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Cactus Jack's Misfortune - Part IV

Though Vice President Douglas had helped hand the Democrats a fourth term in office, he was not the most popular man in Washington at the start of 1945. Many of the party officials had wanted Harry Truman instead of him, and the fact that he was a remarkably liberal justice during his time on the Supreme Court didn't help the conservative faction like him. Despite that he proved to be an effective mediator between the President and congress, especially as Roosevelt became ever more involved in ending the war with Japan before midterms.

Though Roosevelt was remarkably open with Douglas, especially considering the tight control that he maintained over Garner, Bankhead, Adams and Wallace, there was one area he kept the Vice President in the dark about, and that was the Manhattan Project.

The American nuclear program had been in development since early 1942, first in Tennessee, then in New Mexico when the open and barren desert proved to be more hospitable to a potential nuclear test. Though Roosevelt had expected the bomb to be used on Nazi Germany, the collapse and quarantine of that nation had necessitated that the bomb would be used on Japan if it was going to be used at all.

Outside of the Manhattan Project the collapse of Germany had created a quandary on what could be done with the land. Germany as a whole was heavily contaminated with anthrax, and according to British data the average plot of German land between Essen and Berlin would be dangerous to human habitation without extensive cleanup for at least another century.

Extensive cleanup however was not on the agenda and as a whole Germany, or whatever remained of it, was an extremely dangerous place. Guderian had almost certainly been overthrown by Nazi hardliners after his declaration of surrender, but whether those hardliners were able to seize power was unclear, with Berlin descending into civil war and the Red Army blasting their way into the city by the middle of February and declaring it pacified by the end of March after suffering more than sixty thousand casualties.

The Western Allies took a more strategic approach to the German problem, sending commando units into the quarantine zone to rescue scientists and other talented individuals. Beria did the same, but most scientists willingly fled to the American side of the quarantine zone, fearing poor treatment if they went east.

In fact, scientists weren't the only ones fleeing the quarantine zone. The flood of refugees into both the Soviet Union and liberated France/Italy was almost uncontrollable, leading to massive detention camps on both sides of the zone where the population of refugees was searched in order to discover Nazi war criminals. Josef Mengele was discovered that way, as was Adolf Eichmann, and with a great deal of the Nazi high command either dead or in custody, the Soviets and Western allies gathered to begin the process of discovering exactly what had happened with the Final Solution.

Eichmann had brought several suitcases full of documents and souvenirs from the camps with him out of the quarantine zone and these were used to sentence him to death, but only after he spent nearly one hundred hours being recorded by Allied officials detailing the process of planning the Final Solution as well as every last detail of actually carrying it out.

The Soviets, during their lightning rush into eastern Poland had encountered several intact extermination camps where the guards had simply fled rather than spend time killing off the last of the residents and thus risk being caught by the Red Army. These camps had been dedicated to the wholesale slaughter of Red Army prisoners of war, less than 15% of whom survived the war. (More often than not Beria would send survivors of these camps to act as gulag guards rather than expose the regular population of the USSR to 'cowardice'). A number of camps dedicated to exterminating Jews, Roma and other 'undesirables' were also extensively documented, the fleeing Nazis having little time to demolish them.

The death toll for the Final Solution, including all groups targeted (some studies conducted during the Cold War did not include Red Army POWs despite the fact that they were slated for extermination just as aggressively as the Jews or Roma) was determined as being between eight and ten million, with at least another five hundred thousand dissidents and other enemies of the state being purposefully starved to death in prison after fuel supplies dried up during the last days of the war and transportation to the extermination camps became impossible.

These trials resulted in the execution of nearly every single Nazi official above the rank of colonel who was involved, and lasted for two months, from May 7, 1945 to July 12, 1945. One of the only high ranking Nazi officials to survive was Admiral Doenitz, who had fled to the Western Allied side of the zone upon hearing of Guderian's surrender. He was sentenced to ten years in prison, though he remarked that Churchill and Roosevelt deserved worse.

Churchill and Roosevelt weren't listening though, Churchill was effectively dead in the water following extreme controversy surrounding Operation Vegetarian, and Roosevelt was reading a memo announcing that an atom bomb had been successfully tested at White Sands, creating a blast equal to that of a hundred thousand tons of dynamite.

Roosevelt would never get a chance to see this bomb in action because at that very moment, in between reading the memo and calling the scientists to congratulate them he sighed and then slumped forwards onto his desk, having suffered a sudden cerebral hemorrhage. Vice President Douglas, who was in the room with him at the time, went with the President to the hospital and was reported to have shed tears when President Roosevelt was pronounced dead a little less than five minutes later.

The shock of Roosevelt's death practically caused the nation to stand still, with combat operations on Formosa actually ceasing for an hour in the aftermath of the news. A noticeably shocked and saddened Douglas, who had lost not only his President but also one of his best friends in the world, was sworn in the next day, announcing that while nobody could live up to Franklin Roosevelt, he would do his best to try.

Upon returning to the White House President Douglas was made aware of the existence of the atom bomb and expressed reluctance to use such a terrible weapon in combat (Douglas feared more than anything that if the weapon were used on Japan then its use would become normalized, much like poison gas in the First World War and biological weapons in the Second).

To seek another opinion Douglas spoke to Supreme Commander Eisenhower, who told the new President that using the bomb would save far more lives than it would cost if it prevented an invasion of the Japanese Home Islands. Douglas accepted this opinion, the ongoing battle of Formosa probably had some influence on this decision due to a Japanese promise that they would treat the island like it was a piece of Kyushu or Hokkaido. Nearly nineteen thousand American and Australian soldiers would die securing Formosa, a horrifying indication of what laid in wait on the Home Islands themselves.

Another concern is the Japanese presence in China, which itself is a hotbed of competing communist and nationalist sentiment. Douglas, recognizing that Beria will not remain an ally for long, begins to funnel aid to Chiang Kai-Shek and his nationalist government, helping them battle communist rebels as well as the ever weakening Japanese Army. Allied units are present in China as well, Douglas is an admirer of China and wishes to see it remain an ally of the United States well into the future, something that it will not be if Soviet backed groups gain power.

With all of this on his mind Douglas opts not to choose a Vice President until the 1948 convention, leaving the media buzzing that this new President is going to seek a term of his own…and sparking plenty of curiosity regarding who the Vice President could be.

Luckily for Douglas, still a relative novice when it comes to international relations, Beria's aggression in the quarantine zone was not due to insanity on his part but rather a genuine fear of assassination or a coup. Beria's brutal methods and heartless bureaucracy kept the USSR running during the war, but with relative peace upon them and no fear of annihilation at the hands of the Nazis, Beria has begun to notice no shortage of unfriendly eyes upon him. Thus he orders things like the invasion and annexation of Berlin and a slow encroachment into the quarantine zone, which causes no end of alarm from the Western Allies, who continue to hold a line stretching from Essen to Komstanz, interning and housing refugees fleeing from the nightmarish conditions at home, much to the chagrin of no shortage of French residents, who are unhappy that the border of their nation has essentially been turned into a refugee camp, full of Germans nonetheless.

And so it comes as no surprise when Beria's car is attacked by several gunmen as it approaches the Kremlin on August 3, 1945. Beria escapes unharmed but his mind is shot and he orders dozens killed, the Red Army seals off the city and much like his predecessor, Beria commits a purge, not of the Red Army (which is fiercely loyal to Beria since he has not purged them and tends to give them whatever they want) but of the government.

As the USSR bleeds, Churchill calls upon Douglas and asks him for support in declaring an end to the Western Allies' alliance to the USSR. Douglas, who is not amongst the supporters of Operation Vegetarian, says that he will think about it, and later that day signs an order authorizing the dropping of an atom bomb on the Japanese city of Nagasaki.

From an airbase in Formosa an American bomber takes off and four hours later an entire city erupts into flame. The Japanese do not respond to Douglas offering terms and so three days later the city of Kagoshima is obliterated as well. This time, despite a narrowly avoided coup from a number of hardliners, Emperor Hirohito surrenders. As of August 10, 1945 the Second World War is over.

As Japanese troops withdraw from what scraps of China and Korea they still cling to, Douglas is careful to maintain American military pressure over the area, denying access to Soviet troops beyond Manchuria, which they invaded in the dying days of the war. Most controversial amongst these actions was the barring of Soviet troops from northern Korea, which sparked a minor international incident but raised Douglas' profile considerably amongst the anti communist conservatives at home.

This international posturing is now recognized as the first actions of the Cold War but at the time Douglas did hope that once Beria was removed from power that the American-Soviet alliance could be repaired. However, even though Beria was not long for this earth, his successor was hardly more reasonable.

Sergei Kruglov, though he had succeeded Beria as the head of the NKVD, was not a Beria loyalist and dodged Beria's purge as much out of luck as skillful politics. He however had no interest in having to survive a second one and as autumn of 1945 drew to a close Beria was found dead and in the aftermath of the bloodshed that he had committed, Kruglov maneuvered himself into power, brokering heavily with Semyon Timoshenko of the Red Army and Lazar Kaganovich, who represented the rest of the government. These three did not always get along but an uneasy peace settled down as they recognized that they were all far too powerful to risk killing and thus sending the nation into chaos.

With chaos in the USSR averted, the war in Japan won and Asia proving to be the first major battleground of the Cold War, the 1946 midterms prove to be remarkably uneventful, with the Republican party gaining a few seats in both houses but not threatening the existing Democratic majorities. Douglas has been doing a pretty god job so far the consensus is, and even now that the war is over the economy is still good.

However, with many of the major hurdles of the first year of his presidency overcome Douglas finds himself looking inwards. Recalling his conversations with Supreme Commander Eisenhower, Douglas begins to pass a series of infrastructure programs dedicated to building a set of highways and other roads, as well as a set of nuclear power plants. Though Douglas is still haunted by his role in the atomic bombings of Nagasaki and Kagoshima he recognizes that nuclear power has a bright future, so long as it is used for purely peaceful methods.

Due to these developments, as well as Douglas' efforts to ramp down wartime security laws and censorship he is a popular President as he heads into the 1948 election. He runs largely unopposed in the primaries, barely even campaigning and instead letting his achievements speak for himself. But just a few weeks before the convention he makes his first major slip, by denouncing segregation and announcing that he would like to see the military integrated before he leaves office. This enrages many conservative Democrats and though Douglas finds himself adored by the minority and liberal vote, he realizes that he is suddenly in serious danger of not being nominated.

But to his relief the conservatives are not able to agree upon a candidate, instead supporting a splinter ticket of Strom Thurmond and Fielding Wright. Douglas is nominated and reviews his choices, knowing that he must win at least a few southern electoral votes if he wishes to win a full term for himself. In desperation he calls his friend Dwight Eisenhower and asks for his advice before being struck by a very attractive idea.

Eisenhower respectfully declines Douglas' proposition that he come aboard as Vice President, but does give him some advice, which Douglas takes. The next morning he reviews his choices, knowing that his judgement must be perfect if he wants to win.

- Agriculture Secretary Henry Wallace of Iowa
- Senator Alben Barkley of Kentucky
- Senator Claude Pepper of Florida
- Senator Harry Truman of Missouri

The choices before him seem to have only flaws at first, Wallace is too liberal, Barkley too old. Claude Pepper approaches Douglas not long before the first vote and Douglas soon finds himself drawn to the fiery and outspoken Floridian, who id unapologetic in his support of civil rights and seems glad that there is finally a President who will openly support equality. Harry Truman is considered as well but instead of the vice presidency Douglas offers him a spot as Treasury Secretary, a tradeoff which Truman accepts.

Peppers is confirmed on the second ballot (Barkley puts up a fight but it is not enough) and the Democratic ticket proves to be an interesting, if controversial one.

Sensing weakness the Republicans engage in a fierce primary battle, believing that 1948 will finally be the year that they break the Democrats' hold on the White House. In the race is everyone from Earl Warren to Harold Stassen to Thomas Dewey to Arthur Vandenberg. The convention hall nomination is fierce but Earl Warren, the front runner for much of the primaries, is nominated on the second ballot, choosing Harold Stassen as his running mate.

Both tickets are exceptionally popular and well regarded, with the Thurmond/Wright ticket limited to the south and trailing well behind both major parties. But even if it isn't very large it is durable and feeds upon the pro civil rights comments made by both candidates. Warren admits that segregation is not to his liking towards the end of the campaign and Douglas meets with Warren to tell him that he would be an excellent Supreme Court justice. Perhaps in a later administration though.

The race is close and as Election Day arrives all of the candidates hold their breath, awaiting the results and wondering if the Democrats will win a fifth election and close out a full two decades in office.

Election night ends, millions across the nation either cheer or scowl, and President Douglas calls Warren to congratulate him on a well run campaign and to tell him good luck next time. Warren takes that to heart far more than Douglas could ever realize.

President William Douglas/Vice President Claude Pepper - 283 EV
Governor Earl Warren/Former Governor Harold Stassen - 220 EV
Senator Strom Thurmond/Governor Fielding Wright - 28 EV

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The first campaign button my mother (later a political scientist) ever wore was for Claude Pepper, in his "flaming Red" days. Thanks for showing a little mercy to your TL.:)
 
Election night ends, millions across the nation either cheer or scowl, and President Douglas calls Warren to congratulate him on a well run campaign and to tell him good luck next time. Warren takes that to heart far more than Douglas could ever realize.

President William Douglas/Vice President Claude Pepper - 283 EV
Governor Earl Warren/Former Governor Harold Stassen - 220 EV
Senator Strom Thurmond/Governor Fielding Wright - 28 EV

Just curious, out of Douglas, Pepper, Warren and Stassen, which of the four were *least* anti-segregation?

Presuming 1952 is Pepper vs. Warren, I think the chance that there is a "southern ticket" of some type is approaching 100%.
 
The first campaign button my mother (later a political scientist) ever wore was for Claude Pepper, in his "flaming Red" days. Thanks for showing a little mercy to your TL.:)

Claude Pepper is a criminally underused character in political TLs, he's really quite interesting. And also, apologies for not updating Icarus, I feel that I should take a little break from it and recharge my batteries, so I'm doing this instead.

Just curious, out of Douglas, Pepper, Warren and Stassen, which of the four were *least* anti-segregation?

Presuming 1952 is Pepper vs. Warren, I think the chance that there is a "southern ticket" of some type is approaching 100%.

I would have to say that Stassen would be the least anti segregation, though since he has firmly aligned himself with the liberal wing of the Republican party ITTL he probably holds similar opinions to Warren. Pepper is dedicated to full equality and will definitely be pushing for action to make the poll tax illegal during his time in the White House, and since Douglas has already alienated the southern conservatives then he'll have little reason not to play along. Interesting times are coming.
 
Claude Pepper is a criminally underused character in political TLs, he's really quite interesting. And also, apologies for not updating Icarus, I feel that I should take a little break from it and recharge my batteries, so I'm doing this instead.



I would have to say that Stassen would be the least anti segregation, though since he has firmly aligned himself with the liberal wing of the Republican party ITTL he probably holds similar opinions to Warren. Pepper is dedicated to full equality and will definitely be pushing for action to make the poll tax illegal during his time in the White House, and since Douglas has already alienated the southern conservatives then he'll have little reason not to play along. Interesting times are coming.


Well, nothing in China is glowing in the dark, so it has to be a better headplace to be than Icarus....

I'm not sure when we got to having both major parties with presidential candidates as anti-segregation as we had iTTL's 1948. (Ford/Carter - 1976?)

Another question about Douglas. Given that being in the White House puts more stress on a marriage, how is William and Mildred's Marriage going?
 
Cactus Jack's Misfortune - Part V

The second inauguration of President William Douglas was significantly happier than the first. Though his victory had been narrow the President had secured victory not only against the Republicans but the Dixiecrats as well. His agenda had survived the rigors of election and with the public largely pleased by his infrastructure bills and aggressive foreign policy against Soviet expansion abroad it looked like the future was going to be a very Democratic one.

But even as the President celebrated his opponents panicked. The Republicans, once certain that 1948 was going to be their year, began to wonder what had gone wrong. After some debate a consensus was reached, and it was agreed that when 1952 arrived they would reach for a more conservative choice. The party had been trending liberal for years now and with nothing but defeat to show for it. It was time to pull a U-turn influential voices decreed, and with the Cold War beginning to take shape, that sentiment was surprisingly popular.

The Dixiecrats were also restless, and though Thurmond was against creating a regional bloc for fear of alienating his friends amongst the Democratic party, he reluctantly agreed upon hearing the President announce that since the American people had given him a clear mandate he would use it to eliminate the poll tax through judicial action, integrate the armed services and end segregation at all costs.

The first major expansion of the American nuclear arsenal was also taking place, and Douglas soon found himself funding a number of programs that would emulate the V2 rockets that the Nazis had used to lob poison gas warheads at London towards the end of the war. These rockets however would be carrying nuclear missiles instead, and though Douglas was reluctant to expand the usage of atomic energy beyond peaceful means he did so knowing that it was an unfortunate necessity in a post atomic world.

One of the scientists rescued from former Germany was a certain Werner Von Braun, who was responsible for building the poison gas rockets. He had had his name changed to protect his identity since he was wanted for war crimes in most of the Western Allied nations, but oddly enough Douglas felt a kinship with him. Both had done horrible things with the technologies that they admired, Douglas with the atom bomb, Von Braun with his rockets. What Von Braun wanted more than anything else was to send men to the moon and expand outwards into space. Douglas agreed that that was an admirable goal and within the first hundred days of his full term he had announced that the year's budget for 1950 would include a significant amount of money for civilian spaceflight.

While some disagreed, saying that the program would simply throw money away with no benefit for the average American the proposal still passed congress, there was no real reason to vote against it, especially when it offered a chance to bring manufacturing operations into once impoverished regions. Besides, the economy was still good, unemployment low and national satisfaction with the status quo optimal. After the horrors of the war most people were happy to simply sit back and relax, even if the President did have some fancied notions of what place the black man had in society.

With the midterms fast approaching, Douglas and Pepper began to campaign hard for their planned civil rights advances, sending pamphlets across the nation and producing such a prodigious cloud of advertising that many politicians attempting to campaign for midterms were drowned out. Douglas searched the military for advocates of integration, finding an unlikely ally in the arch-conservative General Curtis LeMay, who was famous for co-piloting the plane that had dropped the bomb on Nagasaki.

Both fights were divisive and extremely close, but in the end, just a month before the midterms the US military was officially integrated, and though some dramatically announced that this was the end of American might and superior fighting power, the transition was remarkably peaceful. The only issue was that due to a lifetime of being denied the superior education that their white counterparts got, many minorities within the armed forces did have the test scores need to advance to officer. Douglas let the military solve this issue on their own, a problem that they solved remarkably well. Douglas' endorsement of an enhanced GI Bill also helped and as the midterms ended with another few seats changing hands but the Democrats maintaining control over congress it began to look as though Douglas had borne the storm and was in the clear.

On January 13, 1951, after several weeks of argument, the Supreme Court decided, 6-3 that the poll tax was unconstitutional. Douglas and Pepper lauded it as a victory but were forced to deploy federal troops to several cities when race riots broke out, instigated by furious whites going to get some sort of misguided revenge on their black counterparts. Thurmond and his colleagues latched onto the violence, and though it was ended quickly and with little bloodshed, announced that the south was burning and that it was the fault of 'the nigra lovers in the White House.'

Douglas' polling in the south took a hit but remained largely steady. But he wasn't concerned with this, leaving Vice President Pepper to do damage control as he looked abroad.

While the late 1940s and early 50s had been wonderful for America, the same could not be said for France and Great Britain. France had suffered many humiliations during the Second World War, but even though they had been freed of the Nazi menace, they still found themselves overrun by refugees fleeing from the German quarantine zone. These refugees encountered no shortage of adversity and once out of Germany often had no place to go. The French people did not enjoy having their former oppressors living amongst them and as the post war period began in earnest they elected Charles De Gaulle to lead their nation.

De Gaulle (who never really was the same after being captured and tortured by the SS during the fall of France), implemented hardline conservative policies dedicated to reclaiming French colonies in Southeast Asia and expelling the refugees from his nation. This led to perhaps the most climactic event of the early 1950s in the form of the Vietnam debacle.

Vietnam had been a great help in tying down large numbers of Japanese troops during the Pacific war, so when British, Australian and American troops liberated the nation on their way to China in late 1944 President Roosevelt struck up communication with a number of representatives from the VietMinh, including a certain Ho Chi Minh. He believed their group to be short-lived and didn't do much besides congratulate them on their good work during the war, but President Douglas, alarmed by what he saw in France, decided that continued French intervention in Vietnam would be against American interests and simply give the Soviets opportunities to gain influence over the nation.

Thus began the Vietnam debacle, which was perhaps only a debacle for France. In an impressive feat of back channeling and clandestine work American units in southern China supplied moderate and even socialist elements of the VietMinh with weaponry and other supplies, all the while asking for peace in Vietnam in the form of a referendum. De Gaulle, knowing that his reputation hung on the line, refused, and the war dragged onwards, though with the VietMinh gaining more and more ground with each passing month.

At home the President began to receive questions of whether or not he was going to seek a third term. Despite Republican plans to implement an amendment limiting the number of presidential terms to two they had never been able to pass it, facing significant opposition from New Deal democrats and more moderate Republicans who wanted their own people to have the chance to reach Rooseveltian levels of glory in the future. Douglas was unsure and once again reached out to his friend Dwight Eisenhower.

Eisenhower, who had been receiving a flood of requests to run for office under almost every party imaginable (the American Communist Party actually sent Eisenhower a request in late 1950, though they received no response) had remained aloof, though it was reported that at least a dozen delegates in both parties planned on voting for him no matter what.

According to his memoirs he did give some thought to running in 1952, but the thought of having to run against Douglas, who he counted as a dear friend, stopped him in his tracks. Eisenhower told Douglas to go with God and once again Douglas took that advice. On his way back to the White House that night he spotted a cluster of homeless men sleeping in an alleyway. Poverty, though greatly reduced since the days of the Great Depression, still existed and so Douglas announced that he would stand for a third term, which drew raucous cheers from his supporters and much wailing and gnashing of teeth from his detractors.

The Republican field for 1952 was wide, and when Eisenhower declined to run it only got wider. At first the party doctrine of increased conservatism seemed to be holding, with Robert Taft, veteran of the 1940 election, becoming the frontrunner, though his isolationist policies (toned down from 1940 but still present) soon sunk him, allowing a young senator from California to take the lead.

Richard Nixon, though the darkest of dark horses, was popular as the Republican National Convention began. The main candidates had split their delegates fairly evenly, and as was the case for almost every convention of the past two decades, there was no clear winner on the first ballot. Instead the options stood and watched the ballots continue endlessly on.

- Governor Earl Warren of California
- Senator Robert Taft of Ohio
- Former Governor Harold Stassen of Minnesota (prior to the convention Stassen and Warren had come to an agreement that whichever one of them got the least delegates on the third ballot would drop out of the running and give their delegates to the other)
- Senator Richard Nixon of California
- Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. of Massachusetts

On the third ballot two men dropped out, Harold Stassen and Henry Lodge, one honoring an agreement (and securing a spot as Secretary of State in a possible Warren administration), the other recognizing that he had no chance to win. On the fifth ballot Richard Nixon dropped out as well, giving his delegates to Earl Warren and pushing him just barely over the top. On the sixth ballot Earl Warren was nominated as the Republican candidate for President for the second time in a row.

Though many expected him to once again choose Harold Stassen and once again run the exact same race, Warren did not make an immediate decision. Stassen did not want to play second fiddle anymore, having lost two presidential elections already, and so Warren weighed his options, even as the Democratic convention came to an end and Douglas/Pepper hit the campaign trail for the second time.

Earl Warren, on the night of the vote for running mate, had these options laid out before him:

- Senator Richard Nixon of California (Nixon's act of effectively handing him the nomination certainly did warrant a reward but Warren wasn't sure if Nixon would be the best choice)
- Senator Robert Taft of Ohio (Warren sent away the aide who suggested that)
- Senator Wayne Morse of Oregon
- Senator Everett Dirksen of Illinois

Finally, an hour before the vote began, Warren called Wayne Morse, who announced, much to Warren's surprise that he was going to support the President). Disappointed with that answer Warren turned back to his options and endorsed Everett Dirksen, appeasing the conservative wing of the party. Dirksen's anti communist attitude meshed well with Warren's more liberal beliefs and almost immediately the race became downright competitive.

While Douglas and Pepper operated as a functioning unit, having spent four years in one another's company, Warren and Dirksen seemed slightly robotic, not exactly knowing what to think of the other. Dirksen was unable to criticize much of President Douglas' foreign policy seeing as how the man had prevented the Soviets from entering Korea and was sending aid to nationalist groups in China. When the senator asked Warren if they could perhaps race bait the President into submission, Warren was shocked. He considered the President a friend of his and didn't want to fire up the racists any more, even if it did give him the presidency.

The only area where the Warren/Dirksen ticket continually scored hits was on the United States' relation with France. Warren was no De Gaulle fan but did believe that a strong European community was necessary to keep communism in check. Douglas begged to differ but kept quiet, responding with allegations of French war crimes in Algeria and Vietnam at the UN, which enraged Britain but didn't do much else.

Vice President Pepper's past pro-Soviet beliefs were also called into question, but Douglas was quick to point out Dirksen's own flip flops and the debate ended there.

In the south, largely ignored by both candidates, the Dixiecrat ticket, made up of the same people but now far better organized and funded, seemed likely to sweep the south. Douglas and Pepper barnstormed and while there gained an ally in the form of Senator Lyndon Johnson of Texas, who had campaigned for Douglas in every election that he had run. While this damaged Johnson's image in front of the more conservative residents of his district it also helped immeasurably in Texas.

As Election Day approached it appeared that the polls were tied and the nation set in for another nail biter as the first results began to pour in.

By a margin of less than a quarter million votes nationwide, including a grueling race in Montana that came down to the final precincts, President Douglas picks up his phone with one trembling hand and once again calls Warren to congratulate him on a race well run.

"Now I'll have to stick you in the Supreme Court, otherwise you might just beat me next time."
-Quote attributed to President William Douglas, speaking on the phone with Governor Earl Warren on election night, November 7, 1952.

President William Douglas/Vice President Claude Pepper - 272 EV
Governor Earl Warren/Senator Everett Dirksen - 222 EV
Senator Strom Thurmond/Former Governor Fielding Wright - 37 EV

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Well, nothing in China is glowing in the dark, so it has to be a better headplace to be than Icarus….

Yup. Poor China got a raw deal for a pretty good chunk of the 20th century. I'm not planning for this to be a dystopia, some things will go better, some things will go worse, just like real life. Apart from Operation Vegetarian and the giant Germany sized death zone, that was pretty grimdark.

I'm not sure when we got to having both major parties with presidential candidates as anti-segregation as we had iTTL's 1948. (Ford/Carter - 1976?)

Yeah, you're probably right. The US will probably end up being more socially progressive ITTL, which is always nice.

Another question about Douglas. Given that being in the White House puts more stress on a marriage, how is William and Mildred's Marriage going?

Funny that you mention that, this actually plays a role in Part VI.
 
Claude Pepper is a criminally underused character in political TLs, he's really quite interesting. And also, apologies for not updating Icarus, I feel that I should take a little break from it and recharge my batteries, so I'm doing this instead.

Fair enough. Not like you're not one of the most reliable post-1900 updaters.:)

Claude is, truly, underused. Among modernizing-to-liberal Southern Dems I think he, fellow-Floridian Lawton Chiles, and Jim Hunt of my home state NC are the most thoroughly underused. (Sure there are the Kefauvers and Sanfords and Robbs of the world, and I really like the first two esp. Sanford, but they get occasional love -- like lord caedus' nice turn with Robb over in the Wikiboxes.) And for authorial/dramatic purposes Claude's the best of the three. You wanna make the Color Bar issue go BOOM in the Southern half of the party?

.... Just add Pepper.

YEEEEEEAAAAAAAHHHH!!:cool:

NB: I wonder that Thurmond might also have picked up either Virginia (despite his rivalry with Harry Byrd they could at least agree on frothing, lizard-brain hatred for integrationists), or Georgia because of its Georgia-ness. But these are quibbles.
 
Yup. Poor China got a raw deal for a pretty good chunk of the 20th century. I'm not planning for this to be a dystopia, some things will go better, some things will go worse, just like real life. Apart from Operation Vegetarian and the giant Germany sized death zone, that was pretty grimdark.



Yeah, you're probably right. The US will probably end up being more socially progressive ITTL, which is always nice.



Funny that you mention that, this actually plays a role in Part VI.

True. What parts of Eastern Europe did the Soviets get iTTL? E Germany's worthless (probably not worthwhile to ship factories out of) , Poland (and Ukraine) were fought over with all sorts of longer lasting Poisons, so the question is primarily the Balkans, right? And China has had enough US troops in it to give communism in Asia a severe beating. In short the number of people under communism by 1952 is going to be about half of OTL, I think.

Wonder how long until Congress has a house without a functioning majority party.

You can have Girard Davidson in Washington or not in Washington... Lots of butterflies before you determine if he ever gets together with Mercedes....
 
I've got a bunch of these so why not post them here?

United States of Ameriwank - 1789
As the newly independent states continue the process of ratifying the constitution and officially entering the union, the election of 1789 sees George Washington win in a clean electoral sweep.

EDIT: Maps get better as my skills increased while writing the story. Eventually I denote the winners more clearly on the maps but until then look for the bolded and underlined name in the text to easily identify the winner.

1789 Election Map.PNG
 
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United States of Ameriwank - 1792

All of the original states have ratified the Constitution and we even have our first two new states: Vermont and Kentucky. Once again, George Washington wins in a clean sweep.

1792 Election Map.PNG
 
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United States of Ameriwank - 1796

The first contested election in American history, this pits John Adams against Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson's pro-France and pro-Agrarian policies make him popular in the south, west, and Quebec but Adams' pro-Britain and pro-trade policies make him popular in the north and among the Caribbean sugar planters.

1796 Election Map.PNG
 
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United States of Ameriwank - 1800

The first three way contest in American history, it was preceded by a constitutional amendment to allow a plurality victory instead of requiring a second election to achieve a majority. The federalist party splits as the divide between the north and the Caribbean becomes too large in terms of party platforms and policies. The Southern Federalists are led by Richard Fordham and are pro-Britain, pro-free trade, and pro-slavery. The Northern Federalists are championed once more by Adams who remains pro-British and pro-trade, but prefers protectionist policies to help grow northern industry. They also capture the new state of Haiti which hates the French and obviously slavery. This split allows the Democratic-Republican candidate, Thomas Jefferson to score the win by a single electoral vote.

1800 Election Map.PNG
 
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United States of Ameriwank - 1804

The popularity of Jefferson's early presidency and the subsequent collapse of the Federalist Party lead to a de facto one party state situation. Thomas Jefferson dominates the polls save for Charles Pinckney who runs on an anti-Napoleon and pro-British platform that garners several votes, mainly from Haiti which is still seething after years of French colonialism. The new states of Ohio, Martinique, Guadeloupe, and Guiana (the last three acquired after the end of the Franco-American War in 1799) all vote for Jefferson.

1804 Election Map.PNG
 
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United States of Ameriwank - 1808

James Madison follows Jefferson's footsteps and dominates the 1808 election despite an attempt to rebuild the Federalist Party. Jamaica does not participate in this election as the state is currently in revolt as part of the brief Sugar War, a small Caribbean revolt among sugar plantation owners that feel their voice is not being heard on the mainland and who have always vehemently opposed the statehood of Haiti (which had been ram-rodded through by the secretive Order of Freedom operating behind the scenes...).

The new map is also much prettier and includes the retconned fix to Quebec which I had learned controlled Labrador as opposed to Newfoundland (you can see the mistake in the previous maps). :p

1808 Ameriwank Election Final.png
 
Could you denote the winner of the election on the image itself?

Right now I'm scrambling to post them all before a friend arrives (up to 1860) but I'll bold the winner in the text to make it easier. I know eventually I denote the winner on the map itself. My map making skills got better as the story went on.
 
United States of Ameriwank - 1812

War looms over the nation as the United States is about to be sucked into the Napoleonic Wars. James Madison emerges victorious once more as the Federalist attempt to rebuild collapses in on itself once more. The division between the north and the Caribbean is just too much to overcome despite some similarities in policy and a desire that the US not to go to war with Britain.

Madison also picks up the new state of Louisiana.

1812 Ameriwank Election.png
 
The United States of Ameriwank - 1816

The US emerges victorious from the War of the Sixth Coalition and the Democratic-Republicans are stronger than ever. James Monroe takes the election easily, downing the federalist party which has finally official split. The Federalist Party is still alive in the north under a platform of protectionist trade and led by Rufus King. The southern federalists have formed their own party, the infamous Freedom Party which eventually transform from a party encouraging free trade into the defenders of slavery.

James Monroe also captures the new state of Indiana.

1816 Election Ameriwank.png
 
United States of Ameriwank - 1824

The election of 1824 was highly contentious. The Democratic-Republican Party was polarized by the possibility of Andrew Jackson running. This lead to a Democratic-Republican split between supporters of Jackson, a war hero and populist, and Henry Clay, generally viewed as the spokesman of the western states. The Federalist Party had led in the polls for some time with John Quincy Adams as their lead man but the Panic of 1822 and outrage against the Bank of the United States (led by Jackson) severely hurt the Federalist cause. William Crawford ran as a moderate independent and captured several key states that swung the election, notably Quebec which was a solid Adams state until its most famous resident, an exiled Napoleon Bonaparte, endorsed Crawford. Lastly the Freedom Party nominated Daniel Emerson.

Emerson, Crawford, and Clay took votes from the larger campaign but in the end the loss of Quebec killed Adams. Andrew Jackson defeated Adams 122 to 112. Crawford took home 61 while Clay had 43 and Emerson had 40.

Jackson, Clay, and Adams split the new states of Illinois, Ontario, and Missouri.

1824 Election.png
 
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