Wolfe Tonesought to deliver a blow that would cast the British out of Ireland and force them to recognize a free Irish Republic. He sought to march across Ireland and capture the capitol of Dublin. Perhaps it the resent success that went to his head, but Humbert sought to engage Cornwallis’s troops in a decisive battle that would leave Dublin wide open for the French and Irish forces. Humbert would get his wish of a decisive battle when his forces met against British troops near the town of Omagh. Though it was a decicive battle it did not result in a French victory and a clear path to Dublin. In the early moment of the battle Humbert was struck dead, a musket ball crashing through his temple killing him instantly. From there the battle only went down hill for the French and Irish forces. After a hasty and disorderly retreat the French and Irish forces had lost nearly a third of their main fighting force, the majority of those lost having been proper French troop.


The Republican forces would never experience the same sort of Success they had while under the command of Humbert. The main body of the French and Irish forces would be captured four weeks later. The Success that seemed as though it could never end crashed down. Irregular Irish troops could do little, but harass the British as they crushed the rebellion. The French would attempt one more landing, but their luck had run out. The Royal navy decisively defeated the French fleet, destroying or capturing all but two of the French vessels. One of the last acts of the United Irishmen against the British would have a resounding effect on the British and be responsible for the eventual dissolution of the of the Irish parliament and the authoritarian policies of the British in Ireland, the assassination Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh.

Government troops committed numerous atrocities against those that were even suspected of being United Irishmen. By early February 1799 only a few diehards continued to fight against the British and most were turned in by other Irishmen/women who feared the wrath of the British. Ireland was not the only part of the empire which had been in rebellion and the other was much farther away then Ireland.​

Chapter 3: I won’t forget to cry at my own Burial

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Part 1: 1798-99 of the Great French War
　
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America
　
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On the third of July 1798 the first battle of the American revolution took place as British troop attempted to seize a militia armory. The Americans fought against the British, but against proper British regulars the battle was short and ended in a British victory. What the battle did do was act as a catalyst to quicken the rate of a reaction which was the American Revolution.
　
Up until the Second American revolution the French Directory had been secretly planning on using revolutionary Haitians to incite a brutal race war in British North America. Though it was well known that such an uprising on the continent would not meet with the same success as it had when the Blacks of Saint-Domingue turned against the whites of the island, but by inciting a brutal race war in the Americas the British would undoubtedly be forced to allocate resources to America, and the economic advantages they had because of their colonies would quickly disappear as slaves rose up against their masters. Thankfully for America the Second revolution came before the French Directory could put their plan into action.
　
The revolution would serve as a greater tool in the eyes of one young Frenchmen who was at the time in Egypt. He was Napoleon Bonaparte, and the future emperor of France had visions of the construction of a Caribbean empire and the restoration of French territory in the New World. The enterprising young general (as he was then) saw that a puppet republic in the Americas would only strengthen Frances capabilities and give more credence to his dream of a vast French domain. Though still in Egypt Napoleon wrote to the Directory the importance of helping establish an American republic. In the Directory the letter from the general was met with mixed feelings. To some it was the First American revolution that had brought down the France of old. If the venture went as unsuccessfully as the First American Revolution it could be damaging to the Republic and its needs.
　
In North America the war of Revolution was begun and the Congress of Confederation was not eager to perpetrate the same mistakes that the Continental Congress had made in the last revolution. The Congress saw that giving one person the position of Commander-and-Chief made it to easy for a single battle or a single anti-revolutionary to end the revolution. The Congress looked at history for the answer and found it in the ancient Roman Republic. Rather than giving the power to a single man, the title of Commander-and-Chief of the Army of Confederation was given to two men. Henry Lee III and prominent member of the Congress William Hull.
　
The two men though both clearly on the side of the revolution and both veterans from the First Revolution had differing plans to go about in achieving a successful revolution. Lee felt that the immediate situation demanded that the army needed to be used to strike the strong Indian confederation before support from Britain could arrive. Hull on the other hand wanted to use the army to gain control of New England and possibly even Upper and Lower Canada. The two men bickered over the crucial decision as time ticked away. It would take the failed invasion of Georgia by the Seminole for the two to come to agreement that the Army of the Confederation would be used to break the Indian nations.

　
The Indian nations would not fall to the Americans easily. Twenty years of British protection and trade had made the nations strong and fearsome. Thankfully for the revolutionaries the nations were not allied against the Revolution. Several tribes allied themselves with the Confederation and fought side by side the white Americans against the tribes that had remained loyal to the British.
　
While the bulk of the Army of Confederation struck at the Indian tribes numerous militia groups marched against loyalist throughout the colonies. In Virginia, Maryland and numerous other states the revolutionaries sought the blood of those who remained loyal to the British. Many felt that the only way for the second revolution to succeed was for it to be a bloody as the French Revolution which had succeeded where the First American Revolution had failed.
　
By late August several local British commanders in New England and the Canadas rallied loyalist into militias against the Revolutionary south. That the Southern Revolutionaries had not been the first to march through Pennsylvania was a God send in disguise. For when the loyalist militias marched through the still undecided colony of Pennsylvania they pushed the colony and its people away from the northern loyalist and towards the Revolutionary south.

At the Battle of Williamsport the Loyalist invaders were repelled by local militia supported by troops under the command of the future President-Director, Colonel (as he was then) Andrew Jackson. As the Loyalist troops attempted to take a hill which would give them the capabilities of bombarding the city Jackson was heard telling the troops, both militia and regular, to hold. The loyalists attempted to take the hill and marched up only to be consistently slaughtered by Jackson’s men. Jackson’s command of the higher ground and the inexperience of the loyalist militia troops would prove to be to much for even the superior numbers of the Loyalist militia to overcome, though this did not stop them from trying. The Loyalists continued to try and take the hill to the point that Jackson’s men began to run incredibly low on ammunition. With his troops running low on ammunition and the Loyalist continuing to try and take the hill Jackson gave the order fixed bayonets and then ironically yelled “No one lives for ever boys! Charge!” Jackson and the men under his command charged the loyalist troops with bayonets at the ready. The battered and inexperienced Loyalist broke their ranks, many running away from the oncoming tide of blue. The Battle of Williamsport was the first major victory against non-Indian forces of the revolution and served to bolster the revolutionary tide in Pennsylvania.
　
By September proper British troops began to arrive in British North America in sizable amounts. Under the command of John Lambert the British troops would secure the north and then begin their march against the Revolutionaries in the south. For the rest of 1789 and much of 1799 the Revolutionaries would be on the retreat, trying not to engage the British in direct combat in situations that would undoubtedly lead to their failure. Commander-and-Chief Lee would successfully use Cavalry as shock troops and raiders to crush loyalist militia troops, beat back the Indian nations, and harass British regulars. In November the provisional capital of the Confederation of American States, Annapolis, was captured by the British striking a blow to the revolution. Luckily the Congress had escaped before the British captured the city.
　
With the rebellion in Ireland all but quelled experienced and battle hardened troops began to be sent the America, but with the war with Tipu Sultan going south for the British most of these battle hardened troops went to India to face the Tiger’s troops. In February British troops in Jamaica moved against violent protests and open rebellion against British rule trying to suppress any revolutionary element in what was to many in Britain the most important region of the New World. Even with Pennsylvania, Jamaica, Florida, and parts of southern Georgia under effective occupation the Revolutionaries continued to fight on and would soon receive a boost when the French Republic and its client states recognized them as an independent entity. Spain, and Denmark-Norway, would recognize the CAS two months later. What had taken the first revolutionaries years to attain (political recognition) had taken the second batch of Revolutionaries months. The French, Spanish, and Danish navies now aided the Americans in their effort for freedom.
　
Though Great Britain was waging a war across the globe the army it possessed was nothing special, if anything it was quite un-extraordinary. The real power behind Britain was its navy, but unlike Ireland where the navy could be used to starve the Irish out and unlike the Mediterranean where it could be used to cut off an expeditionary force from supplies it could not effectively do these things to the continental CAS especially with the support of the European navies. Over the course of the year the British would try and end the war in various ways. One such attempt was the attempt to take the French port of New Orleans. The iconic First Battle for New Orleans would be the most dramatic British defeat yet to take place in the war and would bolster the moral of the Americans. This victory by General Pickney would be followed by a great loss when on June 28th Commander-and-Chief William Hull was captured after the defeat at the First Battle of Pittsburgh. With Hull’s capture the Congress franticly searched for a replacement for Hull. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, one of the men who had helped create the Congress and the recent victor at New Orleans was appointed to take Hull’s place as Commander-and-Chief along side General Lee.
　
The two men agreed that for the CAS to win independence from Britain the Army of the Confederation needed to stop acting on the defensive and act offensively against Cornwallis. The two planned on offensive for the next year which held as its main objective retaking Pennsylvania from the British. The young Colonel Jackson was not fond of the idea feeling that Annapolis needed to be taken back before Philadelphia who had been on the fence about the revolution in the first place. But this was the exact reason that the two men felt that Pennsylvania and most importantly Philadelphia needed to be retaken​

Chapter 3: I won’t forget to cry at my own Burial

　
Part 1: 1798-99 of the Great French War
　
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North Africa
　
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The Second America Revolution by all accounts was made possible by the War of the Second Coalition which threw the continent of Europe and indeed the world into war. During the First few weeks of the Revolution the future Emperor of France and first Head of the Bonaparte Dynasty/ House of Bonaparte was not fighting in Europe, but instead in Africa in his first attempt at quashing the Ottoman Empire and turning the Mediterranean sea into a French lake and put pressure on the British to assist the pro-French ally Tipu Sultan.
　

　
The General, as he was then, met with military success against the Ottoman and the Mameluks on land in several battles. At the Battle of Chobrakit and later the Battle of the Pyramids Napoleon would prove victorious against the Muslim forces, but though the respected General proved victorious on land the endeavor was foiled by the RN. At the Battle of the Nile the Royal Navy decisively defeated the French fleet; the victory was not a complete success for though the victory over the French was undisputable the cost was quite great.
　
Lord Nelson possibly one of the finest naval commanders of all time was struck dead by a fragment of wood which pierced chest tearing into his left lung. The death of Nelson was a catastrophic lose to the British who would try and hunt Napoleon down after he left eventually left Egypt.
　
With Nelson’s death Napoleon saw the battle not as a defeat but as a victory of sorts. The Ever impenetrable Bonaparte would not be defeated so easily. After calmly read the dispatch which informed him that he and his army were now prisoners in Egypt, he said "We no longer have a navy. Well! We'll have to stay here, or leave as great men just as the ancients did". Though Bonaparte's campaign remained land-bound his army still succeeded in consolidating power in Egypt, although it did face repeated nationalist uprisings. Napoleon set up a pavilion and from within it presided over a 'fête du Nil' - it was he who gave the signal to throw into the floats the statue of the river's fiancée, his name and Mohammed's were mingled in the same acclamations, on his orders gifts were distributed to the people, and he gave kaftans to his main officers. His power was near absolute.
　
Yet Bonaparte’s Egyptian regime stumbled as Cairo opened into revolt and the British menaced coastal town. Even still, through his orders though the revolting Arab and Egyptian peasants would be pushed back into the city that had birthed the revolt and would hunted down.
　
Soon after the defeat of the French fleet the Ottomans went on the offensive, believing it to be Bonaparte’s end. Needless to say history would prove them wrong. In February Bonaparte moved against the Ottomans. Napoleon’s arrival at Jaffa was described as death setting upon the fallen. In just three days the city would fall to Napoleon. After its fall thousands would be executed to prevent from joining resistance groups. With Jaffa’s fall Bonaparte set out to capture the coastal town of Acre.
　
In the great siege of Acre can be described as battle won to late. Had the Ottomans prevailed against the French at this siege it is likely the Napoleon would have been driven back and eventually forced to return to France, perhaps he wouldn’t have made it back to France. But Napoleon did win; Acre fell to him, but he did not get the Syrian revolt he had set out to incite, he did not return to Paris through Constantinople, he would not march into Palestine and rebuild king Solomon’s Temple for he had thrown his army against a rock and though he had crushed the rock with his might he had fractured his hammer. He could not maintain his victory; it would be another two months before Napoleon retreated back to Egypt. Bonaparte and his troops eventually left Egypt, but during their time in North Africa and the Near East they had cemented a legend. As Napoleon boarded the ship he would leave for France on he turned to the shore and proclaimed “I will return.”
　
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India

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While Napoleon the future Emperor of France waged war in the North Africa and the Near East, Frances ally ,the Mysore kingdom, had crushed Britain’s ally Travancore and persuaded the Maratha Empire to remain neutral. At much the same as Napoleon took Jaffa, Tipu Sultan’s forces had surrounded and defeated the British at the Battle of Seedaseer, killing Lieutenant-General James Stuart. Just as in the third war, though Tipu had made massive gains in the early phases of the war he would see it start to slip away. Under the command of one young man by the name of Arthur Wellesley, the future Duke of Wellington, Tipu would face defeat at Pondicherry on a massive scale. The true halt of the Mysore victory would be Tipu’s death. Killed on November 4th 1799 commanding his troops at the battle of Mahe the Mysore would never rise to the same success. On December 7th 1799 the treaty of Madras was signed; it would be the last time the Mysore kingdom played a decisive role in treaty making. For it would be the last Indian war the British would not win decisively.

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The Near East was free of Napoleon, India was at peace, and though Russia had dropped out of the war Britannia’s fist now gripped the CAS trying to strangle it in its infancy. The fate of Europe, no the fate of the entire world now seemed so uncertain. Would a French Republic lay dominant over Europe with an ally in the Americas or would the British lion and the Habsburg Eagle stand as colossuses of the 19th century?

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Chapter 3: I won’t forget to cry at my own Burial



Part 2: 1800-1801 of the Great French War

The end of the war in India gave hope to the British who believed they could now send experienced troops from India to the Americas to engage with the Revolutionaries. The sudden request for a great deal of the troops who were at the time in India caused Warren Hastings much discomfort vocally protesting it. He argued that though the Mysore kingdom had stood down and that they were hardly defeated and that the Maratha Empire licked its lips at the opportunity to regain territory lost to the British. He boldly said that if the level of troops were taken that British India would fall. Hastings standing with the king and the worry of losing India prevented Cornwallis from obtaining the much of the extra troops that he had requested.


As Britannia blockaded and attempted to strangle the infant CAS the planned offensive of 1800 was given the greatest confidence boost it could possibly hope for. In February, just a month before the planned American offensive to drive the British out of Pennsylvania General Cornwallis was assassinated. The most capable man to achieve the task at hand, the man who had wanted to stay in the South and invest in it (and through it in the empire), was now dead. With Cornwallis’s Sir Ralph Abercromby now took command of what would become the primary theater of the conflict. Sir Abercromby had held a great deal of sympathies for the American colonists during the first attempt and revolution and though this second revolution was bloodier he maintained these sympathies. He had believed long believed the treatment of the Americans before and after the first revolution had been unjust, disproving of governmental policies. It would be these that sympathies that would spawn the persecutory rumors that would spread throughout the Empire after the war, tarnishing his reputation as a great leader amongst most outside the CAS and later the FRA

The March Offensive started with success as General, and one of the two Commander-and-Chiefs, Henry Lee III smashed the British in the first major engagement of the offensive, the Battle of Hanover. General Lee’s information on the forces he would be facing at Hanover was lacking significantly; hat had originally been a small force had been bolstered by militia troops from Canada and New England. The much larger force would still fall to General Lee’s forces; after the death of the commanding officer, Lieutenant-Colonel George De Grey, shot in the head by a sniper, the coherent dynamic of the loyalist troops crumbled, Lee finishing them off with by shattering the remaining lines with cavalry. The victory sent surge of confidence through the men, who by this time had begun to have their faith in the possibility of a successful revolution shaken. With the South moving to liberate Pennsylvania, a good deal of New York and southern New Jersey rose up. General Abercromby called for reinforcement from Florida and Georgia to defend Pennsylvania and maintain control over New York and New Jersey. March passing April and April to May the American offensive began to stall and British troops crushed the New Jersey rebellion. The Americans needed to take Philadelphia to maintain the confidence the two months of success had granted them. For the revolutionaries the British strangle hold had done more harm than the British land forces, cutting off needed supplies to the revolutionaries

With British dominance over the seas a successful siege of Philadelphia was out of the question, but, just days after Napoleon had crossed the Alps, the the arrival of the Spanish fleet, which had been promised to assist the Americans during the conflict, finally arrived in a force capable of acting as more than naissance to the Royal Navy. A pincer would cut the British off from the sea, hopefully, while Colonel, as he was then, Andrew Jackson and General Lee siege the city. The Battle of Delaware Bay would be one of the rare times during the Great French War that the British would find themselves on the losing end of a naval battle. The Royal Navy, expecting the Spanish to try and threaten Florida had not expected the Spanish fleet to Maryland. By the time British fleet came to relieve the city the Spanish fleet maintained a defended position, preventing the British from relieving the city. General Abercromby how had no means of escape, The Americans had surrounded the city, and the Spanish blockaded an escape by way of water. Some call what General Abercromby did next an act of cowardice, and yet others an act of courage. The General would not see his men slaughtered until the last man, he would not see the city’s population starve and die at his hands, and and so on June 5th he sent his surrender to Colonel Jackson and General Lee. Philadelphia was in American hands, General Lee and Colonel Jackson has accepted the surrender of the single most important British military figure in the American theater of the war as well as having captured a great deal of British troops.



With this victory we see an end to most major fighting in North America, though there would be two more attempts to retake Annapolis both of which ended in failure.


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A world nearing peace

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Now this is very good. Muy bueno! ​

Chapter 4: I hear in my Mind all these Words


Part I: Politics in old and new lands 1801-1802

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The Liberal and Learned Prussians: The Climate of Liberalization in Berlin

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The Liberal and Learned Prussians: Prussian Foreign Policy during the Age of Revolution.
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The American Questions: A question of whom

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