What If - Finland had been prepared for the Winter War?

There was also this from back in Sept 2013

Btw, if you're looking for a design that could be the 'Lahti grenade launcher', I found this little gem while surfing the web. An Italian design for a shoulder fired AT weapon, dating back 1943, just before the armistice:

http://i1279.photobucket.com/albums/y534/tackleberry6/ItalAT4_zpsd701ab2d.jpg

Might be a little hard to read, but I thought it might be of some use:)

Also, re the shoulder-fired mortar: see http://www.jaegerplatoon.net/ALMOST3.htm

47-mm low trajectory mortar M/Kahva

Low trajectory mortar designed by Major Kahva for Finnish Army in year 1942 was designed for shooting vision slots of enemy bunkers and machinegun nests with 47-mm mortar shells. This shoulder fired weapon equipped with a folding adjustable bipod and used normal Mosin-Nagant rifle receiver and bolt for firing 47-mm mortar shells originally introduced for 47-mm Tampella mortar prototypes in 1930's. Hence availability of the ammunition was not too great and while the weapon was equipped with bipod it was quite heavy and must have had considerable recoil. This weapon has simple iron sights on left side of the weapon with the rear sight loaned from M/28-30 or M/39 rifle. Sako Oy manufactured three prototypes, which were field tested, but the weapon was never approved and did not see later production.

laakaheitin_Kahva.jpg


PICTURE: Prototype of low trajectory mortar M/Kahva. (Photo taken in Sotamuseo).

Even if the design had not suffered the handicaps mentioned above, it had very little chance of success. Looking at the design it is fairly obvious that it was intended to fill the notch that was soon covered by recoilless rifles. Hence unfortunately the design would have become obsolete almost immediately anyway.

Anyhow, bring the date for this forward and it could serve as the starting point for the grenade launcher....
 
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Your AT-rifle obviously needs to be renamed to L-33 .

An other thing considering SLR and SMG - why not go for intermediate cartridge. Something like M1-carbine chambered to Sako 7x33 would have been a dream rifle in late 1930's standards.

bit off topic, sure, but some historical backround about the 7x33mm Sako calibre:

Envisioned as a hunting round, and thought to be especially good at hunting large birds (Lyrurus tetrix, Tetrao urogallus), common game in Finland at the time, the 7mm Sako also won dubious fame in crime.

A finnish criminal, Tauno Pasanen shot and killed four policemen with his 7x33 hunting rifle, 7 march 1969. The police were called on his farm because of domestic disturbance (Pasanen was known to drink and to have a temper). The policemen even had a m/31 Suomi SMG on them. It made no difference, the rifle prevailed in the end.

Police tactics can be questioned, of course, but I do not have specific details, engagement ranges or whatnot. Pasanen did not even have a scope on his rifle, however. The rifle has a 3 round magazine. All of the police were armed. Pasanen was found to be 1,2 pro mille (1/1000?) drunk.
Some of the 8 rounds fired were shot at close range, execution style.

So, an argument could be made that the 7x33mm Sako might have some merit in combat applications as well?

The con of course is then 2 different calibres - Moisin-Nagant + 7x33 round, but then, there was already the Moison-Nagant + the Suomi so nothing changes there

And Tony Williams has some good stuff here on assault rifles....
http://www.quarryhs.co.uk/Assault.htm

a reference for the 7x33 mm Finnish round in _Cartridges of the World_, tenth edition. According to this, the 7x33 uses the 9 mm Parabellum case made as long as it could be and still be accomodated by existing case-forming presses. Converting to English measurements, that is about a 78 grain bullet at between 2,360 and 2625 feet per second using about 41,000 psi chamber pressure. This seems to have been developed independently of the German 7x33 mm and three or four years later, but it is a useful existing cartridge.

I would also like to know what importance the original design group placed on "hitability". One of the observations they started with was that infantry in World War One seldom hit enemy soldiers at distances greater than 400 yards, whereas existing military rifle cartridges such as the 8x57 mm, 303 British, and 30-06 were lethal far past that distance. From this they reasoned that a lower powered cartridge would suffice for infantry rifles (although not for machine guns or snipers). However, one of the factors that allowed infantry to hit people at 300-400 yards as often as they did was the relatively flat trajectory and short time of flight made possible by these same "overpowered" cartridges, trajectory and time of flight being functions of muzzle velocity and ballistic coefficient. Full caliber assault rifle cartridges such as the 8x33 mm and 7.62x39 mm have lower muzzle velocity and shorter, lighter bullets with lower ballistic coefficients compared to standard rifle cartridges, so the effective range would be reduced. Contrawise, by going to a smaller bore, cartridge weight and recoil can be reduced while keeping trajectory about the same, as with the 7mm Pederson or the new 6.8mm Remington SPC.
 
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Mate enjoyable reading and I'm glad the dreaded wombat gun makes a far earlier appearance in your TL.

Do you have any idea when you will progress the narrative component of your TL?
 
Ilmavoimat Aircraft as of late 1938

Went back through all my "alternative Winter War Ilmavoimat" posts - when I left off looking at the Ilmavoimat, we had reached a point in late 1938 where the Ilmavoimat was in the process of being substantially expanded, with a number of aircraft having being bought and / or being built. This is the state of the Ilmavoimat in late 1938..... there's a couple more to come but in my alternative Winter War, this plus around 40 more fighter aircraft is what Finland enters the Winter War with...... and apologies for the spacing, I'll come back and tidy it up a bit tonight (my time)

Aircraft Year Ordered # In Service Year(s) Delivered Speed Range Guns/Bombload

Trainers as of late 1938 – 274 in service
De Havilland Moth**** 1928**********18******* 1929-30*** 105mph*** 3 hours
VL Sääski**************1929***********32****** 1930-31*** 90mph*****3.5 hours
Letov S-18 Smolik****1930 10 1931 96mph
Letov S-18 Smolik****1931 65 1932-34 96mph
VL Tuiska**************1933 40 1934-35 129mph 715 Mi 2x7.62mm
VL Tuiska**************1935 40 1935-36 129mph 715 Mi 2x7.62mm
VL Viima II *************1936 69 1936-38 121mph 311 Mi

Advanced Trainers as of late 1938 – 130 in service
D.26 Haukka II 1927-29 40 1927-29 155mph 365 Mi 2 x .303
Miles M9 Kestrel 1937 40 1938 295mph 393 Mi 6 x .303
Avro Anson 1937 10 1937 188mph 790 Mi -
Miles M9 Kestrel Glider Tug 1937 20 1938 295mph 393 Mi 6 x .303
VL Pyry 1938 40 1938-39

Fighter Trainers as of late 1938 – 35 in service
Martinsyde F4 Buzzard 1923 15 Retired in 1939
Bristol Bulldog 1932 20 1933 180mph 300 Mi 2 x .303

Transport aircraft as of late 1938 – 106 in service
Junkers W.34 1930 10 1930-31 165mph 560 Mi 5-6 psgrs
Junkers W.34 1934 6 1934 165mph 560 Mi 5-6 psgrs
Savoia-Marchetti S.73 1935 6 1935 210mph 610 Mi 18 psgrs
Caproni Ca123 1935 2 1936 211mph 932 Mi 28 psgrs
Douglas DC2 1935 2 1935 210mph 1085 Mi 14 psgrs
Junkers W.34 1936 5 1936 165mph 560 Mi 5-6 psgrs
Junkers W.34 1938 20 1939 165mph 560 Mi 5-6 psgrs
Heinkel He 59 1937 10 1937 146mph 466 Mi 6-8 psgrs

Aero Oy - Civilian Transport (Reserve) as of late 1938 – 26 in service
Junkers Ju.52 1932 5 1932 168mph 590 Mi 14 psgrs
Junkers Ju.52 1938 5 1938 168mph 590 Mi 14 psgrs
DH 89A Dragon Rapide 1937 2 1937 7 psgrs
Focke-Wulf Fw 200B (Condor) 1938 4 1939 26 psgrs
Douglas DC3 1937 10 1938 237mph 1,025 Mi 21 psgrs

Veljekset Karhumäki - Civilian Transport (Reserve) as of late 1938 – 21 in service
DH.89 Dragon Rapide 1936 6 1936 7 psgrs
Noorduyn Norseman 1937 1 1937 10 psgrs
Noorduyn Norseman 1938 4 1938 10 psgrs
Douglas DC3 1937 10 1938 237mph 1,025 Mi 21 psgrs

Forest Service - Civilian Transport (Reserve) as of late 1938 – 22 in service
Noorduyn Norseman 1938 25 1939 140mph 810 Mi 10 psgrs

Gliders as of late 1938 – 125 stockpiled
JWM-100 1937 100 1937-38 100mph n/a 2+10 pers
JWM-200 1938 25 1938-39 147mph n/a 2+21

Maritime Patrol as of late 1938 – 96 in service
A.22 Hansa 1922 80 1922-25 170kph 6 hours 4x10kg
VL E.30 Kotka 1930-31 6 1930-31 140mph
Consolidated PBY Catalina 1936 10 1937 196mph 3,750 Mi 4,000lbs

Torpedo Bombers as of late 1938 – 64 in service or ordered
Blackburn Ripon 1927 40 1929-33 110mph 410 Mi 1 x Torp

Torpedo Bombers ordered but not delivered as of late 1938
Junkers Ju88 1938 24 1939 280mph 1,400 Mi 5,510lbs 8x20mm

Light Bombers / Reconnaissance as of late 1938 – 122 in service
Aero A.11 1927 8 1927 150mph 470 Mi 441lbs
Fokker CV 1927-31 14 1927-32 155mph 621 Mi 440lbs
Aero A.32 1929 16 1929 141mph 262 Mi 266lbs
Hawker Hart 1933 20 1934 184mph 470 Mi 520lbs
Fokker C.X 1934 24 1935 211mph 522 Mi 880 lbs
Fokker C.X 1935 20 1935-36 211mph 522 Mi 880 lbs
Fieseler Fi 156 1938 20 1938 n/a

Reconnaissance ordered but not delivered as of late 1938 – 140 ordered
VL Fieseler Fi 156 1938 100 1939-40 109mph 240 Mi 300lbs
Focke Wulf Fw 189 1938 40 1939 217mph 416 Mi n/a

Specialised Ground Attack as of late 1938 – 60 in service
VL Bristol Blenheim 1936 40 1937-38 266mph 1460 Mi 1,000lbs 4 x 20mm
Hawker Henley 1938 20 1938 300mph 950 Mi 2x500lbs 2x40mm 2x7.7

Specialised Ground Attack aircraft ordered (but not delivered) as of late 1938 – 40
De Havilland Wihuri (Mosquito) 1938 40 (TBD in 1939) 360mph 2500 Mi 1,000lbs 4x20mm 4x7.7mm

Merivoimat Air Arm Dive Bombers as of late 1938 – 40 in service
Curtiss F8C-4 Helldiver 1931 20 1932 160mph 730 Mi 500lbs
Vought SB2U Vindicator 1937 20 1938 251mph 800 Mi 1000lbs

Bombers as of late 1938 – 75 in service
Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 1935 15 1936 211mph 1240 Mi 2000kg
Bristol Blenheim 1936 20 1937-38 266mph 1460 Mi 1,000lbs
De Havilland Wihuri (Mosquito) 1937/38 40 1938 360mph 2500 Mi 4,000lbs

Bombers ordered but not yet delivered as of late 1938 – 25 ordered
PZL 37-I 1937 25 1939 300mph 1300 Mi 5,000lbs

2nd Line Fighters as of late 1938 – 73 in service
Fairey Firefly II 1933 25 1934 223mph 240 Mi 2 x .303
Avia B-534 1934 24 1934 245mph 360 Mi 4 x 7.92
Avia B-534 1935 24 1935 245mph 360 Mi 4 x 7.92

Merivoimat Air Arm Fighters as of late 1938 – 40 in service
Brewster Buffalo 1937 20 1938 297mph 4x12.7mm
Brewster Buffalo 1938 20 1938 297mph 4x12.7mm

1st Line Fighters as of late 1938 – 115 in service
Fokker D.XXI 1936 20 1936 285mph 574 Mi 4 x 7.92
VL Fokker D.XXI 1936 40 1936-38 285mph 574 Mi 4 x 7.92
Curtiss Hawk 75 1937 40 1938 322mph 650 Mi 1 x 12.7 4 x 7.7
Fokker G.1 1937 15 1938 340mph 1300 Mi 1000lbs 4x12.7mm 4x20mm

1st Line Fighters ordered but not yet delivered as of late 1938 – 88 ordered
Fokker G.1 1938 12 1939 340mph 1300 Mi As above
VL Fokker G.1 1937 30 1939-40 340mph 1300 Mi As above
Miles M.24 1938 20 1939 333mph 920 Mi 8x7.7
VL Miles M.24 1938 26 1939 333mph 920 Mi 8x7.7

1939 Emergency Procurement Program (have not yet posted details on this)

Northrop A-17 attack bombers – 93 ordered late 1938 and delivered early 1939
Seversky XP41 Fighter – 40 ordered late 1938, a futher 20 ordered early 1939
Douglas DB-7 bombers – 25 ordered January 1939, 40 diverted from the French order to Finland in June 1940, arriving via Finnish merchant ship in Lyngenfjiord in July and entering service in August 1940 at the tail end of the Winter War
Fiat G.50 Freccia Fighter – 25 ordered February 1939, arriving June 1939
Fiat G.50 Freccia Fighter – a further 25 G.50’s were ordered in 23 Oct 1939, arriving thru the Winter War.
Fiat G.50 Freccia Fighter – a further 10 G.50’s ordered on 31 January 1940, shipped thru Germany to Sweden (the newspaper reporter who discovered this shipment was assassinated, the editor of the paper hospitalized with serious injuries and the print shop destroyed by fire....)
Breda BA.65 ground attack aircraft - 55 purchased in early 1939, entered service summer of 1939

And then there was the last of the Munich Crisis-driven aircraft projects - the Ilmavoimat’s secret “Third Generation” fighter procurement project....
 
Mate enjoyable reading and I'm glad the dreaded wombat gun makes a far earlier appearance in your TL.

Do you have any idea when you will progress the narrative component of your TL?

Working on it a bit right now but it's pretty slow. Going to try and put another post up next week. Probably jump back to aircraft because I have more of that written up.... and come back to the armour after that
 
I really hope this thread isn't dead. I've finally managed to finish reading all of it up to now despite it being the first TL I started reading on this site, maybe half a year ago, and having read through quite a few others before I finished this one. And as a Finn with an interest in history, the Winter War is of particular interest to me. Its a great TL, although the walls of text can be at times slightly daunting, but I'm yet to see another TL with as much detail.
 
I really hope this thread isn't dead. I've finally managed to finish reading all of it up to now despite it being the first TL I started reading on this site, maybe half a year ago, and having read through quite a few others before I finished this one. And as a Finn with an interest in history, the Winter War is of particular interest to me. Its a great TL, although the walls of text can be at times slightly daunting, but I'm yet to see another TL with as much detail.

Hey, I know what you mean about the walls of text. I look at it sometimes and go "Holy S$#!, did I write ALL that!" Anyhow, thx for perservering and I'm happy you enjoyed it so far.

It's definitely not dead. Working on a couple more series of posts at the moment. But don't have as much time as I used to (damn work!) and more family stuff so progress is waaaay slower. Getting my time organised so I can get consistent work in is the big challenge. Anyhow, more is coming - it'll jump around a bit tho as I'm focusing on stuff I have that's closer to being done so do not despair......

Miles M 24?

https://www.alternatehistory.com/discussion/showthread.php?t=185434&highlight=miles&page=14

Sorry, my bad. It was the Miles M.20 - from waaaay back....

Falling back on the British – the Miles M.20 Fighter

With work on the de Havilland Wihuri well underway in early 1938, the Ilmavoimat Procurement Team approached de Havilland for ideas. Geoffrey de Havilland in turn referred them to Frederick George Miles, the designer of the recently purchased Miles Kestrel Trainer. Miles was an outstanding aircraft designer and the aircraft he came up with were often technologically and aerodynamically advanced for their time. Peripherally aware of Miles’ growing reputation but largely influenced by de Havilland’s recommendation, the Ilmavoimat approached him in July 1938 and asked for ideas for a fighter aircraft that could be constructed in Finland cheaply and with regard to Finland’s resource and strategic limitations. Miles came up with an initial design within two weeks and the Ilmavoimat promptly commissioned a prototype. To reduce production times the aircraft was to be as close as possible to all-wood construction and would use as many parts as possible from the Fokker D.XXI construction program,. The engine was to be either the Finnish produced or Hispano-Suiza.

The first prototype flew 65 days after the commission was placed, in late October 1938. Almost all wood, it lacked hydraulics, and had streamlined fixed spatted landing gearand was powered by a Rolls Royce Merlin engine. The prototype also featured a bubble canopy for improved pilot visibility, one of the first fighters to do so and a feature that the Ilmavoimat would on to include in (and retrofit to) their fighter aircraft wherever possible. The prototype was armed with eight wing-mounted machineguns and was actually faster than the Hawker Hurricane (but slower than the Spitfire) – and could carry more ammunition than either. With a maxiumum speed of 333mph, a service ceiling of 32,800 feet and and a range of 920 miles, it was the fighter the Ilmavoimat had been looking for.

The Ilmavoimat conducted test flights through November and December 1938 and after the conclusion of these, ordered an initial batch of 20 from Miles Aircraft (these were built by Philips and Powis Aircraft at Woodley airfield in Reading and delivered in May 1939), purchased an unlimited license to manufactire the aircraft and with the assistance of engineers from Philips and Powis converted the Fokker D.XXI production line at VL (the State Aircraft Factory) over to construction of the new fighter aircraft over January-March 1939. Initial production was slow, the first 2 Finnish prototypes were only completed in May 1939, but thereafter some 4 aircraft a month were completed through to November 1939 (26 Miles M.20 fighters had been delivered by VL by the end of November 1939 – 46 were in service at the start of the Winter War). VL construction continued throughout the Winter War, with an average of 6 aircraft per month being completed from January 1940 on as production was stepped up.

In addition, in late August 1939, the secret addenda within the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact concerning Poland, Finland and the Baltic States became known to Finland through both Germany and the USA. Under the circumstances, money became no object and the emphasis was placed on the urgent acquisition of more arms, munitions and aircraft – and an urgent order for a further 60 Miles M.20 Fighters was placed with Philips and Powis Aircraft immediately. Construction was rapid as the order specified that the Finns would supply their own engines and armament, thus bypassing the bottleneck that existed in Britain, where any war-related maunfacturing was dedicated to meeting the surging demands of the UK military. A first shipment of 25 of the aircraft was received in late December 1939 via Lyngefjiord, these were transported to Tampere where engines and machineguns were fitted and they entered service in late March 1940, replacing losses and allowing (together with VL-manufactured aircraft) for a third squadron to be equipped with the Miles M.20 fighters. The remaining aircraft were not delivered as the UK cancelled the order and moved Philips and Powis Aircraft over to construction of Miles Magister target tugs and Miles Master trainers for the RAF. Finland protested that the aircraft were desperately needed, but to no avail.

In service with the Ilmavoimat, the Miles M.20 proved to be a fast, strong and highly manoueverable aircraft, highly effective in combat and cheap and fast to build, albeit without any armor for the pilots. Pilots loved the visibility afforded by the bubble canopy as well as the fire power, speed and maneouverability which made the fighter an excellent dogfighter, able to easily mix it with the agile and maneouverable Soviet fighters. Construction was straightforward and after war broke out, VL managed to step up production to 6 aircraft per month in January 1940. By May 1940, VL through superhuman efforts had raised output to some 10 per month, whereupon the limitation became the production of aircraft engines. The Finnish Government had earlier set up the State Aircraft Engine Factory, which in 1938 had begun producing the Rolls-Royce Merlin under license as well as the Bristol Mercury, also under license. By mid-1939, with the threat of war with the Soviet Union looming ever larger, engine production was stepped up with work running 24/7 around the clock and output doubling over the period July-October 1939. With Finnish construction of the de Havilland Wihuris (each of which required two Merlins) as well as the Miles M.20 Fighters, engine manufacturing became, if not quite a bottleneck, at least very tight as replacement engines were also needed for aircraft already in service.

milesm20.jpg

Prototype Miles M.20

OTL Note: During the Battle of Britain, the Royal Air Force was faced with a potential shortage of fighters. To meet the Luftwaffe threat, the Air Ministry commissioned Miles Aircraft to design the M.20. Designed and built as a simple and cheap alternative to the Spitfire and Hurricane, the first prototype flew 65 days after the design was commissioned (15 September 1940) and tested out in compliance with Specification F.19/40., the engine used was the Rolls Royce Merlin, identical to those used on the Avro Lancaster and some Bristol Beaufighter marks. Armed with the same eight .303 Browning machine guns as the RAF’s Hawker Hurricane, the M.20 prototype was actually faster than the Hurricane but slower than the Spitfire types then in production, while carrying more ammunition, and with a greater range than either. As the Luftwaffe was defeated over Britain, the need for the M.20 Fighter vanished and the design was abandoned without entering production. The first prototype was later scrapped at Woodley.

5391.jpg

Second Prototype of the Miles M.20
 
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Apologies to all for my lack of posts in 2015 - been rather busy with work and with my "creative writing" courses - that all important first novel is being worked on - aiming to have my first draft of "Rannikkojääkärit" completed for June, in time for a 3 day intensive writing workshop. Most of this year's spare time has been spent on working on my fiction writing skills, been of attending a number of weekend writing workshops. Quite the education.

Anyhow, 2016 should see me resuming rather less sporadic posting of additional "What If" alternative history posts.

In the meantime. Hyvää joulua ja onnellista uutta vuotta to everyone.

Wendelin_40.jpg
 
Hei

Its good to know that you continue this its extremely good and entertaining story. SO thanks for continuing. Merry Christmas.
 
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to you as well! Or should we say, in your case, hyvää joulua ja kirjallista uutta vuotta.:)
 
Mosquito and Miles M.24: The Timber Terror and the Wooden Wonder?:D

Perhaps the British adopt the latter as a Naval/Overseas fighter. The Aussies would probably appreciate a few squadrons to defend Darwin, not to mention the Indian Airforce etc in Malay and Burma, better than the Brewster Bufallo at any rate.

What would its name be?
The Warmaster?

I can see later marks having all the bells and whistles of a modern fighter including retractable undercarriage, which could give it more speed and marginally
more development potential.
 
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The Last Stand of Field Kitchen 193

That said, some of you probably remember that post I did on Arabella Jakobsen. Been working on that novel of and on - just worked through the last chapter in the Creative Writing Workshop I'm going to so here's a revised and updated version of that. Just about final, I think.....
**********************************************
Chapter X: Postscript

Siniristilippumme, (Our blue-crossed flag,)
sulle käsin vannomme, sydämin: (for you we swear the oath: )
sinun puolestas elää ja kuolla (To live and die for you)
on halumme korkehin. (is our greatest wish.)​
Lippulaulu (Flag Song), V A Koskenniemi & G Kilpisenkatu​

9 April, 1941 - Viipuri

“Your Mother won’t let you sign up.” Siiri looked at Kaarina oddly. “Mine didn’t.”

“What do you mean?” Kaarina Hannula asked. Your parents couldn’t stop you, not legally. Once you’d turned eighteen, it was your choice if you volunteered for Active Service with the Lotta’s. Her mother hadn’t said anything when she’d volunteered to serve in an Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battery through the War. She hadn’t asked her mother for permission for that either.

Stationed in Viipuri through the War, when the fighting came within artillery range of the city she’d stayed with her gun crew, even when the Lotta units had been told they could withdraw. Her Battery hadn’t. They’d all stayed. Some of her friends had died in the Russian bombing and shelling. She’d seen enough sights, enough bodies, enough blood and death to know what she was volunteering for. Siiri now, Siiri had seen out the war in a rear-area unit caring for evacuees from the border regions and the Isthmus.

“What do you mean?” Kaarina asked again.

“You’ll find out,” Siiri muttered.

Kaarina didn’t bother asking, Siiri would just change the subject, the way she always did when she wanted to avoid something. Regardless of Siiri’s doubts, Kaarina had turned eighteen in January, three months after the war ended. She’d thought long and hard about this, it wasn’t a spur of the moment decision. It was a year of her life, but she knew it was something she had to do. Just as it was something she knew Siiri would never do. They both knew that and knowing, accepting, they ate the rest of their lunch in companiable silence.

“You’re going to do it, aren’t you?” Siiri said as they slipped their coats, hats and gloves on. Winter was hanging on this year, snow still covering the rubble and ruins that had been Viipuri in a white shroud.

“Yes,” Kaarina said, simply.

“Well, we’re off to the border tonight, another trainload of Ingrian’s from Siberia due in the morning, they won’t be in good shape, they never are, the devil take those russkies,” Siiri said. “If I don’t see you before you go in, good luck.” A quick hug and she was gone.

Kaarina walked across the square, down a rubble-strewn street to her Battery’s Orderly Room. Just a room in a house that had survived the shelling and the bomber raids more or less intact. It still had most of the roof anyway. Kersantii Tuoppi looked up from her typewriter. “What’s up, Hannula?”

“I want to volunteer for Active Service training, Kersantti.”

Tuoppi actually smiled. “Take a seat Hannula, grab a kahvi, cups are over there. I’ll tell the CO.”

The CO’s head peered around the empty doorframe. “I heard. Come in, Hannula. Tuoppi, I’ll need you to witness.”

To Kaarina’s surprise, the CO had her papers already sitting in a tray on her desk, ready to be signed. Ten minutes later, she was officially a volunteer for Active Service, signed up for a full year of training. And she hadn’t even had a chance to drink that kahvi.

“Come back tomorrow morning Hannula, Tuoppi’ll have your travel tickets and papers ready for you. The next Intake starts training April twenty first, you can have a weeks leave before you go.”

“Kiitos, Rouva.”

The Kapteeni smiled, shook her hand, wished her well. And just like that, it was done.

* * * * * *​

Siiri had been wrong about her mother. When she finally got home that evening, Kaarina mentioned as casually as she could that she’d volunteered for Active Service training. Her mother kept serving dinner to her younger sisters and her granddad without a pause. Her only reaction was a shake of her head. “I was wondering when you’d get around to that, I’ve been expecting this.” She smiled sadly. “If I was your age, I’d be doing the same, Kaarina. You could volunteer after you’ve completed University you know.”

Now Kaarina sighed. “Äiti, there’s war going on out there, the german’s are fighting the brittiläinen, my CO says soon enough the Germans and Russians are going to fight and if they do, we’ll need to be ready to defend ourselves again. I can’t wait four years. I’d rather do my training now and maybe even get promoted if I do well. I can start University next year.”

“I wish I didn’t agree with you, what with your Dad and your brothers all off in the Army and now you going. It’s going to be hard without you until they come back.” Her mother looked sad for a moment, before forcing a smile. “But we’ll cope dear, you’ve made your decision and I’m not going to ask you to change your mind. You have to do what’s right. When do you go?”

“Training starts April twenty first, I pick up my travel papers tomorrow. The CO gave me leave until I go though.”

“That’s nice dear, you can help your ukki work on the repairs.”

Her granddad reached over, clapping her on the shoulder. “Well done girl.” It was all she got from him, but it was a lot more than he usually said.

Her two younger sisters looked at her, green with envy, saying nothing.

10 April, 1941 – Viipuri: 2nd Light Battery, 24th Anti-Aircraft Regiment

“Here’s your travel pass and travel vouchers Hannula.” Kersantti Tuoppi was matter of fact. “There’s a list of everything you need to take with you attached. Go through it now, if you’re missing anything, I’ll issue it to you, there’s plenty of surplus kit around these days.”

“Do I take my Tokarev?”

“Of course. Keep all your personal weapons. I’ll issue you a combat load of ammo right now. How many ammo drums for that beast of yours?”

“Five.”

“Perkkele, that’s … three hundred sixty five rounds. You want to take that much?”

“Please.”

“You’re the one carrying it Hannula, not me.”

Kersantti Tuoppi was right. By the time she’d loaded her ruck and kitbag with her full issue, she could barely stagger. When she finally did emerge into daylight, the entire battery was there. All the girls, the cadets, the older women, the old men from the Home Guard, they’d all come to wish her well. The younger girls all told her she’d be seeing them as soon as they were old enough to do their active service training. The older girls who hadn’t already volunteered looked a little shamefaced and didn’t say much.

22 April, 1941 - A Camp somewhere north of Joensuu, eastern Finland

It took Kaarina three days of travel to get to her training camp. First there was the train to Joensuu, a long jolting ride with constant halts. The trains were still busy with Karelian and Ingrian refugees flooding in from Russia in the aftermath of the war, moving families back to their homes and farms on the Isthmus and along the borders, not to mention demobilizing the Army. The schedules were being followed, sort of, but there were constant delays and long waits.

In Joensuu there was an overnight stop at an ad-hoc transit camp where she slept in an old hall on a stretcher along with a couple of hundred other recruits. It was all rather chaotic, not at all what she’d expected. She chatted with some of the other girls but they were all tired. Nobody really had much to talk about except speculation about their training. And they were all too tired to talk much about that.

In the morning, they were called out, their papers checked one by one, following which they were loaded onto a column of old and battered Ford Muuli trucks. Jolting and bucking down unsealed roads, Kaarina had no idea where they were. Nobody else did either, not that it mattered much. When they got to wherever it was they’d been taken, Kaarina wasn’t impressed. It didn’t look like a military camp. Certainly nothing like the bases around Viipuri that she was familiar with.

Just a collection of old tents and dugouts scattered around under the trees and a lot of young women, most about her own age, some older, some like her in uniforms, some still in civilian clothes. Some, like Kaarina, carried their issue weapons – Kaarina’s was her old and well-used Russian Tokarev M/34-38 PPD with the 73-round drum that had been reissued for the Home Guard units. It did get a few looks, especially as most of the girls with rifles had been issued with the crappy Italian M1938 7.35 mm rifles, the Terni.

They’d arrived early in the afternoon, they spent most of the rest of the day standing or sitting in loose formation as the Instructors, older men, or men with obvious injuries but also a very few Lotta-NCO’s, worked through their lists. Initially they checked names and paperwork, then kit, with the Instructors making sure everyone was standard and the girls had the right stuff. Many didn’t, so a lot of time was spent on issuing uniforms and basic equipment.

The girls without uniforms got them and they got winter-issue smocks and gloves and helmets and the new body armour and all the gear that you never got issued as a Cadet. Kaarina was one of the few exceptions, needing nothing except a helmet and the body armor, the Lohikäärme Vuota. Kersantti Tuoppi had done her proud. They were fed dinner in the mess tents, quite a nice meal too and lots of time to eat it.

The only part that Kaarina didn’t like was that she had to turn in her lovely well-cared for Tokarev (“you’ll get it back after, don’t worry”) and all she got in return was an old and very used Mosin-Nagant Rifle that, to add insult to injury, had rust inside the barrel and working parts.

After dinner, each of them was assigned to a ten-girl rhymä and shown to their tents. All the girls, at least all those who had been in the Cadets, were used to setting up in tents. They showed the girls who weren’t what needed to be done. Once her rhymä was sorted out, Kaarina sat down and started to clean her rifle. The older woman next to her, Aino, looked helplessly at her own rifle.

“Can you show me how to do that?”

A couple of the others nodded. Kaarina ended up spending the rest of the evening conducting an impromptu lesson in stripping and cleaning the Mosin-Nagant. Before lights-out, one of the Instructors showed them where the nearest bomb-shelters were and explained what to do if the siren went off.

“But we signed a Peace Treaty,” one of the girls exclaimed. “The war’s over.”

Kaarina’s rhymä fell silent. Everyone looked. Finally Aino shook her head. “You trust the Russkies to keep their word?”

The questioner blushed.

23 April, 1941 – 0630 hours

Whistles blew at oh six thirty hours the next morning, the Instructors moving from tent to tent. “Fall in on the Parade Ground for inspection by the CO in thirty minutes … fall in on the parade ground for inspection by the CO in thirty minutes…”

It was far more relaxed than Kaarina had anticipated. Cadets had been far tougher. The “parade ground” was the clearing in the forest where they’d been dropped off the previous afternoon. They formed up in ranks, the Instructors assembling them by Rhymä, Joukkue and Komppania, each rank one and a half meters behind the others, each girl an arms length apart from her neighbors in the ranks, all of them in their newly-issued combat uniforms, the mottled white-grey trousers and thick winter smocks over the body armour, the boots and helmets that were just like the men’s.

One of the Kersantti-Instructors gave Kaarina’s joukkue instructions on how to stand at attention and how to stand at ease. They practised a few times until even the civilian girls without Cadet or Lotta experience knew what to do, more or less. Then the Kersantti-Instructor had them all stand easy and wait.

The first Kaarina saw of their Commanding Officer was a glint of early morning sun on metal in her peripheral vision. She moved her eyes to look, glimpsing her as she stepped into the clearing. She walked stiffly, accompanied on either side by a Lotta-Kersantti. Their Kersantti-Instructor saw her at the same time, immediately bringing them to attention. Standing unmoving, Kaarina watched as the Officer shook off her assistants to limp towards them. She was of medium height, not quite as tall as Kaarina, her hair short and blonde, wearing wire-framed glasses.

The hilt of a hukari jutted upwards from behind her left shoulder, a pistol holstered on her thigh, an old and well-used Suomi carried easily on a sling, a fighting knife tucked in her right boot. She wore her Lohikäärme Vuota easily under her camoflauge smock, as if it were a second skin. The body armour made her look bulky and solid. Kaarina thought she was quite pretty until she came closer and Kaarina saw her eyes. Eyes of ice-blue, cold and hard with a look to them that made her shiver. In that same instant, she recognised that face and the single medal that had glinted in the early morning sunlight.

The Mannerheim Cross.

Only one woman in the Armeija had ever been awarded that medal.

Only one.

“It’s Kapteeni Jakobson,” the girl next to her breathed, her hushed whisper one of awe.

Kaarina shook her head slightly. As if anybody wouldn’t recognise her. That face had been blazoned across every newspaper in Finland. Probably around the world, for that matter. Vänrikki Arabella Jakobson and her forty four Lotta’s against twenty thousand Russians. The Marski pinning the Mannerheim Cross on her as she lay in a hospital bed, pale and bandaged. The stories of her Field Kitchen Unit’s desperate fight against a horde of blood-crazed Bolshevik murderers had filled the papers, along with that famous photo of her, one of the few survivors, already seriously wounded and soaked in blood, decapitating a Russian soldier with her hukari as he tried to shoot a Finnish Officer in the back.

The Sotilasmestari saluted snappily. The Officer awkwardly saluted back, then stood, only her head turning slowly, silently studying the girls one by one for what seemed an eternity. Her eyes fell on Kaarina. She could feel them on her, appraising her, sizing her up. And Kaarina knew that she didn’t quite measure up. Not to this Officer.

The Kapteeni walked silently to the right of the formation, very close to Kaarina, who was in the front rank. She looked the girl there up and down. Their Joukkue Kersantti-Instructor followed her, a step behind. “You, girl, you don’t look very fit. You will change that. Clear?”

Speechless, the girl nodded her head. Kaarina stifled an incipient wince. Kapteeni Jakobson looked at the girl for a moment before running her eyes over the rest of the formation. “When I ask you a question, you will answer it loudly and clearly so that all of us can hear you. You will start by saying Rouva at the beginning and at the end of every answer. So, let us try this again.”

She looked at the girl. “Is what I have told you clear?”

Her voice shaking, the girl answered loudly. “Rouva! Yes, Rouva.”

Kapteeni Jakobson nodded. Moved to the next girl, looked her up and down. “You look fit enough,” was all she said before moving on. By the time the Kapteeni paused in front of Kaarina, she knew that you really could make someone turn to jelly with just a few well-chosen words, none of them particularly harsh or critical. Just comments and the occasional instruction to the Kersantti-Instructor following her.

Now she was looking at Kaarina, looking Kaarina up and down. She nodded once, those ice-blue eyes chilling Kaarina to the bone. “You’ve been in the Cadets how long, Sotamies?”

“Rouva. Six years, Rouva.”

“What did you do during the war? Cadet Rank?”

“Rouva. Viipuri Anti-Aircraft Artillery gun-crew commander, Cadet-Kersantti, Rouva.”

“You saw some action then. That’s good. What’s your name, Sotamies?”
“Rouva. Hannula, Rouva.”

“Very good.” She turned her head to look at the Kersantti-Instructor. “Make Hannula Recruit-Korpraali for her rhymä.”

“Rouva.”

Kaarina felt a surge of pride. Kapteeni Jakobson must have seen it on her face. She smiled. A smile that never touched those cold blue eyes.

“You’ll learn that there’s a price to pay for leadership, girl.”

Kaarina didn’t know what she meant, nor was it a question. She said nothing. Kapteeni Jakobson looked her up and down, nodded once more and moved on.

When she had finished her inspection, Kapteeni Jakobson limped stiffly back to the front of the formation. She looked at them again for another long long moment before speaking, those hard blue eyes holding them frozen in place:

“I am Lotta-Kapteeni Jakobson. I am responsible for your training, for turning every one of you girls into soldiers. Finland is no longer at war, but you all know that war continues beyond our borders. Finland is free but our brothers and sisters in Estonia are not. They who fought beside us now suffer under the iron heel of the Bolsheviks and the Marski has promised that when the time is right, we will do our best to liberate Estonia.”

“Not just Estonia, but Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Denmark, Norway, every one of our friends and neighbours, with the sole exception of Sweden, has fallen under the iron-clad feet of either the Bolsheviks or the Germans. Only we in Finland remain truly free, but the price we have paid for our freedom has been high. You all know that price.”

They did, every one of them. Seventy six thousand Finnish soldiers killed. As many again seriously wounded. But Finland had remained unconquered, unbowed, a free country still. Every one of them regarded that price as worth paying.

“Soon enough, Germany will turn on the Russkies, or the Russkies will turn on Germany, and war will again draw close to us, whether we wish it or not. The Armeija is needed to guard and protect Finland, and as Active Service Lotta’s, you have volunteered not just to serve at home, but to join the Armeija on the frontlines. And as soldiers in the Armeija, you Lotta’s must be prepared to fight. Not just to fight, but to win the fight against anyone who threatens us, to take the fight to anyone who again threatens us.”

“You, you are here, every one of you, because you have volunteered to join the Armeija and to fight for Finland. And I, I am responsible for turning you little girls into soldiers – not just Lotta’s with rifles, but into real soldiers of the Suomen Armeija. This is not a game. This is not something to make you feel good. Like our men, each of you will learn the meaning of pain, of suffering, of sacrifice. When you leave here, none of you will be the same as you are now.”

“Why is that?” Kapteeni Jakobson looked at them for another of those long moments.

“Whether we will it or no, all of us Active Service Lotta’s will be called upon if war once again threatens our country. As Active Service Lotta’s of the Armeija, you, as I was, as I may again be, each of us may be called on to fight on the frontlines. We do not intentionally put Lotta’s into frontline combat, but as we all know, it happens.” Kapteeni Jakobson smiled at them, her expression grim. Every one of them glanced at the medal on her camoflauge smock. Every one of them knew how that medal had been won, knew the price that had been paid, the precedent that had been set. Knew in their hearts what would be expected of them in similar circumstances.

“As I know myself, all to well, it happens. And just like our men who are soldiers, we Lottas can die. My task is to ensure that if you need to fight, you are trained and prepared to do so. When you are trained to my satisfaction, you will be sent to join units of the Armeija.”

“In preparation for that day, I am going to train you to kill, and I am going to train you to die well, if die you must. Some of you may even die while you are training here. That is what war is about, that is what being a soldier is about. If you don’t like that, you can get out now, while you still can. I don’t need you nor do I want you unless you want to be here … on my terms. Remember, any enemy we fight will care less for your opinion than I do ….. and I don’t care at all.”

“BUT … if you stay, if I decide you are acceptable to the Armeija, there will be something of which you can be proud. When women everywhere else in the world are second class citizens of their own countries, when women everywhere else in the world are second-class soldiers, you will not be. You will have paid the price in full.”

“And I … I can guarantee you that it will be a hard price, that it will be a price you will know you have paid, but it will be a fair price. As a Lotta-soldier, you will be the equal of any soldier in our Armeija, in the best Army in the World ... and THAT is something you can and will be proud of.”
She eyed them for yet another of those long silent moments before turning to the Lotta- Sotilasmestari standing to one side.

“Sotilasmestari.”

“Rouva.”

“Dismiss the recruits for breakfast. Any who wish to change their minds and leave have until oh nine hundred to report to the Orderly Room.”

“Rouva.” The Sotilasmestari saluted snappily. Kapteeni Jakobson returned the salute, turned, limped away, still accompanied on either side by those two Lotta-Kersantti’s shadowing her.

Kaarina watched her. Every single one of them watched her.

Not one of them stirred until she was out of sight.

Above them, the blue-crossed lion flag, the sotalippu, the Armeija’s battle flag, streamed out in the cold spring breeze.

* * * * * *​

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWgJMdftFhA

Siniristilippumme, (Our blue-crossed flag,)
sulle käsin vannomme, sydämin: (for you we swear the oath: )
sinun puolestas elää ja kuolla (To live and die for you)
on halumme korkehin. (is our greatest wish.)

Kuin taivas ja hanki Suomen (Like the sky and snows of Finland)
ovat värisi puhtahat. (Your colors are pure.)
Sinä hulmullas mielemme nostat (With your streaming you rouse our minds)
ja kotimme korotat. (And strengthen our homes.)

Isät, veljet verellään (Fathers and brothers with their blood)
vihki sinut viiriksi vapaan maan. (Inaugurated you as the banner of our free country)
Ilomiellä sun jäljessäs käymme (With joy we follow you)
teit' isäin astumaan. (On the road traveled by our fathers.)

Sun on kunnias kunniamme, (Your glory is our honor,)
sinun voimasi voimamme on. (Your strength is ours.)
Sinun kanssasi onnemme jaamme (With you we share our happiness)
ja iskut kohtalon. (And the blows of destiny.)

Siniristilippumme, (Our blue-crossed flag,
sulle valan vannomme kallihin: (for you we swear the oath:)
sinun puolestas elää ja kuolla (To live and die for you)
on halumme korkehin. (Is our greatest wish.)
 
Wonderful update CanKiwi from one of my favourite TL's, are you able to give us an idea of when TTL's continuation war will commence?

Furthermore has the Finnish Air Force resumed their rearmament ITTL and what is their main fighter and bomber?
 
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