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--- timelines:timeline_a_darker_world_war_ii [2006/11/09 11:15] – xen
+++ timelines:timeline_a_darker_world_war_ii [2019/03/29 15:13] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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-====== 1940 ======
+===== 1939 =====
-October: Spain declares war on the United Kingdom; Italy invades Greece
+August: Nazi-Soviet Pact
-November: Franklin D. Roosevelt elected to an unprecedented third term
+September: Germany invades Poland, beginning of the war in Europe
-November: The Spanish and German allies lay seige to Gibraltar
+September: The United Kingdom and France declare war on Germany
-November: Royal Marines occupy the Canary Islands
+September: Soviet Union invades Poland, Baltic Republics and Finland
-November: The Italian fleet is crippled by a British bomber torpedo raid
+September: Fall of Warsaw after 20 days of German bombardment
-/15 November: Germany bombs Coventry, England
+September: German-Soviet Partition of Poland
- November: Hungary joins the Axis Powers (Germany, Japan, Italy and Spain)
+ November: President Roosevelt signs Neutrality Act of 1939
-November: Britain launches invasion of Spanish Morocco
+===== 1940 =====
-November: Romania joins the Axis Powers
+March: Paul Reynaud becomes Prime Minister of France
-November: Ceuta falls to the British
+May: War on western front begins with Operation Yellow, the invasion of Belgium, Holland and Luxembourg; Prime Minister Chamberlain resigns, replaced by Winston Churchill
-December: Melilla falls to the British
+May: Germans break through Ardennnes into France
- December: Beginning of British War in North Africa against the Italians
+ May: Dutch government is forced into exile in London
-/31 December: Massive German air raid on London
+June: 338,000 allied troops evacuated from Dunkirk
-====== 1941 ======
+June: French government leaves Paris for Tours
-January: Tobruk in North Africa falls to the British and Australians
+June: Germans enter Paris; French government leaves Tours for Bordeaux
-February: After holding out for three months, Gibraltar falls to the German-Spanish alliance
+June: French-German Armistice negotiations begin
-February: Erwin Rommel arrives in Tripoli, North Africa, just ahead of his famed "Afrika Korps"
+June: All acts of war between the French and German armed forces officially cease. Prime Minister Churchill says France is not freed of her obligations.
-February: Australian-New Zealand forces launch invasion of Italian Somaliland
+June: German troops reach the French-Spanish border
-March: President Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act
+July: Marshal Petain replaces President Lebrun and proclaims himself ‘Chief of French State’ of the French Republic. Admiral Raeder, C-in-C of the German Navy expresses his reservations about any invasion of Britain
-March: British troops arrive in Greece
+July: Hitler issues Directive No. 15 outlining the details of 'Operation Sea Lion', the German invasion of the British Isles. In advance of the landings, the Luftwaffe is to begin operations against British defensive positions, airfields and radar installations along the southern coast of England on the 15th August with 2.600 aircraft having been earmarked for this purpose
-March: Spain invades Portugal
+July: Hitler issues Directive No.16, orders for the planning of 'Operation Sealion', the invasion of Britain. Twenty divisions are earmarked for the invasion, but the Luftwaffe must gain air superiority first. All plans are to be ready by mid-August
-March: A coup in Yugoslavia overthrows the pro-allied government
+July: A German memorandum issued by the OKM states that an invasion of Great Britain will not be possible until the second half of September 1940 and that the prospects for such an invasion seem doubtful
-April: Pro-Axis government set up in Iraq
+July: Hitler appraised the Army plan for the invasion of Britain at a conference of his top Military chiefs. The Navy criticize the plan for being on a too broad a front, requiring 2,500 barges in order to transport the invading forces, which cant be concentrated before the 15th of September at the earliest. The Army refute these arguments, saying that too narrow a front would allow the British to concentrate what forces they possess.
-April: The Germany invades Greece
+August: Hitler signs Directive No.17, requiring the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine to increase their attacks against Britain and her shipping, in preparation for 'Operation Sealion'
-April: Rommel attacks Tobruk
+October: Hitler postpones invasion of Britain until spring 1941
-April: Lisbon falls, Portugal surrenders to Spain
+October: Hitler meets with Francisco Franco at Hendaye, encouraging the Spanish leader to join him in the war
-April: Greece surrenders to Germany
+October: Spain declares war on the United Kingdom; Italy invades Greece
-June: German attack on Tobruk repulsed
+November: Franklin D. Roosevelt elected to an unprecedented third term
-May: Deputy Führer Rudolf Hess flies to Scotland to negotiate a peace with Britain, he is arrested and held as a POW
+November: The Italian fleet is crippled by a British bomber torpedo raid
-May: The British Ship //Hood// is sunk by the Reichsmarine
+December: German-Spanish siege begins on Gibraltar
-May: The German ship //Bismark// is sunk by the Royal Navy
+/31 December: Massive German air raid on London
+===== 1941 =====
+January: Royal Marines occupy the Canary Islands
+January: Large scale British invasion of Morocco, includes troops from South Africa, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and India
+February: After holding out for almost two months, Gibraltar falls to the German-Spanish alliance
+March: Spain invades Portugal
+April: Greece surrenders
 June: Pro-Allied government installed in Iraq
 June: Allies invade Syria and Lebanon
-June: The United States freezes Germany, Spanish and Italian assets in America
 June: Germany launches a surprise attack on the Soviet Union
 June: Germans capture Minsk
-June: Stalin calls for a scorched Earth Policy in the USSR
 July: Mutual Assistance agreement between Soviet Union and United Kingdom; Germans cross the Dnieper in the Ukraine where they are greeted as liberators.
@@ Line 79: / Line 87: @@
 July: British occupy Syria
-July: The United States suspends Japanese assets in America, suspends relations
+July: Göring instructs Heydrich to prepare for the Final Solution.
-July: Göring instructs Heydrich to prepare for the Final Solution.
-August: United States places Oil Embargo on Axis Powers
-August: Churchill and Roosevelt announce the Atlantic Charter
-August: Leningrad comes under seige
+August: Leningrad comes under siege
-September: First use of gas chambers at Auschwitz
 September: Kiev occupied by the Germans
-September: Several thousand Jews are slaughtered at Kiev
 September: Germans turn attention toward Moscow
@@ Line 103: / Line 101: @@
 November: Hitler proclaims victory in the East is near; Soviet leadership split between Andrei Zhdanov, Lavrenty Beria, and Vyacheslav Molotov in the town of Kuybyshev.
-November: The RAF bombs Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus Region to prevent them from falling to the Nazi's
+November: The RAF bombs Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus Region to prevent them from falling to the Nazis.
 November: Outraged by the bombing of the oil fields, Hitler pressures Turkey to allow German troops access through Anatolia and into Iraq.
- December: Unhappy with Turkey's unwillingness to aid him in the war, an outraged Hitler ordered the invasion of Anatolia. Germany was now at war with the Republic of Turkey.
+ December: The Empire of Japan launches a surprise attack on the United States Naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Japan declares war on the US, and British Commonwealth.
- December: The Red Army launches a counter offensive against the entrenched Germans in Moscow, forcing them to fight in the Russian Winter
+ December: The United States declares war on the Empire of Japan
-December: The Naval and Air Forces of the Empire of Japan launch a deadly surprise attack against the American Naval base at Pearl Harbor; Edirne Turkey falls to German troops without a fight
+ December: Germany, Italy and Spain declare war on the United States
-December: President Roosevelt requests the United States congress to declare war on Japan and Germany; The United Kingdom declares war on Japan
- December: Germany and Spain declare war on the United States
 December: Hitler takes complete control of the German military
-December: Seige of Istanbul begins
 ====== 1942 ======
-January: Declaration of the United Nations signed by 28 allied countries, many of them governments in exile
-January: German U-boat offensive along US Eastern coastline
 January: First American forces arrive in the United Kingdom
-February: Istanbul falls
 April: Japanese-Americans sent to relocation centers
@@ Line 138: / Line 122: @@
 June: Mass murder of the Jews begin in Auschwitz
+June: Japan invades northern Sakhalin island
+June: Japan lays siege to Vladivostok
+June: Vladivostok falls to Japanese occupation
+June: The United States Marines occupies the Soviet Far East
+June: Japanese troops easily conquers Mongolia, establishing a puppet Khanate
 June: Rommel captures Tobruk
- June: Eisenhower arrives in London
+ June: German advance to Baghdad stopped by allies at Samarra
-July: Rommel reaches El Alamein near Cairo, Egypt, battle of El Alamein begins
+July: Rommel reaches El Alamein near Cairo, Egypt, Battle of El Alamein begins
 July: Germans take Leningrad and Sevastopol
- July: Zhdanov is arrested on trumped up charges of treason, he is tried and executed within the week
+ July: Germans begin drive towards Stalingrad
- July: Germans begin drive toward Stalingrad
+ July: Battle of El Alamein ends with German victory
- July: Turkish capital Ankara is captured by Nazi's, the Turkish government flees to Antioch, then to London
+ July: Germans take control of the Nile River
-July: Axis friendly Turkish government set up in Bursa
+August: General Montgomery takes command of Eight Army in North Africa
-July: Battle of El Alamein ends with German withdrawal
+August: Germany offers Turkey an ultimatum for allowing Germany to pass through its territory
- August: General Montgomery takes command of Eight Army in North Africa
+ August: Turkey rejects the German ultimatum, Germany responds with a declaration of war
 August: German air raids on Stalingrad begins
+August: Civilians from Istanbul begin fleeing to Anatolia
 August: First all-American Air Attack in Europe
- September: Rommel driven back by Montgomery in the Battle of Alam Halfa.
+August: Germany invades Turkey, Edirne falls with in the first two hours
+August: Istanbul comes within sight of the Wehrmacht, several small skirmishes between the Germans and Turks result in a high loss of life for the Turks
+August: Following France's lead, the Republic of Turkey declares Istanbul an open city
+August: German troops enter Istanbul
+ September: Battle of Stalingrad begins, Soviet remnant appeals to the western allies to open a new front in Europe.
+September: German troops invade the Levant and Mesopotamia.
+September: Omar Bradley arrives in Iraq to take command of the Allied Forces
+November: US forces are defeated by Rommel at the Battle of the Nile; US General Fredendall is replaced by Patton
+December: British Foreign Secretary Eden tells the British House of Commons of mass executions of Jews by Nazis; U.S. declares those crimes will be avenged
+December: 250,000 strong Red Army leads a surprise attack on Stalingrad
+December: Caught off-guard the 75,000 German defenders are defeated with 40k being taken prisoner, the others KIA or wounded
+December: Patton flanks Rommel, surrounding the German Army
+December: Hitler calls for an additional 500,000 men to occupy the Soviet Union
+December: Battle of Barents Sea beween German and British Navy
+===== 1943 ======
+January 1943: Rommel surrenders his army and is taken captive
+January: Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill hold a war conference at Havanna
+January: Montgomery leads his Army to victory at Tripoli
+February: Free French forces, armed with American equipment and supported by the US Army and Royal Navy launch Operation Guillotine, the invasion of Algeria. Vichy French forces at first resisted, later joined the allied cause
+March: The war in the Middle East and North Africa ends
+April: Germans launch a major assault on the Soviet Union
+April: The Germans attack Zhukov's forces at Stalingrad
+April: Germany assaults the de facto Soviet capital of Kuibyshev; the Soviet leadership abandons the city and flees to Omsk in Siberia
+April: The 85,000 Allied troops launch an invasion of the Iberian Peninsula at Alemia beach
+April: Germans forced to divert troops intended for the Soviet offensive to Iberia
+May: Soviet-Japanese Treaty ends hostilities between the Empire of Japan and Soviet Union, the USSR surrenders the Far East and Sakhalin Island
+May: Gibraltar liberated by US Army
-September: Battle of Stalingrad begins, Molotov and Beria appeals to the western allies to open a new front in Europe.
+May-June: Major Allied Air raids on Spain from Morocco and Algeria
-September: German and Bursa Turkish troops invade the Levant and Mesopotamia.
+June: The Canadian Army liberates Lisbon
-October: The United States and Canada begin Operation Torch, the invasion of the Axis dominated Iberian Peninsula, British forces are diverted to Lebanon to bolster defenses
+July: US Army captures Madrid
-October: Italians and Germans occupy Vichy France
+July: Portugal completely liberated by the Allies, Portuguese Provisional Government sides with the allies giving whatever assistance it can.
-November: Canadian Army scores first major victory in Iberia, capturing the Portuguese capital of Lisbon