A History of the Spanish Bourbons
The history of the Spanish Bourbons begins with the end of the Spanish Hapsburgs and the War of the Spanish Succession from 1701 to 1713. The era of the Spanish Hapsburgs saw the rise of Spain as a great empire and world power, and this continued with the first century of Spain under the rule of the Spanish Bourbons. Phillip V, who was originally a French royal born Prince Philip of Anjou and was a grandson of the Sun King Louis XIV, became the first Bourbon monarch of Spain, and he reigned from 1700 to 1746 [1]. His eldest son Louis, Prince of Asturias, died at the age of seventeen in 1724, and thus his third-born son Prince Ferdinand became Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias. After his death, King Phillip V was succeeded by numerous successful Spanish Bourbon monarchs such as his oldest-surviving son Ferdinand VI (1713-1759), who reigned from 1746 to 1759, his fourth-born son Charles III (1716-1788), who reigned from 1759 to 1788, and Charles IV (1748-1819), who was the eldest son of Charles III and reigned from 1788 to 1819. The era of Spain as a great power came to a gradual end after the end of the Napoleonic Wars, with the Spanish Empire becoming massively in debt to a number of other European powers. With the Congress of Vienna in 1826, the Cuban Revolution, the Franco-Allied Invasion of Spain, the revolutions in Mexico, Texas, Grand Colombia and Peru and the dividing up of the old Spanish Empire, the rest as they say, is history. The last Bourbon King of Spain was King Ferdinand VIII, who reigned from 1819 to 1827, when he committed suicide during the Spanish-Coalition War, after which Spain went into a personal union with the French Bonapartes and the French Empire.
Phillip V
Ferdinand VI
Charles III
Charles IV
All in all, Ferdinand VII is considered to be one of the worst and most hated monarchs in all of Spanish history, as his reign saw the end of Spain as a not only a global empire and world power but also as a sovereign kingdom. Throughout his life, there was a lot of pressure on Ferdinand to have a male heir. As Prince of Asturias, Prince Ferdinand married Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily, the daughter of King Ferdinand IV of Naples and III of Sicily and Queen Maria Carolina of Austria, on October 6, 1802 in Barcelona, Spain. However, the princess was not able to bear Ferdinand an heir, as two pregnancies in 1804 and 1805 ended in miscarriages, and she died of tuberculosis on 21 May 1806 at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez in Aranjuez, Spain. Over ten years later, on September 29, 1819, Prince Ferdinand was married for a second time to his niece Princess Maria Isabel of Braganza, the daughter of his older sister Carlota Joaquina of Spain and the disposed former King John VI of Portugal. It should also be noted that Prince Ferdinand was the maternal uncle of Princess Maria Isabel of Braganza.
Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias, 1800
Maria Isabel of Braganza
In November, 1816, almost two months after the marriage, Prince Ferdinand and Princess Maria conceived of a child. The child was born on August 21, 1817 as Infanta María Luisa Isabel, and thus Ferdinand had no male heir. Sadly though, the child died after less than five months on January 9, 1818. Three months later in April, 1818, Prince Ferdinand and Princess Maria conceived of a child for a second time. On December 26, 1818, the child was born as Infanta Isabella Luisa Fernanda, who soon became known simply by her first name of Isabella, and thus Ferdinand had no male heir once again [2].
Soon after this birth for the Bourbons, came a death for the Bourbons. On January 20, 1819, King Charles IV of Spain, famous for his allying of Spain with France during both the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, after which Spain emerged victorious over the British Empire, died at the age of 70 at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez in Aranjuez, Spain. He was succeeded as King of Spain by his eldest son Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias, who became King Ferdinand VII of Spain. As a result, Ferdinand’s newborn daughter became Princess of Asturias. Much to the disappointment of much of the Spanish nobility, especially to traditionalists, were disappointed by the birth of a daughter, as most feared that a female monarch would not be able to be a strong leader for the Spanish nation and to fix the many problems facing the Kingdom of Spain, including a large debt and overstretched and decaying empire. Nevertheless, a female heir was what the Spanish monarchy and people had for now.
Throughout the early years of her life, Isabella was raised in a loving family and royal household. Sadly, this state of affairs was not meant to last. On April 13th, 1827, the Spanish-Allied War began over the outrage over the Spanish response to the Cuban Revolution and the numerous unpaid Spanish debts to other European powers. As a result, French troops invaded Spain through Andorra, and armies from all over French-allied Europe would soon follow. With Spain then being invaded form multiple directions, with their Latin American colonies in revolt and with the Dutch invasion of the Spanish Philippines, it was clear to Ferdinand VII that things were quickly spiraling out of control of the Kingdom of Spain. On the night of June 8, 1827, in his private quarters in the El Escorial Palace in Madrid, King Ferdinand VII committed suicide with a shot to the face with a flintlock pistol that always sat in the top drawer of his dresser. With that, Ferdinand VII would be the last king of an independent Spanish kingdom and nation.
In the early morning hours of June 9, 1827, just hours after the suicide of King Ferdinand VII, Queen Maria, Princess Isabella, Infante Carlos, Count of Molina, Infante Francisco de Paula, Duke of Cádiz and the other members of the Spanish House of Bourbon fled hastily from Madrid with a caravan of carriages and carts carrying as many possessions of the royal family as they could possibly take with them. The Royal Caravan then fled to the city of Cadiz in the region of Andalusia in southern Spain, after which the royal family with their possessions boarded a fleet of large royal ships bound for their nearest nation that would take them in as exiles. After boarding these ships, the royal family then fled with this fleet of ships to the Republic of Scotland. After a few weeks docked in Edinburgh, Scotland, the so-called Bourbon Fleet then was forced to flee from Scotland to the Republic of Georgia, as Georgia was the only major western nation which would allow the exile of the Spanish Bourbons in their nation. Every nation in Europe was seemingly against the Spanish Bourbons, including Scotland, with Scottish President Thomas Bruce [3], the former 7th Earl of Elgin and a descendant of the Scottish King Robert the Bruce, not wanting to harbor the exiled Bourbons for fear of serious backlash from Caesar Napoleon and the French Empire. Coincidentally, Georgia had seen a lot of immigration of Spain in recent years as a result of good relations with the French Empire, as well as the French-Allied invasion of Spain that resulted in Spanish refugees fleeing to many nations across the New World.
Infante Carlos, Count of Molina
Infante Francisco de Paula, Duke of Cádiz
Thomas Bruce
The Bourbon Family, with Infante Carlos as the new patriarch and regent, settled into a life of comfort in a series of large mansions and town houses both in and outside of St. Augustine, the first city founded by a European nation in the American republics, founded by the Spanish Empire all the way back in 1565, with this historical significance being the main reasons that the Bourbon Family settled in the city. The Bourbon Family gradually assimilated to the culture of the Republic of Georgia, with the Bourbons quickly improving upon their English language skills (in the Spanish Court they were taught French, English, Italian and German), speaking English in public and even gaining a Georgian accent to their English. The Bourbons also gave monetary support to Spanish immigrant communities in the Republic of Georgia, many of which were located in the hitherto-sparsely populated and formerly Spanish-region of Florida. The Bourbons soon also gave monetary support to other immigrants coming into Florida, something with the Georgian government also supported in an effort to increase the white population of the area. Before long, these new immigrants, as well as White settlers from other parts of Georgia, came into conflict with the Seminole Indians of Florida. Thus, the Second Seminole War between the government of Georgia and the Seminole tribes began in 1833, the First Seminole War lasting from 1815 to 1818, shortly after the Georgian purchase of Florida. During this war Infante Carlos, Count of Molina and Infante Francisco de Paula, Duke of Cádiz volunteered for service in the Georgian military and raised militia units, consisting mostly of pioneers and immigrants, to fight against the Seminole Indians. These militia units were massively successful and greatly helped the war effort of the regular Georgian Army. The war ended in a victory for Georgia in 1838, with most of the Seminoles relocated to reservations.
An illustration of Georgian settlers and immigrants being massacred by Seminole Warriors
On January 30, 1836, in a Roman Catholic ceremony in the Cathedral Basilica of St. Augustine, the seventeen year-old Princess Isabella married her eighteen year-old cousin Franciso de Asis, Duke of Cádiz (born November 13, 1817) [4], the eldest son of Infante Francisco de Paula, Duke of Cádiz and Princess Luisa Carlotta of Naples and Sicily (born October 24, 1800) [5], daughter of Francis Gennaro Giuseppe, son of the deposed King Ferdinand IV of Naples and III of Sicily and María Isabella of Spain, daughter of the late Charles IV of Spain. It should also be noted that the Neapolitan and Sicilian Bourbons settled down in Georgia along with the Spanish Bourbons, where they gave monetary support to southern Italian, Sicilian and other Italian immigrant communities in Georgia. Soon after the marriage, the couple gave birth prematurely to their first and only child, Prince Alfonso Bourbon, in St. Augustine on October 1, 1836.
Princess Isabella, photographed in 1850
Francisco de Asis, Duke of Cádiz
Soon after the Louisiana Purchase of 1836, the Bourbons moved to the newly Georgian city of New Orleans, a city which has under the control of the Spanish Empire from 1763 to 1802, and as a result had a large Spanish influence in addition to its larger French influence. However, soon after this move, tragedy would strike the Bourbons. On September 20, 1837, Maria Isabel, Queen Mother and Matriarch of the Spanish Bourbons, died in the Bourbon Family Mansion in New Orleans at the age of 40. As a result, the young Princess Isabella, known to Bourbonists, the supporters of a Bourbon restoration to the Spanish throne, as Queen Isabella II, became matriarch of the Bourbon dynasty and family, and her son Prince Alfonso would grow up and spend his formative years in New Orleans, a large, bustling and multicultural port city that was a major hub of trade in the Gulf of Mexico and North America as a whole.
Throughout their time in New Orleans, the Bourbons would continue their philanthropic activities, not only monetarily assisting immigrants but also funding schools, hospitals, local businesses and trading posts throughout New Orleans. The Bourbons also funded the foundation of many new cities in the Georgian region of Florida, such as the city of Tampa, which was founded in 1849 and would grow to become one of the largest cities in the region of Florida, as well as in the wild and untamed region of Mississippi that was gained through the Louisiana Purchase. On a less positive note, the Bourbons also funded military expeditions by both the Georgian Army and Private Mercenaries against the numerous native tribes of the region, with the tribesman often being slaughtered, sent to poorly maintained reservations or being forced to flee into neighboring Texas, much to the annoyance of the Texan government.
It should be noted that similarly to many other European immigrants that came to Georgia, the Spanish Bourbons began to harbor racist views against African-Americans, an attitude that many immigrants, be they Germans, Frenchmen, Italians, Scotsmen, Welshmen, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Spaniards, Swiss, Portuguese, Jews, Scandinavians, Greeks or Slavs, among others, unfortunately adopted in an effort to “fit-in” with the mostly White Anglo-Saxon Protestant/White Anglo-Southron Protestant society of Georgia. This was also the case when it came to immigrants in Virginia, Maryland and Carolina. It should also be noted that the Bourbon Family began to make a fortune on the Transatlantic Slave Trade during the late 1820s and 1830s. All of this came to an end on May 1, 1839 when Caesar Napoleon II and delegates from all major nations in the western world signed the Proclamation of Trianon, signed at the Grand Trianon palace near the Palace of Versailles, which officially banned the international slave trade amongst all its signatories. After the Proclamation of Trianon, the Spanish Bourbons had seen their personal finances in the slave trade completely drain, as their large personal fleet of slavers stationed out of New Orleans had kept the South supplied for years until the trade was banned.
In the mid-1850s, tragedy would once again strike the Bourbon family. In the summer of 1856, Francis, Duke of Cádiz was on an important business trip in the Republic of Jamaica for the Tampa-based shipping company Hardee and Sons, founded by Seminole Wars veteran William J. Hardee and largely funded by the Duke of Cadiz’s money. While on this trip, Francis contracted malaria, and he spent a number of weeks convalescing in his hotel room in Kingston. However, it was all for naught, as on August 14, 1856, Francis, Duke of Cádiz died of the disease at the age of 38. His body was sent back to St. Augustine and, after his funeral, was buried in a privately owned cemetery. The death of her dearly beloved husband left Princess Isabella absolutely devastated, and her never really emotionally recovered. For the last year of her life, she wore all black and seldom appeared at public events. On December 2, 1857, Princess Isabella, Matriarch of the Spanish Bourbons, died of tuberculosis in the Bourbon Family Mansion in New Orleans at the age of 38. As a result, the 21 year-old Prince Alfonso Bourbon, known to Bourbonists as King Alfonso XII, became the new patriarch of the Bourbon Family.
Prince Alfonso Bourbon, photographed in New Orleans in 1858
With the outbreak of the Great American War, Prince Alfonso wrote a letter to Georgian Prime Minister George Bonaparte Towns and volunteered to raise a brigade of infantrymen for the Georgian Army. Within days, Prime Minister Towns responded via a letter and enthusiastically supported the idea. Thus, Alfonso began to raise the Bourbon Brigade out of Georgian army offices and recruiting stations in New Orleans. This unit was founded and led by the Bourbon Family and the former aristocracy of Bourbon Spain, with Alfonso as leader of the Brigade. It has even been claimed by some historians that in return for his services and money, the Georgian government promised to back a campaign by the Bourbons to seize Mexico and create a “Kingdom of Spain-in-Exile.” Throughout the long winter of 1858-1859, Alfonso began recruiting “every brigand and reprobate he could find in the gutters and overflowing prisons of New Orleans”, in the words of one local newspaper. Some called his forces the “Pirate Army”, because many of the troops in the brigade were former pirates and sea rovers active in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean.
Throughout the Great American War, the Bourbon Brigade took place in a number of major battles and campaigns against the army of the Republican Union. In spite of this impressive war record, while he was leader of the Bourbon Brigade, Alfonso became one of the worst war criminals of the Great American War, second only to the infamous Heinrich Wirz. For example, the brigade was called to arms in May, 1859 to crush a slave revolt along the Mississippi, with the brigade at 15,000 men strong. The brigade crushed the revolt was alarming and brutal efficiency, rounding up and executing the leadership of the rebellion and whipping the supporters senseless while marching them back to New Orleans and throwing them in “Hotel Bourbon” the oldest and largest prison in the city, formerly known as “St. Laurens Penitentiary” before Alfonso was put in charge of the prison by the Georgian government. During Alfonso’s time in charge of Hotel Bourbon, numerous war crimes and human rights abuses occurred against both Union POWs and rebellious slaves at the hands of the would-be monarch. Even after the fall of New Orleans, Alfonso would still be in charge of Georgian efforts to handle prisoners of war and escaped slaves.
New Orleans, photographed in 1855
With the Republican Union’s advance on the armies of the Republic of Georgia during the Battle of New Orleans, Prince Alfonso Bourbon eventually became Chief of Staff of the Georgian armies. In spite of all his efforts, he could not turn the tides of the war in the favor of Georgia. While he hoped for Georgia to at least remain independent with its pre-1836 borders after making peace with the Union, even that would not be possible. Towards the end of the war in 1860, Prime Minister Towns was barely holding the country together while Prince Alfonso struggled to restrain the revolting slave population while still fending off incursions from General McClellan.
After the Great American War, with the defeat and annexation of Georgia at the hands of the Republican Union of President Abraham Lincoln, the Bourbon Family had to flee from their homeland once again. In January, 1861, Prince Alfonso and the Bourbon family, along with Prime Minister Towns, fled the Georgian capital of Atlanta in a large horse-drawn carriage. After reaching Tampa, the Bourbons and Prime Minister Towns boarded a privately owned sloop and then managed to dodge Union patrols in the Gulf of Mexico. The Bourbon Family and Towns then fled to the Mexican Republic, one of the largest Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America. To be more specific, they fled to the city of San Pedro Sula in the Mexican state of Honduras. Prince Alfonso and the Bourbon Family spent the next few years living throughout the Central American states of Mexico, all the while Prince Alfonso was secretly attempting to ignite a monarchist revolution against the Mexican government, and he did so by meeting with and funding numerous conservative groups in Mexico, promising to support them and their interests if he ever came to power. Meanwhile, Towns bought a large mansion on the outskirts of Managua, Nicaragua, Mexico, where he died on July 15, 1863 at the age of 62.
Flag of the Mexican Republic
The Mexican Republic had long been close economic allies with the Southron Republics, and with their collapse the Republic itself was experiencing large-scale economic and social turmoil. Thus, on January 24, 1865, the Mexican Civil War broke out between Republicans, led by Jesús González Ortega, Beutelists led by Juan Cortina, and monarchists led by Prince Alfonso Bourbon. The Bank of Georgia, run by Southron exiles and secretly based in the city of San Luis Potosí, was now storing the funds of the entire Bourbon dynasty, and these funds were used to fund the Monarchist war effort. As a result of these funds and Southron gold, as well as exiled Southron commanders and volunteers, the monarchists of Prince Alfonso quickly gained the upper hand in the Mexican Civil War. On April 28, 1866, after a months-long siege, Prince Alfonso and his armies captured Mexico City and then declared the Kingdom of Mexico, with Prince Alfonso declaring himself as Alfonso I, King of the Mexicans. Thus, the Mexican Civil War, brief yet bloody, was over, and both Jesús González Ortega and Juan Cortina were executed for treason soon afterwards. An initial impulse by Alfonso to declare himself “King of True Spain” was rightfully advised against by both his family and advisers, as it would have likely caused the Franco-Spanish Empire to launch an invasion of Mexico by land through the Kingdom of California and by sea from Franco-Spanish Saint-Domingue/Santo Domingo and Puerto Rico. The new Kingdom of Mexico was largely funded by the Bank of Georgia, which then became the Bank of Mexico, and many of the richest former slavers of the Southern Planter Elite fled to Mexico after Alfonso proclaimed the Kingdom of Mexico, thus making the kingdom an even richer country. In spite of this, the only the rich, upper classes of Mexico, including the Bourbon dynasty, the new nobility, the landowners and the exiled Southron Elite, were doing well, while the poor, consisting of mostly mestizo and indigenous Mexicans, suffered greatly. Sadly, the issues that plagued the Mexican nation before the Mexican-American War were never resolved.
Jesús González Ortega
Juan Cortina, the Mexican Beutel
Nevertheless, King Alfonso I was not happy enough simply being King of Mexico, as his ego simply couldn’t come to terms with such a title. Thus, on June 19, 1867, King Alfonso I crowned himself as Emperor Alfonso I of Mexico, Emperor of the Mexicans in a large-scale and elaborate ceremony in Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral. Towards the end of the ceremony, Alfonso even took the crown from Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos, Archbishop of Mexico City, and placed the crown on his head in imitation of Caesar Napoleon I at his coronation in 1804. With that, the Second Mexican Empire was established with support from the old Southron political and planter elite. In the subsequent years, propaganda from the Mexican government portrayed the Second Mexican Empire as a more legitimate state than the first Mexican Empire of the Mad Emperor Agustín de Iturbide, as the Bourbons were the dynasty that ruled Spain when Mexico rebelled against Spanish rule. However, much of the Mexican population resented the new royal elite of the nation and was not convinced by such propaganda.
Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos
Flag of the Kingdom of Mexico and the Second Mexican Empire
The Second Mexican Empire and the Bourbon rule in Mexico ended as a result of the Mexican-American War and the Immolation of Mexico in 1886. On July 2, 1886, after the American conquest of Central America and much of western medico, the Spanish, Georgian and Mexican Bourbon dynasty and family boarded a Mexican navy ship, the MRM Jalisco [6], in Acapulco, Guerrero and set sail for an unknown destination. They escaped at the right time, as Mexico would be completely conquered by the Republican Union after just a few months. Although it wouldn’t come out until several years after the fact, the Bourbons, abroad the Mexican nay ship MRM Jalisco, headed for the Kingdom of Hawaii. Within a few weeks, the MRM Jalisco docked in Honolulu, with the Bourbon Family and Dynasty being secretly given safe harbor by the Hawaiian King Kalākaua. Soon afterwards, the Bourbons settled in a large apartment building in the European Quarter of Honolulu, a part of the city settled and developed by European and American merchants, traders, industrialists and landowners.
Kalākaua, also known as David Kalākaua
While the Bourbons were exiled in Honolulu, they gradually became well acquainted with the European and American residents and business class of Hawaii, as well as the Hawaiian Royal Family, albeit under a low profile, and they did not want news of their whereabouts to be known by the wider world. Still, over a few years, Prince Alfonso gradually became a recluse and suffered from sporadic yet severe bouts of depression. There were instances where he would not leave his apartment for weeks at a time. On the night of October 15, 1890, Prince Alfonso Bourbon, alias Alfonso XII of Spain and Alfonso I of Mexico, committed suicide in his nightclothes with a gunshot to the head in much the same the as the grandfather he never met did so. He was only fifty-four years of age. He never married and never had any children, but throughout his life he had a number of romantic relationships and even some alleged illegitimate children in both Georgia and Mexico. A private funeral was held amongst the members of the Bourbon Family, after which Alfonso was buried in a modest grave in the Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Peace of Honolulu.
After the suicide of Alfonso, his cousin Carlos Maria Bourbon became the new patriarch of the Bourbon Family and Dynasty, with his known to Bourbonist followers calling him Charles V or Carlos V of Spain. In spite of this, he himself never ventured to claim the throne of Spain. He never even called himself a Prince and he even stated privately; “I was born in Georgia, and was forced to flee as a child, where I grew up in Mexico, after which I became a refugee again. I have never been to Spain, and while my ancestral homeland holds a deep place in my heart, and while I wish I could visit Spain someday, the crown of Spain can belong to the Bonaparte’s for all I care.”
After getting bored of life in Hawaii, the Bourbon family under Carlos Maria Bourbon decided to leave for another land. Carlos Maria Bourbon then decided that the Bourbons would try and seek refuge in the Republic of Peru. The Bourbons then boarded the MRM Jalisco and set course for the city of Santiago in the region of Chile in Peru. Not long after the MRM Jalisco docked unannounced in the ports of Santiago, Manuel Baquedano, President of Peru, offered the Bourbons exile in the Republic of Peru. However, in an effort to not end up provoking the anger of both the Empire of Europa and the Republican Union of America, he had the Bourbon Family come into Peru under a low profile and forbade them from living in any major city in the nation. Thus, the Bourbons settled in a small mansion on the outskirts of the city of Arica in the Antofagasta region of Peru, where they would not be harassed by both politicians and diplomats alike.
After the Bourbon family settled down in Arica, its members kept a low profile in an effort to prevent provoking the wrath of agents from Europa and the Republican Union. Some Bourbons, including Carlos Maria Bourbo, even lived reclusive lives away from the public. With the dawn of the Twentieth Century, the future of the Spanish Bourbons became all the more uncertain. Carlos Maria Bourbon died of natural causes on July 22, 1915 at the age of 67, and his eldest son Carlos Jamie Enrique Bourbon, born in 1882 and known to Bourbonists as Charles VI or Carlos VI, became the new patriarch of the family, and he continued to patriarch all the way into the 1930s. In fact, even in the 1930s, the fate of the Spanish Bourbons was still largely unknown to the general public of Europe and the Americas, and their fate became the subject of numerous articles, adventure novels and pulp magazines published throughout Europe.
Carlos Jamie Enrique Bourbon
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[1] IOTL, King Phillip V of Spain abdicated from the throne in January, 1724 under mysterious circumstances, and his son became King Louis I of Spain. However, Louis I died in August, 1724 after only seven months on the throne at the age of seventeen. ITTL, this Phillip V never abdicated in 1724, although his son as Prince of Asturias still died in August, 1724. This shows that this universe is a parallel universe and not a divergent universe, as has been stated by Napoleon53 himself.
[2] IOTL this daughter would be stillborn and said unsuccessful birth would lead to the Queen's death. However, ITTL the daughter is born and the Queen lives. Furthermore, King Ferdinand VII does not marry Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony in 1819 or Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies in 1829.
[3] Just like IOTL, Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin was also famous IITL for his rescue of the “Elgin Marbles”, originally a part of the Parthenon, from Ottoman Greece from 1801 to 1812. IITL, again just like IOTL, the Elgin Marbles were placed in the British Museum in London, and they remained there even after the fall of the United Kingdom.
[4] OTL's Princess Luisa Carlotta of Naples and Sicily was born on October 24, 1804.
[5] OTL's Francis, Duke of Cádiz was born on May 13, 1822.
[6] Marina Real Mexicana.