Would it be able to survive European contact as an independent kingdom, or at least have a mostly native population and a surviving monarchy like Tonga does?
Wasn't the reason for the fall of the Hawaian monarchy American fruit companies? I don't see what a hundred year head start does about that, and you can have plenty of PoDs that preserve the Hawaian monarchy way later.
I don't see why that would be so, considering the monarchy was toppled by a coup d'etat. Hawaiians still made up a plurality of the population at the time, with Chinese taking second place. So it's not really the fault of demographics that it fell apart, but the outsized influence of Americans in the government.Seems like having a much higher native population would be the way to go, so that Hawaii ends up as a banana republic rather than a foreign territory.