Miscellaneous <1900 (Alternate) History Thread

a) what's to say they will be Protestant - Fitzroy/the Howards were all Catholic iirc...
b) who's Fitzroy's daughter going to marry in the first place? she's also a royal quasi-bastard - and we know how well that worked out for her half-aunt...
I'm not so sure that Fitzroy's daughter would be raised by the Howards, but in the case that she is, yes, she would likely be Catholic and so any discussion of her or her progeny inheriting the throne is moot. As for whether she would marry, of course she would. Her father may have been a bastard but she is legitimate, heiress to her father's estates, and a scion of one of England's most important families (the Howards). I can see her marrying at least an earl.
 
Do you think it's possible that a butterfly of a pre-1800 POD could be a different name for Slovakia in English? idk it seems like understanding of their nationhood by the west and the coining of "Slovakia" was kinda recent, what are some alternate names for the country? Is Slovenskia silly? Slovenia? How inevitable is "Slovakia"?
Apologies for the more belated post, but you might find more answers in this post. It has a collection of links to my other posts on the alternate name possibilities of Slovakia. Some other posts that might provide more insights are here and here.

Below are some similarities between Slovak and Slovene.

The one term we do know local Slavs from today's western Slovakia and Moravia used for themselves was Sloven, or in a spelling variation, Slovien. These two are all we know. Did they call themselves Great Moravians ? Unlikely. Moravians when referring to their realm ? Maaaybe. Did those that lived in the former Nitra principality in western Slovakia refer to themselves as Nitrans ? Not very likely, outside of maybe the town of Nitra and Nitra river region itself, but some might have understood they were being ruled from Nitra, and probably at least knew they are the subjects of this or that prince that was ruling at the moment. (Great Moravia only had one dynasty, really, the "Mojmír dynasty", as historians have nicknamed it, given that the "Pribina dynasty" was outcast from the Nitra half and went into exile down to Lake Balaton.)

Fun fact: Slovak and Slovenian, though now in the western and southern branches of Slavic languages, share some ancestry. Back in the Nitra and later Great Moravia days, some of Slavic tribes inhabiting today's western Hungary were broadly related to the Nitra principality's more consolidated tribes to the north, and the Slavic tribes to the southwest, in the area of today's northeastern Slovenia and southeastern Austria. The language obviously wasn't entirely the same, due to geography alone, but the dialects that stretched in this area formed a certain continuum of early Slavic dialects. As a result, even modern Slovenian is still distinctly unlike Serbo-Croatian and other south Slavic languages, and does have some holdovers and phonetics that make it sound closer to Slovak (or even some Moravian folk dialects), while still being a distinctly different language that's not easily mutually intelligible.

The only idea we have about the demonym of the Slavs from the Nitra principality and Great Moravia (after Nitra got absorbed into GM) is that they were called either Sloveni or Slovieni. Nothing else is known. But given the peculiar linguistic history connections between Slovaks and Slovenes - albeit these are connections more than a millennium old, long before either of the nations really formed - it's not all that surprising. It was probably a common word some of the western Slavs used to describe themselves as a people. (The term itself might be ethnocentric, related to slovo, "word", in the sense of "those whose words (language) we can understand". Part of why Teutons and later Germans were dubbed Nemci/Niemtsi, etc. by some Slavic nations - "mute ones" - referring to the fact that the Germanic languages weren't readily intelligible to Slavic language speakers, unless they bothered to learn them of course.)

How do you say a Slovak woman in Slovak ? Slovenka. How do you say a Slovenian woman in Slovenian ? Slovenka. What about the fellas ? Slovák and Slovenec. Hm ! How would they call something Slovak or Slovenian in their mother tongues ? Slovenský and slovensky. Oops ! Again !

What would a Slovak call a Slovak, the language, the country ? "Slovák, Slovenka, Slováci/Slovenky, slovenčina, Slovensko."

Okay. What would a Slovak call a Slovene, Slovenes, their language and the country of Slovenia ? "Slovinec, Slovinka, Slovinci, slovinčina, Slovinsko." Clear distinction there, even if still close.

What do the Slovenes of today call themselves ? "Slovenec, Slovenka, Slovenci, we speak slovenščina, the country's Slovenija."

Note the single-letter difference between slovenčina and slovenščina. And all the other close similarities. This isn't a complete coincidence. Some of the Slovak and Slovene ancestors from a thousand years ago used languages from the same continuum, at least as it was then. Before 1000 AD, the linguistic differentiation of Slavic-speaking peoples into western, southern and eastern branches was still ongoing, and the edges between the three major branches were often still fuzzy and had not undergone further drifting from each other and deeper differentiation.

I'd say it's a similar parallel to how you could take archaic proto-German spoken by the Saxons of continental Europe, compare it with the early medieval Saxon language spoken by the Saxons that migrated to the Low Countries and then the British Isles, and you'd still find some similarities. After all, even modern English still preserves terms like hound (comparable to German Hund, a dog in general), father (Vater, or Dutch Vader), etc., etc. There is semantic shift, of course. This has occured between Slovak and Slovenian as well, given how long ago they diverged from the same early Slavic "dialect pool", but you can still find similarities, some even pretty striking.

And what would the Slovenes say about Slovakia, after rubbing their chins thoughtfully ?
"Ah, the country of Slovaška ! Hello, Slovaki friends !"
"Um, really ? Sounds a bit different..."
"Yeah ! You speak slovaščina !"
"Hm... We are Slováci. And you speak slovinčina."
"The hell is slovinčina ?! We speak slovenščina."
"Are you sure, Slovinci buddies ? Slovenščina ? Sounds like our slovenčina."
"Argh... Let's just agree that both our demonyms come from a generic term for "Slav". "
"All right. And the ladies are still Slovenky ! Yay !"
"Yeah, but without the "y"."
"Oh ! Sorry."

Patrick of the Name Explain channel did a video on the similar etymologies of Slovakia and Slovenia.
 
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What if the Arab empires hung the Arab world and other lands together similar to China throughout its history? AKA subsequent Arab dynasties managing to still control the Maghreb and the Mashriq under a single entity similar to China controlling its historical heartland?
 
Say Russia doesn't get involved and Austria botches it's wars with Hungary and Italian revolutionaries. What would happen to Galicia ?
 
How to make Europe as communitarian as East Asia?

In Europe the individual is more important than the collective. While in East Asia, the needs of the community are put before the needs of the individual. There's a Japanese proverb of something along the lines of "if a nail sticks out it gets hammered down" which highlights the emphasis that is put on conformity in Japan and East Asia in general. Being relatively isolated as Japan was certainly helped form a great sense of community but China and Korea weren't that isolated and were greatly influenced by outsiders yet they still developed a similar culture of conformity as Japan did though slightly less extreme. Certainly there's ups and downs to both but I'm asking what changes in European history/culture would be needed to make it more like East Asia in this regard. Was it always like that or when did things change? Did it start with the Enlightenment or was there an earlier starting point?
 
It's pretty funny that had Napoleon just kept the Bourbons on the throne of Spain, that he would have prevented the guerrilla quagmire of the Peninsular Wars and many other headaches that would come to characterize his second half of his reign, although chances are he would have rammed himself into another brick wall if he still had the juice.
 

Grey Wolf

Donor
Say Russia doesn't get involved and Austria botches it's wars with Hungary and Italian revolutionaries. What would happen to Galicia ?
Galicia-Lodomeria is a kingdom of the Habsburg crown, so it is uncertain if its fate would be dependant just on itself, or if it would be tied up with that of Bohemia as well, another kingdom.
 
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