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This article is about the rulers of important countries in the Decades of Darkness timeline. For the elected heads of state/government of the *USA, New England and Germany, see Elections (Decades of Darkness).

• Edward VII (1837-81)
• Richard IV (1881-1932)
• Edward VIII (1932)

End of the monarchy

• James I (1845-190?)
• George I (190?-08)
• James II (1908-?)

• Charles I (1862-?)
• ?
• Brigid I (1934-present)

• George I (1882-19?)
• ?
• Alexander I (1942-present)

• Jonathan I (1901-?)

• Edward I of Ceylon? (1920-48?)
• Jeremy I (1948-present)

• Ferdinand I (1835-50)
• Franz Josef I (1850-97; abdicated)
• Frederick IV (1897-1929)
• Franz Josef II (1929-43; assassinated)
• ? (1943-present?)

• Friedrich Wilhelm IV (1840-?)
• Wilhelm I (18?-?)
• Friedrich III (18?-?)
• ?

• Willem III (1849-?)
• Willem IV (18?-19?)
• Willem V (19?-32)
• Willem VI (1932-present?)

• Nicholas I (1825-78)
• Peter IV (1878-1906)
• Alexander II (1906-)

• Charles X (18-34)
• Louis Philippe (1834-49)
• Second Republic (1849-53)
• Napoleon III (1853/54-76)
• Napoleon IV (1876-85)
• Third Republic (1885-1909)
• Fourth Republic (1909-32)

France dissolved by Germany

• Victor Emmanuel II (1859/64-?)
• Victor Emmanuel III (1?)

• Frederick Augustus I (1815-36)
• Frederick Augustus II (1836-49)
• Civil War (1849-51)
• Johan I (1851-59)

Switzerland falls apart, is replaced by several smaller nations

• ?

• ?
• Isabella II (18?-63)
• Civil War (1863-72)
• Felipe VI (1872-85)
• ? (1885-)

• Pedro IV (1826-37)
• Miguel I (1837-?)
• ?

• Carlos I (1872-83)
• Part of France / Spain
• Carlos I (1885-?)

• Agustin de Iturbide (1822-34)
• Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (1835-52)
• Benito Juarez (1853-?)
• Ignacio Salanueva (18?-?)
• ? Salas (18?-?)
• Porfirio Diaz (18?-82)

• Pedro II (18-84)
• Maria (1884-1906/11)
• Brazilian Civil War (1906-10)
• Republic