In regards to bombers, they would need a long range bomber that was capable of carrying a super bomb. Something along the lines of a B-29 perhaps, though different.
As to the navy, would the Germans see the value of the aircraft carrier differently than in the OTL?
Aircraft carriers don't have much value for Germany, the OTL German aircraft carrier program would have been better cancelled and spent of subs or surface ships. The purpose of the OTL WWI era German Navy was to force the British to neutralize it diplomatically (give Germany concessions to keep Germany neutral) and to prevent a close blockade. In TL-191 you could probably add tying down 80-90% of the RN's modern heavy units to let the USN operate with greater freedom.
Aircraft carriers are not needed where land based air can cover, and the German Navy's heavy units are reasonably going to be operating under a land based air umbrella, since they are essentially trapped in the North Sea and Baltic as long as the RN is there in strength. So really no need for them to have carriers. Postwar, once the RN is no longer a factor, then having carriers would make sense
Would guess the heavy units of the 191 Hochseeflotte would look something like this
BB
4 Helgoland class, no longer combat capable, converted to support roles
5 Kaiser class, modernized to a degree some units, other converted to support roles and not combat capable
4 Koenig class, modernized, still mostly second line units
4 Bayern class, modernized, essentially first line units
4 ATL 1922 class, 4x2 42cm/45, 35cm Belt, 28 knots, modernized, first line units
4 ATL 1936 class, 4x2 42cm/48, 35cm Belt, 30 knots, modern unit designed to counter new Russian designs
4 ATL 1938 class, 4x2 42cm/48, 40cm Belt, 30 knots, modern unit designed to counter new British designs
BC
2 Derfflinger class, heavily modernized, second line units
4 Mackensen class, heavily modernized, first line units, though deployed more as Battleships
3 Ersatz Yorck class, heavily modernized, first line units, though deployed more as Battleships